Top-blowing spray gun convenient to debug and method for judging whether top-blowing spray gun breaks down or not

Abstract

The invention discloses a top-blowing spray gun convenient to debug and a method for diagnosing whether the top-blowing spray gun breaks down or not. A flow regulating valve, a flow meter and a back pressure detection device are arranged on an upper pipe body of the top-blowing spray gun. After machining of the top-blowing spray gun is completed, the top-blowing spray gun is debugged through a water tank, data such as the opening degree, the flow, the penetration depth and the back pressure of a regulating valve and the height from an outlet of the top-blowing spray gun to the liquid level are collected, variable curve graphs and fitting curves are drawn, and variable correspondence is formed. When the top-blowing spray gun is put into use, data such as flow, back pressure of the top-blowing spray gun, melt liquid level and the like which are detected in real time are substituted into a fitting curve formula to solve the current theoretical back pressure of the top-blowing spray gun, and whether the top-blowing spray gun breaks down or not is judged by comparing the actually measured back pressure of the top-blowing spray gun with the calculated theoretical back pressure of the top-blowing spray gun. And the suspension blowing height and the penetration depth are adjusted. According to the invention, the adjustment of the suspended blowing height of the spray gun and the pre-diagnosis of the fault state of the top-blowing spray gun can be realized in a non-stop wind state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and in particular relates to a top-blowing spray gun which is easy to debug and a method for judging whether the top-blowing spray gun has a fault. Background Art

[0002] The multi-gun top-blowing furnace is mainly used for continuous blowing of liquid copper matte, among which the top-blowing spray gun is its core equipment. The top-blowing spray gun continuously provides the oxygen-rich air required for the blowing reaction in the molten pool. The top-blowing spray gun maintains a certain suspended blowing height from the liquid surface of the molten pool. The oxygen-rich air blown in penetrates the slag layer on the surface of the molten pool and is sent to the lower part of the molten pool to react with the liquid copper matte, completing the copper matte blowing to produce crude copper and slag.

[0003] At present, the height adjustment of the top-blowing spray gun of a multi-gun top-blowing furnace is mainly performed through the observation holes on both sides of the furnace, and the adjustment and diagnosis are performed by the naked eye and sound. During the adjustment, the oxygen must be stopped to clearly see the status of the spray gun in the furnace, resulting in production interruption and inaccurate height adjustment. In the actual production process, the liquid level of the molten pool is in a fluctuating state, but the top-blowing spray gun cannot be adjusted in real time according to the liquid level. There is often a large deviation between the actual hanging height and the set hanging height, and the penetration depth does not meet expectations, resulting in poor reaction or severe splashing in the furnace. The fault status of the top-blowing spray gun is mainly inferred from the reaction status, that is, observing the multi-gun top-blowing furnace to blow the crude copper sample, melt temperature, slag and copper fluidity to diagnose whether the spray gun is normal. At this time, it is also necessary to stop the wind for observation and confirmation, but sometimes the wind stop does not detect the spray gun failure, the diagnosis method is inaccurate, and it often takes a long time to find the problem of the spray gun failure, and the adjustment process is slow. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defect that the air flow needs to be stopped before judging whether a top-blowing spray gun is faulty, which affects production, the present invention provides a top-blowing spray gun which is easy to debug and a method for diagnosing whether it is faulty, which can judge the fault without stopping the air flow and does not affect copper smelting production.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug, wherein the top-blowing spray gun is arranged above the refining furnace through a lifting device, and a flow regulating valve, a flow meter and a back pressure detection device are arranged on the upper pipe body of the top-blowing spray gun; The upper tube body is movably connected to the spray gun blowpipe, and a rotating device is provided at the connection; the spray gun blowpipe is connected to the rotating device by power coupling; The utility model also comprises a water tank for debugging. The water tank body is transparent and is provided with scale lines.

[0006] The method for determining whether the top-blowing spray gun, which is easy to debug, is faulty comprises the following steps: S1: Assemble the top-blowing spray gun, place the top-blowing spray gun on the water tank for debugging, collect debugging data, draw a variable curve according to the debugging data, and perform formula fitting; S2: Put the top blowing lance into production, blow gas into the blowing furnace for blowing reaction, and collect real-time opening data, blowing flow data, back pressure data and suspended blowing height data through the flow control valve, flow meter back pressure detection device and lifting device; S3: Compare the opening data, blowing flow data, back pressure data, and suspended blowing height with the variable curve of step S1 for theoretical values ​​to determine whether the top blowing gun is faulty.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the variable curve drawing method in step S1 is as follows: R1: Assemble the top-blowing spray gun, adjust the muzzle of the spray gun blowpipe and the hanging blowing height in the water tank to make the hanging blowing height constant at 200mm, press 500Nm 3 The flow rate of the flow regulating valve is gradually increased to 100% opening, the back pressure value and penetration depth under different injection flow rates are recorded, and the injection flow-back pressure, injection flow-penetration depth scatter plots are drawn, and the variable curve is fitted; R2: The opening of the constant flow control valve is 100%, and the suspended blowing height is adjusted to 50mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, and 500mm, respectively. The back pressure values ​​and penetration depths at different suspended blowing heights are recorded, and the suspended blowing height-back pressure, suspended blowing height-penetration depth scatter plots are drawn, and the variable curve is fitted; R3: Block 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the blowpipe cross section of the spray gun respectively, keep the suspended blowing height at 200 mm, keep the flow regulating valve opening at 100%, record the blowing flow, back pressure value and penetration depth under different blowing cross sections, draw the scatter plots of outlet cross section-blowing flow, outlet cross section-back pressure and outlet cross section-penetration depth, and fit the variable curve; R4: Bend the spray gun blowpipe at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° respectively, set the opening of the constant flow regulating valve to 100%, and set the constant suspended blowing height to 200 mm. Record the spray flow, back pressure value and penetration depth at different bending angles, draw scatter plots of bending angle-spray flow, bending angle-back pressure and bending angle-penetration depth, and fit the variable curve.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the determination method of step S3 is specifically as follows: A: When the flow regulating valve of the top-blowing spray gun is opened to 100% and the suspended blowing height remains unchanged, substitute the current outlet section data into the fitting curve of outlet section-flow, and calculate the corresponding spray flow rate by interpolation or formula method. When the spray flow rate is too low or cannot meet the penetration depth shown by the fitting curve, diagnose that the outlet of the top-blowing spray gun is blocked, stop the air flow and connect the gun; B: When the flow control valve opening and the suspended blowing height remain unchanged, if there is a sudden drop point in the back pressure detection history curve of the top blowing spray gun, and the current blowing flow is stable and unchanged or increases, it is determined that the top blowing spray gun is broken; if the top blowing spray gun is long enough, the position of the top blowing spray gun is lowered to the set suspended blowing height through the lifting device; if the top blowing spray gun is short, the air is stopped and the gun is connected; C: When the flow rate of the top-blowing spray gun remains unchanged and the suspended blowing height of the top-blowing spray gun is reduced, the back pressure change value is significantly inconsistent with the change of the suspended blowing height ~ back pressure curve, but is the same as the change of the bending angle ~ back pressure curve. It is determined that the top-blowing spray gun is bent, but its corresponding penetration depth cannot meet the reaction requirements, and it is necessary to stop the air and connect the gun.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for solving the suspended blowing height and penetration depth of the top blowing spray gun is to substitute the current blowing flow rate of the top blowing spray gun into the fitting curves of flow rate-back pressure and suspended blowing height-back pressure, and calculate the theoretical back pressure value under the current blowing flow rate and suspended blowing height by interpolation method or formula method; If the theoretical back pressure is less than the measured back pressure, the top-blowing gun suspension height is gradually lowered or the top-blowing gun flow rate is increased through the lifting device until the theoretical back pressure equals the measured back pressure and the required molten pool penetration depth is reached, and the adjustment is completed; If the theoretical back pressure is greater than the measured back pressure, the top-blowing lance suspension height is raised by the lifting device or the top-blowing lance flow rate is increased until the theoretical back pressure equals the measured back pressure and the required molten pool penetration depth is reached, and the adjustment is completed; If the theoretical back pressure = the measured back pressure, or the deviation is very small, no adjustment is made.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention collects data during the debugging process of the top-blowing spray gun to form theoretical calculation data such as fitting curves, monitors the flow rate, back pressure and other data of the top-blowing spray gun during production, and can realize the adjustment of the suspended blowing height of the spray gun without stopping the wind and the pre-diagnosis of the fault state of the top-blowing spray gun through analysis, avoids frequent wind stop inspections and untimely adjustment of the suspended blowing height of the top-blowing spray gun of a multi-gun top-blowing furnace, and reduces the difficulty of fault handling and labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top blowing spray gun structure of the present invention.

[0012] Figure numerals: 1-flow regulating valve, 2-flow meter, 3-back pressure detection device, 4-lifting device, 5-rotating device, 6-spray gun blowpipe, 7-water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means used are all conventional technical means in the art. Example 1

[0014] A top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug and a method for diagnosing whether it fails during production include the following steps: (1) Install a top-blowing spray gun, such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper tube body of the top-blowing spray gun is provided with a flow regulating valve 1, a flow meter 2 and a back pressure detection device 3; the upper tube body is movably connected with the spray gun blowpipe 6, and a rotating device 5 is provided at the connection; the spray gun blowpipe 6 is connected with the rotating device 5 by power coupling. It also includes a water tank 7 for debugging; the water tank 7 is transparent and has scale lines.

[0015] (2) Debug the top-blowing spray gun and collect debugging data. The specific method is as follows: R1: Adjust the muzzle of the spray gun blowpipe 6 and the hanging height in the water tank 7 to make the hanging height constant at 200mm, according to 500Nm 3 The flow rate of the flow regulating valve 1 is gradually increased until the opening is 100%, the back pressure values ​​and penetration depths at different injection flow rates are recorded, and the scatter plots of injection flow rate-back pressure and injection flow rate-penetration depth are drawn, and the variable curve is fitted; R2: The opening of the constant flow control valve is 100%, and the suspended blowing height is adjusted to 50mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, and 500mm, respectively. The back pressure values ​​and penetration depths at different suspended blowing heights are recorded, and the suspended blowing height-back pressure, suspended blowing height-penetration depth scatter plots are drawn, and the variable curve is fitted; R3: Block 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the cross section of the spray gun blowpipe 6 respectively, keep the suspended blowing height at 200mm, keep the flow regulating valve opening at 100%, record the spray flow, back pressure value and penetration depth under different spray cross sections, draw the scatter plots of outlet cross section-spray flow, outlet cross section-back pressure and outlet cross section-penetration depth, and fit the variable curve; R4: Bend the spray gun blowpipe 6 at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° respectively, set the opening of the constant flow regulating valve to 100%, set the constant suspended blowing height to 200 mm, record the spray flow rate, back pressure value and penetration depth at different bending angles, draw scatter plots of bending angle-spray flow rate, bending angle-back pressure and bending angle-penetration depth, and fit the variable curve.

[0016] (3) The top-blowing spray gun is put into use to blow high-speed gas for the blowing reaction. The flow rate of a single top-blowing spray gun = total air supply / number of top-blowing spray guns. The spray flow rate of all top-blowing spray guns is kept constant at Q through flow control valve 1. 测 ; (4) According to the slag layer thickness H 渣 (Theoretical penetration depth h 穿 ), the top-blowing spray gun actually detects the spray flow rate Q 测 , substitute the fitting curves of overhang height-penetration depth and overhang height-back pressure obtained in step (2) to solve, and obtain the theoretical overhang height H and theoretical back pressure value P; (5) During production, when the molten pool level fluctuates and the top-blowing spray gun tip burns out, the spray flow rate Q is constant. 测 The measured back pressure value P 测 will also change, and the back pressure value P will be measured 测 Compare with the theoretical back pressure value P; If the theoretical back pressure value P < measured back pressure value P 测 , then gradually lower the top-blowing spray gun's suspended blowing height through the lifting device until the theoretical back pressure equals the measured back pressure, and the required molten pool penetration depth is achieved, and the adjustment is completed; If the theoretical back pressure value P> measured back pressure value P 测 , then the lifting device is used to raise the top-blowing spray gun's suspended blowing height until the theoretical back pressure equals the measured back pressure, and the required molten pool penetration depth is achieved, and the adjustment is completed; If the theoretical back pressure value P = measured back pressure value P 测 , or if the deviation is very small, no adjustment is made. Example 2

[0017] A top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug and a method for diagnosing whether it fails during production include the following steps: (1) Same as Example 1; (2) Same as Example 1; (3) Same as in Example 1; (4) When the suspended blowing height remains constant and the working conditions do not change, the actual flow rate of a top blowing gun is Q 异 , when Q 异 <Q 测 Diagnose the top-blowing spray gun as being clogged; (5) Use the fitting curve of outlet cross section and flow obtained during the debugging process to solve the flow rate Q 异 The corresponding top blowing gun outlet cross section S 异 , diagnose blockage conditions; (6) The top-blowing gun outlet cross-section is set to S. When S 异 <0.5S, or Q 异 <0.5Q 测 If the production demand cannot be met, the air is stopped and the gun is connected. After the gun is connected, the steps (4) to (5) of Example 1 are followed to switch to normal production. Example 3

[0018] A top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug and a method for diagnosing whether it fails during production include the following steps: (1) Same as Example 1; (2) Same as Example 1; (3) Same as in Example 1; (4) When the suspended blowing height remains constant and the working conditions do not change, the actual detected back pressure of a top blowing gun is P 异 , when P 异 When the back pressure detection history shows a sudden change value and the injection flow rate increases, it is diagnosed that the top blowing gun is broken; (5) Use the fitted curve of suspended blowing height and back pressure obtained during the debugging process to solve the constant flow rate Q 测 Next P 异 Corresponding overhang height H 异 ; (6) When H>>H 异 When the top-blowing spray gun is broken, diagnose that the top-blowing spray gun is broken. If the top-blowing spray gun is long enough, the top-blowing spray gun position is lowered to the set hanging blowing height (adjusted according to the theoretical back pressure) through the lifting device 1. If the top-blowing spray gun is not long enough, the air is stopped and the gun is connected. After the gun is connected, the steps (4) to (5) of Example 1 are followed to switch to normal production.

[0019] (7) It can also be observed that when P suddenly drops sharply to P 异 When the top-blowing spray gun is broken, diagnose that the top-blowing spray gun is broken. If the top-blowing spray gun is long enough, the top-blowing spray gun position is lowered to the set hanging blowing height (adjusted according to the theoretical back pressure) through the lifting device 4. If the top-blowing spray gun is not long enough, the air is stopped and the gun is connected. After the gun is connected, the steps (4) to (5) of Example 1 are followed to switch to normal production. Example 4

[0020] A top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug and a method for diagnosing whether it fails during production include the following steps: (1) Same as Example 1; (2) Same as Example 1; (3) Same as in Example 1; (4) When the suspended blowing height remains constant and the working conditions do not change, the actual detected back pressure of a top blowing gun is P 恒 , and its change process is relatively gentle; (5) When the suspended blowing height is raised or lowered by the lifting device 4, the corresponding back pressure change value does not match the suspended blowing height-back pressure fitting curve obtained by debugging, but can correspond to the bending angle-back pressure fitting curve, then it is diagnosed that the top blowing spray gun has a bent gun; (6) The bending angle is obtained according to the change of the back pressure. When the bending angle is greater than 30°, the air is stopped and the gun is connected. After the gun is connected, the steps (4) to (5) of Example 1 are followed to switch to normal production.

[0021] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug, the top-blowing spray gun is arranged above the refining furnace through a lifting device (4), characterized in that: A flow regulating valve (1), a flow meter (2) and a back pressure detection device (3) are provided on the upper pipe body of the top-blowing spray gun; The upper tube body is movably connected to the spray gun blow pipe (6), and a rotating device (5) is provided at the connection; the spray gun blow pipe (6) is connected to the rotating device (5) by power coupling; Also included is a water tank (7) for commissioning.

2. The top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water tank (7) is transparent and is provided with scale lines.

3. The method for determining whether a top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 is faulty, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: assembling the top-blowing spray gun, placing the top-blowing spray gun on the water tank (7) for debugging, collecting debugging data, drawing a variable curve based on the debugging data, and performing formula fitting; S2: Put the top-blowing lance into production, blow gas into the blowing furnace to perform a blowing reaction, and collect real-time opening data, blowing flow data, back pressure data and suspended blowing height data through the flow control valve (1), flow meter (2), back pressure detection device (3) and lifting device (4); S3: Compare the opening data, blowing flow data, back pressure data, and suspended blowing height with the variable curve of step S1 for theoretical values ​​to determine whether the top blowing gun is faulty.

4. The method for determining whether a top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The variable curve drawing method of step S1 is as follows: R1: Assemble the top-blowing spray gun, adjust the muzzle of the spray gun blowpipe (6) and the hanging blowing height in the water tank (7) to make the hanging blowing height constant at 200mm, and press 500Nm 3 The opening of the flow regulating valve (1) is gradually increased until the opening is 100%, the back pressure values ​​and penetration depths at different injection flow rates are recorded, and scatter plots of injection flow rate-back pressure and injection flow rate-penetration depth are drawn, and variable curves are fitted; R2: The opening of the constant flow control valve is 100%, and the suspended blowing height is adjusted to 50mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm, 250mm, 300mm, 350mm, 400mm, and 500mm, respectively. The back pressure values ​​and penetration depths at different suspended blowing heights are recorded, and the suspended blowing height-back pressure, suspended blowing height-penetration depth scatter plots are drawn, and the variable curve is fitted; R3: Block 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the cross section of the spray gun blowpipe (6) respectively, keep the suspended blowing height at 200 mm, keep the flow control valve opening at 100%, record the spray flow rate, back pressure value and penetration depth under different spray cross sections, draw scatter plots of outlet cross section-spray flow rate, outlet cross section-back pressure and outlet cross section-penetration depth, and fit the variable curve; R4: The spray gun blowpipe (6) was bent at 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° respectively, the opening of the constant flow regulating valve was 100%, the constant hanging height was 200 mm, the spray flow rate, back pressure value and penetration depth at different bending angles were recorded, and scatter plots of bending angle-spray flow rate, bending angle-back pressure and bending angle-penetration depth were drawn, and variable curves were fitted.

5. The method for determining whether a top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The determination method of step S3 is specifically as follows: A: When the flow control valve (1) of the top-blowing spray gun is opened to 100% and the suspended blowing height remains unchanged, substitute the current outlet cross-section data into the fitting curve of outlet cross-section and flow rate, and calculate the corresponding spray flow rate by interpolation or formula method. When the spray flow rate is too low or cannot meet the penetration depth shown by the fitting curve, diagnose that the outlet of the top-blowing spray gun is blocked, stop the air flow and connect the gun; B: When the flow control valve (1) has a constant opening and the suspended blowing height remains unchanged, if there is a sudden drop in the back pressure detection history curve of the top-blowing spray gun, and the current spray flow rate is stable and unchanged or increases, it is determined that the top-blowing spray gun is broken; if the top-blowing spray gun is long enough, the position of the top-blowing spray gun is lowered to the set suspended blowing height through the lifting device (4); if the top-blowing spray gun is short, the air is stopped and the gun is connected; C: When the flow rate of the top-blowing spray gun remains unchanged and the suspended blowing height of the top-blowing spray gun is reduced, the back pressure change value is significantly inconsistent with the change of the suspended blowing height ~ back pressure curve, but is the same as the change of the bending angle ~ back pressure curve. It is determined that the top-blowing spray gun is bent, but its corresponding penetration depth cannot meet the reaction requirements, and it is necessary to stop the air and connect the gun.

6. The method for determining whether a top-blowing spray gun that is easy to debug according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The method for solving the suspended blowing height and penetration depth of the top blowing spray gun is to substitute the current blowing flow rate of the top blowing spray gun into the fitting curves of flow rate-back pressure and suspended blowing height-back pressure, and calculate the theoretical back pressure value under the current blowing flow rate and suspended blowing height by interpolation method or formula method; If the theoretical back pressure is less than the measured back pressure, the top-blowing gun suspension height is gradually lowered or the top-blowing gun flow rate is increased through the lifting device until the theoretical back pressure equals the measured back pressure and the required molten pool penetration depth is reached, and the adjustment is completed; If the theoretical back pressure is greater than the measured back pressure, the top-blowing lance suspension height is raised by the lifting device or the top-blowing lance flow rate is increased until the theoretical back pressure equals the measured back pressure and the required molten pool penetration depth is reached, and the adjustment is completed; If the theoretical back pressure = the measured back pressure, or the deviation is very small, no adjustment is made.

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