Hillside water and soil loss monitor and use method thereof
By introducing a filtering box and an anti-blocking mechanism into the soil and water loss monitor, the problem of soil residue inside the instrument and blockage of the muddy water inlet has been solved, and detection accuracy and reliability have been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411421745.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing soil erosion monitors are not cleaned after one measurement, resulting in soil residue affecting detection accuracy; and the mud water import lacks anti-blocking cleaning structure, which is easily blocked by weeds or stones, affecting detection accuracy.
An improved hillside soil and water loss monitor is designed, which includes a filtering treatment box and an anti-blocking mechanism. The filtration treatment box uses gravel, slag and ceramsite to filter muddy water, and performs backflush cleaning when not in use; the anti-clogging mechanism cleans weeds and stones through the filter screen and reciprocating screw system.
It effectively avoids the impact of soil residue on detection accuracy, ensures the accuracy of mud and water input by cleaning weeds and stones, and improves the accuracy and reliability of soil erosion monitoring.
Smart Images
Figure CN119335162A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil and water loss monitoring, in particular to a hillside soil and water loss monitoring instrument and a use method thereof. Background Art
[0002] The soil and water loss monitor is mainly composed of a data acquisition and storage host computer, a sediment content measurement sensor, a surface flow sensor component, and a rainfall sensor. It manages and stores the process data of sediment content, runoff, and rainfall measured by each sensor through work management / data storage software and the host computer, and remotely transmits the measurement data to the management and monitoring center.
[0003] After a measurement is completed, the existing soil erosion monitor does not have a structure for cleaning the soil erosion monitor, which will cause mud to remain inside the soil erosion monitor. After the mud dries, it is difficult to wash it off, affecting the next detection of the soil erosion monitor.
[0004] At the same time, there is no anti-blocking cleaning structure on the mud and water inlet. Once weeds or stones block the mud and water inlet, it will affect the input amount of mud and water, and then affect the detection accuracy of runoff, which is inconvenient for users.
[0005] In view of the above problems, an improved hillside soil erosion monitoring instrument and a method for using the same are now designed. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a hillside soil erosion monitoring instrument and a method of using the same to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A hillside soil erosion monitoring instrument comprises a soil erosion data collection box, a support block for supporting the soil erosion data collection box is installed at the lower end of the soil erosion data collection box, a muddy water output pipe for discharging muddy water is installed at the output end of the soil erosion data collection box, and a muddy water input pipe for transporting muddy water to the inside of the soil erosion data collection box for detection is installed at the input end of the soil erosion data collection box. The connection and working principle of the soil erosion data collection box, the muddy water input pipe and the muddy water output pipe are the same as those in the prior art and will not be elaborated in detail. An electric-controlled three-way valve is installed at one end of the water input pipe away from the soil and water data collection box, a connecting pipe is installed on the joint of the electric-controlled three-way valve away from the mud and water input pipe, a collecting frame for collecting mud and water on the hillside is installed at one end of the connecting pipe away from the electric-controlled three-way valve, a filtering and processing box is installed at one end of the mud and water output pipe away from the soil and water data collection box, a flushing mechanism is provided on the filtering and processing box for flushing the soil and water data collection box when the soil and water data collection box is not in use, and an anti-blocking mechanism is provided on the collecting frame for preventing weeds from clogging the collecting frame and the mud and water input pipe.
[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the flushing mechanism includes a filtering treatment box and a liquid storage tank, the output end of the mud and water output pipe is installed on the upper end of the side wall of the filtering treatment box, an overflow pipe is installed on the side wall of the filtering treatment box, the input end height of the overflow pipe is lower than the height of the output end of the mud and water output pipe, the end of the overflow pipe away from the filtering treatment box is installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank, a first water pipe is installed on the top of the liquid storage tank, the lower end of the first water pipe is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, the end of the first water pipe away from the liquid storage tank is installed on the remaining joint of the electric three-way valve, the first water pipe is installed with a first water pump for transporting water inside the liquid storage tank to the inside of the mud and water input pipe through the first water pipe, the first water pump is installed on the upper end of the liquid storage tank, and a filter component for filtering mud and water is arranged inside the filtering treatment box.
[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the filter assembly includes a partition, the partition is vertically installed on the top of the filter treatment box near the output end of the muddy water output pipe, the side wall of the partition is installed on the inner wall of the filter treatment box, the lower end of the partition and the bottom of the filter treatment box are provided with a water passage, the filter treatment box on the side of the partition away from the muddy water output pipe and the side wall of the partition are horizontally installed with a third leak plate, the third leak plate is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the partition, and the upper end of the third leak plate is stacked with a Gravel for filtering, a second leak plate is horizontally installed on the partition at the upper end of the gravel and the side wall of the filtering treatment box, slag for filtering muddy water is stacked on the upper end of the second leak plate, a first leak plate is horizontally installed on the partition at the upper end of the slag and the side wall of the filtering treatment box, ceramsite for filtering muddy water is stacked on the upper end of the first leak plate, the upper end of the ceramsite is arranged below the input end of the overflow pipe, and a recoil assembly for recoil cleaning of the ceramsite, slag and gravel is arranged above the ceramsite.
[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the recoil assembly includes a collection box, which is horizontally installed on the filtration treatment box and the side wall of the partition above the expanded clay, and a plurality of water outlets are installed at the lower end of the collection box, and a second water pipe is installed at the upper end of the collection box, and the end of the second water pipe away from the collection box passes through the filtration treatment box and the side wall of the liquid storage tank and is vertically arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and a second water pump for transporting water inside the liquid storage tank to the inside of the collection box through the second water pipe is installed on the second water pipe, and the second water pump is installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank, and a sewage pipe for discharging sewage is installed at the lower end of the side wall of the filtration treatment box.
[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the anti-blocking mechanism includes a filter screen, which is vertically installed on the inner wall of the collection frame. The filter screen has a large aperture and is mainly used to intercept weeds, stones, etc., and an installation frame is installed at the upper end of the collection frame. A slide groove is provided at the upper end of the collection frame on the side of the filter screen away from the connecting pipe, and a reciprocating screw is horizontally arranged inside the installation frame, and a motor for driving the reciprocating screw to rotate is installed at one end of the reciprocating screw. The motor is installed on the inner wall of the installation frame, and the end of the reciprocating screw away from the motor is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation frame, and the side wall of the reciprocating screw is rotatably connected to a moving block through a thread, and the moving block moves along the inner wall of the installation frame, and a cleaning plate is installed at the lower end of the moving block, and the lower end of the cleaning plate passes through the slide groove and is tightly attached to the filter screen, and a plurality of cleaning rods for moving weeds are installed at the end of the cleaning plate away from the filter screen.
[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a ball bearing is installed on the side wall of the moving block to facilitate the moving block to move along the inner wall of the installation frame, and the ball bearing is in close contact with the inner wall of the installation frame.
[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the partition plate and the collecting box are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filtering treatment box by welding.
[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the side walls of the third leakage plate, the second leakage plate and the first leakage plate are all installed with reinforcing support bars for improving the structural strength and preventing the third leakage plate, the second leakage plate and the first leakage plate from deforming.
[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the particle size of the ceramsite is 15mm-18mm.
[0016] A method for using a hillside soil erosion monitoring device comprises the following steps: Step 1: When in use, start the motor, the output end of the motor drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, under the action of the thread, the reciprocating screw drives the moving block to move, the moving block drives the cleaning plate to move, and the cleaning plate drives the cleaning rod to move, thereby cleaning the filter.
[0017] Step 2: The muddy water on the hillside is collected into the collection frame, and then enters the soil and water loss data collection box through the filter, connecting pipe, electric three-way valve, and muddy water input pipe in turn. The runoff and sediment content of the muddy water are detected by the soil and water loss data collection box, and the detected data are uploaded to the host computer. After the detection is completed, the muddy water is transported to the bottom of the filtration treatment box through the muddy water output pipe. As the amount of water increases, the liquid level inside the filtration treatment box will rise, so that the muddy water passes through the gravel, slag and expanded clay in turn, and the muddy water is filtered by the gravel, slag and expanded clay, and then the clear liquid filtered from the upper end of the expanded clay is transported to the inside of the liquid storage tank through the overflow pipe.
[0018] Step 3: When the soil and water loss data collection box is not in use, start the electronically controlled three-way valve to connect the first water pipe and the mud and water input pipe, and then start the first water pump. The first water pump transports clean water from the liquid storage tank to the first water pipe. The first water pipe transports clean water to the mud and water input pipe through the electronically controlled three-way valve. The clean water flows through the mud and water input pipe, the soil and water loss data collection box and the mud and water output pipe in turn to flush the inside of the soil and water loss data collection box. After the flushing of the soil and water loss data collection box is completed, open the drain pipe, and then start the second water pump. The second water pump draws water from the liquid storage tank into the second water pipe. The second water pipe transports water to the inside of the collection box. The collection box transports water to the inside of the water outlet head. The water outlet head sprays water onto the ceramsite. Under the action of gravity, the water flows downward, passes through the ceramsite, slag and gravel in turn, and is then discharged through the drain pipe to achieve backwash cleaning of the ceramsite, slag and gravel.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention filters muddy water outputted from a soil and water loss data collection box by using crushed stone, slag and ceramsite, and then transports the filtered clear liquid to the inside of a liquid storage box for storage; when the soil and water loss data collection box is not in use, clean water inside the liquid storage box is transported to the muddy water input pipe and the inside of the soil and water loss data collection box through a first water delivery pipe, so as to flush the muddy water input pipe and the soil and water loss data collection box, thereby preventing the retained muddy water from affecting the next detection.
[0020] The present invention blocks weeds and stones by means of a filter screen, and drives a cleaning plate and a cleaning rod to move back and forth by means of a reciprocating screw, so that the cleaning plate and the cleaning rod clean the weeds and stones, thereby preventing the weeds and stones from affecting the entry of muddy water and ensuring the detection accuracy of the runoff amount. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter assembly in the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-blocking mechanism in the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter screen in the present invention.
[0025] Among them: 1. Soil and water loss data collection box; 2. Mud and water input pipe; 3. Installation frame; 4. Connecting pipe; 5. Collection frame; 6. Electric three-way valve; 7. Support block; 8. Filtration treatment box; 9. Drain pipe; 10. Liquid storage tank; 11. First water pump; 12. First water pipe; 13. Second water pump; 14. Overflow pipe; 15. Second water pipe; 16. Mud and water output pipe; 17. Partition; 18. Clay; 19. First leak plate; 20. Slag; 21. Second leak plate; 22. Gravel; 23. Third leak plate; 24. Collection box; 25. Water outlet; 26. Filter; 27. Cleaning rod; 28. Cleaning plate; 29. Motor; 30. Moving block; 31. Slide; 32. Reciprocating screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 4In an embodiment of the present invention, a hillside soil erosion monitoring instrument comprises a soil erosion data collection box 1, a support block 7 for supporting the soil erosion data collection box 1 is installed at the lower end of the soil erosion data collection box 1, a muddy water output pipe 16 for discharging muddy water is installed at the output end of the soil erosion data collection box 1, and a muddy water input pipe 2 for transporting muddy water to the inside of the soil erosion data collection box 1 for detection is installed at the input end of the soil erosion data collection box 1. The connection and working principle of the soil erosion data collection box 1, the muddy water input pipe 2 and the muddy water output pipe 16 are the same as those in the prior art and will not be specifically described. An electric-controlled three-way valve 6 is installed at the end of the mud and water input pipe 2 away from the soil and water loss data collection box 1, and a connecting pipe 4 is installed on the joint of the electric-controlled three-way valve 6 away from the mud and water input pipe 2. A collecting frame 5 for collecting mud and water on the hillside is installed at the end of the connecting pipe 4 away from the electric-controlled three-way valve 6. A filtering and processing box 8 is installed at the end of the mud and water output pipe 16 away from the soil and water loss data collection box 1. The filtering and processing box 8 is provided with a flushing mechanism for flushing the soil and water loss data collection box 1 when the soil and water loss data collection box 1 is not in use, and the collecting frame 5 is provided with an anti-blocking mechanism for preventing weeds from clogging the collecting frame 5 and the mud and water input pipe 2.
[0028] The flushing mechanism includes a filtering treatment box 8 and a liquid storage tank 10, the output end of the muddy water output pipe 16 is installed on the upper end of the side wall of the filtering treatment box 8, an overflow pipe 14 is installed on the side wall of the filtering treatment box 8, the input end height of the overflow pipe 14 is lower than the height of the output end of the muddy water output pipe 16, the end of the overflow pipe 14 away from the filtering treatment box 8 is installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank 10, a first water pipe 12 is installed on the top of the liquid storage tank 10, the lower end of the first water pipe 12 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 10, the end of the first water pipe 12 away from the liquid storage tank 10 is installed on the remaining joint of the electric control three-way valve 6, the first water pipe 12 is installed with a first water pump 11 for transporting the water inside the liquid storage tank 10 to the muddy water input pipe 2 through the first water pipe 12, the first water pump 11 is installed at the upper end of the liquid storage tank 10, and a filtering component for filtering muddy water is arranged inside the filtering treatment box 8.
[0029] When in use, start the electrically controlled three-way valve 6 to connect the first water pipe 12 and the mud and water input pipe 2, then start the first water pump 11, the first water pump 11 transports the clean water inside the liquid storage tank 10 to the first water pipe 12, the first water pipe 12 transports the clean water to the mud and water input pipe 2 through the electrically controlled three-way valve 6, the clean water flows through the mud and water input pipe 2, the soil and water loss data collection box 1 and the mud and water output pipe 16 in turn, to flush the inside of the soil and water loss data collection box 1.
[0030] The filter assembly includes a partition 17, which is vertically installed on the top of the filter treatment box 8 near the output end of the muddy water output pipe 16, and the side wall of the partition 17 is installed on the inner wall of the filter treatment box 8. The lower end of the partition 17 and the bottom of the filter treatment box 8 are provided with a water passage, and the filter treatment box 8 and the side wall of the partition 17 on the side of the partition 17 away from the muddy water output pipe 16 are horizontally installed with a third leak plate 23, and the third leak plate 23 is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the partition 17, and the upper end of the third leak plate 23 is stacked with gravel 22 for filtering muddy water. A second leak plate 21 is horizontally installed on the partition 17 at the upper end of the gravel 22 and the side wall of the filtering treatment box 8, and slag 20 for filtering muddy water is stacked on the upper end of the second leak plate 21. A first leak plate 19 is horizontally installed on the partition 17 at the upper end of the slag 20 and the side wall of the filtering treatment box 8, and ceramsite 18 for filtering muddy water is stacked on the upper end of the first leak plate 19. The upper end of the ceramsite 18 is arranged below the input end of the overflow pipe 14, and a recoil assembly for recoil cleaning of the ceramsite 18, slag 20 and gravel 22 is arranged above the ceramsite 18.
[0031] When in use, the muddy water output pipe 16 transports the muddy water to the bottom of the filtering treatment box 8. As the amount of water increases, the liquid level inside the filtering treatment box 8 will rise, so that the muddy water passes through the gravel 22, slag 20 and expanded clay 18 in sequence, and the muddy water is filtered by the gravel 22, slag 20 and expanded clay 18. Then, the clear liquid filtered from the upper end of the expanded clay 18 is transported to the interior of the liquid storage tank 10 through the overflow pipe 14.
[0032] The backwash assembly includes a collection box 24, which is horizontally installed on the filtering treatment box 8 and the side wall of the partition 17 above the expanded clay 18. A plurality of water outlets 25 are installed at the lower end of the collection box 24, and a second water pipe 15 is installed at the upper end of the collection box 24. The end of the second water pipe 15 away from the collection box 24 passes through the filtering treatment box 8 and the side wall of the liquid storage tank 10 and is vertically arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 10. A second water pump 13 is installed on the second water pipe 15 for transporting the water inside the liquid storage tank 10 to the inside of the collection box 24 through the second water pipe 15. The second water pump 13 is installed on the side wall of the liquid storage tank 10, and a sewage pipe 9 for discharging sewage is installed at the lower end of the side wall of the filtering treatment box 8.
[0033] When in use, the drain pipe 9 is opened, and then the second water pump 13 is started. The second water pump 13 draws the water inside the liquid storage tank 10 into the second water pipe 15. The second water pipe 15 transports the water to the inside of the collecting box 24. The collecting box 24 transports the water to the inside of the water outlet head 25. The water outlet head 25 sprays the water onto the expanded clay 18. Under the action of gravity, the water flows downward, passes through the expanded clay 18, slag 20 and gravel 22 in turn, and is then discharged through the drain pipe 9, thereby realizing the backwash cleaning of the expanded clay 18, slag 20 and gravel 22.
[0034] The anti-blocking mechanism includes a filter screen 26, which is vertically mounted on the inner wall of the collecting frame 5. The filter screen 26 has a large aperture and is mainly used to intercept weeds, stones, etc. The upper end of the collecting frame 5 is mounted with a mounting frame 3. The upper end of the collecting frame 5 on the side of the filter screen 26 away from the connecting pipe 4 is provided with a slide groove 31. A reciprocating screw 32 is horizontally arranged inside the mounting frame 3. A motor 29 for driving the reciprocating screw 32 to rotate is mounted at one end of the reciprocating screw 32. The motor 29 is arranged Installed on the inner wall of the mounting frame 3, the end of the reciprocating screw 32 away from the motor 29 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 3, the side wall of the reciprocating screw 32 is rotatably connected with a moving block 30 through a thread, the moving block 30 moves along the inner wall of the mounting frame 3, the lower end of the moving block 30 is installed with a cleaning plate 28, the lower end of the cleaning plate 28 passes through a slide groove 31 and is tightly attached to the filter screen 26, and the end of the cleaning plate 28 away from the filter screen 26 is installed with a plurality of cleaning rods 27 for moving weeds.
[0035] When in use, start the motor 29, and the output end of the motor 29 drives the reciprocating screw 32 to rotate. Under the action of the thread, the reciprocating screw 32 drives the moving block 30 to move, the moving block 30 drives the cleaning plate 28 to move, and the cleaning plate 28 drives the cleaning rod 27 to move, thereby cleaning the filter 26.
[0036] Working principle of a hillside soil erosion monitor: When in use, start the motor 29, and the output end of the motor 29 drives the reciprocating screw 32 to rotate. Under the action of the thread, the reciprocating screw 32 drives the moving block 30 to move, the moving block 30 drives the cleaning plate 28 to move, and the cleaning plate 28 drives the cleaning rod 27 to move, thereby cleaning the filter 26.
[0037] The muddy water on the hillside is collected into the collecting frame 5, and then enters the soil and water loss data collection box 1 through the filter screen 26, the connecting pipe 4, the electrically controlled three-way valve 6, and the muddy water input pipe 2 in turn. The soil and water loss data collection box 1 detects the runoff and sediment content of the muddy water, and the detected data is uploaded to the host computer. After the detection is completed, the muddy water is transported to the bottom of the filtration treatment box 8 through the muddy water output pipe 16. As the amount of water increases, the liquid level inside the filtration treatment box 8 will rise, so that the muddy water passes through the gravel 22, slag 20 and ceramsite 18 in turn, and the muddy water is filtered by the gravel 22, slag 20 and ceramsite 18, and then the clear liquid filtered at the upper end of the ceramsite 18 is transported to the inside of the liquid storage tank 10 through the overflow pipe 14.
[0038] When the water and soil erosion data collection box 1 is not in use, the electric-controlled three-way valve 6 is started to connect the first water pipe 12 with the muddy water input pipe 2, and then the first water pump 11 is started. The first water pump 11 conveys the clean water in the liquid storage tank 10 to the first water pipe 12. The first water pipe 12 conveys the clean water to the muddy water input pipe 2 through the electric-controlled three-way valve 6. The clean water flows through the muddy water input pipe 2, the water and soil erosion data collection box 1 and the muddy water output pipe 16 in sequence, so as to flush the inside of the water and soil erosion data collection box 1. After the flushing of the collecting box 1 is completed, the drain pipe 9 is opened, and then the second water pump 13 is started. The second water pump 13 sucks the water inside the liquid storage tank 10 into the second water pipe 15, and the second water pipe 15 transports the water to the inside of the collecting box 24. The collecting box 24 transports the water to the inside of the water outlet head 25, and the water outlet head 25 sprays the water onto the expanded clay 18. Under the action of gravity, the water flows downward, passes through the expanded clay 18, slag 20 and gravel 22 in turn, and then is discharged through the drain pipe 9, so as to realize the backwash cleaning of the expanded clay 18, slag 20 and gravel 22.
[0039] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hillside soil erosion monitoring instrument, comprising a soil erosion data collection box (1), wherein a support block (7) for supporting the soil erosion data collection box (1) is installed at the lower end of the soil erosion data collection box (1), a muddy water output pipe (16) for discharging muddy water is installed at the output end of the soil erosion data collection box (1), and a muddy water input pipe (2) for transporting muddy water to the inside of the soil erosion data collection box (1) for detection is installed at the input end of the soil erosion data collection box (1), characterized in that: An electric-controlled three-way valve (6) is installed at one end of the muddy water input pipe (2) away from the soil and water loss data collection box (1); a connecting pipe (4) is installed on a joint of the electric-controlled three-way valve (6) away from the muddy water input pipe (2); a collecting frame (5) for collecting muddy water on the hillside is installed at one end of the connecting pipe (4) away from the electric-controlled three-way valve (6); a filtering and processing box (8) is installed at one end of the muddy water output pipe (16) away from the soil and water loss data collection box (1); a flushing mechanism for flushing the soil and water loss data collection box (1) when the soil and water loss data collection box (1) is not in use is provided on the filtering and processing box (8); and an anti-blocking mechanism for preventing weeds from blocking the collecting frame (5) and the muddy water input pipe (2) is provided on the collecting frame (5).
2. A hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing mechanism comprises a filtering treatment box (8) and a liquid storage box (10), the output end of the muddy water output pipe (16) being mounted on the upper end of the side wall of the filtering treatment box (8), an overflow pipe (14) being mounted on the side wall of the filtering treatment box (8), the input end of the overflow pipe (14) being at a lower height than the output end of the muddy water output pipe (16), the end of the overflow pipe (14) away from the filtering treatment box (8) being mounted on the side wall of the liquid storage box (10), the top of the liquid storage box (10) being mounted with a first water delivery pipe (12), the first The lower end of the water delivery pipe (12) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank (10); the end of the first water delivery pipe (12) away from the liquid storage tank (10) is installed on the remaining joint of the electric-controlled three-way valve (6); the first water delivery pipe (12) is installed with a first water pump (11) for conveying water inside the liquid storage tank (10) to the inside of the muddy water input pipe (2) through the first water delivery pipe (12); the first water pump (11) is installed at the upper end of the liquid storage tank (10); and a filter assembly for filtering muddy water is arranged inside the filtering treatment box (8).
3. A hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter assembly comprises a partition (17), the partition (17) being vertically mounted on one side of the top of the filter treatment box (8) close to the output end of the muddy water output pipe (16), the side wall of the partition (17) being mounted on the inner wall of the filter treatment box (8), the lower end of the partition (17) and the bottom of the filter treatment box (8) being provided with a water passage, a third leak plate (23) being horizontally mounted on the filter treatment box (8) and the side wall of the partition (17) on the side of the partition (17) away from the muddy water output pipe (16), the third leak plate (23) being arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the partition (17), crushed stones (22) for filtering muddy water being stacked on the upper end of the third leak plate (23), the third leak plate (23) being provided at the lower end of the side wall of the partition (17), the third leak plate (23) being provided at the upper end of the third leak plate (23), A second leak plate (21) is horizontally mounted on the partition (17) at the upper end of the crushed stone (22) and the side wall of the filtering treatment box (8); slag (20) for filtering muddy water is stacked on the upper end of the second leak plate (21); a first leak plate (19) is horizontally mounted on the partition (17) at the upper end of the slag (20) and the side wall of the filtering treatment box (8); ceramsite (18) for filtering muddy water is stacked on the upper end of the first leak plate (19); the upper end of the ceramsite (18) is arranged below the input end of the overflow pipe (14); and a recoil assembly for recoil cleaning the ceramsite (18), the slag (20) and the crushed stone (22) is arranged above the ceramsite (18).
4. A hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The backwash assembly comprises a collection box (24), the collection box (24) being horizontally mounted on the filtering treatment box (8) and the side wall of the partition (17) above the ceramsite (18), a plurality of water outlets (25) being mounted at the lower end of the collection box (24), a second water delivery pipe (15) being mounted at the upper end of the collection box (24), an end of the second water delivery pipe (15) away from the collection box (24) passing through the filtering treatment box (8) and the side wall of the liquid storage box (10) and being vertically mounted at the bottom of the liquid storage box (10), a second water pump (13) being mounted on the second water delivery pipe (15) for transporting water inside the liquid storage box (10) to the inside of the collection box (24) through the second water delivery pipe (15), the second water pump (13) being mounted on the side wall of the liquid storage box (10), and a sewage discharge pipe (9) for discharging sewage being mounted at the lower end of the side wall of the filtering treatment box (8).
5. The hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-blocking mechanism comprises a filter screen (26), the filter screen (26) being vertically mounted on the inner wall of a collecting frame (5), a mounting frame (3) being mounted on the upper end of the collecting frame (5), a slide groove (31) being provided on the upper end of the collecting frame (5) on the side of the filter screen (26) away from the connecting pipe (4), a reciprocating screw (32) being horizontally arranged inside the mounting frame (3), a motor (29) for driving the reciprocating screw (32) to rotate being mounted on one end of the reciprocating screw (32), the motor (29) being mounted on the inner wall of the mounting frame (3), The end of the reciprocating screw (32) away from the motor (29) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (3); the side wall of the reciprocating screw (32) is rotatably connected to a moving block (30) through a thread; the moving block (30) moves along the inner wall of the mounting frame (3); a cleaning plate (28) is mounted on the lower end of the moving block (30); the lower end of the cleaning plate (28) passes through a slide groove (31) and is closely attached to the filter screen (26); and a plurality of cleaning rods (27) for moving weeds are mounted on the end of the cleaning plate (28) away from the filter screen (26).
6. The hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A ball bearing is mounted on the side wall of the moving block (30) to facilitate the moving block (30) to move along the inner wall of the installation frame (3), and the ball bearing is in close contact with the inner wall of the installation frame (3).
7. The hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate (17) and the collecting box (24) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filtering and processing box (8) by welding.
8. The hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side walls of the third leakage plate (23), the second leakage plate (21), and the first leakage plate (19) are all equipped with reinforcing support strips for improving the structural strength and preventing the third leakage plate (23), the second leakage plate (21), and the first leakage plate (19) from deforming.
9. The hillside soil erosion monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The particle size of the ceramsite (18) is 15 mm to 18 mm.
10. A method for using the hillside soil and water loss monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: When in use, the motor (29) is started, and the output end of the motor (29) drives the reciprocating screw (32) to rotate. Under the action of the thread, the reciprocating screw (32) drives the moving block (30) to move, the moving block (30) drives the cleaning plate (28) to move, and the cleaning plate (28) drives the cleaning rod (27) to move, thereby cleaning the filter (26); Step 2: The muddy water on the hillside is collected into the collecting frame (5), and then enters the soil and water loss data collection box (1) through the filter (26), the connecting pipe (4), the electric control three-way valve (6), and the muddy water input pipe (2) in sequence. The muddy water flow rate and the sediment content are detected by the soil and water loss data collection box (1), and the detected data are uploaded to the host computer. After the detection is completed, the muddy water is transported to the bottom of the filtering treatment box (8) through the muddy water output pipe (16). As the amount of water increases, the liquid level inside the filtering treatment box (8) rises, so that the muddy water passes through the crushed stone (22), the slag (20) and the ceramsite (18) in sequence, and the muddy water is filtered by the crushed stone (22), the slag (20) and the ceramsite (18). Then, the clear liquid filtered from the upper end of the ceramsite (18) is transported to the inside of the liquid storage box (10) through the overflow pipe (14); Step 3: When the water and soil erosion data collection box (1) is not in use, the electrically controlled three-way valve (6) is started to connect the first water pipe (12) and the muddy water input pipe (2), and then the first water pump (11) is started. The first water pump (11) transports clean water from the liquid storage tank (10) to the first water pipe (12). The first water pipe (12) transports clean water to the muddy water input pipe (2) through the electrically controlled three-way valve (6). The clean water flows through the muddy water input pipe (2), the water and soil erosion data collection box (1) and the muddy water output pipe (16) in sequence, thereby flushing the inside of the water and soil erosion data collection box (1). (1) After the flushing is completed, the drain pipe (9) is opened, and then the second water pump (13) is started. The second water pump (13) draws water from the liquid storage tank (10) into the second water delivery pipe (15). The second water delivery pipe (15) delivers the water to the inside of the collection box (24). The collection box (24) delivers the water to the inside of the water outlet head (25). The water outlet head (25) sprays the water onto the ceramsite (18). Under the action of gravity, the water flows downward, passes through the ceramsite (18), the slag (20) and the gravel (22) in sequence, and then is discharged through the drain pipe (9), thereby realizing the backwash cleaning of the ceramsite (18), the slag (20) and the gravel (22).