Drilling explosive filling device for tunnel construction blasting

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling explosive filling device for tunnel construction blasting, which belongs to the field of tunnel construction and comprises a base plate, a drill bit is rotatably connected to one end of the base plate, a sleeve rod for extending the length of the drill bit is slidably connected to the outer wall of the drill bit, an annular air bag is arranged in the sleeve rod, and an expansion structure is mounted in the annular air bag. An annular supporting block is arranged, when a first spring and a second spring push a connecting rod to turn over to be in a vertical state, the annular supporting block pushes an annular air bag to abut against the interior of the hole, and the hole is sealed; according to the device, explosives are enabled to explode in a relatively closed space, explosion energy is enabled to act on rocks more intensively, so that the energy utilization rate and the crushing effect of the explosives are improved, meanwhile, dust, gas and the like generated in the drilling process are effectively prevented from leaking, and the working environment and the health and safety of workers are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a drilling and charging device for blasting in tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] Explosive blasting technology can adapt to various complex geological conditions and can quickly destroy rock structures to form excavation surfaces, thereby greatly improving construction efficiency. Compared with manual or mechanical excavation, explosive blasting can complete the crushing of a large amount of rock in a short period of time.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting (publication number CN114279284B), which includes a mounting seat slidably arranged on a frame and a rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, the rotating shaft is hollow and through, one end of the rotating shaft is a drug inlet, and the other end is a drug outlet; a driving gear is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft near the drug inlet, and the driving gear is connected to a driving motor; a drill bit for drilling is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft near the drug outlet; the drill bit has two working states; the drill bit is closed to close the drug outlet, and the drill bit is used for drilling; the drill bit is opened to open the drug outlet; the rotating shaft is fixedly installed in a casing, and the casing is rotatably installed on the mounting seat, and an expansion component is also arranged at one end of the rotating shaft near the drug outlet, and a notch is opened at one end of the casing near the drug outlet, and the expansion component is slidably installed in the casing, and the expansion component extends from the notch when the drill bit is in the state to seal the drill hole.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above search and in combination with the existing, in order to improve the blasting effect, after using the above device to place explosives, the staff needs to seal the dug holes, but during blasting, multiple holes need to be opened, so the staff needs to seal them one by one, which is not only troublesome, but also some holes are located at a high position. Therefore, when the staff seals them, they need to use tools such as ladders, scaffolding or aerial work platforms. However, the light inside the tunnel is dim and the space is small, which is not only easy to fall and get injured, but also the staff cannot see the internal situation of the hole clearly when sealing, which is prone to problems such as poor sealing, air leakage and water leakage, thereby affecting the blasting effect. Therefore, the present invention provides a method to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising a base plate, one end of the base plate is rotatably connected to a drill bit, the outer wall of the drill bit is slidably connected to a sleeve rod for extending the length of the drill bit, an annular airbag is installed inside the sleeve rod, an expansion structure is installed inside the annular airbag, and the expansion structure is expanded and blocked inside the hole, a hollow gear for driving the drill bit to rotate is rotatably connected inside the base plate through a bearing, a connecting gear is rotatably connected to the top of the hollow gear, a gas transmission structure is installed at one end of the connecting gear away from the sleeve rod, and gas is transmitted to the inside of the sleeve rod through the gas transmission structure; The expansion structure includes an annular rod, which is movably sleeved inside the annular airbag. The outer wall of the annular rod is slidably connected with an annular support block, and the annular airbag is pushed to abut against the inside of the hole by the annular support block to seal the hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer wall of the annular rod is provided with a sliding groove for providing sliding of the annular support block, and the outer wall at the top of the sliding groove is slidably connected with two groups of connecting rods, and a spring 1 is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting rods, and a spring 2 is fixedly installed at one end of one group of connecting rods away from the drill bit, and the connecting rods are pushed to flip to a vertical state by spring 1 and spring 2.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the hollow gear is rotatably connected to a transmission gear for driving the connecting gear to rotate, the hollow gear is meshed with the transmission gear, and both ends of the hollow gear are rotatably connected to support gears for assisting the rotation of the hollow gear.

[0009] Furthermore, an arc sleeve is fixedly installed inside the sleeve rod, and there are eight groups of arc sleeves in total, and the axis array is on the inner wall of the sleeve rod. The arc sleeve is slidably connected inside with an arc plate for following the flipping of the drill bit.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas transmission structure includes an air storage box, the outer wall of which is fixedly mounted on the inner cavity of the substrate, a diaphragm is fixedly mounted inside the air storage box through a frame, and a pull rod is rotatably connected to the top of the diaphragm.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the air storage box is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, a one-way valve one is fixedly installed between the air storage box and the air inlet pipe, and one end of the air storage box is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe, a one-way valve two is fixedly installed between the air storage box and the air outlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the substrate is rotatably connected to a shell, the top of the shell is fixedly connected to a hook for helping to fix the substrate, a rubber belt is fixedly installed inside the shell, a rubber pad is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rubber belt, and a plurality of groups of rubber pads are rotatably connected to the inside of each of the groups of rubber pads.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the base plate is threadedly connected to an extension support block, the outer wall of the extension support block is rotatably connected to four groups of cylinders for pushing the shell to flip through a pin shaft, one end of the extension support block is fixedly connected to a support shell, and the support shell passes through the base plate and the sleeve rod and is slidably inserted into the interior of the annular airbag. Beneficial Effects

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an annular support block so that when the spring one and the spring two push the connecting rod to flip to a vertical state, the annular support block pushes the annular air bag to abut against the inside of the hole to seal the hole, ensuring that the explosive explodes in a relatively closed space, so that the explosion energy acts more concentratedly on the rock, thereby improving the energy utilization rate and crushing effect of the explosive, and effectively preventing the dust, gas, etc. generated during the drilling process from leaking out, thereby protecting the working environment and the health and safety of the workers.

[0015] 2. The present invention provides a shell so that the shell drives the hook to be inserted into the tunnel, assisting the staff to fix the substrate, thereby improving the stability of the substrate, reducing the shaking of the substrate caused by vibration during the drilling process, and improving the drilling accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a casing rod structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an annular support block of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the extended drill bit structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting gear structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air storage box for a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the shell structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rubber pad for a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting; Fig.10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the annular airbag structure of a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting.

[0017] In the figure: 1, base plate; 2, extension drill bit; 3, sleeve rod; 4, annular airbag; 5, expansion structure; 6, hollow gear; 7, gas transmission structure; 8, shell; 9, handle; 301, annular groove; 302, arc sleeve; 303, arc plate; 304, arc groove; 305, column groove; 501, annular rod; 502, annular support block; 503, slide groove; 504, connecting rod; 505, spring 1; 506, spring 2; 507, slide bar; 508, adapter block; 601, Connecting gear; 602, transmission gear; 603, supporting gear; 604, motor; 701, air storage box; 702, diaphragm; 703, pull rod; 704, rotating shaft; 705, through groove; 706, one-way valve one; 707, air inlet pipe; 708, air outlet pipe; 709, one-way valve two; 801, rubber belt; 802, rubber pad; 803, card plate; 804, spring three; 805, extension support block; 806, cylinder; 807, support shell; 808, plug hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting includes a base plate 1, one end of which is rotatably connected to a drill bit 2, the outer wall of the drill bit 2 is slidably connected to a sleeve rod 3 for extending the length of the drill bit 2, the drill bit 2 is composed of a plurality of triangular plates, and the outer wall of the drill bit 2 is provided with an external thread that is helpful for drilling holes, and the inner wall of the tunnel is drilled by rotating the drill bit 2, an annular air bag 4 is installed inside the sleeve rod 3, the annular air bag 4 is adhered to the inside of the sleeve rod 3 by glue, and the annular air bag 4 is shrunk and squeezed inside the sleeve rod 3 before use (for details, please refer to Fig.10 ), an expansion structure 5 is installed inside the annular airbag 4, and the expansion structure 5 is expanded and blocked inside the hole to seal the inside of the hole, thereby improving the blasting effect of the explosives, a hollow gear 6 for driving the drill bit 2 to rotate is rotatably connected inside the base plate 1 through a bearing, an annular groove 301 for providing rotation of the sleeve rod 3 is opened inside the base plate 1, the sleeve rod 3 is rotatably connected inside the annular groove 301, the end of the sleeve rod 3 away from the drill bit 2 is fixedly connected to the hollow gear 6, the top of the hollow gear 6 is rotatably connected to a connecting gear 601, and the hollow gear 6 and the connecting gear 601 are meshed with each other, and a gas delivery structure 7 is installed at the end of the connecting gear 601 away from the sleeve rod 3, and gas is delivered to the inside of the sleeve rod 3 through the gas delivery structure 7, so that the sleeve rod 3 is expanded; The expansion structure 5 includes an annular rod 501, which is movably sleeved inside the annular airbag 4. The outer wall of the annular rod 501 is slidably connected with an annular support block 502, and the annular airbag 4 is pushed to abut against the inside of the hole by the annular support block 502 to seal the hole. Specifically, the sleeve rod 3 is composed of three hollow rods, and the inner diameters of the three hollow tubes are different, so that the large hollow tube is sleeved on the outer wall of the small hollow tube, and a group of sleeve rods 3 is provided with a column groove 305 for gas to enter the annular airbag 4.

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The outer wall of the annular rod 501 is provided with a sliding groove 503 for providing the sliding of the annular support block 502. The outer wall at the top of the sliding groove 503 is slidably connected with two groups of connecting rods 504, and the top of the connecting rod 504 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the annular support block 502 by a pin shaft. A spring 1 505 is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting rods 504. A spring 2 506 is fixedly installed at one end of one group of connecting rods 504 away from the drill bit 2, and the connecting rod 504 is pushed to flip to a vertical state by the spring 1 505 and the spring 2 506. Specifically, a slide bar 507 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove 503, and the bottom of the connecting rod 504 is rotatably connected to the top of the slide bar 507 by a pin shaft. One end of a group of connecting rods 504 close to the spring 2 506 is fixedly connected to a transfer block 508, the top of the spring 2 506 is fixedly connected to the top of the transfer block 508, and the bottom of the spring 2 506 is fixedly connected to the top of the annular rod 501.

[0021] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The bottom of the hollow gear 6 is rotatably connected with a transmission gear 602 for driving the connecting gear 601 to rotate, and the hollow gear 6 is meshed with the transmission gear 602. Both ends of the hollow gear 6 are rotatably connected with support gears 603 for assisting the rotation of the hollow gear 6, and the support gear 603 is meshed with the hollow gear 6, so that when in use, the hollow gear 6 is assisted to rotate, thereby improving the stability of the hollow gear 6. A motor 604 for driving the transmission gear 602 to rotate is fixedly installed inside the base plate 1, and the motor 604 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear 602, so that the transmission gear 602 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 604, and the transmission gear 602 is used to drive the hollow gear 6, the sleeve rod 3 and the drill bit 2 to rotate, and then the connecting gear 601 is driven to rotate through the hollow gear 6.

[0022] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4The arc sleeve 302 is fixedly installed inside the sleeve rod 3, and the arc sleeve 302 is provided with eight groups and the axis array is on the inner wall of the sleeve rod 3, and the arc sleeve 302 is slidably connected inside the arc plate 303 for following the flipping of the drill bit 2. Specifically, an arc groove 304 is opened inside the arc sleeve 302, and the arc plate 303 is slidably connected inside the arc groove 304. The end of the arc plate 303 away from the arc sleeve 302 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 2. When the annular airbag 4 lifts the drill bit 2, the drill bit 2 drives the arc plate 303 to slide inside the arc sleeve 302, so that the arc plate 303 slides in the arc groove 304, and the inside of the arc groove 304 is in a sealed state. When the arc plate 303 slides in the arc groove 304, negative pressure is generated inside the arc groove 304, and the arc sleeve 302 generates a certain suction force through the negative pressure, so that the annular airbag 4 is separated from the inside of the drill bit 2, and the drill bit 2 is pulled to reset.

[0023] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 5-Figure 6 A drilling and charging device for blasting in tunnel construction, which differs from Example 1 in that a gas transmission structure 7 includes an air storage box 701, an outer wall of which is fixedly mounted on the inner cavity of a substrate 1, a diaphragm 702 is fixedly mounted inside the air storage box 701 through a frame, and a pull rod 703 is rotatably connected to the top of the diaphragm 702. Specifically, an end of a connecting gear 601 away from a drill bit 2 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 704, and a pull rod 703 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 704, so that when the connecting gear 601 rotates, the pull rod 703 is pulled to flip through the rotating shaft 704, so that the pull rod 703 pulls the diaphragm 702 to move up and down, and a through groove 705 is provided inside the air storage box 701 to provide the pull rod 703 with a flipping function.

[0024] See also Figure 5-Figure 6 One end of the air storage box 701 is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe 707, a one-way valve 1 706 is fixedly installed between the air storage box 701 and the air inlet pipe 707, and the one-way valve 1 706 allows the gas to enter the air storage box 701 only through the air inlet pipe 707, one end of the air storage box 701 is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe 708, a one-way valve 2 709 is fixedly installed between the air storage box 701 and the air outlet pipe 708, and the one-way valve 2 709 allows the gas to flow out only through the air outlet pipe 708 and cannot flow back to the air storage box 701 again.

[0025] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 7-Figure 9, a drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting, which is different from Example 1 in that the outer wall of the substrate 1 is rotatably connected to the shell 8 through a pin shaft, the top of the shell 8 is fixedly connected to a hook 808 for helping to fix the substrate 1, a rubber belt 801 is fixedly installed inside the shell 8, and a rubber pad 802 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rubber belt 801. The rubber pad 802 is provided in multiple groups and arrayed on the outer wall of the rubber belt 801. The multiple groups of rubber pads 802 are rotatably connected to the inside of each card plate 803. Specifically, the card plate 803 is away from the substrate 1. A handle 9 is fixedly connected to one end, and the clamping plate 803 is lifted by grasping the handle 9. The clamping plate 803 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rubber belt 801 through a pin shaft. A spring three 804 is fixedly connected between the clamping plate 803 and the rubber belt 801, and the clamping plate 803 is pulled by the spring three 804 to flip inside the rubber belt 801, so that it fits better to the rock surface inside the tunnel. In addition, the toughness of the rubber belt 801 itself is used to protect the shell 8, thereby reducing the deformation of the shell 8 caused by squeezing and fixing due to the stone protrusions on the inner wall of the tunnel when fixing.

[0026] See also Figure 7-Figure 9 One end of the substrate 1 is threadedly connected with an extension support block 805, and the outer wall of the extension support block 805 is rotatably connected with four groups of cylinders 806 for pushing the shell 8 to flip through a pin shaft. One end of the extension support block 805 is fixedly connected with a support shell 807, and the support shell 807 penetrates the substrate 1 and the sleeve rod 3 and is slidably inserted in the annular airbag 4. Specifically, the shell 8 is pushed to flip by driving the cylinder 806, so that the shell 8 drives the rubber belt 801 to fit the inner wall of the tunnel. At the same time, the shell 8 can drive the hook 808 to be inserted into the stone gap in the inner wall of the tunnel to fix the substrate 1.

[0027] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: firstly, the explosive is placed inside the support shell 807, and the extension support block 805 is rotated to be threadedly connected with the base plate 1, so that the support shell 807 is inserted into the annular airbag 4, and the explosive is allowed to enter the annular airbag 4 through the tilting device, and then the shell 1 is lifted by grasping the handle 9, and the extension drill bit 2 is aligned with the position where a hole needs to be drilled, and the cylinder 806 is driven to push the shell 8 to flip, so that the shell 8 drives the rubber belt 801 to fit the inner wall of the tunnel, and at the same time, the plug hook 808 is pushed to insert into the tunnel, and the base plate 1 is fixed, so that when the rubber belt 801 rotates, the card plate 803 drives the rubber pad 802 to abut against the inner wall of the tunnel, thereby improving the stability of the base plate 1, and the transmission gear 602 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 604, and the transmission gear 602 is used to drive the hollow gear 6, the sleeve rod 3 and the drill bit 2 to rotate, so that the extension drill bit 2 drills the inner wall of the tunnel, and at the same time, the hollow gear 6 can drive the connecting gear 601 to rotate, so that when the connecting gear 601 rotates, the rotating shaft 704 pulls The movable pull rod 703 is flipped, so that the pull rod 703 pulls the diaphragm 702 to move up and down. When the diaphragm 702 moves up, the gas can be drawn into the gas storage box 701 through the air inlet pipe 707, and when it moves down, the gas is squeezed to flow into the inside of the sleeve rod 3 through the air outlet pipe 708, so that when the sleeve rod 3 is unfolded, the extension drill bit 2 is pushed into the tunnel to the required depth. At the same time, as the sleeve rod 3 is continuously unfolded, when the sleeve rod 3 is fully unfolded, the gas can enter the inside of the annular air bag 4 through the column groove 305, so that After one end of the annular airbag 4 bulges, it lifts up the drill bit 2, and drives the expansion structure 5 and the explosive wrapped inside it to move out of the interior of the sleeve rod 3 through the drill bit 2. The annular support block 502 loses the limit of the sleeve rod 3, so that the spring 1 505 and the spring 2 506 push the connecting rod 504 to flip to a vertical state, thereby pushing the annular support block 502 to unfold, so that the annular support block 502 pushes the annular airbag 4 to abut against the inside of the hole, sealing the hole, and then taking the device out of the tunnel, and igniting the explosive for blasting.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: One end of the base plate (1) is rotatably connected to a drill bit (2); the outer wall of the drill bit (2) is slidably connected to a sleeve rod (3) for extending the length of the drill bit (2); an annular air bag (4) is installed inside the sleeve rod (3); an expansion structure (5) is installed inside the annular air bag (4), and the expansion structure (5) is expanded and blocked inside the hole; a hollow gear (6) for driving the drill bit (2) to rotate is rotatably connected inside the base plate (1) via a bearing; a connecting gear (601) is rotatably connected to the top of the hollow gear (6); a gas transmission structure (7) is installed at one end of the connecting gear (601) away from the sleeve rod (3), and gas is transmitted to the inside of the sleeve rod (3) via the gas transmission structure (7); The expansion structure (5) comprises an annular rod (501), the annular rod (501) being movably sleeved inside the annular airbag (4), the outer wall of the annular rod (501) being slidably connected to an annular support block (502), and the annular airbag (4) is pushed by the annular support block (502) to abut against the inside of the hole, thereby sealing the hole.

2. A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular rod (501) is provided with a sliding groove (503) for providing sliding of the annular support block (502); the top outer wall of the sliding groove (503) is slidably connected with two groups of connecting rods (504); a spring 1 (505) is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting rods (504); a spring 2 (506) is fixedly installed at one end of one group of connecting rods (504) away from the drill bit (2); and the connecting rods (504) are pushed to flip to a vertical state by the spring 1 (505) and the spring 2 (506).

3. A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hollow gear (6) is rotatably connected to a transmission gear (602) for driving the connecting gear (601) to rotate, the hollow gear (6) is meshingly connected to the transmission gear (602), and both ends of the hollow gear (6) are rotatably connected to support gears (603) for assisting the rotation of the hollow gear (6).

4. A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped sleeve (302) is fixedly installed inside the sleeve rod (3), and a total of eight groups of the arc-shaped sleeves (302) are arranged with axes arrayed on the inner wall of the sleeve rod (3). An arc-shaped plate (303) for following the turning of the drill bit (2) is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped sleeve (302).

5. The drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas transmission structure (7) comprises an air storage box (701), the outer wall of which is fixedly mounted on the inner cavity of the base plate (1), a diaphragm (702) is fixedly mounted inside the air storage box (701) via a frame, and a pull rod (703) is rotatably connected to the top of the diaphragm (702).

6. A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the air storage box (701) is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe (707), and a one-way valve (706) is fixedly installed between the air storage box (701) and the air inlet pipe (707). One end of the air storage box (701) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (708), and a one-way valve (709) is fixedly installed between the air storage box (701) and the air outlet pipe (708).

7. The drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the base plate (1) is rotatably connected to a shell (8); a plug hook (808) for helping to fix the base plate (1) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (8); a rubber belt (801) is fixedly installed inside the shell (8); a rubber pad (802) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rubber belt (801); and a plurality of groups of rubber pads (802) are rotatably connected to the inside thereof with a clamping plate (803).

8. A drilling and charging device for tunnel construction blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the base plate (1) is threadedly connected to an extension support block (805); the outer wall of the extension support block (805) is rotatably connected to four groups of cylinders (806) for pushing the shell (8) to flip through a pin shaft; one end of the extension support block (805) is fixedly connected to a support shell (807); the support shell (807) penetrates the base plate (1) and the sleeve rod (3) and is slidably inserted into the interior of the annular airbag (4).

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