Continuous production process of non-detonator sensitivity bulk porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of explosive processing, in particular to a continuous production process of non-detonator sensitivity bulk porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives, which comprises the following steps: conveying and heating porous granular ammonium nitrate, quantitatively conveying the heated porous granular ammonium nitrate into a mixing screw, and mixing the heated porous granular ammonium nitrate with quantitatively added glass microspheres; metering the oil phase, feeding the oil phase into a mixing screw, and mixing the oil phase with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive; the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives are transported to a packaging work room, unloaded to a hopper and then transported to an automatic large packaging explosive machine to be packaged to form bulk products; and bulk products are conveyed to a finished product transfer warehouse and a platform for loading and then are transferred to a total warehouse area, so that the production of the non-detonator sensitivity bulk porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive can be completed, and the problems that in the prior art, in the production process of the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, the packaging cost and the energy consumption are high, and the intrinsic safety level of a production line is low are solved. And on-site charging construction is not convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of explosive processing, in particular to a continuous production process of bulk porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive without detonator sensitivity. Background Art

[0002] At present, the industrial explosives used are mainly small-diameter packaging. From the perspective of explosive packaging specifications in 2013, small-diameter packaged explosives below Ф40mm accounted for about 33% of the total explosive production, down about 4 percentage points from 2012; large-diameter packaged explosives above Ф40mm accounted for 23% of the total explosive production, up about 3 percentage points from 2012; and bagged and on-site mixed explosives accounted for 24% and 21% of the total production, respectively. With the change of blasting methods and the promotion of on-site mixed technology, the output of bulk explosives is increasing. In 2013, the output of bulk explosives was 1.936 million tons, accounting for 44.3% of the total industrial explosive production, and the proportion is increasing year by year. In the first half of 2014, the output of industrial explosives packaged products accounted for about 77.8% of the total explosive production, down about 4.6 percentage points from the same period last year; the output of on-site mixed explosives accounted for about 20.1% of the total explosive production, basically the same as the first half of 2013. Among packaged explosives, small diameter cartridges accounted for 36.6% of the total explosive output, down about 6.5 percentage points from the same period last year; large diameter cartridges and bag-shaped packaged products accounted for 19.9% ​​and 23.4% of the total explosive output, respectively, slightly higher than the first half of 2013. Among them, small diameter cartridges accounted for more than 60% of the total explosive output of gelled emulsion explosives and water gel explosives, while expanded ammonium nitrate explosives, modified ammonium nitrate oil explosives and powdered emulsion explosives were mainly packaged in bags, accounting for more than 50%. From the above statistical data, it is not difficult to find that the market share of bulk explosives (including porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosives) is increasing year by year. From the perspective of the development of blasting technology, medium and deep hole blasting technology is currently the main blasting method widely used in China for mine stripping, mining, water conservancy projects and railway excavation projects. It has high safety assurance, good operating conditions, large mining capacity, high production efficiency, long blasting cycle, less flying rocks, convenient distribution and management of blasting equipment, and significantly improved comprehensive benefits. The use of bulk explosives in blasting construction can increase the coupling coefficient of the charge, expand the scope of application of powdered ammonium nitrate oil explosives, eliminate the pipeline effect of small explosive roll blasting, and achieve good blasting effects.

[0003] However, the existing porous granular ammonium oil explosives have high packaging costs and energy consumption during the production process, and the intrinsic safety level of the production line is low; it is not convenient for on-site charging construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity in bulk, aiming to solve the technical problems that the porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive in the prior art has high packaging cost and energy consumption during production, low intrinsic safety level of the production line and is inconvenient for on-site charging construction.

[0005] To achieve the above object, a kind of continuous production process of porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity adopted by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: First, the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the prepared oil phase and the glass microspheres are placed in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo, the oil phase storage tank and the glass microsphere silo for standby use;

[0007] Step 2: The porous granular ammonium nitrate after the bag is broken is transported to the heating spiral through the conveying spiral and then quantitatively transported to the mixing spiral to be mixed with the measured glass microspheres;

[0008] Step 3, after measuring the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank, sending it to the mixing screw to mix with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form a porous granular ammonium oil explosive;

[0009] Step 4: transport the porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive to the packaging workshop through a hanging conveying system and unload it into a hopper, and then transport it to an automatic large packaging machine for packaging to form a product;

[0010] Step 5: The product is transported by conveyor belt to the finished product transfer warehouse and the platform is loaded and then transferred to the main warehouse area to complete the production of non-detonator sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil explosive.

[0011] The content of the added porous granular ammonium nitrate is 85.0% to 94.0%, the content of the glass microspheres is 4% to 8%, and the content of the integrated oil phase is 4.0% to 6.0%.

[0012] Wherein, in step 1, the specific method of placing the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the prepared oil phase in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo and the oil phase storage tank for standby is:

[0013] The porous granular ammonium nitrate is transported from the ammonium nitrate warehouse to the feeding room by explosion-proof forklift for standby use;

[0014] The integrated oil phase is transported from the warehouse to the mixing workshop, and after preparation, it flows by gravity into the oil phase storage tank for standby use.

[0015] Among them, in step 2, the specific method of transporting the porous granular ammonium nitrate after breaking the bag to the heating spiral through the conveying spiral and then quantitatively transporting it to the mixing spiral to mix with the measured glass microspheres is:

[0016] The porous granular ammonium nitrate after bag breaking is added into the porous ammonium nitrate feed port at a rate of 50 kg per minute, and then added into the heating spiral through the conveying spiral for heating, and then conveyed to the mixing spiral through the quantitative conveying spiral for mixing with the measured glass microspheres.

[0017] Among them, in step three, the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank is metered and then sent to the mixing spiral through the oil nozzle.

[0018] The porous granular ammonium nitrate is heated by the heating spiral through the conveying spiral to a temperature of 55-65°C.

[0019] Among them, the automatic large packaging machine packs porous granular ammonium oil explosives in the following ways:

[0020] The granular ammonium oil explosive is automatically measured and loaded with explosives and then sewn into bags to complete the packaging.

[0021] The invention discloses a continuous production process of capless sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive. The process comprises the following steps: firstly, porous granular ammonium nitrate, oil phase and glass microspheres are respectively placed in a porous granular ammonium nitrate silo, an oil phase storage tank and a glass microsphere silo for standby use; the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo is quantitatively conveyed to a mixing screw after being conveyed and heated to be mixed with quantitatively added glass microspheres; the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank is metered and conveyed to the mixing screw to be mixed with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form the capless sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive; the capless sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive is transported to a packaging workshop via a hanging conveying system and then unloaded into a hopper, and then transported to an automatic large packaging machine via an inclined screw for packaging to form a bulk product; the bulk product is conveyed to a finished product transfer warehouse and a platform by a conveying belt, and then transported to a general warehouse area after being loaded.

[0022] The present invention has the following effects:

[0023] 1. The prepared explosive has no detonator sensitivity. When the charge diameter is ≥50mm, a Φ32mm emulsion explosive can be used to detonate and detonate stably;

[0024] 2. The energy consumption of the present invention in preparing explosives is much lower than the unit energy consumption of the existing fixed production line, and the capacity adjustment range is large, and the capacity can reach more than 10t / h;

[0025] 3. The process of the present invention can be applied to packaging production lines and can also be applied to on-site mixing; the non-detonator-sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive product produced by this technology is suitable for blastholes with small water inflow, has good fluidity, and a fast blasthole charging speed; the blasthole charging density is lower than that of emulsion explosives and higher than that of expanded ammonium nitrate explosives, with fully coupled charging, uniform blasting block size, and improved engineering blasting benefits;

[0026] 4. The present invention is based on the advantages of the modified ammonium nitrate oil explosive production line, which is open, pressure-free, low-speed, and has no explosives, closed points and static points. It simplifies the pharmaceutical process, all processes can be unmanned, and the production line is inherently safer.

[0027] In this way, the technical problems of high packaging cost and energy consumption, low intrinsic safety level of the production line and inconvenience of on-site charging construction in the production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosives in the prior art are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a continuous production process of bulk porous granular ammonium oil explosive without detonator sensitivity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 ,in Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a continuous production process of bulk porous granular ammonium oil explosive without detonator sensitivity.

[0032] The invention provides a continuous production process of bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive without detonator sensitivity, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: First, the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the prepared oil phase and the glass microspheres are placed in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo, the oil phase storage tank and the glass microsphere silo for standby use;

[0034] Step 2: The porous granular ammonium nitrate after the bag is broken is transported to the heating spiral through the conveying spiral and then quantitatively transported to the mixing spiral to be mixed with the measured glass microspheres;

[0035] Step 3, after measuring the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank, sending it to the mixing screw to mix with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form a porous granular ammonium oil explosive;

[0036] Step 4: transport the porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive to the packaging workshop through a hanging conveying system and unload it into a hopper, and then transport it to an automatic large packaging machine for packaging to form a product;

[0037] Step 5: The product is transported by conveyor belt to the finished product transfer warehouse and the platform is loaded and then transferred to the main warehouse area to complete the production of non-detonator sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil explosive.

[0038] The content of the added porous granular ammonium nitrate is 85.0% to 94.0%, the content of the glass microspheres is 4% to 8%, and the content of the integrated oil phase is 4.0% to 6.0%.

[0039] In step 1, the specific method of placing the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the oil phase in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo and the oil phase storage tank for standby is:

[0040] The porous granular ammonium nitrate is transported from the ammonium nitrate warehouse to the feeding room of the porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive mixing workshop by an explosion-proof forklift, and after the bag is broken, the porous granular ammonium nitrate is put into the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo for standby use;

[0041] The integrated oil phase is transported from the warehouse to the oil phase preparation workshop, and after preparation is completed, it flows by gravity into the oil phase storage tank for standby use.

[0042] In step 2, the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo is transported and heated and then quantitatively transported to the mixing screw for mixing with the measured glass microspheres in the specific manner as follows:

[0043] The porous granular ammonium nitrate after bag breaking is added into the porous ammonium nitrate feed port at a rate of 50 kg per minute, and then added into the heating spiral through the conveying spiral for heating, and then conveyed to the mixing spiral through the quantitative conveying spiral for mixing with the measured glass microspheres.

[0044] The oil phase in the oil phase storage tank is metered and sent to the mixing screw through the oil nozzle.

[0045] The porous granular ammonium nitrate is transported to the heating spiral by the porous granular ammonium nitrate conveying spiral for heating, and the temperature is controlled at 55-65°C.

[0046] The automatic large packaging machine packs granular ammonium oil explosives in the following ways:

[0047] The porous granular ammonium oil explosive can be packed after being automatically measured, loaded and sewn into bags.

[0048] According to this specific implementation method, firstly, porous granular ammonium nitrate, prepared oil phase and glass microspheres are placed in a porous granular ammonium nitrate silo, an oil phase storage tank and a glass microsphere silo for standby use; after being conveyed and heated, the porous granular ammonium nitrate is quantitatively conveyed to a mixing spiral for mixing with quantitatively added glass microspheres; the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank is metered and conveyed to a mixing spiral for mixing with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form a porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive; the porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive is transported to a packaging workshop via a suspended conveying system, unloaded into a hopper, and packaged in an automatic large packaging machine to form a product; the product is conveyed by a conveyor belt to a finished product transit warehouse and a platform for loading, and then transported to the general storage area to complete the production of bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive without detonator sensitivity.

[0049] In this way, the technical problems of high packaging cost and energy consumption, low intrinsic safety level of the production line and inconvenience of on-site charging construction in the production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosives in the prior art are solved.

[0050] The mixing screw, hanging conveying system, inclined screw, porous granular ammonium nitrate conveying screw, rotating screw, and quantitative conveying screw of the present invention are all controlled by a process control system: the porous ammonium nitrate passes through the porous ammonium nitrate conveying screw from the feed port, enters the rotating screw, is heated to the temperature required by the process, and the porous ammonium nitrate quantitative screw is automatically started. The motor frequency is automatically adjusted according to the hourly production capacity set by the central control room, the calibrated frequency coefficient, and the set process formula. The amount of ammonium nitrate corresponding to the production capacity enters the flameproof belt, conveying screw, and premixer, and is mixed with the measured glass microspheres and oil phase in the premixer. The oil phase metering is also automatically adjusted by the central control system according to the calibrated oil phase flowmeter and the set process formula and hourly production capacity. After the porous ammonium nitrate is mixed with the glass microspheres and the oil phase, it is mixed and cooled while passing through the conveying screw, mixer, and inclined screw until it enters the rail car.

[0051] At the same time, only the rotary screw and the conveying inclined screw are heated by steam, and other screw equipment do not use steam heating. The heated screw uses a temperature sensor to detect the interlayer temperature of the equipment. The interlayer temperature does not exceed (70-80)℃. If the temperature exceeds the upper limit setting value, the control system automatically adjusts the steam valve to avoid continuous temperature rise. The automatic sprinkler system of this line is connected to the automatic fire protection system and water supply system of the entire production area. The workshop is equipped with spiral and equipment machine sprinklers and pharmaceutical and loading workshop sprinklers. The workshop is fully covered with smoke and temperature detectors without dead ends. When the smoke detector detects a dangerous situation, the signal is transmitted to the automatic sprinkler control system, which can accurately open the machine sprinkler and workshop sprinkler. At the same time, the sprinkler water pressure signal is transmitted to the automatic control system to start the water supply system booster pump in time, forming a complete closed loop.

[0052] The present invention has the following effects:

[0053] 1. The prepared explosive has no detonator sensitivity. When the charge diameter is ≥50mm, a Φ32mm emulsion explosive can be used to detonate and detonate stably;

[0054] 2. The energy consumption of the present invention in preparing explosives is much lower than the unit energy consumption of the existing fixed production line, and the capacity adjustment range is large, and the capacity can reach more than 10t / h;

[0055] 3. The process of the present invention can be applied to packaging production lines and can also be applied to on-site mixing; the non-detonator-sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive product produced by this technology is suitable for blastholes with small water inflow, has good fluidity, and a fast blasthole charging speed; the blasthole charging density is lower than that of emulsion explosives and higher than that of expanded ammonium nitrate explosives, with fully coupled charging, uniform blasting block size, and improved engineering blasting benefits;

[0056] 4. The present invention is based on the advantages of the modified ammonium nitrate oil explosive production line, which is open, pressure-free, low-speed, and has no explosives, closed points and static points. It simplifies the pharmaceutical process, all processes can be unmanned, and the production line is inherently safer.

[0057] 5. The present invention adopts porous granular ammonium nitrate as an oxidant, an oil phase material as a reducing agent, and a portion of hollow glass microspheres or calcium carbonate powder as a density regulator. The oil phase material used is mainly bio-oil such as waste kitchen oil, with some bottom oil from refineries and a certain proportion of cationic surfactant octadecylamine acetate. This product wraps the oil phase material on the surface of ammonium nitrate particles to ensure that the oxidant and the reducing agent are in full contact to achieve an explosion reaction, while significantly reducing the oil permeability of the product and the hygroscopic agglomeration of ammonium nitrate. Most of the oil phase materials belong to renewable resources or waste utilization, and the cationic surfactant improves the interfacial affinity between inorganic salt ammonium nitrate and the organic grease oil phase. On the one hand, it avoids the formation of salt bridges between ammonium nitrate particles due to moisture absorption, which in turn causes the explosive to agglomerate and lose its explosive performance. On the other hand, because the oil phase material has a high decomposition temperature, a large decomposition heat absorption, and good thermal stability, the sensitivity of the explosive explosion is greatly reduced, and it cannot be detonated with a No. 8 detonator. This product can be packaged in plastic bags and stored naturally for 12 months without oil seepage and agglomeration, and the explosion performance is stable;

[0058] 6. The explosives prepared by the present invention have a large range of explosion performance indexes, which can meet the needs of users for explosives with different explosion performances. This product uses density regulator hollow vitrified microspheres and calcium carbonate powder to adjust the density of porous granular ammonium oil explosives (between 0.35-1.1g / cm3), so that the explosive performance index can be adjusted to a larger range (explosion velocity 2400-4500m / s, ferocity 12-20mm), meet the requirements of different hardness rock masses for explosive detonation velocity and ferocity, improve the matching of rock and explosive performance, improve the linear density of blasthole charge, improve the energy utilization rate of explosives, reduce the unit volume of rock explosive consumption by 20%, improve the uniformity of the product block after explosion, and avoid local excessive crushing of rocks.

[0059] A continuous production process of capless sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive using the present embodiment comprises the following steps: firstly, porous granular ammonium nitrate, oil phase and glass microspheres are respectively placed in a porous granular ammonium nitrate feeding port, an oil phase storage tank and a glass microsphere silo for standby use; the porous granular ammonium nitrate in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo is quantitatively conveyed to a mixing spiral after being conveyed and heated to be mixed with quantitatively added glass microspheres; the oil phase in the oil phase silo is metered and conveyed to a mixing spiral to be mixed with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form a porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive; the porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive is transported to a packaging workshop via a hanging conveying system, unloaded into a hopper and packaged in an automatic large packaging machine to form a product; the product is conveyed by a conveyor belt to a finished product transfer warehouse and a platform for loading, and then transported to the general warehouse area to complete the production of capless sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil-fuel oil explosive.

[0060] The process equipment selection calculation of the present invention:

[0061] Calculate the raw data

[0062] (1) Daily output of porous granular ammonium oil explosive: 12000÷250=48 (t / d)

[0063] In the formula: 12000——annual output of porous granular ammonium oil explosive (t); 250——annual working days (d).

[0064] (2) Hourly output of porous granular ammonium oil explosive: 48÷7.5÷2=3.2 (t / h)

[0065] In the formula: 7.5 – effective working hours per shift (h); 2 – work shift system.

[0066] Calculation of main process equipment:

[0067] Drug mixing equipment

[0068] Material conveying screw and drug mixing equipment, with a production capacity of up to 6t / h, meet production requirements.

[0069] Medicine packaging equipment

[0070] The bulk large-package medicine equipment uses the CML automatic filling machine originally provided by Wuhan Rentian. The production capacity of this automatic filling machine can reach 4t / h~5t / h when producing products with a specification of 24kg per bag. This project uses 1 CML automatic filling machine to meet production needs.

[0071] List of main process equipment for porous granular ammonium oil explosive production line

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A continuous production process for porous granular ammonium nitrate oil explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: First, the porous granular ammonium nitrate, the prepared oil phase and the glass microspheres are placed in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo, the oil phase storage tank and the glass microsphere silo for standby use; Step 2: The porous granular ammonium nitrate after the bag is broken is transported to the heating spiral through the conveying spiral and then quantitatively transported to the mixing spiral to be mixed with the measured glass microspheres; Step 3, after measuring the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank, sending it to the mixing screw to mix with the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the glass microspheres to form a porous granular ammonium oil explosive; Step 4: transport the porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive to the packaging workshop through a hanging conveying system and unload it into a hopper, and then transport it to an automatic large packaging machine for packaging to form a product; Step 5: The product is transported by conveyor belt to the finished product transfer warehouse and the platform is loaded and then transferred to the main warehouse area to complete the production of non-detonator sensitive bulk porous granular ammonium oil explosive.

2. the continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, The content of the added porous granular ammonium nitrate is 85.0% to 94.0%, the content of the glass microspheres is 4% to 8%, and the content of the integrated oil phase is 4.0% to 6.0%.

3. the continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, In step 1, the specific method of placing the porous granular ammonium nitrate and the prepared oil phase in the porous granular ammonium nitrate silo and the oil phase storage tank for standby is: The porous granular ammonium nitrate is transported from the ammonium nitrate warehouse to the feeding room by explosion-proof forklift for standby use; The integrated oil phase is transported from the warehouse to the mixing workshop, and after preparation, it flows by gravity into the oil phase storage tank for standby use.

4. the continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, In step 2, the porous granular ammonium nitrate after the bag is broken is transported to the heating spiral through the conveying spiral and then quantitatively transported to the mixing spiral for mixing with the measured glass microspheres in the specific manner as follows: The porous granular ammonium nitrate after bag breaking is added into the porous ammonium nitrate feed port at a rate of 50 kg per minute, and then added into the heating spiral through the conveying spiral for heating, and then conveyed to the mixing spiral through the quantitative conveying spiral for mixing with the measured glass microspheres.

5. the continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, In step three, an oil injection pump is used to measure the oil phase in the oil phase storage tank and then send it to the mixing screw.

6. the continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, The porous granular ammonium nitrate is added to the heating spiral through the conveying spiral and heated to a temperature of 55-65°C.

7. the continuous production process of porous granular ammonium oil-fired explosive in bulk without detonator sensitivity as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, The automatic large packaging machine packs porous granular ammonium oil explosives in the following ways: The granular ammonium oil explosive is automatically measured and loaded with explosives and then sewn into bags to complete the packaging.

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