Multi-element organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-element organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is prepared from fermented sheep manure, potassium fulvate, tea seed meal and dolomite powder. The fermented sheep manure, the tea seed meal, the potassium humate and the dolomite powder are all commercially available commodities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the fermented sheep manure, the potassium humate and the tea seed meal, controlling the humidity, fully mixing with the dolomite powder, extruding and granulating, and packaging to obtain the multi-element organic fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-element organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which can provide organic matter and humic acid to the soil and provide calcium and magnesium nutrition to crops. The fertilizer can increase the organic matter content of the soil, increase the soil aggregate structure, alleviate the harm of soil acidification to crops, and prevent and treat physiological diseases of crops caused by calcium and magnesium deficiency. It is an ecological and environmentally friendly organic fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] The content of organic matter in the soil is closely related to the soil fertility level. It plays a significant role in many aspects of soil fertility. Usually, under the same or similar conditions, the content of organic matter is positively correlated with the soil fertility level. The main functions of organic matter are as follows:

[0003] Providing nutrition for plants: Organic matter contains a large number of plant nutrients, such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and other important elements, as well as some trace elements. Soil organic matter releases a large number of nutrients through the mineralization process to provide nutrients for plant growth.

[0004] Promote the absorption of other nutrients by plants: During the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, the organic acids and humic acid produced have a certain solubility for soil minerals, which can promote mineral differentiation and facilitate the effectiveness of nutrients. Some metal ions complexed with organic acids can be retained in the soil solution without precipitation and affecting its effectiveness.

[0005] Promote plant growth and development: The polyphenol functional groups in soil organic matter can strengthen the plant respiration process, improve the permeability of cell membranes, promote the rapid entry of nutrients into the plant body, and promote the growth of plant roots. Soil organic matter also contains vitamins B1, B2, pyridoxalic acid, nicotinic acid, hormones, auxins (β-indoleacetic acid), antibiotics (streptomycin, penicillin), etc., which promote plant growth and enhance plant disease resistance.

[0006] Improving soil physical properties: Organic matter plays many roles in improving soil physical properties. The most important and direct role is to improve soil structure and promote the formation of aggregate structure, thereby increasing soil looseness and improving soil aeration and water permeability.

[0007] Providing energy for soil organisms: Without soil microorganisms, there would be no biochemical processes in the soil. The population, quantity and activity of soil microorganisms increase with the increase of organic matter content, with a very significant positive correlation.

[0008] Activate nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium: Phosphorus in the soil pool generally does not exist in a fast-acting state, but often exists in a slow-acting and slow-acting state, so the effectiveness of phosphorus in the soil is low; soil organic matter has the characteristic of reacting with insoluble phosphorus, which can increase the solubility of phosphorus, thereby improving the effectiveness of phosphorus in the soil and the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer.

[0009] Organic matter can buffer the changes in H+ concentration in soil solution, giving the soil a certain buffering capacity and slowing down the progress of soil acidification. Humic acid has a strong complexing ability for heavy metal ions, which can limit the absorption of heavy metals by plants and prevent heavy metal pollution.

[0010] Calcium is an indispensable nutrient for the normal growth and development of crops. Reasonable use of calcium fertilizer, especially in the critical period of calcium requirement for calcium-loving crops such as apples, citrus, tomatoes, cabbage, etc., can effectively prevent and treat physiological diseases of crops caused by calcium deficiency, laying the foundation for high yield and high quality.

[0011] Calcium can serve as a bridge between the phosphate group of phospholipids and the carboxyl group of proteins in biological membranes, thus maintaining the stability of the membrane structure. Calcium is an element that constitutes the cell wall, and the intercellular layer of the cell wall is composed of calcium pectate. When calcium is deficient, the formation of the cell wall is blocked, affecting cell division, or new cell walls cannot be formed, and multinucleated cells appear. Therefore, growth is inhibited when calcium is deficient, and in severe cases, young organs (root tips, stem tips) rot and necrotize. Calcium has a certain effect on plant disease resistance. It is reported that at least 40 kinds of physiological diseases of fruits and vegetables are caused by calcium deficiency. For example, when Chinese cabbage lacks calcium, the heart leaves turn brown. Calcium deficiency in apples during the young fruit stage can cause pox and cracking. Calcium is also an activator of some enzymes. For example, reactions catalyzed by enzymes such as ATP hydrolase and phospholipid hydrolase require the participation of calcium ions. Calcium exists in the plant body in an ionic state, mainly in leaves or old organs and tissues. It is an element that is very difficult to move. Therefore, traditional calcium fertilizer products have poor absorption performance and cannot fully meet the needs of calcium supplementation.

[0012] Magnesium is a component of plant chlorophyll and the only metal element in the chlorophyll molecule. Magnesium is an activator of many enzymes. Magnesium is a necessary component of polyribosomes and can also promote the formation of vitamins A and C in crops. Therefore, the application of magnesium fertilizer can promote the photosynthesis of crops, promote protein synthesis, increase the yield of crops and improve the quality of agricultural products. It is also reported that magnesium can promote the absorption of silicon by plants, which is beneficial to prevent the invasion of pathogens; it can also reduce the absorption of manganese by plants and reduce the disease effects of excessive manganese; when low concentrations of magnesium are applied, it can also promote the absorption of calcium. In the distribution of crops, the content of magnesium is generally the highest in seeds, followed by stems and leaves, and the least in roots. Generally speaking, leguminous crops contain more magnesium than gramineous crops, and the amount of magnesium absorbed by root crops is usually twice that of cereal crops. Field crops such as rice, peanuts, and sesame, cash crops such as citrus, bananas, pineapples, and tobacco, and vegetables such as potatoes and tomatoes are all crops that require more magnesium.

[0013] In recent years, magnesium deficiency has caused yellow rice leaves and reduced rice production in my country. With the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, the annual increase in fertilization levels and high-concentration fertilizers has led to an increasingly significant demand for magnesium, especially in acidic sandy soil areas with high rainfall. Summary of the invention

[0014] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a multi-component organic fertilizer, characterized in that: the multi-component organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components by weight:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] Preferably, a multi-component organic fertilizer is characterized in that: the multi-component organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components by weight;

[0018]

[0019] Most preferably, a multi-component organic fertilizer is characterized in that: the multi-component organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components by weight:

[0020]

[0021] The fermented sheep manure, tea dregs and dolomite powder are all commercially available products, and potassium humate is a product independently developed by our company. Among them, the fermented sheep manure contains 40-50% organic matter; 3-5% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the tea dregs contain 15% tea saponin, 55-70% organic matter, pH 9-10; potassium humate contains 50-60% organic matter, potassium ≥ 10%, pH 9-10, and a fineness of less than or equal to 60 meshes; dolomite powder has a pH of 7-9, contains CaO ≥ 30.4%, MgO ≥ 21.9%, and a fineness of less than or equal to 80 meshes.

[0022] The second object of the present invention is to provide a multi-element organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Weigh 350kg of fermented sheep manure, 250kg of tea dregs, 250kg of potassium humate powder with particles less than or equal to 60 mesh, and 150kg of dolomite powder with particles less than or equal to 80 mesh, respectively, and place them in containers for use;

[0024] Step 2: Put 350kg of fermented sheep manure and 250kg of tea dregs prepared in step 1 into a crusher for crushing, and put them into containers for later use;

[0025] Step 3: Place 350 kg of the fermented sheep manure prepared in step 2, 250 kg of potassium humate powder with particles less than or equal to 60 mesh, and 150 kg of dolomite powder with particles less than or equal to 80 mesh prepared in step 1 in a mixer, mix them thoroughly for 20 minutes, and set aside;

[0026] Step 4: adjusting the water content of the mixture prepared in step 3 to 10-15% by weight, and putting the mixture into an extrusion granulator for granulation and packaging to obtain the multi-element organic fertilizer.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] Since the raw materials of sheep manure, tea dregs, potassium humate and dolomite powder are fermented, the multi-element organic fertilizer obtained by the present invention can effectively provide organic matter, humic acid, potassium nutrition and calcium and magnesium nutrition, and also contains tea saponin. It is worth mentioning that the current soil acidification phenomenon in greenhouse vegetable areas has a tendency to become more and more serious. The use of this fertilizer can effectively alleviate the soil acidification phenomenon. In addition, since saponin itself has a good insecticidal effect.

[0029] It should be noted that the method described in the present invention is only a preferred preparation process but is not limited thereto. The product prepared by the method of the present invention has good stability.

[0030] The raw materials used in the product of the invention are all from natural resources, the raw material and production costs are low, and the production process is simple, which conforms to the current historical background of zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and vigorous promotion of organic fertilizers. Specific implementation method:

[0031] The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, in which only the components and their weight parts are listed, and the preparation methods thereof are as described in the above description.

[0032]

[0033] Example 4: Analysis of production increase and test results

[0034] The following analysis report of the field test results conducted by the Hebei Provincial Soil and Fertilizer Station illustrates that the product produced by the present invention has a good effect.

[0035] "Field test report on the evaluation of the fertilizer effect of multi-organic fertilizers on tomatoes"

[0036] In accordance with the requirements of the agricultural industry standard "Technical Regulations for Field Tests for Fertilizer Effect Identification", this experiment was specially arranged to verify the application effect of multi-element organic fertilizers in tomato production in Hebei Province, providing a basis for its promotion and application.

[0037] 1 Materials and methods

[0038] 1.1 Materials

[0039] The experiment was arranged in Fanzhuang Village, Nanyan Village Town, Yongnian County, Hebei Province in May 2016. The soil is brown soil, the texture is medium soil, the fertility is medium to high, and the soil fertility is uniform. The nutrients in the soil plough layer are: organic matter 40.3g / kg, alkaline nitrogen 102.9mg / kg, available phosphorus (P2O5) 29.7mg / kg, and available potassium (K2O) 98.5mg / kg. The test crop is tomato, and the variety is Zhongza No. 9. The test fertilizer is the multi-organic fertilizer of Example 3 (organic matter ≥45.0%, GaO+MgO ≥25.0%, pH7-9, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ≥4%), provided by Dezhou Naian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0040] 1.2 Methods

[0041] This experiment has three treatments, which are randomly arranged in groups and repeated three times. The plot area is 30m 2 .

[0042] Treatment 1: ck: conventional fertilization

[0043] Treatment 2: ck + 300 kg of chicken manure organic fertilizer.

[0044] Treatment 3: ck + 300 kg of multi-organic fertilizer.

[0045] Conventional fertilization is: 75kg potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, topdressing 3 times during the growth period, 7.5kg urea + 7.5kg compound fertilizer per mu. The test plot tomatoes were planted on May 10, 2013, with 4,000 plants per mu. Strictly follow the requirements of the test plan, and other cultivation and management measures follow local customs.

[0046] The harvest started on July 20 and ended on September 20. The yield of each plot was calculated separately according to the harvesting unit, and the yield was the cumulative yield of multiple harvests from July 20 to September 20. In addition to the fertilization required by the plan, other management measures were the same as those of ordinary tomato fields.

[0047] 2 Results and analysis

[0048] 2.1 Effect of multi-organic fertilizers on tomato yield.

[0049] As shown in Table 1, the average yield of tomatoes in treatment one was 4849.67 kg / mu, the average yield of tomatoes in treatment two was 4911.00 kg / mu, and the average yield of tomatoes in treatment three was 5170.00 kg / mu. Treatment three increased yield by 5.27% compared with treatment two.

[0050] Table 1 Test results statistics

[0051]

[0052] 2.2 Analysis of variance

[0053] Table 2 Analysis of variance table

[0054]

[0055] After calculation, the F value>F0.01, indicating that the yield difference between treatments is significant. The PLSD method is further used for multiple comparisons. The results are shown in the following table:

[0056] Table 3 LSD detection

[0057]

[0058] The yield per mu of tomatoes in each treatment of the tomato experiment was analyzed by variance analysis. The yield per mu of tomatoes in each treatment was significantly different. Multiple comparisons were made on the yield per mu of tomatoes in each treatment. The results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen that the difference in the yield per mu of tomatoes between (treatment 1) and (treatment 2) is not obvious, and the yield per mu of tomatoes in (treatment 3) is significantly higher than that in treatment 1, and the difference reaches a significant level.

[0059] 3 Experimental conclusion

[0060] The results of field tests show that the multi-organic fertilizer developed by Dezhou Naian Biotechnology Co., Ltd. can increase the yield of tomatoes by 5.27%, improving the economic benefits of planting. Therefore, the fertilizer can be promoted and applied on a large scale.

Claims

1. A multi-element organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The multi-element organic fertilizer is prepared from the following ingredients by weight:

2. A multi-element organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-element organic fertilizer is prepared from the following ingredients by weight:

3. A multi-element organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-element organic fertilizer is prepared from the following ingredients by weight:

4. A method for preparing a multi-element organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: Step 1: Weigh 350kg of fermented sheep manure, 250kg of tea dregs, 250kg of potassium humate powder with particles less than or equal to 60 mesh, and 150kg of dolomite powder with particles less than or equal to 80 mesh, respectively, and place them in containers for use; Step 2: Put 350kg of fermented sheep manure and 250kg of tea dregs prepared in step 1 into a crusher for crushing, and put them into containers for later use; Step 3: Place 350 kg of the fermented sheep manure prepared in step 2, 250 kg of potassium humate powder with particles less than or equal to 60 mesh, and 150 kg of dolomite powder with particles less than or equal to 80 mesh prepared in step 1 in a mixer, mix them thoroughly for 20 minutes, and set aside; Step 4: adjusting the water content of the mixture prepared in step 3 to 10-15% by weight, and putting the mixture into an extrusion granulator for granulation and packaging to obtain the multi-element organic fertilizer.

Images