Fabricated pavement structure suitable for alpine regions

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pavement structure design, and particularly relates to an assembly type pavement structure suitable for an alpine region. The fabricated pavement structure comprises a pavement assembly unit and a wind shielding structure, wherein the pavement assembly unit comprises a concrete plate, a heat insulation plate, a carbon fiber heating film and a concrete plate from bottom to top in sequence; mortises are formed in the four corners and the middles of the two long edges of each pavement assembly unit, the mortises and tenons on one sides of the butterfly tenons are assembled to form mortise and tenon structures, and the adjacent pavement assembly units are fixedly connected through the mortise and tenon structures. The lower surface of the concrete slab on the upper layer sinks inwards to form a groove for accommodating the insulation board and the carbon fiber heating film; the wind shielding structure is the side wall of the assembly type pavement structure. The defects of the traditional cast-in-place pavement technology in the alpine region are overcome, and the durability, the ice melting efficiency and the driving safety of the pavement are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pavement structure design, and in particular relates to an assembled pavement structure suitable for high-cold areas. Background Art

[0002] In high-cold areas (high latitudes and high altitudes), the climate and environment are harsh, and traditional cast-in-place pavement technology has many problems. First, the low temperature environment in high-cold areas causes concrete to freeze easily during pouring and curing, which affects its strength development and even causes cracks. Secondly, the construction process of cast-in-place pavement will inevitably cause environmental pollution. In addition, the abundant ice and snow resources in extremely cold areas make the road surface often covered with ice and snow, seriously affecting the safety and efficiency of transportation.

[0003] Although the existing thermal ice-melting technology has alleviated the problem of ice and snow coverage on the road to a certain extent, its application effect in extremely cold areas is not ideal. Extremely cold areas are usually accompanied by severe climatic conditions such as ultra-low temperatures, strong winds and snow, which greatly reduces the efficiency of existing ice-melting technology and significantly increases the technical difficulty and cost during the construction process. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new pavement structure and construction method suitable for high-cold areas. The structure should be able to ensure the strength of the pavement under high-cold climatic conditions and have an efficient ice-melting function, thereby solving the defects of traditional pavement technology in high-cold areas and ensuring road driving safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the snow-melting pavement structure in the high-cold areas in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated pavement structure suitable for high-cold areas, which is a prefabricated concrete pavement structure to effectively solve the multiple challenges faced by cast-in-place concrete pavements in extreme cold environments. The pavement structure is produced in a prefabricated manner in the factory and transported to the construction site for assembly. The pavement structure can not only ensure stable quality, but also realize assembly line production and mechanized operation, avoiding the impact of the extreme cold environment on the construction quality.

[0005] An assembled pavement structure suitable for use in alpine areas, the assembled pavement structure comprising a pavement component unit and a windshield structure, and the specific components are as follows:

[0006] The pavement component units are concrete slab, insulation board, carbon fiber heating film, and concrete slab from bottom to top. The pavement component unit is rectangular, with mortise and tenon at the four corners and the middle of the two long sides. The mortise and tenon are assembled with the tenon on one side of the butterfly tenon to form a mortise and tenon structure, and the adjacent pavement component units are fixedly connected through the mortise and tenon structure. The lower surface of the concrete slab on the upper layer is sunken to form a groove to accommodate the insulation board and the carbon fiber heating film. The carbon fiber heating film is composed of a carbon fiber electric heating film, electric heating film insulating clay, and an external wire.

[0007] The windshield structure is the side wall of the assembled pavement structure, and the grooves in the middle and at both ends form butterfly-shaped mortises with the corresponding grooves on the long sides of the pavement component units, which are fixedly connected by butterfly tenons.

[0008] The pavement component unit is prefabricated in a factory, and its production method includes the following steps:

[0009] 1. Raw material preparation: Select cement, sand, gravel, steel mesh, insulation board and carbon fiber heating film that meet the design requirements.

[0010] 2. Mould making: A standardized mould is made according to the design requirements. The inner cavity of the mould is a rectangular groove. The butterfly tenon is divided into two halves along the axis of symmetry. The halves of the divided butterfly tenon are fixed at the four corners of the rectangular groove and in the middle of the two long sides. The made mould is used to form a pavement component unit.

[0011] 3. Preparation of the concrete slab at the lower layer: Mix cement, sand, gravel and water into concrete according to the designed mass ratio, and add an appropriate amount of antifreeze during the mixing process. According to the design requirements, pour the prepared concrete in the mold of step 2. When the concrete thickness reaches half, place the steel mesh, and then pour the subsequent concrete. After pouring, vibrate to eliminate bubbles to ensure the density and strength of the concrete.

[0012] 4. Lay the insulation board and carbon fiber heating film: When the concrete reaches the initial setting state after vibration in step 3, place the insulation board and carbon fiber heating film in sequence, and wrap the electric heating film insulating putty at the joint between the external wire and the carbon fiber heating film.

[0013] 5. Preparation of the upper concrete slab: After completing step 4, pour the concrete prepared in step 3 on the carbon fiber heating film according to the design requirements. When the concrete thickness reaches 1 / 3 to 1 / 2, place the steel mesh and then pour the subsequent concrete. After pouring, vibrate to remove bubbles and finally evenly spread a layer of rubber particles.

[0014] 6. Curing and demoulding: After curing, demoulding is carried out, and if it passes the inspection, it is the pavement component unit.

[0015] The process of prefabricating the windshield structure in the factory is as follows: (1) designing a mold according to the side shape of the product obtained in step 6, so that the height of the windshield structure exceeds the height of the pavement component unit, the length matches the length of the pavement component unit, and grooves are formed in the middle and at both ends of the windshield structure to form butterfly-shaped mortises with the grooves on the long sides of the concrete slab obtained in step 6; (2) mixing cement, sand, gravel, and water into concrete according to the designed mass ratio, and adding an appropriate amount of antifreeze during the mixing process. According to the design requirements, pour the prepared concrete into the mold, and after pouring, vibrate to remove bubbles; (3) demoulding and inspection after curing for 14 days.

[0016] At the construction site, multiple pavement component units are assembled into a pavement surface of the pavement structure through butterfly joints, and then the windshield structure is fixed to the pavement component units through butterfly joints to form the side walls of the pavement structure. Wires are used to connect the solar panels, distribution boxes, and external wires of the carbon fiber heating film in sequence. The carbon fiber heating film is powered by the solar panels. When the temperature is below 0℃, the heating function is started and the heating power is adjusted according to the ice melting needs.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of cement, sand, crushed stone and water is 1:1.11:2.72:0.38; the antifreeze agent is calcium nitrite, and its mass is 3% of the mass of cement added.

[0018] The specific steps of the construction of the above-mentioned prefabricated pavement structure suitable for high-cold areas in high-cold areas are as follows:

[0019] Site preparation: Clean the construction site and prepare the foundation to ensure that it is flat and stable. Mark the installation location of the pavement slabs according to the design drawings.

[0020] Installation of pavement panels: The prefabricated pavement structure is hoisted to the designated location by lifting equipment and tightly connected using mortise and tenon structures. Each panel should be kept level to ensure the flatness of the entire pavement.

[0021] Joint treatment: Fill the joints of the pavement structure with waterproof materials and reinforce the connections to ensure the sealing and stability between the panels.

[0022] Ice melting system wiring: Use wires to connect the solar panels, distribution boxes, and external wires of the carbon fiber heating film in sequence, and test the integrity and functionality of the circuit to ensure that the system can work properly.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The assembled pavement structure and construction method of the present invention have significant beneficial effects in applications in high-cold areas, which are specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0025] 1. Improve the durability of the pavement. By adopting prefabricated concrete panels and carrying out standardized production in the factory, the present invention greatly improves the quality and consistency of the pavement structure. The prefabricated panels are produced in a controlled environment, avoiding the influence of the climate in the high-cold area on the concrete pouring and curing process, ensuring the high strength and frost resistance of each panel. In addition, the reasonable structural design enables the pavement to effectively resist the temperature stress and frost heave in the high-cold environment, thereby significantly extending the service life of the pavement.

[0026] 2. Enhanced ice melting efficiency The present invention integrates a carbon fiber heating film in the pavement structure and realizes an intelligent ice melting function through a solar panel. The ice melting system can quickly melt snow and ice on the road surface under extremely cold conditions, ensuring that the road remains unobstructed in winter. The design of the insulation board and windshield structure further reduces heat loss, greatly improving the thermal energy utilization rate of the heating film, thereby significantly improving the ice melting efficiency while saving energy.

[0027] 3. Improve road driving safety Due to the efficient ice melting system, the present invention can effectively reduce the risk of traffic accidents caused by road icing. The road surface uses anti-skid materials, combined with the intelligent heating system, which can still provide good adhesion under ice and snow conditions, greatly improving driving safety. In addition, the setting of the windshield structure reduces the impact of strong winds on the road surface, further ensuring the stability and safety of driving.

[0028] 4. Simplify the construction process The prefabricated concrete pavement structure of the present invention adopts a modular design, and only simple assembly and connection are required at the construction site, which greatly simplifies the construction process. The application of the mortise and tenon structure not only improves the connection strength between the plates, but also facilitates transportation and rapid installation, significantly shortens the construction period, and reduces construction costs and environmental impact. The promotion of mechanized construction makes the entire engineering process more efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0029] 5. Energy saving and environmental protection By using solar panels to power the carbon fiber heating film, the present invention effectively realizes the sustainable use of energy. Compared with the traditional electric ice melting system, the ice melting system of the present invention has lower energy consumption, reduces dependence on fossil energy, and also reduces operating costs. In addition, the use of precast concrete panels reduces the waste of materials and damage to the environment during on-site construction, which helps to protect the ecological environment in high-cold areas.

[0030] 6. Reduce maintenance costs The pavement structure design of the present invention has high durability and frost resistance, reducing the need for frequent maintenance. The application of the intelligent ice melting system not only increases the service life of the pavement, but also simplifies the snow removal operation in winter, thereby significantly reducing the road maintenance cost. The modular design of the pavement panels is also more convenient when repairing and replacing, further reducing the maintenance workload and costs.

[0031] In general, the novel precast concrete pavement structure of the present invention has comprehensively solved the shortcomings of traditional cast-in-place pavement technology in high-cold areas through a number of innovative designs, and significantly improved the durability, ice melting efficiency and driving safety of the pavement. Its advantages of energy saving and environmental protection, convenient construction and low maintenance cost make the present invention have broad application prospects in the construction of transportation infrastructure in high-cold areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional model diagram of the assembled pavement structure of the present invention, which shows the positions and connection methods of the bottom concrete slab, the insulation board, the carbon fiber heating film and the top concrete slab;

[0033] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the pavement assembly unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A three-dimensional model diagram of the windshield structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional model diagram of the butterfly tenon in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In order to clarify the application effect of the pavement structure of the present invention in high-cold areas, this section will describe in detail the specific implementation method of the pavement structure, including the composition of the pavement structure, the production process, the construction method, and the working principle and maintenance method of the ice melting system.

[0037] Example

[0038] An assembled pavement structure suitable for use in alpine areas, the assembled pavement structure comprising a pavement component unit and a windshield structure, and the specific components are as follows:

[0039] like Figure 1-4As shown, the pavement component units are, from bottom to top, a 10 cm thick concrete slab, a 2 cm thick insulation board (extruded polystyrene insulation board, referred to as XPS insulation board), a 0.5 mm thick carbon fiber heating film, and a 5 cm thick concrete slab. The side walls of the pavement structure are windproof structures. The pavement component unit is rectangular, and the four corners and the middle of the two long sides are mortise and tenon. The mortise and tenon are assembled with the tenon on one side of the butterfly tenon to form a mortise and tenon structure, and the adjacent pavement component units are fixedly connected by the mortise and tenon structure. The lower surface of the 5 cm thick concrete slab on the upper layer is sunken to form a groove to accommodate the 2 cm thick insulation board and the 0.5 mm thick carbon fiber heating film. The carbon fiber heating film is composed of a carbon fiber electric heating film, electric heating film insulating clay, and external wires.

[0040] The windshield structure is the side wall of the assembled pavement structure, and the grooves in the middle and at both ends form butterfly-shaped mortises with the corresponding grooves on the long sides of the pavement component units, which are fixedly connected by butterfly tenons.

[0041] The pavement component unit is prefabricated in a factory, and its production method includes the following steps:

[0042] 1. Raw material preparation: Select cement, sand, gravel, steel mesh, insulation board and carbon fiber heating film that meet the design requirements.

[0043] 2. Mould making: Make a standardized mould according to the design requirements. The inner cavity of the mould is a rectangular groove with a length of 200 cm, a width of 100 cm and a height of 30 cm. The butterfly tenon with a length of 20 cm and a width of 10 cm is divided into two halves along the axis of symmetry. The four corners of the rectangular groove and the middle of the two long sides are respectively fixed with the divided halves of the butterfly tenon. The obtained mould is used to form a pavement component unit.

[0044] 3. Preparation of 10cm thick concrete slab: According to the designed mass ratio of 1:1.11:2.72:0.38, 922kg cement, 1024kg sand, 2504kg crushed stone and 350kg water were mixed to prepare concrete, and 27.7kg calcium nitrite was added during the mixing process. According to the design requirements, the prepared concrete was poured in the mold of step 2. When the concrete thickness reached 5cm, a steel mesh was placed, and then the subsequent concrete was poured. After pouring, the air bubbles were removed by vibration to ensure the density and strength of the concrete.

[0045] 4. Lay the insulation board and carbon fiber heating film: When the concrete reaches the initial setting state after vibration in step 3, place the insulation board and carbon fiber heating film in sequence, and wrap the electric heating film insulating putty at the joint between the external wire and the carbon fiber heating film.

[0046] 5. Preparation of 5cm thick concrete slab: After completing step 4, pour the concrete prepared in step 3 on the carbon fiber heating film according to the design requirements. When the concrete thickness reaches 2cm, place the steel mesh and then pour the subsequent concrete. After pouring, vibrate to remove bubbles and finally evenly spread a layer of rubber particles with a diameter of 0.2mm.

[0047] 6. Curing and demoulding: After 14 days of curing, demoulding will be carried out, and if it passes the inspection, it is the pavement component unit.

[0048] The process of prefabricating the windshield structure in the factory is as follows: (1) designing a mold according to the side shape of the product obtained in step 6, so that the height of the windshield structure is 45 cm, the length is 200 cm, and the width is 10 cm, and grooves are formed in the middle and at both ends of the windshield structure to form butterfly-shaped mortise joints with the grooves on the long sides of the concrete slab obtained in step 6; (2) 461 kg of cement, 512 kg of sand, 1252 kg of crushed stone, and 175 kg of water are mixed to prepare concrete, and 13.8 kg of calcium nitrite is added during the mixing process. According to the design requirements, the prepared concrete is poured into the mold, and after pouring, it is vibrated to remove bubbles; (3) demoulding and inspection are carried out after curing for 14 days.

[0049] At the construction site, multiple pavement component units are assembled into a pavement through butterfly joints, and wires are used to connect the solar panels, distribution boxes, and external wires of the carbon fiber heating film in sequence. The carbon fiber heating film is powered by the solar panels. When the temperature is below 0℃, the heating function is activated and the heating power is adjusted according to the ice melting needs.

[0050] Construction method

[0051] During the construction process in high-altitude cold areas, the specific steps are as follows:

[0052] Site preparation: Clean the construction site and perform ground treatment to ensure that the foundation is flat and stable. Mark the installation location of the pavement slabs according to the design drawings.

[0053] Installation of pavement panels: The prefabricated pavement structure is hoisted to the designated location by lifting equipment and tightly connected using mortise and tenon structures. Each panel should be kept level to ensure the flatness of the entire pavement.

[0054] Joint treatment: Fill the joints of the pavement structure with waterproof materials and reinforce the connections to ensure the sealing and stability between the panels.

[0055] Ice melting system wiring: Use wires to connect the solar panels, distribution boxes, and external wires of the carbon fiber heating film in sequence, and test the integrity and functionality of the circuit to ensure that the system can work properly.

[0056] Working Principle and Maintenance of Ice Melting System

[0057] The carbon fiber heating film is powered by solar panels. When the temperature is below 0°C, the heating function is activated and the heating power is adjusted according to the ice melting needs.

[0058] In summary, the present invention realizes the efficient application of precast concrete pavement in high-cold areas through reasonable structural design and optimized production process. The pavement structure of the present invention not only has the advantages of strong antifreeze performance, high ice melting efficiency, and convenient installation, but also significantly shortens the construction period through modular design and mechanized construction, reduces environmental impact and construction difficulty.

[0059] The core innovations of the present invention are: Modular design of pavement structure: focus on protecting the structural design of precast concrete pavement panels and their modular production methods, especially the technical solution of achieving close connection and convenient installation between panels through mortise and tenon structure. Ice-melting system of carbon fiber heating film: protect the carbon fiber heating film embedded in the pavement structure and its supporting solar power generation panels, especially the technical design for optimizing ice-melting efficiency and improving heat utilization efficiency under climatic conditions in high-cold areas. Synergistic effect of insulation board and windshield structure: protect the combined design of setting insulation board at the bottom of the heating film and setting windshield structure on both sides of the pavement to reduce heat loss and improve the overall ice-melting effect. Construction methods suitable for high-cold areas: focus on protecting the construction methods of precast concrete pavement panels suitable for high-cold areas, covering the entire process from panel production, transportation to on-site installation, especially construction optimization measures for high-cold conditions. Application of low-energy and environmental protection technologies: protect the carbon fiber heating film powered by solar power panels, especially its low-energy consumption and high-efficiency ice-melting function design in high-cold environments.

[0060] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims

1. An assembled pavement structure suitable for use in alpine regions, the assembled pavement structure comprising a pavement component unit and a windshield structure, and the specific components are as follows: The pavement component units are, from bottom to top, concrete slab, insulation board, carbon fiber heating film, and concrete slab in order; the pavement component units are rectangular, and the four corners and the middle of the two long sides are all mortise and tenon grooves, and the mortise and tenon grooves are assembled with the tenons on one side of the butterfly tenon to form a mortise and tenon structure, and the adjacent pavement component units are fixedly connected by the mortise and tenon structure; the lower surface of the concrete slab on the upper layer is sunken to form a groove for accommodating the insulation board and the carbon fiber heating film; the carbon fiber heating film is composed of a carbon fiber electric heating film, electric heating film insulating clay, and an external wire; The windshield structure is a side wall of the assembled pavement structure, wherein the grooves in the middle and at both ends form butterfly-shaped mortises with the corresponding grooves on the long sides of the pavement component units, and are fixedly connected by butterfly tenons; The pavement component unit is prefabricated in a factory, and its manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1.1) Raw material preparation: select cement, sand, gravel, steel mesh, insulation board and carbon fiber heating film that meet the design requirements; (1.2) Mould production: A standardized mould is produced according to the design requirements. The inner cavity of the mould is a rectangular groove. The butterfly tenon is divided into two halves along the axis of symmetry. The halves of the divided butterfly tenon are fixed at the four corners of the rectangular groove and the middle of the two long sides. The produced mould is used to form a pavement component unit; (1.3) Preparation of the concrete slab at the lower layer: Mix cement, sand, gravel and water according to the designed proportion to prepare concrete, and add an appropriate amount of antifreeze agent during the mixing process; pour the prepared concrete in the mold of step 2 according to the design requirements. When the concrete thickness reaches half, place the steel mesh, and then pour the subsequent concrete. After pouring, vibrate to eliminate bubbles to ensure the density and strength of the concrete; (1.4) Laying insulation board and carbon fiber heating film: When the concrete reaches the initial setting state after vibration in step 3, place the insulation board and carbon fiber heating film in sequence, and wrap the electric heating film insulation putty at the joint between the external wire and the carbon fiber heating film; (1.5) Preparation of the upper concrete slab: After completing step 4, mix cement, sand, gravel and water according to the designed mix ratio to prepare concrete, and add an appropriate amount of antifreeze agent during the mixing process; According to the design requirements, pour the prepared concrete on the carbon fiber heating film. When the concrete thickness reaches 1 / 3~1 / 2, place the steel mesh and then pour the subsequent concrete. After pouring, vibrate to remove bubbles and finally evenly spread a layer of rubber particles. (1.6) Curing and demoulding: After curing, demoulding is performed and the pavement component unit is qualified after inspection; The process of prefabricating the windshield structure in the factory is as follows: (2.1) designing a mold according to the side shape of the product obtained in step 6, so that the height of the windshield structure exceeds the height of the pavement component unit, the length matches the length of the pavement component unit, and grooves are formed in the middle and at both ends of the windshield structure to form butterfly-shaped mortises with the grooves on the long sides of the concrete slab obtained in step 6; (2.2) Mix cement, sand, gravel and water to prepare concrete according to the designed proportions, and add an appropriate amount of antifreeze agent during the mixing process; pour the prepared concrete into the mold according to the design requirements, and after pouring, vibrate to remove bubbles; (2.3) Demould and inspect after 14 days of curing; At the construction site, multiple pavement component units are assembled into a pavement of the pavement structure through butterfly joints, and then the windshield structure is fixed to the pavement component units through butterfly joints to form the side walls of the pavement structure. Wires are used to connect the solar panels, distribution boxes, and external wires of the carbon fiber heating film in sequence. The carbon fiber heating film is powered by the solar panels, and the heating function is activated when the temperature is below 0°C.

2. The assembled pavement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps 1.3, 1.5 and 2.2, the mass ratio of cement, sand, gravel and water is 1:1.11:2.72:0.38; the antifreeze agent is calcium nitrite, and its added mass is 3% of the added mass of cement.

3. A construction method of an assembled pavement structure suitable for use in high-cold areas according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps during the construction process in the high-cold areas: (1) Site preparation: clean the construction site and perform ground treatment to ensure that the foundation is flat and stable; mark the installation location of the pavement slabs according to the design drawings; (2) Pavement slab installation: The prefabricated pavement structure is hoisted to the designated location by lifting equipment and tightly connected using mortise and tenon structures; each slab should be kept level; (3) Joint treatment: Fill the joints of the pavement structure with waterproof materials and reinforce the connections; (4) Wiring of ice melting system: Use wires to connect the solar panels, distribution boxes, and external wires of carbon fiber heating film in sequence, and test the integrity and functionality of the circuit.

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