Self-adaptive drilling fluid intelligent blending device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive drilling fluid intelligent blending device and a use method thereof. Belongs to the technical field of shale gas exploitation auxiliary devices. The system comprises an original drilling fluid circulating system; the system further comprises a sensor group, a controller, a blending execution group and a drilling fluid circulation system. The sensor group comprises a density sensor, a viscosity sensor, a pH value sensor and a temperature sensor; the controller comprises a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module; an algorithm module and a communication module; the blending execution group comprises a metering pump, a stirring device, a feeding pipeline and a valve; according to the invention, various problems existing in the process of blending the drilling fluid are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shale gas mining auxiliary devices, and in particular to an adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When shale gas is mined, drilling fluid is needed to work with the drilling rig. The following problems exist in the preparation of traditional drilling fluid: 1. Preparation mainly relies on manual experience and simple measurement tools, and it is difficult to achieve precise control of various parameters of drilling fluid; 2. When encountering formation changes or emergencies during drilling, the existing preparation technology often cannot perceive and respond quickly in time; this may cause the performance of drilling fluid to fail to adapt to changes in working conditions in time, increase drilling risks, and have a long response feedback path, which easily misses the best adjustment opportunity, causing drilling accidents or reducing drilling speed; 3. The existing preparation method is based on a preset fixed formula and process, and cannot be adaptively adjusted according to real-time drilling conditions and formation characteristics. This makes it impossible for drilling fluid to always maintain optimal performance when facing complex and changeable underground environments, and it is impossible to automatically optimize the drilling fluid formula according to different drilling depths, formation pressures, rock types and other factors, limiting the flexibility and adaptability of drilling operations; 4. The existing drilling fluid preparation system does not analyze and utilize historical data and real-time monitoring data enough (there is a lack of specific program content for the application of historical data in the briefing book). These data contain rich information that can be used to optimize deployment strategies and predict performance changes, but they are often ignored or not effectively mined. Due to the lack of integration and analysis capabilities for big data, it is impossible to summarize patterns and discover potential problems from a large amount of drilling fluid deployment data, making it difficult to achieve intelligent decision support. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device to solve the above-mentioned various problems existing in mixing drilling fluid.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device; it includes an original drilling fluid circulation system; it also includes a sensor group, a controller, a mixing execution group and a drilling fluid circulation system; The sensor group includes density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor, and temperature sensor; The controller includes a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module; an algorithm module and a communication module; The deployment execution group includes a metering pump, a stirring device, a feeding pipeline and a valve; the metering pump is used to quantitatively add the specified raw materials to the stirring device; the stirring device is used to fully stir the processing drilling fluid; the feeding pipeline is used to provide different raw materials; the valve is set on the feeding pipeline, and the action of the valve is controlled by the controller, which can control the opening and closing of the feeding pipeline; The density sensor is installed on the main pipeline of the drilling fluid circulation system near the drilling fluid outlet and is connected to the controller through a wire. The viscosity sensor is installed inside the drilling fluid mixing tank near the mixing blades and is connected to the controller via a wired connection; The pH sensor is installed in the drilling fluid storage tank, and data is exchanged between it and the controller via wireless transmission; The number of temperature sensors is not less than three, and these temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the wellhead, drilling fluid outlet and drilling fluid mixing tank of the drilling fluid circulation system; The method for using the drilling fluid intelligent mixing device comprises the following steps: S1. The controller collects the signals uploaded from the density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor and temperature sensor at a certain frequency; processes the signals through the digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module; and inputs the processed signals into the algorithm module respectively; S2. The algorithm module outputs different control instructions to the deployment execution group through the communication module according to the following different conditions: When the density sensor uploads a signal indicating that the density of the drilling fluid currently supplied by the drilling fluid circulation system is outside the range of 1.0-2.5 g / cm³, the corresponding control output is adjusted to increase the material or increase the amount of diluent used; When the viscosity sensor uploads a signal indicating that the current drilling fluid viscosity is outside the range of 5 ~ 100 mPa・s, the corresponding control output is adjusted to add or reduce the treatment agent; When the pH sensor uploads a signal showing that the pH value of the drilling fluid currently stored in the drilling fluid storage tank is outside the range of 6.5 to 9.0, the corresponding control output is adjusted to add or reduce the acid-base regulator; When any temperature sensor uploads a signal showing that the current temperature of the drilling fluid is outside the range of 5-80°C, the corresponding control output is dispatched to start the cooling or heating device.

[0005] Preferably, the density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor and temperature sensor output signals to the controller once per minute respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the sensor group also includes a gas chromatograph and a liquid chromatograph; the gas chromatograph and the liquid chromatograph are also connected to the controller via a data line; The sampling points of the gas chromatograph and the liquid chromatograph are installed near the drilling fluid sample collection port, and both are connected to the controller via a data line; The gas chromatograph is used to gasify the sample and separate it into a chromatographic column, and to detect the composition and content of organic compounds and transmit them to the controller; The liquid chromatograph is used to sample, separate and detect the composition of water-soluble components, and transmit the results to the controller.

[0007] Furthermore, when the signal uploaded by the liquid chromatograph shows that the content deviation of the water-soluble components in the current drilling fluid is greater than 5%, an alarm is issued.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an analysis and testing laboratory; an atomic absorption spectrometer, an infrared spectrometer and a X-ray fluorescence spectrometer are arranged in the analysis and testing laboratory; all three are connected to the controller via a data line; Atomic absorption spectrometer is used to determine the metal element content and transmit it to the controller; Infrared spectrometer is used to determine the molecular structure and chemical composition and transmit it to the controller; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used to measure the element type and content and transmit it to the controller.

[0009] Furthermore, an alarm is issued when the data uploaded by the atomic absorption spectrometer shows that the content of a single metal element is greater than 10ppm; When the data uploaded by the infrared spectrometer shows that the intensity of the absorption peak of a specific functional group in the drilling fluid changes by 20%, an alarm is issued; When the data uploaded by the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer shows that the element content in the drilling fluid changes by more than 10%, an alarm is issued.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects: 1. High-precision deployment capability In order to cope with complex geological conditions and high-demand drilling operations, new intelligent mixing devices are needed to achieve high-precision measurement and control of various parameters of drilling fluid to ensure that the performance of drilling fluid is always in the best state. For example, the amount of treatment agent added can be accurately controlled within a very small error range to meet the stringent requirements of special drilling processes on drilling fluid performance.

[0011] 2. Have a quick response mechanism The new mixing method should be able to quickly sense changes in drilling conditions and make accurate mixing decisions and execute operations in a very short time to ensure the safety and efficiency of drilling operations. When encountering emergency situations such as sudden changes in formation pressure and well wall instability, the mixing device can complete the adjustment of drilling fluid properties within seconds to avoid accidents.

[0012] 3. Strong adaptability It can analyze various data in the drilling process in real time, including geological parameters, drilling parameters and drilling fluid performance parameters, and automatically adjust the deployment strategy based on these data so that the drilling fluid can always adapt to different drilling conditions; for example, according to the changes in the hardness of the formation rock during the drilling process, the lubrication performance and rock carrying capacity of the drilling fluid are automatically adjusted.

[0013] 4. Have effective data analysis and utilization The new intelligent deployment system should have powerful data collection, storage, analysis and mining capabilities, be able to extract valuable information from massive historical and real-time data, and provide a scientific basis for optimizing the deployment strategy; by establishing a data model, it can predict the changing trend of drilling fluid performance and carry out preventive deployment in advance, thereby improving drilling efficiency and reducing costs.

[0014] 5. Low maintenance cost and high reliability The intelligent dispatching device has a simple design, reasonable structure and is easy to maintain, which reduces vulnerable parts, improves the stability and reliability of the equipment, and reduces the operation and maintenance costs. It adopts advanced fault diagnosis and early warning technology to detect potential problems in advance and reduce the losses and impacts caused by equipment failures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments: Example: This embodiment provides an adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device; it includes the original drilling fluid circulation system; it also includes a sensor group, a controller, a mixing execution group and a drilling fluid circulation system; The sensor group includes density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor, and temperature sensor; In this embodiment, the density sensor uses the pressure difference measurement principle to monitor the density change of the drilling fluid in real time. Its function is to provide accurate density data so as to timely detect the situation where the density deviates from the set range.

[0016] The viscosity sensor is based on a rotational measurement method and can accurately measure the viscosity of drilling fluid. It is mainly responsible for sensing changes in viscosity and providing key viscosity information to the controller.

[0017] The pH sensor uses electrochemical principles to accurately detect the pH value of drilling fluid. Its function is to maintain the acid-base balance of drilling fluid and ensure the stability of drilling fluid performance.

[0018] The temperature sensor uses thermocouple or thermistor technology to monitor the temperature of the drilling fluid in real time. Its function is to prevent the temperature from being too high or too low, which may affect the performance of the drilling fluid and the safety of the drilling operation.

[0019] The controller includes a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module, an algorithm module, and a communication module. The digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module is used to receive real-time data from various sensors, and to quickly filter, amplify, and digitize data to remove noise and interference and extract useful information. The algorithm module is built with advanced algorithms and models to compare and analyze the processed data with the preset drilling fluid performance standards. According to the analysis results, the corresponding deployment strategy is formulated. The communication module is used to generate precise control instructions based on the decision results of the algorithm, and send the instructions to various devices on the deployment execution group through a specific communication protocol. The deployment execution group includes a metering pump, a stirring device, a feeding pipeline and a valve; the metering pump is used to quantitatively add the specified raw materials to the stirring device; the stirring device is used to fully stir the processed drilling fluid; the feeding pipeline is responsible for accurately delivering the treatment agent output by the metering pump to the drilling fluid circulation system; the valve is set on the feeding pipeline, and the action of the valve is controlled by the controller, which can control the flow and switch of the feeding pipeline; The density sensor is installed on the main pipeline of the drilling fluid circulation system near the drilling fluid outlet and is connected to the controller through a wire. The viscosity sensor is installed inside the drilling fluid mixing tank near the mixing blades and is connected to the controller via a wired connection; The pH sensor is installed in the drilling fluid storage tank, and data is exchanged between it and the controller via wireless transmission; The number of temperature sensors is not less than three, and these temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the wellhead, drilling fluid outlet and drilling fluid mixing tank of the drilling fluid circulation system; The method for using the drilling fluid intelligent mixing device comprises the following steps: S1. The controller collects the signals uploaded from the density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor and temperature sensor at a certain frequency; processes the signals through the digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module; and inputs the processed signals into the algorithm module respectively; S2. The algorithm module outputs different control instructions to the deployment execution group through the communication module according to the following different conditions: When the density sensor uploads a signal indicating that the density of the drilling fluid currently supplied by the drilling fluid circulation system is outside the range of 1.0-2.5 g / cm³, the corresponding control output is adjusted to increase the material or increase the amount of diluent used; When the viscosity sensor uploads a signal indicating that the current drilling fluid viscosity is outside the range of 5 ~ 100 mPa・s, the corresponding control output is adjusted to add or reduce the treatment agent; When the pH sensor uploads a signal showing that the pH value of the drilling fluid currently stored in the drilling fluid storage tank is outside the range of 6.5 to 9.0, the corresponding control output is adjusted to add or reduce the acid-base regulator; When any temperature sensor uploads a signal showing that the current temperature of the drilling fluid is outside the range of 5-80°C, the corresponding control output is dispatched to start the cooling or heating device.

[0020] The density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor and temperature sensor output signals to the controller once per minute respectively.

[0021] The sensor group also includes a gas chromatograph and a liquid chromatograph; the gas chromatograph and the liquid chromatograph are also connected to the controller via a data line; The sampling points of the gas chromatograph and the liquid chromatograph are installed near the drilling fluid sample collection port, and both are connected to the controller via a data line; Gas chromatograph is used to gasify the sample and separate the chromatographic column, detect the composition and content of organic compounds and transmit them to the controller; Gas chromatograph (GC): After the sample is gasified, it enters the chromatographic column. Different organic compounds have different interactions with the stationary phase and mobile phase in the chromatographic column, resulting in different retention times in the column. With the help of carrier gas, the separated compounds are taken out of the chromatographic column in turn and enter detectors such as flame ionization detector (FID) or thermal conductivity detector (TCD) to generate electrical signals, thereby realizing qualitative and quantitative analysis of the compounds. Its function is to accurately detect the composition and content of organic compounds in drilling fluids and promptly detect changes in compound composition.

[0022] Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): The sample solution is transported by a high-pressure pump to the chromatographic column, which is filled with a stationary phase. Separation is achieved because the distribution coefficients of different components between the stationary phase and the mobile phase are different. The separated components pass through detectors such as UV-visible light detectors and fluorescence detectors in turn to generate corresponding signals for detection and analysis. Its function is to accurately analyze the composition of water-soluble components in drilling fluid and detect abnormal components in time.

[0023] The liquid chromatograph is used to sample, separate and detect the composition of water-soluble components, and transmit the results to the controller.

[0024] When the signal uploaded by the liquid chromatograph shows that the deviation of the content of water-soluble components in the current drilling fluid is greater than 5%, an alarm is issued.

[0025] It also includes an analysis and testing laboratory; an atomic absorption spectrometer, an infrared spectrometer and a X-ray fluorescence spectrometer are arranged in the analysis and testing laboratory; all three are connected to the controller via a data line; Atomic absorption spectrometer is used to determine the metal element content and transmit it to the controller; Infrared spectrometer is used to determine the molecular structure and chemical composition and transmit it to the controller; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used to measure the element type and content and transmit it to the controller.

[0026] Atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS); when the sample is atomized to form atomic vapor, the characteristic spectral line emitted by the light source (usually a hollow cathode lamp) passes through the atomic vapor, and part of the light is absorbed; according to the Lambert-Beer law, the concentration of the element to be measured in the sample is determined by measuring the absorbance; its function is to accurately determine the content of metal elements in drilling fluid and to timely grasp the changes in element concentration.

[0027] Infrared spectrometer (IR): After the sample is exposed to infrared light, the molecules will absorb infrared light of a specific wavelength, triggering the transition of molecular vibration and rotation energy levels. Different functional groups and chemical bonds will produce absorption peaks at specific infrared wavelengths. By analyzing the position, intensity and shape of the absorption peaks, the molecular structure and chemical composition of the sample can be determined. Its function is to effectively identify the molecular structure of organic and inorganic substances in drilling fluids and to detect structural changes in a timely manner.

[0028] X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF): After the sample is excited by X-rays, it will emit characteristic X-ray fluorescence. By measuring the energy and intensity of these fluorescence, the type and content of elements in the sample can be determined. Its function is to accurately detect the type and content of elements in the drilling fluid and to detect changes in element composition in a timely manner.

[0029] When the data uploaded by the atomic absorption spectrometer shows that the content of a single metal element is greater than 10 ppm, an alarm is issued; When the data uploaded by the infrared spectrometer shows that the intensity of the absorption peak of a specific functional group in the drilling fluid changes by 20%, an alarm is issued; When the data uploaded by the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer shows that the element content in the drilling fluid changes by more than 10%, an alarm is issued.

[0030] The working principle of the inventive device in this embodiment: In this embodiment, various sensors are distributed at key locations of the drilling fluid circulation system to continuously monitor parameters such as the density, composition, viscosity, pH value, and temperature of the drilling fluid. For example, the density sensor measures the pressure difference of the drilling fluid multiple times per second and converts it into a density value; the rotating part of the viscosity sensor continuously rotates in the drilling fluid and determines the viscosity by measuring the rotational resistance. These sensors quickly transmit the measured real-time data to the controller in the form of electrical signals.

[0031] After receiving a large amount of data from the sensor, the controller first pre-processes the data to remove outliers and noise. Then, it uses built-in complex algorithms and pre-set drilling fluid performance standards to conduct in-depth analysis of the data. For example, if the current density measurement value is lower than the set lower limit, the controller will calculate the amount of weighting material that needs to be added; for pH value deviation, the controller will determine the type and amount of acid-base regulator that needs to be added. Based on these analysis results, the controller makes decisions and generates corresponding deployment instructions.

[0032] After the dispensing unit receives the command from the controller, the metering pump will accurately extract the required amount of treatment agent and inject it into the drilling fluid through the feeding pipe and valve. The stirring device is started at the same time to stir the drilling fluid at a high speed to ensure that the newly added treatment agent is quickly and evenly distributed. During the addition process, the sensor will continue to monitor and form a feedback mechanism. If the parameters after the first addition still do not reach the ideal range, the controller will issue an adjustment command again until the parameters of the drilling fluid meet the set requirements. For example, after adding the weighting material, the density sensor will feedback the new density value in real time, and the controller will decide whether to add further or stop adding based on the feedback.

Claims

1. An adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device, which includes an existing drilling fluid circulation system; characterized in that: It also includes a sensor group, a controller, a deployment execution group and a drilling fluid circulation system; The sensor group includes density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor, and temperature sensor; The controller includes a digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module; an algorithm module and a communication module; The deployment execution group includes a metering pump, a stirring device, a feeding pipeline and a valve; the metering pump is used to quantitatively add the specified raw materials to the stirring device; the stirring device is used to fully stir the processing drilling fluid; the feeding pipeline is used to provide different raw materials; the valve is set on the feeding pipeline, and the action of the valve is controlled by the controller, which can control the opening and closing of the feeding pipeline; The density sensor is installed on the main pipeline of the drilling fluid circulation system near the drilling fluid outlet and is connected to the controller through a wire. The viscosity sensor is installed inside the drilling fluid mixing tank near the mixing blades and is connected to the controller via a wired connection; The pH sensor is installed in the drilling fluid storage tank, and data is exchanged between it and the controller via wireless transmission; The number of temperature sensors is not less than three, and these temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the wellhead, drilling fluid outlet and drilling fluid mixing tank of the drilling fluid circulation system; The method for using the drilling fluid intelligent mixing device comprises the following steps: S1. The controller collects the signals uploaded from the density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor and temperature sensor at a certain frequency; processes the signals through the digital-to-analog / analog-to-digital conversion module; and inputs the processed signals into the algorithm module respectively; S2. The algorithm module outputs different control instructions to the deployment execution group through the communication module according to the following different conditions: When the density sensor uploads a signal indicating that the density of the drilling fluid currently supplied by the drilling fluid circulation system is outside the range of 1.0 ~2.5 g / cm³, the corresponding control output is adjusted to increase the material or increase the amount of diluent used; When the viscosity sensor uploads a signal indicating that the current drilling fluid viscosity is outside the range of 5 ~ 100 mPa・s, the corresponding control output is adjusted to add or reduce the treatment agent; When the pH sensor uploads a signal showing that the pH value of the drilling fluid currently stored in the drilling fluid storage tank is outside the range of 6.5 to 9.0, the corresponding control output is adjusted to add or reduce the acid-base regulator; When any temperature sensor uploads a signal showing that the current temperature of the drilling fluid is outside the range of 5-80°C, the corresponding control output is dispatched to start the cooling or heating device.

2. The adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density sensor, viscosity sensor, pH sensor and temperature sensor output signals to the controller once per minute respectively.

3. The adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensor group also includes a gas chromatograph and a liquid chromatograph; the gas chromatograph and the liquid chromatograph are also connected to the controller via a data line; The sampling points of the gas chromatograph and the liquid chromatograph are installed near the drilling fluid sample collection port, and both are connected to the controller via a data line; The gas chromatograph is used to gasify the sample and separate it into a chromatographic column, and to detect the composition and content of organic compounds and transmit them to the controller; The liquid chromatograph is used to sample, separate and detect the composition of water-soluble components, and transmit the results to the controller.

4. The adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the signal uploaded by the liquid chromatograph shows that the deviation of the content of water-soluble components in the current drilling fluid is greater than 5%, an alarm is issued.

5. The adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an analysis and testing laboratory; an atomic absorption spectrometer, an infrared spectrometer and a X-ray fluorescence spectrometer are arranged in the analysis and testing laboratory; all three are connected to the controller via a data line; Atomic absorption spectrometer is used to determine the metal element content and transmit it to the controller; Infrared spectrometer is used to determine the molecular structure and chemical composition and transmit it to the controller; X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used to measure the element type and content and transmit it to the controller.

6. The adaptive drilling fluid intelligent mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the data uploaded by the atomic absorption spectrometer shows a single An alarm is triggered when the content of a metal element is greater than 10 ppm; When the data uploaded by the infrared spectrometer shows that the intensity of the absorption peak of a specific functional group in the drilling fluid changes by 20%, an alarm is issued; When the data uploaded by the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer shows that the element content in the drilling fluid changes by more than 10%, an alarm is issued.