Vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, detection method and train

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device and method and a train. Relates to the field of fuel cells, and solves the problems that when hydrogen leaks, accurate positioning cannot be achieved, and hydrogen supply needs to be stopped, and vehicle operation is affected. The controller receives signals of the hydrogen concentration sensors in real time, monitors the hydrogen leakage condition, and sends out an alarm signal once the hydrogen concentration sensors detect that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard. According to the alarm sequence of the sensors in the first semi-closed container, the leakage position is judged, the bottleneck electromagnetic valve of the corresponding hydrogen storage bottle is closed, and a leakage source is cut off. And if leakage occurs in the hydrogen supply pipeline, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline electromagnetic valve and opens the standby pipeline electromagnetic valve to ensure that hydrogen supply is not interrupted. The closing of the hydrogen storage bottle where leakage may occur is controlled in a targeted manner, so that the situation that hydrogen cannot be supplied due to leakage or faults is avoided, and safety accidents caused by hydrogen leakage are effectively prevented. Redundant design of the pipeline electromagnetic valves improves reliability of the system when the system faces faults.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, a detection method and a train. Background Art

[0002] With the promotion and application of clean energy, hydrogen energy as an efficient and clean energy has received more and more attention. In the field of hydrogen energy vehicles, the safety and reliability of on-board hydrogen storage systems are key technical issues.

[0003] Traditional on-board hydrogen storage systems are usually designed with only one set of hydrogen supply pipelines. Once a leak or failure occurs, the entire system will be unable to supply hydrogen, affecting the normal operation of the vehicle. When a hydrogen leak occurs, the traditional system is often unable to quickly and accurately locate the leak point, resulting in the inability to take timely measures, increasing safety risks. When a hydrogen leak is detected, the traditional system may take a long time to respond and handle, which may cause hydrogen accumulation and increase the risk of explosion.

[0004] It can be seen that how to solve the problem that when hydrogen leaks, it is impossible to accurately locate it and the hydrogen supply needs to be stopped, which affects the operation of the vehicle, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device and detection method and a train to solve the problem that when hydrogen leaks, it is impossible to accurately locate it and the hydrogen supply needs to be stopped, affecting the operation of the vehicle.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device.

[0007] Applicable to multiple groups of hydrogen storage bottles, including: multiple hydrogen concentration sensors, multiple bottle mouth solenoid valves, multiple pipeline solenoid valves, a controller, a first semi-closed container, and a second semi-closed container; the hydrogen storage bottles are arranged and distributed in the first semi-closed container, and the pipeline solenoid valves are arranged in the second semi-closed container;

[0008] The mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle is provided with a bottle mouth solenoid valve, the bottle mouth solenoid valve is connected to one end of a plurality of pipeline solenoid valves through a gas pipeline, and the other ends of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves are connected to hydrogen-using equipment through a gas pipeline; a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles; a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided for the second semi-closed container; each of the hydrogen concentration sensors, the bottle mouth solenoid valve, and the pipeline solenoid valve are connected to a controller, and one of the pipeline solenoid valves is selectively opened;

[0009] The controller closes the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve according to the alarm sequence of the alarm signal sent by the hydrogen concentration sensor in the first semi-closed container, and closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve and opens another pipeline solenoid valve according to the alarm signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container.

[0010] As an optional solution, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, the number of pipeline solenoid valves in the second semi-closed container is two;

[0011] When the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container sends out an alarm signal, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve and opens another pipeline solenoid valve; if after a preset time, the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container stops sending out an alarm signal, the current solenoid valve state is maintained to continue the hydrogen supply operation; if after a preset time, the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container continues to send out an alarm signal, all pipeline solenoid valves are closed and the hydrogen supply operation is stopped.

[0012] As an optional solution, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, the first semi-closed container and the second semi-closed container are aluminum alloy plate boxes with openings on the tops.

[0013] As an optional solution, the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device further includes: two ventilators;

[0014] A ventilator is respectively arranged at the top opening of the first semi-enclosed container and the second semi-enclosed container;

[0015] When the hydrogen concentration sensor sends out an alarm signal, the controller controls the corresponding ventilator to start.

[0016] As an optional solution, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, the distance between each group of hydrogen storage bottles is greater than the distance between each hydrogen storage bottle in each group.

[0017] As an optional solution, the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device further includes: a plurality of one-way valves;

[0018] The pipeline solenoid valve is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through each of the one-way valves.

[0019] As an optional solution, the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device further includes: a communication device;

[0020] When the hydrogen concentration sensor stops sending out an alarm signal, the controller records the location and time of the current leakage event, generates a maintenance report and sends it to the monitoring center through the communication device.

[0021] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a method for detecting leakage of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system.

[0022] The invention is applied to a leakage detection device for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system, comprising: a plurality of groups of hydrogen storage bottles, a plurality of hydrogen concentration sensors, a plurality of bottle mouth solenoid valves, a plurality of pipeline solenoid valves, a controller, a first semi-enclosed container, and a second semi-enclosed container; the hydrogen storage bottles are arranged and distributed in the first semi-enclosed container, and the pipeline solenoid valve is arranged in the second semi-enclosed container; the bottle mouth solenoid valve is arranged at the bottle mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle, the bottle mouth solenoid valve is connected to one end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves through a gas pipeline, and the other end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves is connected to a hydrogen-using device through a gas pipeline; a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles; a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the second semi-enclosed container; each of the hydrogen concentration sensors, the bottle mouth solenoid valve, and the pipeline solenoid valve is connected to the controller, and one of the pipeline solenoid valves is selectively opened; correspondingly, the method comprises:

[0023] collecting signals of hydrogen concentration sensors in the first semi-enclosed container and the second semi-enclosed container in real time;

[0024] If the hydrogen concentration sensor in the first semi-enclosed container sends out an alarm signal, the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve is closed according to the alarm sequence of the hydrogen concentration sensor;

[0025] If an alarm signal from the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-enclosed container is received, the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve is closed and another pipeline solenoid valve is opened.

[0026] As an optional solution, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection method, closing the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve according to the alarm sequence of the hydrogen concentration sensor includes:

[0027] When receiving the alarm signal of the first hydrogen concentration sensor, closing all the bottle mouth solenoid valves of the hydrogen storage bottles of the corresponding group;

[0028] If after a preset time, multiple hydrogen concentration sensors send out alarm signals, all the bottle mouth solenoid valves of the hydrogen storage bottles corresponding to the second hydrogen concentration sensor that sends out an alarm signal are closed until no hydrogen concentration sensor in the first semi-closed container sends out an alarm signal;

[0029] If after the preset time, all hydrogen concentration sensors stop sending alarm signals, the current solenoid valve status is maintained to continue hydrogen supply.

[0030] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a rail train, including the above-mentioned on-board hydrogen system leakage detection device.

[0031] The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device provided by the present application includes: hydrogen storage bottles are arranged and distributed in a first semi-closed container, and a pipeline solenoid valve is arranged in a second semi-closed container; a bottle mouth solenoid valve is arranged at the bottle mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle, and the bottle mouth solenoid valve is connected to one end of multiple pipeline solenoid valves through a gas pipeline, and the other end of multiple pipeline solenoid valves is connected to hydrogen-using equipment through a gas pipeline; one pipeline solenoid valve is opened selectively; a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles; a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the second semi-closed container; each hydrogen concentration sensor, bottle mouth solenoid valve, and pipeline solenoid valve are connected to a controller. The controller of the present application receives the signals of each hydrogen concentration sensor in real time, monitors the hydrogen leakage, and sends an alarm signal once the hydrogen concentration sensor detects that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard. According to the alarm sequence of the sensors in the first semi-closed container, the controller determines the approximate location of the leak. According to the leak location, the controller closes the bottle mouth solenoid valve of the corresponding hydrogen storage bottle to cut off the leak source. If a leak occurs in the hydrogen supply pipeline, the controller closes the currently open pipeline solenoid valve and opens the standby pipeline solenoid valve to ensure uninterrupted hydrogen supply. Targeted control is used to close the hydrogen storage bottle where the leak may occur, to avoid leakage or failure that causes hydrogen supply failure, and effectively prevent safety accidents caused by hydrogen leakage. The redundant design of the pipeline solenoid valve improves the reliability of the system in the face of failures.

[0032] In addition, the present application also provides a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection method and a train, which correspond to the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device and have the same effect as above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device is provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 A flow chart of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 11-hydrogen storage bottle; 12-hydrogen concentration sensor; 13-bottle mouth solenoid valve; 14-pipeline solenoid valve; 15-first semi-closed container; 16-second semi-closed container; 17-one-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] The core of this application is to provide a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device and detection method and a train.

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0041] As a clean energy, hydrogen energy is increasingly used in the automotive industry, especially in fuel cell trains. As a key component of hydrogen energy vehicles, the safety and reliability of on-board hydrogen storage systems are crucial. With the development of technology, the design of on-board hydrogen storage systems is becoming more and more complex, and the functions are becoming more and more diversified to meet higher safety standards and usage requirements.

[0042] Traditional on-board hydrogen storage systems are usually designed with only one set of hydrogen supply pipelines. Once a leak or failure occurs, the entire system will be unable to supply hydrogen, affecting the normal operation of the vehicle. When a hydrogen leak occurs, the traditional system is often unable to quickly and accurately locate the leak point, resulting in the inability to take timely measures, increasing safety risks. When a hydrogen leak is detected, the traditional system may take a long time to respond and process, which may cause hydrogen to accumulate and increase the risk of explosion. Traditional systems may not be designed with redundancy in mind, and once a major component has a problem, the entire system may be paralyzed. When a leak occurs, the traditional control system may adopt a strategy of uniformly closing all valves, which will cause the entire system to stop supplying hydrogen even if there is only a partial leak.

[0043] The present application is not limited to any environment in which it is applied, such as fuel cell facilities such as automobiles and rail trains.

[0044] In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device is provided for an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: multiple groups of hydrogen storage bottles 11, multiple hydrogen concentration sensors 12, multiple bottle mouth solenoid valves 13, multiple pipeline solenoid valves 14, a controller, a first semi-closed container 15, and a second semi-closed container 16; the hydrogen storage bottles 11 are evenly arranged and distributed in the first semi-closed container 15, and the pipeline solenoid valves 14 are arranged in the second semi-closed container;

[0045] The mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle 11 is provided with the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13, the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 is connected to one end of a plurality of pipeline solenoid valves 14 through a gas pipeline, and the other end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves 14 is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through a gas pipeline; a hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is provided at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles 11; a hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is provided for the second semi-closed container 16; each of the hydrogen concentration sensors 12, the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13, and the pipeline solenoid valve 14 are connected to a controller;

[0046] The controller closes the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 according to the alarm sequence of the alarm signal emitted by the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the first semi-closed container 15, and closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens another pipeline solenoid valve 14 according to the alarm signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the second semi-closed container 16.

[0047] The hydrogen storage bottle 11 is a container for storing hydrogen, and is usually made of high-strength material to withstand high pressure. Hydrogen storage bottles 11 of different materials and shapes can be selected, such as metal bottles, composite material bottles, etc., to meet different safety and capacity requirements. The present embodiment does not limit the number of hydrogen storage bottles 11 in each group, for example: two, three. The fewer the number in each group, the higher the control and monitoring accuracy. The required number can be set according to the actual installation space. In addition, there is a certain distance between each group of hydrogen storage bottles 11, and the distance between each group of hydrogen storage bottles 11 is greater than the distance between each hydrogen storage bottle 11 in each group, so as to ensure that the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in each group monitors the hydrogen leakage of this group to a limited extent.

[0048] A hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is arranged at the mouth of each hydrogen bottle group, and the potential leakage points of hydrogen are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the dotted box in the middle circle, due to the characteristic of hydrogen quickly diffusing upwards, if a hydrogen leak occurs in a group of hydrogen bottles, it can be detected first by the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 above, and then by the hydrogen concentration sensors 12 of the surrounding bottle groups. The hydrogen concentration sensor 12 issues a hydrogen leak alarm, and the leaking bottle group can be located according to the sequence of sensor alarms.

[0049] The hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in real time and send out an alarm signal once a leak is detected. Different types of sensors can be selected, such as electrochemical sensors, infrared sensors, etc., and are selected based on sensitivity, response time and cost.

[0050] The bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 is installed at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle 11 to control the outflow of hydrogen. Different types of solenoid valves can be selected according to specific needs. The pipeline solenoid valve 14 is installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline to control the path of hydrogen flow to the hydrogen-using equipment. Multiple pipeline solenoid valves 14 realize redundant design to improve the reliability and safety of the system.

[0051] The controller is responsible for receiving sensor signals and issuing control instructions.

[0052] The first semi-enclosed container 15 (hydrogen storage bottle 11 container) is used to store the hydrogen storage bottle 11. The semi-enclosed design is conducive to the diffusion of hydrogen leakage. The second semi-enclosed container 16 (pipeline container) is used to arrange the hydrogen supply pipeline and the solenoid valve.

[0053] The controller receives signals from each hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in real time to monitor hydrogen leakage. Once the sensor detects that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, an alarm signal is issued. According to the alarm sequence of the sensors in the first semi-closed container 15, the controller determines the approximate location of the leak. According to the leak location, the controller closes the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 of the corresponding hydrogen storage bottle 11 to cut off the leak source. If the leak occurs in the hydrogen supply pipeline, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens the spare pipeline solenoid valve 14 to ensure that the hydrogen supply is not interrupted. After confirming that the leak is under control, the controller maintains the solenoid valve state and the system resumes normal hydrogen supply.

[0054] The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: multiple groups of hydrogen storage bottles 11, multiple hydrogen concentration sensors 12, multiple bottle mouth solenoid valves 13, multiple pipeline solenoid valves 14, a controller, a first semi-closed container 15, and a second semi-closed container 16; the hydrogen storage bottles 11 are evenly arranged and distributed in the first semi-closed container 15, and the pipeline solenoid valves 14 are arranged in the second semi-closed container; a bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 is arranged at the bottle mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle 11, and the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 is connected to one end of the multiple pipeline solenoid valves 14 through a gas pipeline, and the other end of the multiple pipeline solenoid valves 14 is connected through a gas pipeline. The gas pipeline is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment; a hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is set at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles 11; a hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is set at the second semi-enclosed container 16; each hydrogen concentration sensor 12, bottle mouth solenoid valve 13, and pipeline solenoid valve 14 are connected to the controller; the controller closes the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 according to the alarm sequence of the alarm signal issued by the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the first semi-enclosed container 15, and closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens another pipeline solenoid valve 14 according to the alarm signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the second semi-enclosed container 16. The controller receives the signal of each hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in real time, monitors the hydrogen leakage, and sends an alarm signal once the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 detects that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard. According to the alarm sequence of the sensors in the first semi-enclosed container 15, the controller determines the approximate location of the leakage. According to the leakage location, the controller closes the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 of the corresponding hydrogen storage bottle 11 to cut off the leakage source. If a leak occurs in the hydrogen supply pipeline, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens the standby pipeline solenoid valve 14 to ensure uninterrupted hydrogen supply. Targeted control is performed to close the hydrogen storage bottle 11 where a leak may occur, to avoid leakage or failure that causes hydrogen supply failure, and effectively prevent safety accidents caused by hydrogen leakage. The redundant design of the pipeline solenoid valve 14 improves the reliability of the system in the face of failures.

[0055] Specifically, the number of pipeline solenoid valves 14 in the second semi-enclosed container 16 is two;

[0056] When the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container sends out an alarm signal, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens another pipeline solenoid valve 14; if after a preset time, the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the second semi-closed container 16 stops sending out an alarm signal, the current solenoid valve state is maintained to continue the hydrogen supply operation; if after a preset time, the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the second semi-closed container 16 continues to send out an alarm signal, all pipeline solenoid valves 14 are closed and the hydrogen supply operation is stopped.

[0057] Two pipeline solenoid valves 14 are arranged in the second semi-enclosed container 16, forming a redundant design to ensure the continuity and safety of the hydrogen supply system. When the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the second semi-enclosed container 16 detects a leak and sends an alarm signal, the system will perform the following operations: close the pipeline solenoid valve 14 that is currently in an open state to cut off possible leakage paths. At the same time, open another spare pipeline solenoid valve 14 to maintain the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen-using equipment.

[0058] Within a preset time (e.g. 20 seconds) after the switching operation is performed, the system will evaluate the leakage: if the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 stops sending an alarm signal, it indicates that the leakage may have been controlled or the risk has been reduced, and the system will maintain the current solenoid valve state and continue to supply hydrogen. If the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 continues to send an alarm signal, it indicates that the leakage is not under control or the risk still exists, and the system will take further safety measures. If the leakage continues, the system will close all pipeline solenoid valves 14 and stop the hydrogen supply to ensure the safety of the system.

[0059] According to the system safety requirements and response characteristics, the preset time can be adjusted to achieve more accurate leakage assessment and control. More pipeline solenoid valves 14 can be designed for redundant configuration to improve the reliability and flexibility of the system.

[0060] The system of this embodiment continuously monitors the hydrogen concentration to ensure timely detection of leaks. Once a leak is detected, the system quickly switches the pipeline solenoid valve 14 to maintain the continuity of the hydrogen supply system. Within a preset time, the system evaluates the leak and decides whether to continue to supply hydrogen or take further safety measures. If the leak persists, the system takes emergency measures to ensure overall safety.

[0061] According to the above embodiment, in a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, the first semi-enclosed container 15 and the second semi-enclosed container 16 are aluminum alloy plate boxes with openings on the top.

[0062] Aluminum alloy materials are usually selected as box materials due to their light weight, high strength and good corrosion resistance. The top opening design of the box is conducive to the diffusion and discharge of hydrogen. Specifically, it also includes: two ventilators; one ventilator is set at the top opening of the first semi-enclosed container 15 and the second semi-enclosed container 16. When the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 sends an alarm signal, the controller controls the corresponding ventilator to start.

[0063] A ventilator is provided at each of the top openings of the first and second semi-enclosed containers 16 to actively control the gas flow, accelerate the discharge of hydrogen, and reduce the risk of accumulation.

[0064] The setting of ventilators can quickly reduce the hydrogen concentration and reduce the risk of explosion and fire. Active ventilation can control the gas environment faster than natural diffusion and improve the emergency response capability of the system. Ventilators can keep the gas flowing under different environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity changes).

[0065] According to the above embodiment, in a specific embodiment, it further includes: a plurality of one-way valves 17;

[0066] The pipeline solenoid valve 14 is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through each of the one-way valves 17 .

[0067] The one-way valve 17 allows the fluid to flow in only one direction, preventing backflow. In a hydrogen system, this ensures that hydrogen will not flow back into the hydrogen storage bottle 11 or the sensor even in the event of a leak or other abnormality. The line solenoid valve 14 is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through the one-way valve 17, forming a protection mechanism to ensure that when the solenoid valve is closed, the pressure inside the system will not affect other components.

[0068] During normal hydrogen supply, the solenoid valve is open, and hydrogen flows to the hydrogen-using equipment through the one-way valve 17. The one-way valve 17 ensures the one-way flow of hydrogen. When a leak is detected, the controller closes the corresponding solenoid valve, and the one-way valve 17 prevents hydrogen from flowing back, reducing the risk of leakage. When the system is maintained or parts are replaced, the one-way valve 17 can prevent air or other gases from flowing back into the hydrogen storage system, protecting the system from contamination.

[0069] In addition, each pipeline solenoid valve 14 is connected to valves: a pressure reducer, a safety valve, a pressure sensor, etc., that is, each set of hydrogen supply pipelines has a complete hydrogen supply function.

[0070] Specifically, it also includes: a communication device;

[0071] When the hydrogen concentration sensor stops sending out an alarm signal, the controller records the location and time of the current leakage event, generates a maintenance report and sends it to the monitoring center through the communication device.

[0072] A ventilator is provided at each of the top openings of the first and second semi-enclosed containers 16 to improve the gas exchange efficiency and accelerate the discharge of the leaked hydrogen when hydrogen leakage is detected. When the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 sends an alarm signal, the controller will start the ventilator of the corresponding container to quickly reduce the hydrogen concentration and reduce potential safety risks.

[0073] When the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 stops sending alarm signals, the system records detailed information of the leakage event, including the location and time of occurrence. The system generates a maintenance report, including a detailed description of the leakage event, an impact assessment, and recommended maintenance measures, and sends the report to the monitoring center.

[0074] The present application also provides a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection method, which is applied to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, comprising: a plurality of groups of hydrogen storage bottles 11, a plurality of hydrogen concentration sensors 12, a plurality of bottle mouth solenoid valves 13, a plurality of pipeline solenoid valves 14, a controller, a first semi-enclosed container 15, and a second semi-enclosed container 16; the hydrogen storage bottles 11 are evenly arranged and distributed in the first semi-enclosed container 15, and the pipeline solenoid valve 14 is arranged in the second semi-enclosed container; the bottle mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle 11 is provided with the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13, the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 is connected to one end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves 14 through a gas pipeline, and the other end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves 14 is connected to a hydrogen-using device through a gas pipeline; a hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is arranged at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles 11; a hydrogen concentration sensor 12 is arranged in the second semi-enclosed container 16; each of the hydrogen concentration sensors 12, the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13, and the pipeline solenoid valve 14 is connected to the controller; correspondingly, Figure 2 A flow chart of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection method provided in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0075] S21: collecting signals of the hydrogen concentration sensors 12 in the first semi-enclosed container 15 and the second semi-enclosed container 16 in real time;

[0076] S22: If the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the first semi-enclosed container 15 sends out an alarm signal, the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 is closed according to the alarm sequence of the hydrogen concentration sensor 12;

[0077] S23: If an alarm signal from the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the second semi-enclosed container 16 is received, the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 is closed and another pipeline solenoid valve 14 is opened.

[0078] The controller monitors the status of the hydrogen concentration sensors 12 in the first and second semi-enclosed containers 16 in real time. Wireless or wired communication technology is used to collect sensor data. Different types of sensors can be selected to adapt to different detection ranges and accuracies, and are specifically connected to the controller through hard wires to receive alarm information.

[0079] When the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the first semi-enclosed container 15 detects a leak and sends an alarm signal, the controller identifies the source of the signal. The controller can use a variety of algorithms to process the signal, such as timestamp sorting, signal strength comparison, etc., to determine the leaking bottle group. According to the alarm sequence, the controller closes the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 of the corresponding hydrogen storage bottle 11 to cut off the hydrogen supply.

[0080] When the sensor in the second semi-enclosed container 16 sends an alarm signal, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens the standby pipeline solenoid valve 14. Monitoring phase: The system continuously monitors the hydrogen concentration to ensure timely detection of leaks. Once a leak is detected, the system responds quickly and performs a shutdown or switching operation according to the sensor alarm sequence and location information.

[0081] The controller precisely controls the closing and opening of the solenoid valve to minimize the impact of the leak and maintain the system's hydrogen supply capacity. After confirming that the leak is under control, the system maintains the solenoid valve state to supply hydrogen normally. The system can quickly identify leaks and respond to reduce the risk of hydrogen leaks. The solenoid valve is closed accurately according to the leak location, reducing unnecessary system downtime. By switching the pipeline solenoid valve 14, the system can maintain hydrogen supply to hydrogen-using equipment, improving the reliability of the system. Through real-time monitoring and rapid processing, the system greatly reduces the safety accidents that may be caused by hydrogen leaks.

[0082] Through the on-board hydrogen system leakage detection method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the controller receives the signals of each hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in real time, monitors the hydrogen leakage situation, and once the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 detects that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, it will send an alarm signal. According to the alarm sequence of the sensors in the first semi-closed container 15, the controller determines the approximate location of the leak. According to the leakage location, the controller closes the bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 of the corresponding hydrogen storage bottle 11 to cut off the leakage source. If the leakage occurs in the hydrogen supply pipeline, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve 14 and opens the spare pipeline solenoid valve 14 to ensure that the hydrogen supply is not interrupted. Targeted control is used to close the hydrogen storage bottle 11 where the leakage may occur to avoid leakage or failure that causes the inability to supply hydrogen, and effectively prevent safety accidents caused by hydrogen leakage. The redundant design of the pipeline solenoid valve 14 improves the reliability of the system in the face of failures.

[0083] According to the above embodiment, in a specific embodiment, closing the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve 13 according to the alarm sequence of the hydrogen concentration sensor 12 includes:

[0084] When receiving the alarm signal from the first hydrogen concentration sensor 12, all the bottle mouth solenoid valves 13 of the corresponding group of hydrogen storage bottles 11 are closed;

[0085] If after a preset time, multiple hydrogen concentration sensors 12 send out alarm signals, all the bottle mouth solenoid valves 13 of the hydrogen storage bottle 11 corresponding to the second hydrogen concentration sensor 12 that sends out an alarm signal are closed until no hydrogen concentration sensor 12 in the first semi-enclosed container 15 sends out an alarm signal;

[0086] If after the preset time, all hydrogen concentration sensors stop sending alarm signals, the current solenoid valve status is maintained to continue hydrogen supply.

[0087] When the first hydrogen concentration sensor 12 sends out an alarm signal, it indicates that a leak may have occurred. At this time, the system immediately closes all the bottle mouth solenoid valves 13 of the hydrogen storage bottle 11 group corresponding to the sensor to cut off the potential source of leakage. After a preset time (for example, 20 seconds), if other hydrogen concentration sensors 12 also send out an alarm signal, it indicates that there may be more than one leak. The system will close the bottle mouth solenoid valves 13 of the hydrogen storage bottle 11 group corresponding to the subsequent alarm sensors in sequence according to the order of the alarms. If no new alarm signal is issued within the preset time, or the existing alarm signal stops, the system will maintain the current solenoid valve state and continue to supply hydrogen. This indicates that the leak may have been controlled.

[0088] The system can quickly identify and respond to leaks, reducing the risk of hydrogen leaks. By closing the solenoid valves in sequence, the system minimizes the impact on normal hydrogen supply. The system design allows manual intervention when necessary, which improves operational flexibility. Through real-time monitoring and rapid processing, the system greatly reduces the safety accidents that may be caused by hydrogen leaks.

[0089] Finally, the embodiment of the present application also provides a rail train, including the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device. The rail train will integrate the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, including components such as a hydrogen storage bottle 11, a hydrogen concentration sensor 12, a solenoid valve, and a controller.

[0090] The above is a detailed introduction to the on-board hydrogen system leakage detection device, detection method and train provided by the present application. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the embodiments can refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the method part description. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

[0091] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device, characterized in that: Applicable to multiple groups of hydrogen storage bottles, including: multiple hydrogen concentration sensors, multiple bottle mouth solenoid valves, multiple pipeline solenoid valves, a controller, a first semi-closed container, and a second semi-closed container; the hydrogen storage bottles are arranged and distributed in the first semi-closed container, and the pipeline solenoid valves are arranged in the second semi-closed container; The mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle is provided with a bottle mouth solenoid valve, the bottle mouth solenoid valve is connected to one end of a plurality of pipeline solenoid valves through a gas pipeline, and the other ends of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves are connected to hydrogen-using equipment through a gas pipeline; a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles; a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided for the second semi-closed container; each of the hydrogen concentration sensors, the bottle mouth solenoid valve, and the pipeline solenoid valve are connected to a controller, and one of the pipeline solenoid valves is selectively opened; The controller closes the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve according to the alarm sequence of the alarm signal sent by the hydrogen concentration sensor in the first semi-closed container, and closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve and opens another pipeline solenoid valve according to the alarm signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container.

2. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of pipeline solenoid valves in the second semi-enclosed container is two; When the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container sends out an alarm signal, the controller closes the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve and opens another pipeline solenoid valve; if after a preset time, the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container stops sending out an alarm signal, the current solenoid valve state is maintained to continue the hydrogen supply operation; if after a preset time, the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-closed container continues to send out an alarm signal, all pipeline solenoid valves are closed and the hydrogen supply operation is stopped.

3. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first semi-enclosed container and the second semi-enclosed container are aluminum alloy plate boxes with holes opened on the top.

4. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: two ventilators; A ventilator is respectively arranged at the top opening of the first semi-enclosed container and the second semi-enclosed container; When the hydrogen concentration sensor sends out an alarm signal, the controller controls the corresponding ventilator to start.

5. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between each group of hydrogen storage bottles is greater than the distance between each hydrogen storage bottle in each group.

6. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Multiple one-way valves; The pipeline solenoid valve is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment through each of the one-way valves.

7. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Communication devices; When the hydrogen concentration sensor stops sending out an alarm signal, the controller records the location and time of the current leakage event, generates a maintenance report and sends it to the monitoring center through the communication device.

8. A method for detecting leakage of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system, characterized in that: The invention is applied to a leakage detection device for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system, comprising: a plurality of groups of hydrogen storage bottles, a plurality of hydrogen concentration sensors, a plurality of bottle mouth solenoid valves, a plurality of pipeline solenoid valves, a controller, a first semi-enclosed container, and a second semi-enclosed container; the hydrogen storage bottles are arranged and distributed in the first semi-enclosed container, and the pipeline solenoid valve is arranged in the second semi-enclosed container; the bottle mouth solenoid valve is arranged at the bottle mouth of each hydrogen storage bottle, the bottle mouth solenoid valve is connected to one end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves through a gas pipeline, and the other end of the plurality of pipeline solenoid valves is connected to a hydrogen-using device through a gas pipeline; a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the bottle mouth of each group of hydrogen storage bottles; a hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the second semi-enclosed container; each of the hydrogen concentration sensors, the bottle mouth solenoid valve, and the pipeline solenoid valve is connected to the controller, and one of the pipeline solenoid valves is selectively opened; correspondingly, the method comprises: collecting signals of hydrogen concentration sensors in the first semi-enclosed container and the second semi-enclosed container in real time; If the hydrogen concentration sensor in the first semi-enclosed container sends out an alarm signal, the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve is closed according to the alarm sequence of the hydrogen concentration sensor; If an alarm signal from the hydrogen concentration sensor in the second semi-enclosed container is received, the currently opened pipeline solenoid valve is closed and another pipeline solenoid valve is opened.

9. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of closing the corresponding bottle mouth solenoid valve according to the alarm sequence of the hydrogen concentration sensor comprises: When receiving the alarm signal of the first hydrogen concentration sensor, closing all the bottle mouth solenoid valves of the hydrogen storage bottles of the corresponding group; If after a preset time, multiple hydrogen concentration sensors send out alarm signals, all the bottle mouth solenoid valves of the hydrogen storage bottles corresponding to the second hydrogen concentration sensor that sends out an alarm signal are closed until no hydrogen concentration sensor in the first semi-closed container sends out an alarm signal; If after the preset time, all hydrogen concentration sensors stop sending alarm signals, the current solenoid valve status is maintained to continue hydrogen supply.

10. A train, characterized in that: The invention comprises the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system leakage detection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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