Force measuring support and sensor replacement and in-situ calibration method in service state of force measuring support

Abstract

The invention discloses a force measuring support and a sensor replacement and in-situ calibration method in a service state of the force measuring support. The method comprises the following steps: S1, calibrating a new sensor; s2, the driving mechanism applies gradually-increased horizontal or lateral force to the two adjusting blocks on the support body, and the value of the applied horizontal or lateral force when the height of the support body rises or stops rising is recorded; s3, observing the distance between the two adjusting blocks and / or the data of the built-in sensor until the distance between the two adjusting blocks reaches a set value and / or the built-in sensor is in a disengaging state, and replacing the calibrated new sensor; s4, gradually reducing the horizontal or lateral force value applied to the two adjusting blocks by the driving mechanism until the driving mechanism is completely unloaded, and recording a new force value of the sensor between the two adjusting blocks at the moment; and S5, obtaining a standard counter-force of the support body based on a mechanical equilibrium relationship between the vertical or axial force and the horizontal or lateral force in the ascending and descending states, and calibrating a counter-force monitoring value of the support body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of structural engineering, and in particular to a force measuring support and a sensor replacement and in-situ calibration method thereof in a service state. Background Art

[0002] In bridges or building structures, in order to adapt to the horizontal displacement, rotation angle and vibration reduction caused by climate influences (such as temperature changes, air pressure rise and fall, etc.) and uneven stress, it is necessary to install bearings to reliably transfer the reaction force of the upper structure to the lower structure, thereby reducing and eliminating the impact of the deformation of the upper structure on the lower structure. Generally, it is required to make bearings with vertical bearing capacity, rotation performance and horizontal displacement performance. In most cases, conventional spherical bearings already have the above functions and can meet the needs of engineering design. However, in some cases, especially in coastal areas, the rock structure is weak and the wind force is frequent. Some fulcrums will have tension or the structural foundation will drop. At this time, there will be requirements for the force measurement performance and performance adjustment performance of the bearing. Currently, bearings with adjustable force measurement do not have anti-pullout function, so there is a risk of beam falling during service, which greatly reduces the safety of the bearing and makes the safety of the bridge structure unable to be guaranteed. Furthermore, during the long-term service of a force measuring bearing body, the sensor readings will drift, resulting in inaccurate readings, so the measured vertical force is also inaccurate, and the safety of the bridge cannot be guaranteed. The current bearing bodies cannot effectively realize in-situ calibration and need to be disassembled and calibrated in the factory. At the same time, sensors with inaccurate readings also need to be replaced in time to ensure that the monitored vertical force data is more accurate. However, the current sensor replacement method is relatively complicated and the replacement process is cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a force measuring bearing and a method for replacing and calibrating the sensor in situ when the bearing is in service, so that the bearing body has good tensile strength and greatly reduces the risk of falling beams. At the same time, the bearing body can be calibrated in situ without removing the bearing body, which is convenient and fast. At the same time, the sensor can be replaced quickly to ensure the accuracy of the force data and the safety of the bridge.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0005] The sensor replacement and in-situ calibration method in the service state includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Calibrate the new sensor;

[0007] S2: The side of the support body is connected to a driving mechanism, which applies a gradually increasing horizontal or lateral force to the two adjustment blocks on the support body, and records the horizontal or lateral force value applied when the support body rises or stops rising;

[0008] S3: Observe the distance between the two adjustment blocks and / or the force measurement data of the built-in sensor until the distance between the two adjustment blocks reaches the set value and / or the built-in sensor is in an empty state, lock the drive mechanism, and replace with a calibrated new sensor;

[0009] S4: The driving mechanism gradually reduces the horizontal or lateral force applied to the two adjustment blocks, the height of the support body decreases, and the distance between the two adjustment blocks decreases until the driving mechanism is completely unloaded, and the new force value of the sensor between the two adjustment blocks is recorded at this time;

[0010] S5: Based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the vertical or axial force and the horizontal or lateral force in the two states of rising and falling, the standard reaction force of the support body is obtained, and the reaction force monitoring value of the support body is calibrated.

[0011] Optionally, the horizontal or lateral force formed by the mechanical conversion of the adjustment block acts completely on the sensor. The sensor readings are combined with the inclination angle and friction coefficient of the adjustment block to perform a mechanical balance analysis to obtain a standard reaction force. The standard reaction force is compared with the reaction force monitoring value to calibrate the force on the support body.

[0012] A force measuring support comprises a support body arranged between an upper structure and a lower structure, the support body comprises a first base having a first basin cavity and a second base having a second basin cavity, the first base is connected to the lower structure, the second base is slidably arranged in the first basin cavity, a rotating body is slidably arranged in the second basin cavity, a force measuring height adjustment mechanism is arranged above the rotating body, the force measuring height adjustment mechanism is connected to the upper structure, a first tensile component for limiting the vertical displacement of the second base is arranged on the top surface of the first base, and a second tensile component for limiting the vertical displacement of the rotating seat is arranged on the top surface of the second base.

[0013] The two structural members, the upper structural member and the lower structural member, are the main parts to be connected and supported by the support. The support body mainly includes a first base and a second base. The first base has a first basin cavity, which is connected to the lower structural member to provide basic support. The second base is slidably arranged in the first basin cavity and can be laterally displaced as needed. The rotating body is located in the second basin cavity of the second base and can slide therein. The design of the rotating body allows rotation or tilting when necessary to adapt to different force conditions. The force measuring and height adjusting mechanism is arranged above the rotating body and connected to the upper structural member. The force measuring and height adjusting mechanism can not only provide a connection between the structural members, but also can measure the force borne in real time. , and adjust the height of the upper structure as needed to adapt to different usage scenarios and stress conditions. The first tensile component is arranged on the top surface of the first base, and its function is to limit the vertical displacement of the second base to ensure that it does not move excessively or detach when subjected to tension. The second tensile component is arranged on the top surface of the second base to limit the vertical displacement of the rotating body to ensure that it can remain stable when subjected to force. The first tensile component and the second tensile component make the bearing have a strong tensile resistance and can resist external tension, ensuring the stability of the structural parts, greatly reducing the risk of falling beams in bridge engineering, improving the safety of the bearings, and ensuring the safety of the bridge structure.

[0014] Optionally, the first tensile assembly includes a first fixed plate and a first tensile plate, the first fixed plate is arranged on the top surface of the first base and is located outside the second base, the first fixed plate and the top surface of the first base constitute a first pelvic cavity, the first tensile plate is arranged on the top surface of the first fixed plate, the first tensile plate and the first fixed plate constitute an L-shape, the first tensile plate is located above the second base, one end of the first tensile plate is located above the end of the second base and overlaps but does not contact, the first fixed plate and the first base are integrally formed or welded, and the first tensile plate, the first fixed plate, the first base, and the lower structure are bolted together.

[0015] Optionally, the distance between the bottom surface of the first tensile plate and the top surface of the first base is adapted to the thickness of the second base.

[0016] Optionally, the second anti-tensile assembly includes a second fixed plate and a second anti-tensile plate, the second fixed plate is fixed to the top surface of the second base and is located outside the rotating body, a second pelvic cavity is formed between the second fixed plate and the second base, the second anti-tensile plate is arranged on the top surface of the second fixed plate, the second anti-tensile plate and the second fixed plate form an L-shape, a transfer groove adapted to the second anti-tensile plate is provided on the side of the rotating body, and the second anti-tensile plate extends into the assembly groove to limit the vertical displacement of the rotating body.

[0017] Optionally, the rotating body includes an intermediate plate and a spherical crown lining plate, the intermediate plate is connected to the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism, the bottom surface of the intermediate plate is a concave spherical surface, the top surface of the spherical crown lining plate is a convex spherical surface adapted to the concave spherical surface, the intermediate plate is rotatably arranged above the spherical crown lining plate, the bottom surface of the spherical crown lining plate is slidably arranged in the second pelvic cavity, and the assembly groove is opened on the side of the intermediate plate.

[0018] Optionally, a limit plate protruding outward is provided circumferentially at the lower end of the intermediate plate, the bottom surface of the limit plate is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the concave spherical surface, the top surface of the limit plate is an inclined surface adapted to the bottom surface of the second tensile plate, one end of the second tensile plate is located above the limit plate and overlaps but does not contact, and a mounting plate connected to the force measuring height adjustment mechanism is provided circumferentially at the upper end of the intermediate plate, and the assembly groove is formed between the mounting plate and the limit plate.

[0019] Optionally, the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism includes a top plate, an adjusting block, and a sensor. The top surface of the top plate is bolted to the upper structure, and the bottom surface of the top plate is bolted to the mounting plates on both sides of the middle plate. Two adjusting blocks are symmetrically provided and located between the top plate and the middle plate. The top surface of the adjusting block is in oblique straight surface contact with the bottom surface of the top plate. The sensor is pressed between the two adjusting blocks, and the sensor is electrically connected to an external controller.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a driving mechanism, which is a hydraulic jack. One end of the hydraulic jack acts on an adjustment block, and the other end acts on another adjustment block. The hydraulic jack is laterally extended and retracted to adjust the distance between the two adjustment blocks and thus adjust the height of the top plate.

[0021] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, the first anti-tensile component is arranged on the top surface of the first base, and its function is to limit the vertical displacement of the second base, ensuring that it will not move excessively or detach when subjected to tension. The second anti-tensile component is arranged on the top surface of the second base, and its function is to limit the vertical displacement of the rotating body, ensuring that it can remain stable when subjected to force. The first anti-tensile component and the second anti-tensile component make the support have a strong anti-tensile pull-out ability, can withstand external tension, ensure the stability of the structural parts, greatly reduce the risk of falling beams in bridge engineering, improve the safety of the support, and also ensure the safety of the bridge structure.

[0023] 2. During the long-term service of the bearing body in the present invention, it is necessary to carry out force detection on the supporting part within a period of time to determine whether the force data meets the design requirements. First, the vertical or axial force value of the bearing body is obtained, and the standard reaction force of the bearing body is obtained based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the vertical or axial force and the horizontal or lateral force in the two states of rising and falling. The reaction force monitoring value of the bearing body is calibrated. The vertical or axial force data of the bearing body after calibration is more accurate, and the safety of the bridge is guaranteed.

[0024] 3. The force measuring and height adjusting device of the present invention installs the sensor original between the two adjusting blocks and increases the relative distance between the two adjusting blocks at the same time, so that the sensor is not subjected to pressure, and the sensor can be directly taken out, and then a new sensor is installed, and the two adjusting blocks are restored to their initial positions, thereby quickly and easily completing the replacement of the sensor, making the force data monitored in the later stage more accurate, avoiding the inability to know when the force is abnormal, and improving the safety of the bridge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view half-section structure schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the force on one of the adjusting blocks when the two adjusting blocks are away from each other;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the force on one of the adjusting blocks when the two adjusting blocks are close to each other.

[0029] Figure markings: 1-upper structure, 2-lower structure, 3-first base, 4-second base, 5-first fixed plate, 6-first tensile plate, 7-first pelvic cavity, 8-second fixed plate, 9-second pelvic cavity, 10-limiting plate, 11-second tensile plate, 12-top plate, 13-middle plate, 14-assembly groove, 15-mounting plate, 16-adjusting block, 17-sensor, 18-driving mechanism, 19-controller, 20-spherical crown lining, 21-concave spherical surface, 22-convex spherical surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "opened", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A force measuring support comprises a support body arranged between an upper structure 1 and a lower structure 2, wherein the support body comprises a first base 3 having a first basin cavity 7 and a second base 4 having a second basin cavity 9, wherein the first base 3 is connected to the lower structure 2, the second base 4 is slidably arranged in the first basin cavity 7, a rotating body is slidably arranged in the second basin cavity 9, a force measuring height adjustment mechanism is arranged above the rotating body, the force measuring height adjustment mechanism is connected to the upper structure 1, a first tensile component for limiting the vertical displacement of the second base 4 is arranged on the top surface of the first base 3, and a second tensile component for limiting the vertical displacement of the rotating seat is arranged on the top surface of the second base 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper structure 1 and the lower structure 2 are the main parts to be connected and supported by the support. The upper structure 1 is a beam body, and the lower structure 2 is a beam or a pier. The support body mainly includes a first base 3 and a second base 4. The first base 3 has a first basin 7, which is connected to the lower structure 2 to provide basic support. The second base 4 is slidably arranged in the first basin 7 and can be laterally displaced as needed. The rotating body is located in the second basin 9 of the second base 4 and can slide therein. The design of the rotating body allows it to be rotated or tilted when necessary to adapt to different force conditions. The force measuring and height adjusting mechanism is arranged above the rotating body and connected to the upper structure 1. The force measuring and height adjusting mechanism can not only provide a connection between the structural members, The force measuring and height adjusting mechanism can measure the force it is borne in real time, and adjust the height of the upper structure 1 as needed to adapt to different usage scenarios and stress conditions. The first tensile component is arranged on the top surface of the first base 3, and its function is to limit the vertical displacement of the second base 4 to ensure that it does not move excessively or detach when subjected to tension. The second tensile component is arranged on the top surface of the second base 4 to limit the vertical displacement of the rotating body to ensure that it can remain stable when subjected to force. The first tensile component and the second tensile component make the bearing have a strong tensile resistance and can withstand external tension, ensuring the stability of the structural parts. In bridge engineering, the risk of falling beams is greatly reduced, the safety of the bearings is improved, and the safety of the bridge structure is also guaranteed.

[0036] Furthermore, the first tensile assembly includes a first fixed plate 5 and a first tensile plate 6. The first fixed plate 5 is arranged on the top surface of the first base 3 and is located outside the second base 4. The first fixed plate 5 and the top surface of the first base 3 constitute a first pelvic cavity 7. The first tensile plate 6 is arranged on the top surface of the first fixed plate 5. The first tensile plate 6 and the first fixed plate 5 form an L shape. The first tensile plate 6 is located above the second base 4. One end of the first tensile plate 6 is located above the end of the second base 4 and overlaps but does not contact.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first fixing plate 5 is arranged on the top surface of the first base 3 and is located on the outside of the second base 4. The first fixing plate 5 and the top surface of the first base 3 together constitute a first basin cavity 7, which provides space for the sliding of the second base 4. The first tensile plate 6 is arranged on the top surface of the first fixing plate 5 and forms an L-shaped structure with the first fixing plate 5. The first tensile plate 6 is located above the second base 4, and its function is to limit the displacement of the second base 4 in the vertical direction. One end of the first tensile plate 6 is located above the end of the second base 4 and overlaps with the second base 4 but does not contact it, ensuring that when the second base 4 moves in the vertical direction, the first tensile plate 6 can provide necessary support and restriction, while avoiding direct friction and contact between the two. The first tensile component provides strong tensile support for the second base 4 through its L-shaped structure and overlapping design with the second base 4. This design ensures that when the support is subjected to external tension, the second base 4 can remain stable and will not move excessively or detach due to the tension. The first tensile plate 6 is located above the second base 4 and provides a limit to the vertical displacement of the second base 4 through its overlapping but non-contacting design. This design makes the second base 4 more stable when moving and reduces shaking caused by vibration or external force. Since the first tensile plate 6 overlaps with the second base 4 but does not contact, direct friction and contact between the two are avoided, which reduces the wear caused by friction and thus extends the service life of the support. In summary, the first tensile component of this kind of force measuring support provides strong tensile support and stability for the entire support through its unique design and function, ensuring the safety and reliability of the support under various stress conditions and avoiding the risk of falling beams.

[0038] Furthermore, the first fixing plate 5 and the first base 3 are integrally formed or welded, and the first tensile plate 6, the first fixing plate 5, the first base 3, and the lower structure 2 are connected by bolts.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first fixing plate 5 and the first base 3 can be integrally formed, that is, the two are directly processed as a whole during the manufacturing process, which ensures the integrity and strength of the structure. Another connection method is welding. The first fixing plate 5 and the first base 3 are firmly connected together by welding technology, which can also achieve high structural strength and stability. The first tensile plate 6, the first fixing plate 5, the first base 3 and the lower structure 2 are assembled by bolt connection. The bolt connection has the advantages of detachability, reusability, and easy installation. The pre-tightening force of the bolts can be adjusted as needed to ensure the tightness and stability of the connection. The integral molding or welding connection method can ensure that the first fixing plate 5 and the first base 3 are firmly connected. The bolt connection method makes the entire support more convenient and flexible during assembly and disassembly, and can be adjusted and maintained as needed. The bolt connection can also withstand greater tension and shear forces, ensuring the stability and safety of the support when subjected to external forces. The first tensile plate 6 can effectively limit the displacement of the second base 4 in the vertical direction, thereby improving the tensile performance of the support. The bolt connection method allows the height of the entire support to be adjusted as needed to adapt to different usage scenarios and stress conditions. In summary, this kind of force measuring support ensures its stability and safety during use through a reasonable connection method and structural design, and has the characteristics of convenience, flexibility and adjustability.

[0040] Furthermore, the distance between the bottom surface of the first tensile plate 6 and the top surface of the first base 3 is adapted to the thickness of the second base 4 .

[0041] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the distance between the bottom surface of the first tensile plate 6 and the top surface of the first base 3 directly affects the stability and smoothness of the second base 4 during the sliding process, and the distance needs to be adapted to the thickness of the second base 4, which means that when the second base 4 slides in the first pelvic cavity 7, its thickness should be slightly less than or equal to the distance between the bottom surface of the first tensile plate 6 and the top surface of the first base 3. This adaptability ensures that the second base 4 will not directly collide or rub with the first tensile plate 6 during the sliding process, thereby reducing wear and noise and increasing the service life of the support.

[0042] Furthermore, the second anti-tensile assembly includes a second fixed plate 8 and a second anti-tensile plate 11. The second fixed plate 8 is fixed to the top surface of the second base 4 and is located outside the rotating body. A second pelvic cavity 9 is formed between the second fixed plate 8 and the second base 4. The second anti-tensile plate 11 is arranged on the top surface of the second fixed plate 8. The second anti-tensile plate 11 and the second fixed plate 8 form an L shape. A transfer groove adapted to the second anti-tensile plate 11 is provided on the side of the rotating body. The second anti-tensile plate 11 extends into the assembly groove 14 to limit the vertical displacement of the rotating body.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second fixing plate 8 is fixed on the top surface of the second base 4 and is located on the outside of the rotating body. A second basin cavity 9 is formed between the second fixing plate 8 and the second base 4 to provide space for the sliding of the rotating body. The second tensile plate 11 is arranged on the top surface of the second fixing plate 8 and forms an L-shaped structure with the second fixing plate 8. This L-shaped design enables the second tensile plate 11 to effectively limit the displacement of the rotating body in the vertical direction. The side of the rotating body is provided with an assembly groove 14 adapted to the second tensile plate 11. The second tensile plate 11 extends into the assembly groove 14, thereby limiting the movement of the rotating body in the vertical direction. The second tensile plate 11 extends into the rotating body. In the assembly groove 14, the second tensile assembly can effectively limit the displacement of the rotating body in the vertical direction, which ensures that the rotating body will not move excessively when subjected to external force, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire support. The L-shaped second tensile plate 11 is used in combination with the second fixed plate 8, so that the entire second tensile assembly has higher structural stability. This design can resist external forces from all directions and ensure that the support can remain stable under various working conditions. The second tensile plate 11 is adapted to the assembly groove 14 on the rotating body, making the assembly process of the entire assembly simple and quick. This design improves the installation efficiency of the support and reduces the installation cost. In summary, the second tensile assembly of this kind of force measuring support effectively limits the displacement of the rotating body in the vertical direction through its unique design and function, ensuring the stability and safety of the entire support. At the same time, its simple assembly method also improves the installation efficiency and ease of use of the support.

[0044] Furthermore, the rotating body includes an intermediate plate 13 and a spherical crown lining plate 20. The intermediate plate 13 is connected to the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism. The bottom surface of the intermediate plate 13 is a concave spherical surface 21. The top surface of the spherical crown lining plate 20 is a convex spherical surface 22 adapted to the concave spherical surface 21. The intermediate plate 13 is rotatably arranged above the spherical crown lining plate 20. The bottom surface of the spherical crown lining plate 20 is slidably arranged in the second pelvic cavity 9. The assembly groove 14 is opened on the side of the intermediate plate 13.

[0045] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the middle plate 13 is the main component of the rotating body, which is connected to the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism to play the role of transmission and support. The bottom surface of the middle plate 13 is designed as a concave spherical surface 21, which can form a good match with the convex spherical surface 22 of the spherical crown lining plate 20, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotating body on the spherical crown lining plate 20. The spherical crown lining plate 20 is located below the middle plate 13, and its top surface is a convex spherical surface 22, which is adapted to the concave spherical surface 21 of the middle plate 13. The bottom surface of the spherical crown lining plate 20 is slidably arranged in the second basin cavity 9 of the second base 4, which enables the entire rotating body to slide and rotate on the second base 4. The assembly groove 14 is opened on the side of the middle plate 13 for matching with the second tensile plate 11. When the second tensile plate 11 extends into the assembly groove 14, it can effectively limit the middle plate 13 (i.e., the rotating body) in the vertical direction. The displacement in the horizontal direction ensures the stability of the rotating body. The concave spherical surface 21 and the convex spherical surface 22 between the middle plate 13 and the spherical cap lining plate 20 are designed in cooperation, so that the rotating body can rotate freely on the spherical cap lining plate 20, so as to adapt to different stress conditions and angle requirements. The bottom surface of the spherical cap lining plate 20 is slidably arranged in the second basin cavity 9 of the second base 4, which enables the entire rotating body to not only slide in the horizontal direction, but also to be fine-tuned in the vertical direction to adapt to different height requirements. The second tensile plate 11 extends into the assembly groove 14 of the middle plate 13 to limit the displacement of the rotating body in the vertical direction, thereby improving the stability of the entire support. The design of the rotating body is compact, and the various components are closely matched, so that the entire support has high structural strength and durability while maintaining functionality. In summary, the rotating body part of this kind of force measuring support not only realizes the functions of rotation and sliding through its unique design and function, but also ensures the stability and safety of the entire support. This design enables the support to adapt to different stress conditions and angle requirements, and improves its flexibility and reliability in use.

[0046] Furthermore, a limit plate 10 protruding outward is circumferentially provided at the lower end of the intermediate plate 13, the bottom surface of the limit plate 10 is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the concave spherical surface 21, the top surface of the limit plate 10 is an inclined surface adapted to the bottom surface of the second tensile plate 11, one end of the second tensile plate 11 is located above the limit plate 10 and overlaps but does not contact, and a mounting plate 15 connected to the force measuring height adjustment mechanism is circumferentially provided at the upper end of the intermediate plate 13, and the assembly groove 14 is formed between the mounting plate 15 and the limit plate 10.

[0047] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a limit plate 10 protruding outward is circumferentially provided at the lower end of the middle plate 13. The limit plate 10 has two main functions: one is to cooperate with the second tensile plate 11 to limit the displacement of the rotating body in the vertical direction; the other is to adapt to the concave spherical surface 21 to increase the stability of the middle plate 13 on the spherical crown lining 20. The bottom surface of the limit plate 10 is designed as an arc surface adapted to the concave spherical surface 21, so that the limit plate 10 can better fit on the convex spherical surface 22 of the spherical crown lining 20, thereby increasing the stability and smoothness of the rotation of the middle plate 13. The top surface of the limit plate 10 is an inclined surface adapted to the bottom surface of the second tensile plate 11. The design of this inclined surface is to facilitate the second tensile plate 11 to extend into and form an overlapping but non-contacting state with the limit plate 10, which not only ensures the limiting effect but also avoids direct friction. A mounting plate 15 connected to the force measuring height adjustment mechanism is circumferentially provided at the upper end of the middle plate 13. This mounting plate 15 is the key part connecting the middle plate 13 and the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism. It bears the force from the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism and transmits these forces to the entire rotating body. The assembly groove 14 is located between the mounting plate 15 and the limit plate 10. It is the position where the second tensile plate 11 extends into and cooperates with the limit plate 10. The design of this assembly groove 14 must take into account the size and shape of the second tensile plate 11 to ensure that the two can fit closely without interfering with each other. The adaptation design of the limit plate 10 and the concave spherical surface 21 increases the stability of the middle plate 13 on the spherical crown lining 20, making the rotating body more stable during rotation and sliding. The overlapping but non-contact design of the second tensile plate 11 and the limit plate 10 not only ensures the limitation of the vertical displacement of the rotating body, but also avoids direct friction and prolongs the service life. The design of the mounting plate 15 makes the connection between the middle plate 13 and the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism more convenient, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the entire support.

[0048] In summary, the design of the middle plate 13 fully considers the stability of the rotating body and the cooperation with the second tensile plate 11, so that the entire force measuring support has excellent performance and is easy to install and use.

[0049] Furthermore, the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism includes a top plate 12, an adjusting block 16, and a sensor 17. The top surface of the top plate 12 is bolted to the upper structure 1, and the bottom surface of the top plate 12 is bolted to the mounting plates 15 on both sides of the middle plate 13. Two adjusting blocks 16 are symmetrically provided and located between the top plate 12 and the middle plate 13. The top surface of the adjusting block 16 is in oblique straight surface contact with the bottom surface of the top plate 12. The sensor 17 is pressed between the two adjusting blocks 16, and the sensor 17 is electrically connected to an external controller 19.

[0050] Furthermore, it also includes a driving mechanism 18, which is a hydraulic jack. One end of the hydraulic jack acts on one adjusting block 16, and the other end acts on another adjusting block 16. The hydraulic jack is laterally extended and retracted to adjust the distance between the two adjusting blocks 16 and thus adjust the height of the top plate 12.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top surface of the top plate 12 is connected to the upper structure 1 by bolts, thereby achieving a close connection with the upper structure. The bottom surface of the top plate 12 is bolted to the mounting plates 15 on both sides of the middle plate 13, ensuring a stable connection between the middle plate 13 and the force measuring and height adjusting mechanism. Two adjusting blocks 16 are symmetrically arranged. The adjusting blocks 16 are wedge-shaped and are located between the top plate 12 and the middle plate 13. Their top surfaces are in contact with the bottom surface of the top plate 12 through oblique straight surfaces. This design enables the adjusting blocks 16 to produce relative displacement when subjected to external force, thereby achieving an adjustment function. The sensor 17 is pressed between the two adjusting blocks 16 to monitor the magnitude of the force between the adjusting blocks 16 in real time. The sensor 17 is electrically connected to an external controller 19, and the measured force value can be transmitted to the controller 19 for further control and adjustment. The strain gauge pressure sensor used in the sensor 17 monitors the force in real time through the sensor 17. By measuring the lateral force value between the adjustment blocks 16, and then obtaining the vertical force value of the support after mechanical conversion through the wedge-shaped adjustment block 16, the load condition borne by the support can be understood, providing a basis for control and adjustment. When the height needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to loosen the connecting bolts between the top plate 12 and the middle plate 13 first, and then the height of the top plate 12 can be adjusted through the relative displacement of the adjustment block 16, so as to adapt to different height requirements. One end of the hydraulic jack acts on one adjustment block 16, and the other end acts on the other adjustment block 16. When the hydraulic jack is extended and retracted laterally, it will push the two adjustment blocks 16 to move toward or away from each other, thereby changing the distance between them. When the two adjustment blocks 16 are relatively close, the height of the top plate 12 rises, and vice versa. The hydraulic jack, as a driving mechanism 18, has the advantages of stability, reliability, high power, and a wide adjustment range, and can meet the adjustment requirements under different working conditions. The design of the entire force measuring height adjustment mechanism and its driving mechanism 18 enables a force measuring support to have functions such as real-time load monitoring and precise height adjustment. This design not only improves the stability and safety of the support, but also increases its flexibility and convenience in use.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The sensor replacement and in-situ calibration method in the service state includes the following steps:

[0054] S1: calibrate the new sensor 17;

[0055] S2: The side of the support body is connected to the driving mechanism 18, and the driving mechanism 18 applies a gradually increasing horizontal or lateral force to the two adjustment blocks 16 on the support body, and records the horizontal or lateral force value applied when the support body rises or stops rising;

[0056] S3: Observe the distance between the two adjustment blocks 16 and / or the force measurement data of the built-in sensor 17 until the distance between the two adjustment blocks 16 reaches the set value and / or the built-in sensor 17 is in an empty state, lock the drive mechanism, and replace with a calibrated new sensor 17;

[0057] S4: the driving mechanism 18 gradually reduces the horizontal or lateral force applied to the two adjusting blocks 16, the height of the support body decreases, and the distance between the two adjusting blocks 16 decreases until the driving mechanism 18 is completely unloaded, and the new force value of the sensor 17 between the two adjusting blocks 16 is recorded;

[0058] S5: Based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the vertical or axial force and the horizontal or lateral force in the two states of rising and falling, the standard reaction force of the support body is obtained, and the reaction force monitoring value of the support body is calibrated.

[0059] Furthermore, the horizontal or lateral force formed after the mechanical conversion of the adjustment block 16 acts completely on the sensor 17. The sensor 17 reads the value and performs a mechanical balance analysis in combination with the inclination angle and friction coefficient of the adjustment block 16 to obtain a standard reaction force. The standard reaction force is compared with the reaction force monitoring value to calibrate the force of the support body.

[0060] In this embodiment, the support body is installed horizontally, and the vertical force is the axial force. Its vertical force value is the load of the upper beam. Within the set time interval, the vertical force value of the support body is obtained, and the driving mechanism 18 applies horizontal or lateral force to the two adjustment blocks 16, and records the two force values ​​applied when the height of the upper structure 1 is raised and lowered respectively. The standard value of the vertical force is obtained based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the two states. The standard value is the standard reaction force. The vertical force of the support body is calibrated in combination with the standard value; the relationship between the vertical force and the horizontal force can be obtained according to the force values ​​applied twice.

[0061] It should be noted that this relationship is derived from the following: Figure 3 As shown, when the two adjustment blocks 16 move away from each other and cause the height of the structural member to rise, the actual vertical force on the structural member is P, and the actual vertical force transmitted to each adjustment block 16 is P / 2. It can be obtained that f1=Nup×υ1, f2=υ2×P / 2, the slope angle of the adjustment block 16 is θ, and after decomposing Nup and f1 on the adjustment block 16, Nup=P / 2(cosθ-υ1×sinθ), then Tup=f2+{P(tanθ+υ1) / 2(1-υ1tanθ)}; Figure 4As shown in FIG. 1 , when the two adjustment blocks 16 are close to each other and cause the height of the structural member to drop, the actual vertical force on the structural member is still P, and the actual vertical force transmitted to each adjustment block 16 is P / 2, so f3 = N × υ1, f4 = υ2 × P / 2, and after N and f3 are decomposed on the adjustment block 16, N = P / 2 (cosθ + υ1 × sinθ), then T = -f4 + {P (tanθ - υ1) / 2 (1 + υ1tanθ)}, and the applied force value and the actual force on the structural member are finally obtained according to the above formula. The formula relationship P = {(Tup + Tdown) × (1-υ12tan2θ)} / tanθ(1+υ12), (In the above formula: Nup and Ndown respectively represent the inclined pressure on the adjusting block 16 when the structural member rises or falls, f1 and f3 respectively represent the friction force of the inclined surface of the adjusting block 16 when the structural member rises or falls, f2 and f4 represent the friction force on the bottom surface of the adjusting block 16 when it slides, υ1 and υ2 respectively represent the sliding friction coefficients between the adjusting block 16 and the upper and lower surfaces, and the friction coefficients of the upper and lower surfaces of the adjusting block 16 are the same). It can be seen from the above relationship that the vertical force can be obtained by applying different horizontal forces. The vertical force is the standard reaction force, which is used to calibrate whether the monitored vertical force is accurate, so that the adjustment value required for the later bearing body can be more accurately determined. The vertical force data of the calibrated bearing body is more accurate, and the safety of the bridge is guaranteed.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. According to the technical essence of the present invention, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replacing and calibrating a sensor in service, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: calibrate the new sensor (17); S2: The side of the support body is connected to a driving mechanism (18), and the driving mechanism (18) applies a gradually increasing horizontal or lateral force to the two adjustment blocks (16) on the support body, and records the horizontal or lateral force value applied when the support body rises or stops rising; S3: Observe the distance between the two adjustment blocks (16) and / or the force measurement data of the built-in sensor (17), until the distance between the two adjustment blocks (16) reaches a set value and / or the built-in sensor (17) is in an empty state, lock the drive mechanism, and replace with a new calibrated sensor (17); S4: the driving mechanism (18) gradually reduces the horizontal or lateral force applied to the two adjusting blocks (16), the height of the support body decreases, and the distance between the two adjusting blocks (16) decreases until the driving mechanism (18) is completely unloaded, and the new force value of the sensor (17) between the two adjusting blocks (16) is recorded at this time; S5: Based on the mechanical equilibrium relationship between the vertical or axial force and the horizontal or lateral force in the two states of rising and falling, the standard reaction force of the support body is obtained, and the reaction force monitoring value of the support body is calibrated.

2. The method for replacing and calibrating a sensor in service according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal or lateral force formed by the mechanical conversion of the adjustment block (16) completely acts on the sensor (17), and the sensor (17) reads the value and performs a mechanical balance analysis in combination with the inclination angle and friction coefficient of the adjustment block (16) to obtain a standard reaction force, which is compared with the reaction force monitoring value to calibrate the force of the support body.

3. A force measuring support, comprising the sensor replacement and in-situ calibration method in service state as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support body arranged between an upper structure (1) and a lower structure (2), wherein the support body comprises a first base (3) having a first basin cavity (7) and a second base (4) having a second basin cavity (9), wherein the first base (3) is connected to the lower structure (2), the second base (4) is slidably arranged in the first basin cavity (7), a rotating body is slidably arranged in the second basin cavity (9), a force measuring and height adjustment mechanism is arranged above the rotating body, the force measuring and height adjustment mechanism is connected to the upper structure (1), a first tensile component for limiting the vertical displacement of the second base (4) is arranged on the top surface of the first base (3), and a second tensile component for limiting the vertical displacement of the rotating seat is arranged on the top surface of the second base (4).

4. A force measuring support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first tensile assembly comprises a first fixing plate (5) and a first tensile plate (6); the first fixing plate (5) is arranged on the top surface of the first base (3) and is located outside the second base (4); the first fixing plate (5) and the top surface of the first base (3) form a first pelvic cavity (7); the first tensile plate (6) is arranged on the top surface of the first fixing plate (5); the first tensile plate (6) and the first fixing plate (5) form an L shape; the first tensile plate (6) is located above the second base (4); one end of the first tensile plate (6) is located above the end of the second base (4) and overlaps but does not contact; the first fixing plate (5) and the first base (3) are integrally formed or welded; the first tensile plate (6), the first fixing plate (5), the first base (3) and the lower structure (2) are bolted together.

5. A force measuring support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom surface of the first tensile plate (6) and the top surface of the first base (3) is adapted to the thickness of the second base (4).

6. A force measuring support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second tensile assembly comprises a second fixing plate (8) and a second tensile plate (11); the second fixing plate (8) is fixed to the top surface of the second base (4) and is located outside the rotating body; a second pelvic cavity (9) is formed between the second fixing plate (8) and the second base (4); the second tensile plate (11) is arranged on the top surface of the second fixing plate (8); the second tensile plate (11) and the second fixing plate (8) form an L shape; a transfer groove adapted to the second tensile plate (11) is provided on the side surface of the rotating body; the second tensile plate (11) extends into the assembly groove (14) to limit the vertical displacement of the rotating body.

7. A force measuring support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating body comprises an intermediate plate (13) and a spherical crown lining plate (20); the intermediate plate (13) is connected to the force measuring height adjustment mechanism; the bottom surface of the intermediate plate (13) is a concave spherical surface (21); the top surface of the spherical crown lining plate (20) is a convex spherical surface (22) adapted to the concave spherical surface (21); the intermediate plate (13) is rotatably arranged above the spherical crown lining plate (20); the bottom surface of the spherical crown lining plate (20) is slidably arranged in the second pelvic cavity (9); and the assembly groove (14) is provided on the side surface of the intermediate plate (13).

8. A force measuring support according to claim 7, characterized in that: A stop plate (10) protruding outward is provided at the lower end of the intermediate plate (13) in the circumferential direction; the bottom surface of the stop plate (10) is an arc-shaped surface adapted to the concave spherical surface (21); the top surface of the stop plate (10) is an inclined surface adapted to the bottom surface of the second tensile plate (11); one end of the second tensile plate (11) is located above the stop plate (10) and overlaps but does not contact; a mounting plate (15) connected to the force measuring height adjustment mechanism is provided at the upper end of the intermediate plate (13) in the circumferential direction; the assembly groove (14) is formed between the mounting plate (15) and the stop plate (10).

9. The force measuring support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The force measuring height adjustment mechanism comprises a top plate (12), an adjustment block (16), and a sensor (17); the top surface of the top plate (12) is bolted to the upper structure (1); the bottom surface of the top plate (12) is bolted to the mounting plates (15) on both sides of the middle plate (13); two adjustment blocks (16) are symmetrically provided and located between the top plate (12) and the middle plate (13); the top surface of the adjustment block (16) is in oblique straight surface contact with the bottom surface of the top plate (12); the sensor (17) is pressed between the two adjustment blocks (16); and the sensor (17) is electrically connected to an external controller (19).

10. A force measuring support according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism (18), which is a hydraulic jack. One end of the hydraulic jack acts on an adjustment block (16), and the other end acts on another adjustment block (16). The hydraulic jack adjusts the distance between the two adjustment blocks (16) by transverse extension and contraction, thereby adjusting the height of the top plate (12).

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