High-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: deducing a tsunami wave theoretical calculation equation through a solitary wave superposition method, and carrying out tsunami high-precision numerical simulation in combination with a fluid mechanics method; establishing a numerical simulation model according to a tsunami high-precision numerical simulation result, selecting a tsunami wave propagation model, simulating the propagation process of tsunami waves in the ocean, establishing a finite element model of an ocean engineering structure, and coupling the tsunami wave propagation model with the finite element model of the ocean engineering structure to obtain a tsunami wave propagation model; the impact effect of tsunami waves on the ocean engineering structure is simulated; simulation is carried out under different tsunami scenes and ocean engineering structure parameters, and the safety and optimization direction of the ocean engineering structure under the tsunami wave effect are evaluated according to the simulation result. According to the invention, tsunami waves can be accurately and effectively simulated, and powerful support is provided for real-time tsunami early warning, structural safety assessment and emergency response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine engineering, and in particular to a high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method and system. Background Art

[0002] Tsunami is a very destructive natural disaster, which is usually caused by submarine activities such as submarine earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides or glacier collapses. When tsunamis spread to the nearshore, they will cause casualties and lead to significant property losses. With the improvement of numerical simulation and computing performance, researchers have conducted analytical research on tsunami generation, nearshore propagation, and submergence height after landing through empirical formulas and waveform simplification methods, providing suggestions for formulating measures to reduce the impact and losses of tsunami disasters.

[0003] At present, most studies use solitary waves instead of tsunami waves to analyze the impact of tsunamis on the marine environment and marine structures. However, by comparing solitary waves with actually observed tsunami waves, it is found that solitary waves and tsunami waves are different in waveform, wave velocity and circular frequency. Solitary waves are finite amplitude waves with only one crest or trough, appearing in shallow waters, and their waveforms are stable and unchanged. Analysis of the tsunami caused by the strong earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 on the Richter scale in the northeastern waters of Japan on March 11, 2011 found that tsunami waves are mainly divided into four parts: leading waves, secondary uplift waves, highest crests and tail waves. In order to obtain the real tsunami wave waveform for guiding engineering practice, some studies have used the wave superposition method to fit the tsunami wave waveform, but there is still a large difference between the superimposed tsunami waves and the actually observed tsunami waves, which affects the accuracy of tsunami wave action assessment. Since the tsunami wave theory needs to be improved, the numerical simulation of tsunami waves also has defects and the impact of tsunami waves on the coast and marine structures is unclear.

[0004] How to accurately obtain the theoretical calculation method of tsunami waves for the wave-making boundary of the numerical model, propose a high-precision simulation method of tsunami-like waves, and evaluate the impact of tsunami-like waves on marine structures, which is particularly important for studying tsunami waves. In view of the current research deficiencies, this paper proposes a high-precision numerical calculation method of tsunami-like waves and its impact assessment method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision tsunami-like wave numerical calculation and evaluation method, which can accurately and effectively simulate tsunami waves and provide strong support for real-time tsunami warning, structural safety assessment and emergency response.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The theoretical calculation equation of tsunami waves is derived through the solitary wave superposition method, and high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami is carried out in combination with fluid mechanics methods;

[0009] A numerical simulation model is established based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, and a tsunami wave propagation model is selected to simulate the propagation process of the tsunami wave in the ocean. At the same time, a finite element model of the marine engineering structure is established, and the tsunami wave propagation model is coupled with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure to simulate the impact of the tsunami wave on the marine engineering structure;

[0010] Simulations are carried out under different tsunami scenarios and marine engineering structure parameters, and the safety and optimization direction of marine engineering structures under the action of tsunami waves are evaluated based on the simulation results.

[0011] Following the above technical solution, the high-precision numerical simulation process of tsunami is as follows:

[0012] Based on the theoretical calculation equations of tsunami waves, the nonlinear, dispersion and energy dissipation characteristics of tsunami waves during propagation are used as the wave propagation boundary of the numerical simulation method;

[0013] Through meshing and adaptive encryption technology, detailed numerical simulation is achieved in key areas;

[0014] In the process of solving the equations, numerical methods and accelerated convergence algorithms are used;

[0015] The simulation results are verified and checked using historical tsunami data or experimental observation data.

[0016] Following the above technical solution, the specific derivation process of the tsunami wave theoretical calculation equation is as follows:

[0017] According to the observed tsunami waves, the waves are decomposed by turning points. Each turning point represents a decomposed wave characterized by an isolated wave. n turning points indicate that the tsunami wave is composed of n decomposed waves. The wave that is similar to the isolated wave and has the least overlap with other waves is the main wave. The main wave is fitted first to determine its amplitude, frequency and phase.

[0018] Fit the amplitude, frequency and phase of other secondary waves with obvious peaks and complete waveforms;

[0019] The overall planning and stripping methods are used to fit the local waves with positive amplitudes;

[0020] The multiple fitted waves are superimposed and normalized, and then compared with the real tsunami waves. If they meet the requirements, the fitting is completed.

[0021] Following the above technical solution, the specific steps for evaluating the offshore engineering structure according to the simulation results are as follows:

[0022] Determine the geographic extent, time scale and characteristics of tsunami waves based on the specific marine engineering structure to be assessed;

[0023] A numerical simulation model is established based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, and a tsunami wave propagation model is selected to simulate the propagation process of tsunami waves in the ocean; a finite element model of the marine engineering structure is established, and modeling and meshing are performed based on its dynamic characteristics and interaction with tsunami waves;

[0024] The tsunami wave propagation model is coupled with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure to simulate the impact of tsunami waves on the marine engineering structure.

[0025] Run numerical simulations under set tsunami scenarios, record the propagation process of tsunami waves and the response of marine engineering structures, conduct in-depth analysis of the response results, including structural response analysis and damage mode identification, and evaluate the safety of marine engineering structures under tsunami waves based on the analysis results, including tsunami resistance and remaining life.

[0026] Following the above technical solution, the process of evaluating the offshore engineering structure according to the simulation results also includes the following steps:

[0027] A sensitivity analysis is conducted to explore the impact of different tsunami parameters and marine engineering structure parameters on the simulation results. Based on the analysis results, the design or protection measures of the marine engineering structure are optimized to improve its tsunami resistance.

[0028] Following the above technical solution, the structural response analysis is specifically: analyzing the displacement, stress distribution and deformation of the marine structure under the impact of tsunami waves.

[0029] Following the above technical solution, the failure mode identification is specifically: identifying the key parts and failure modes that may cause structural damage.

[0030] Following the above technical solution, the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami are visualized through two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphics, including contour maps, streamline maps, three-dimensional surface maps, and three-dimensional volume rendering maps.

[0031] The present invention also provides a high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation system, comprising:

[0032] The tsunami high-precision numerical simulation module is used to derive the theoretical calculation equation of tsunami waves through the solitary wave superposition method, and combine the fluid mechanics method to perform high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami;

[0033] The simulation coupling module is used to establish a numerical simulation model based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, select a tsunami wave propagation model, simulate the propagation process of the tsunami wave in the ocean, and simultaneously establish a finite element model of the marine engineering structure, couple the tsunami wave propagation model with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure, and simulate the impact of the tsunami wave on the marine engineering structure; perform simulations under different tsunami scenarios and marine engineering structure parameters;

[0034] The analysis module is used to evaluate the safety and optimization direction of marine engineering structures under the action of tsunami waves based on simulation results.

[0035] The present invention also provides a computer storage medium, which stores a computer program that can be executed by a processor, and the computer program executes the high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method described in the above technical solution.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes the reconstruction of tsunami waves through accurate theoretical calculation of tsunami waves and high-precision simulation of tsunami-like waves, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of tsunami wave simulation; by constructing a tsunami wave numerical model, the real propagation process of tsunami waves is simulated, providing strong support for real-time tsunami warning and emergency response; the impact of tsunami-like waves on marine engineering structures is evaluated, and the impact of tsunami waves on marine engineering structures is simulated according to the actual situation of marine engineering structures and the coupling of tsunami waves, and the safety and optimization direction of marine engineering structures under the action of tsunami waves are analyzed and evaluated according to the simulation results; in addition to its application in the field of marine coastal engineering, the present invention can also be used in multiple fields such as marine scientific research, environmental protection, and marine resource development. It helps to deeply understand the behavior of tsunami waves, thereby better protecting the lives and property in coastal areas.

[0037] Furthermore, the present invention utilizes waveform decomposition technology to make complex tsunami waves analyzable, carefully analyzes the internal structure and propagation characteristics of tsunami waves, decomposes tsunami waves into multiple isolated waves according to wave turning points, adjusts the parameters of the isolated waves, utilizes optimization algorithms to match the characteristics of different parts of the tsunami waves, and then superimposes the multiple isolated waves to reconstruct the original tsunami wave waveform and construct theoretical calculation equations for tsunami waves at different time and space scales.

[0038] Furthermore, based on the characteristics of tsunami waves and the stress distribution and deformation of marine engineering structures, the failure mode and bearing capacity of the structures are evaluated. By conducting sensitivity experiments and analyzing factors such as fluid velocity field, pressure distribution, wave shape, etc., the characteristics of tsunami wave propagation are fully understood. The influence of different tsunami parameters and marine engineering structure parameters on the simulation results is explored. Based on the analysis results, the design or protection measures of marine engineering structures are optimized to improve their tsunami resistance.

[0039] Furthermore, based on the actual situation of the offshore structure and the simulation results of the tsunami wave, a numerical model of the interaction between the offshore structure and the tsunami wave is established. This model needs to be able to accurately reflect the propagation characteristics of the tsunami wave, the dynamic response of the structure and the interaction between the structure and the seabed, and analyze the impact force of the tsunami wave on the offshore structure, the stress distribution and deformation of the structure. These results can intuitively show the impact degree and damage mode of the tsunami wave on the offshore structure.

[0040] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A flowchart for derivation of a theoretical calculation equation for tsunami waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A flow chart of a high-precision simulation method for tsunami-like waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A flow chart for evaluating the impact of tsunami-like waves on marine structures provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5a Waveform decomposition of tsunami observed by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5b for Figure 5a The shape of the 12 decomposition waves after decomposition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0050] In the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, if the terms "first" and "second" appear, they are only used for description and distinction purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:

[0052] S101. The theoretical calculation equation of tsunami waves is derived through the solitary wave superposition method, and high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami is performed in combination with fluid mechanics methods;

[0053] S102, establishing a numerical simulation model according to the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, selecting a tsunami wave propagation model, simulating the propagation process of the tsunami wave in the ocean, and at the same time establishing a finite element model of the marine engineering structure, coupling the tsunami wave propagation model with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure, and simulating the impact of the tsunami wave on the marine engineering structure;

[0054] S103. Conduct simulations under different tsunami scenarios and marine engineering structure parameters, and evaluate the safety and optimization direction of the marine engineering structure under the action of tsunami waves based on the simulation results.

[0055] Among them, in step S101, in the theoretical calculation of tsunami waves, although tsunami waves usually appear as shallow water waves in the deep sea, in some cases, especially when tsunami waves have significant nonlinear characteristics, the method of solitary wave (also called solitary wavelet or soliton) superposition can be used for approximate calculation. A solitary wave is a waveform propagating in a nonlinear dispersive medium, which can keep its shape and speed unchanged during propagation. The method of solitary wave superposition involves linearly combining multiple solitary wave solutions to simulate complex tsunami waveforms. Each solitary wave solution satisfies the nonlinear shallow water wave equation and has a specific amplitude, speed and shape. By adjusting the parameters of these solitary waves (such as amplitude, phase and speed), a synthetic waveform similar to the observed tsunami waveform can be constructed.

[0056] In step S102, firstly, based on the derived tsunami wave calculation equation, the nonlinearity, dispersion, energy dissipation and other characteristics of the tsunami wave during propagation are considered as the wave propagation boundary of the numerical simulation method. Subsequently, through high-quality meshing and adaptive encryption technology, fine numerical simulation is achieved in key areas. In the solution process, advanced numerical methods and accelerated convergence algorithms are used to ensure the stability and efficiency of the solution. Finally, the simulation results are verified and checked using historical tsunami data or experimental observation data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation.

[0057] In step S103, the established tsunami wave numerical simulation method is used to carry out the impact assessment of tsunami waves on marine engineering structures. This method integrates the accuracy of tsunami wave theoretical calculation equations and the powerful computing power of computational fluid dynamics technology. It can simulate the propagation and deformation of tsunami waves in complex marine environments and their interaction with various marine engineering structures (such as port facilities, offshore platforms, coastal embankments, etc.), and capture the key parameters such as the impact pressure, flow field changes, and structural response of tsunami waves on structures. Based on these simulation results, the destruction mechanism, degree of damage, and potential risks of tsunami waves on marine engineering structures are further analyzed, providing a scientific basis and technical support for the safety assessment of engineering structures, optimization of protective design, and formulation of post-disaster recovery strategies. This study not only enhances the understanding of tsunami disasters, but also makes important contributions to improving the disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of marine engineering structures.

[0058] The derivation process of the tsunami wave theoretical calculation equation is specifically referred to Figure 2 . The waveform decomposition technology is mainly used to make complex tsunami waves analyzable, and the internal structure and propagation characteristics of tsunami waves are analyzed in detail. The tsunami waves are decomposed into multiple isolated waves according to the wave turning point. By adjusting the parameters of the isolated waves and using the optimization algorithm, the characteristics of different parts of the tsunami waves are matched. Then, multiple isolated waves are superimposed to reconstruct the original tsunami wave waveform and construct theoretical calculation equations for tsunami waves at different time and space scales. The details are as follows:

[0059] S201. Obtain environmental characteristic parameters of the location of the tsunami wave monitoring point, including wave height, water depth, flow velocity, etc. Perform pre-processing operations such as denoising on the data to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data.

[0060] S202, decompose the tsunami wave according to the turning point of the tsunami wave, and use the solitary wave (sech 2 (*)) characterizes the decomposition wave.

[0061] S203. For decomposed waves with obvious characteristics, the amplitude, frequency and time of the isolated waves are adjusted for fitting. The fitting process takes into account the interference between different decomposed waves.

[0062] S204. For the tsunami wave bands with obvious superposition, the overall planning and stripping methods are used for fitting. The main decomposed wave form is determined, and denoising adjustment is performed on this basis.

[0063] S205. The concave waveform is mainly composed of the superposition of isolated waves with negative amplitude. The amplitude and frequency of the wave can be determined by the relative drop in water level and the width of the depression.

[0064] S206, normalizing all decomposition waves involved in the fitting.

[0065] S207, compare the superimposed wave with the real wave, if the comparison is good, the fitting is completed. Otherwise, repeat the above steps until the fitting is satisfactory. Determine the tsunami wave velocity.

[0066] Take the tsunami waves detected in northeastern Japan on March 11, 2011 as an example (e.g. Figure 5a , Figure 5b As shown), the theoretical calculation equation of tsunami wave is derived as follows:

[0067] According to the observed tsunami waves, the environmental characteristic parameters of the tsunami waves monitored in northeastern Japan on March 11, 2011 and the locations of the tsunami wave monitoring points, including wave height, water depth, and flow velocity, are obtained. The collected data is preprocessed such as denoising to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The time series data of the tsunami wave is converted to the frequency domain to identify the different frequency components contained in the tsunami wave, thereby determining the number of solitary waves into which the tsunami wave is decomposed. The wave is decomposed by turning points, and each turning point represents a decomposed wave that can be characterized by a solitary wave. The observed tsunami wave includes 12 turning points, which means that it consists of 12 decomposed waves. Wave 1 is the main and important component of the tsunami wave, and its shape is very similar to that of a solitary wave. It has less overlap with other waves. Therefore, when fitting the tsunami wave, wave 1 is fitted first.

[0068] The height of wave 1 plays a dominant role in the maximum amplitude of the tsunami wave. The superposition of the uplift part and the tail wave part of the tsunami wave will affect the tsunami wave amplitude. Considering the superposition of waves, the amplitude of wave 1 (H1) needs to be smaller than the amplitude of the tsunami wave. Based on the time span of the tsunami wave, the frequency of wave 1 (ω1) can be determined. The phase of wave 1 can be determined by the time when the wave peak (t1) appears. Therefore, the three parameters of wave 1 are basically determined.

[0069] Except for wave 1, the waveforms of wave 2 and wave 3 have obvious peaks and significant features of complete waveforms. Wave 2 connected to wave 1 has positive amplitude, and wave 3 has negative amplitude and low frequency. These two waves have less superposition with other component waves. According to step 2, the three parameters of these two waves can be determined. Wave 4 and wave 5 are completely symmetrical, and the interference between these two waves and other waves is weak. According to the same analysis method, the amplitude, frequency and phase of the two waves can be determined.

[0070] From the 24th minute to the 36th minute, the wave is composed of several decomposed waves superimposed. The overall planning and stripping methods are used to fit this local wave. The water level of the wake part is higher than the horizontal plane, which means that the main wave with positive amplitude dominates the waveform. Some decomposed waves with small wave width and low amplitude are superimposed on the main wave, making the waveform concave or convex. The relationship between them is similar to superimposing a noise signal on a normal signal. The two main decomposed waves, wave 6 and wave 7, constitute the entire basic wave of the wake wave. The peaks of wave 6 and wave 7 appear at 27 minutes and 31.8 minutes, which are the phases of the two decomposed waves. According to the symmetry of the isolated wave, the span and frequency of the wave can be determined by fitting the wake wave. Some small decomposed waves are superimposed on waves 6 and 7, and the superimposed water level should be appropriately adjusted according to the actual water level.

[0071] Based on waves 6 and 7, the concave waveform is mainly composed of isolated waves with negative amplitudes, namely waves 8, 9 and 10. The centers of these three waves correspond to the phase. The amplitude and frequency of the waves can be determined by the relative drop in water level and the width of the depression. By comparing with the real tsunami waves, it is found that the superimposed waves are still incomplete. Some small isolated waves are used for waveform correction, and the waveform analysis method is the same as the previous steps. Therefore, waves 11 and 12 are determined.

[0072]

[0073] Where: m is the number of solitary waves decomposed (m = 12); H n is the wave height; ω n is the frequency; t n is the phase time. Figure 5 shows the waveforms of 12 solitary waves.

[0074] The given parameters are absolute values. In order to better fit the measured values, it is necessary to normalize them.

[0075] The reference wave height (H0) is the highest wave height recorded, and ω0 is calculated based on the wave height and still water depth.

[0076]

[0077] S207, compare the superimposed wave with the real wave, if the comparison is good, the fitting is completed. Otherwise, repeat the above steps until the fitting is satisfactory. The wave speed can be described as:

[0078]

[0079] Where: u is the tsunami wave velocity, u n For each solitary wave velocity, η n is the amplitude and h is the water level.

[0080] It can be seen that the above-mentioned precise tsunami-like wave theoretical calculation method collects observation data such as water level, wave height, speed, etc. when the tsunami occurs, and performs pre-processing operations such as denoising on the data to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The time series data of the tsunami wave is converted to the frequency domain to identify the different frequency components contained in the tsunami wave, so as to determine the number of isolated waves decomposed into the tsunami wave. By adjusting the isolated wave parameters (wave height, frequency and peak occurrence time), each part of the tsunami wave decomposition is fitted. The tsunami wave is reconstructed using the principle of linear superposition. The reconstructed tsunami wave is compared with the original observation data to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the calculation equation, thereby obtaining the tsunami wave theoretical control equation.

[0081] Reference for high-precision simulation method of tsunami-like waves Figure 3 , mainly based on the fluid conservation equation, customizes the incident boundary conditions and wave-breaking boundary conditions of tsunami wave propagation, builds a tsunami wave numerical model, simulates the real propagation process of tsunami waves, and provides strong support for real-time tsunami warning and emergency response. The wave module allows the adjustment of parameters such as wave height, wave speed and wavelength based on actual conditions, and fully understands the characteristics of tsunami wave propagation through sensitivity analysis.

[0082] Therefore, if Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the tsunami wave simulation method mainly includes four steps: incident boundary condition control based on the tsunami wave control equation, tsunami wave fluid regional propagation calculation method, wave-breaking boundary control and result visualization:

[0083] S301. Set the incident boundary conditions of the numerical simulation area based on the tsunami wave control equation. In the numerical simulation area, clarify the specific location of the incident boundary. Using the tsunami wave control equation derived above, convert the waveform data into a time series form, and convert the time series data into a format that can be loaded into the numerical model boundary. In each step of the simulation, update the variable values ​​(such as water level, flow rate, etc.) on the incident boundary according to the time series data. Before the simulation starts, perform some initial tests to ensure that the incident boundary conditions are correctly implemented.

[0084] S302. Calculation method for regional propagation of tsunami waves in fluids. In the finite volume method, the calculation area is divided into multiple control volumes, and the mass conservation and momentum conservation equations are applied to each control volume. Using the Gaussian divergence theorem, the convection term in the equation can be converted into a flux integral on the boundary of the control volume. Time discretization and space discretization are used to approximate the above integral equation. Time discretization uses methods such as central difference, while space discretization depends on the geometry of the control volume and the connection method between adjacent control volumes. Fluid variables (such as density, velocity, pressure, etc.) are usually stored at the center point or boundary of the control volume. For the case of storage at the center point, interpolation or reconstruction is required to calculate the flux on the boundary:

[0085] S303, initialization: assigning initial fluid variable values ​​to all control volumes according to the initial conditions of the problem;

[0086] S304, time advancement: Then, the time is advanced step by step according to the selected time step. In each time step, (1) calculate the flux: for each control volume, calculate the fluid flux through its boundary. This usually involves interpolating the fluid variable values ​​of the center points of adjacent control volumes to the boundary and using a numerical flux function (Roe average) to calculate the flux; (2) update the fluid variable: use the calculated flux to update the fluid variable value at the center point of the control volume. This is usually achieved by solving one or more algebraic equations that reflect the changes in the fluid variables within the control volume;

[0087] The incident boundary conditions of the numerical simulation area are set based on the tsunami wave control equations: During the simulation process, the boundary conditions need to be continuously applied to update the fluid variable values ​​of the control volume located on the boundary of the calculation area;

[0088] S305, convergence check: repeat the above steps until a predetermined time is reached or other convergence criteria are met.

[0089] S306. By setting one or more "sponge layers" with specific damping characteristics in the boundary area of ​​the computational domain, the wave energy entering the area is gradually dissipated, thereby achieving the purpose of wave absorption. The sponge layer wave absorption is achieved by modifying the boundary conditions, adjusting the fluid density and viscosity in the sponge layer, and adding damping force. At the same time, the permeability and damping characteristics of the porous medium are used to absorb wave energy. In the simulation, the boundary area is set as the porous medium area, and the corresponding permeability and damping coefficient are set. High-precision numerical formats and boundary processing methods, including compact formats and characteristic methods, are used to reduce numerical dissipation and reflection on the boundary. When selecting a wave absorption method, consider the limitations of computing resources, including computing time, memory, and storage. Compare and verify with actual experimental data or other reliable data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the selected wave absorption method.

[0090] S307. Visualize numerical simulation results. Convert complex tsunami wave propagation data into intuitive graphics or images to facilitate researchers and the public to understand the dynamic changes of tsunami waves. It helps researchers quickly identify key parameters such as tsunami wave propagation trends, speed, height, etc., so as to conduct more in-depth analysis.

[0091] The results of the numerical simulation of tsunami wave propagation can also be visualized, including: (1) Two-dimensional graphics. Contour map: Displays the wave height distribution of tsunami waves at different time points, which helps to understand the propagation range and intensity of tsunami waves. Streamline map: Arrows are used to indicate the propagation direction and speed of tsunami waves, which intuitively displays the flow characteristics of tsunami waves. (2) Three-dimensional graphics. Three-dimensional surface map: Displays the wave surface shape of tsunami waves in three-dimensional space, which more realistically reflects the propagation process of tsunami waves. Volume rendering: By calculating the absorption and emission of light in the three-dimensional data field, the internal structure and appearance image of the tsunami wave are generated, which helps to observe the propagation deformation of tsunami waves on complex terrain. Visualization is achieved through the visualization function of the Python language.

[0092] The above-mentioned high-precision simulation method of tsunami-like waves is based on the fluid conservation equations and the theoretical control equations of tsunami waves. It customizes the incident boundary conditions and wave-breaking boundary conditions of tsunami wave propagation, discretizes the space using the finite volume method, and solves the discretized equations using the implicit time integration method. It constructs a tsunami wave numerical model to simulate the real propagation process of tsunami waves, providing strong support for real-time tsunami warning and emergency response. The wave module allows the adjustment of parameters such as wave height, wave speed and wavelength based on actual conditions. By conducting sensitivity experiments and analyzing fluid velocity fields, pressure distribution, wave shapes, etc., the characteristics of tsunami wave propagation can be fully understood.

[0093] The process of assessing the impact of tsunami waves on offshore structures is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, a numerical model of the interaction between offshore structures and tsunami waves is established mainly based on the actual situation of offshore structures and the simulation results of tsunami waves. This model needs to be able to accurately reflect the propagation characteristics of tsunami waves, the dynamic response of the structure, and the interaction between the structure and the seabed. The impact force of tsunami waves on offshore structures, the stress distribution of structures, deformation, etc. are analyzed. These results can intuitively show the impact degree and damage mode of tsunami waves on offshore structures.

[0094] like Figure 4 , which includes four steps:

[0095] S401. Clarify the specific objectives of the research, evaluate the response and safety of marine structures (such as breakwaters, port facilities, offshore platforms, etc.) under tsunami scenarios, and determine the geographical scope, time scale and characteristics of tsunami waves (wave height, period, propagation direction, etc.) of the research.

[0096] S402. Use the above-mentioned high-precision simulation method for tsunami-like waves to establish a numerical simulation model. Select a tsunami wave propagation model to simulate the propagation process of tsunami waves in the ocean. Establish a finite element model of the offshore structure, consider its dynamic characteristics and interaction with tsunami waves, and perform modeling and meshing. Couple the tsunami wave propagation model with the offshore structure model to simulate the impact of tsunami waves on the offshore structure.

[0097] S403. Run numerical simulation under the set tsunami scenario, record the propagation process of tsunami waves and the response of offshore structures (such as displacement, stress, acceleration, etc.). Conduct in-depth analysis of the numerical simulation results to evaluate the safety of offshore structures under the action of tsunami waves. This may include: Structural response analysis: Analyze the displacement, stress distribution and deformation of offshore structures under the impact of tsunami waves. Failure mode identification: Identify key parts and failure modes that may cause structural damage. Safety performance evaluation: Evaluate the safety performance of offshore structures based on structural responses and failure modes, including their tsunami resistance and remaining life.

[0098] S404, Sensitivity analysis and optimization. Conduct sensitivity analysis to explore the impact of different tsunami parameters (such as wave height and period) and marine structure parameters (such as size and material) on the simulation results. Based on the analysis results, optimize the design or protection measures of the marine structure to improve its tsunami resistance.

[0099] S405. Summarize the results and analysis of numerical simulations, and propose safety assessment conclusions and improvement suggestions for specific offshore structures under tsunamis. These suggestions may include structural reinforcement, additional protective measures, or improved design parameters.

[0100] The simulation results can also be displayed through presentation, including the propagation process of tsunami waves, the dynamic response of the structure, and the failure mode.

[0101] The impact of the above-mentioned tsunami-like waves on marine engineering structures is evaluated. Based on the actual situation of the marine engineering structures and the simulation results of the tsunami waves, a numerical model of the interaction between the marine engineering structures and the tsunami waves is established. The propagation speed, wave height change, energy distribution and other characteristics of the tsunami waves, the displacement, velocity, acceleration and other dynamic response parameters of the marine engineering structures are analyzed. According to the stress distribution and deformation of the structure, the failure mode and bearing capacity of the structure are evaluated, providing strong support for real-time tsunami warning, structural safety assessment and emergency response.

[0102] In order to implement the above method embodiment, the present invention also provides a corresponding high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation system, including:

[0103] The tsunami high-precision numerical simulation module is used to derive the theoretical calculation equation of tsunami waves through the solitary wave superposition method, and combine the fluid mechanics method to perform high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami;

[0104] The simulation coupling module is used to establish a numerical simulation model based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, select a tsunami wave propagation model, simulate the propagation process of the tsunami wave in the ocean, and simultaneously establish a finite element model of the marine engineering structure, couple the tsunami wave propagation model with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure, and simulate the impact of the tsunami wave on the marine engineering structure; perform simulations under different tsunami scenarios and marine engineering structure parameters;

[0105] The analysis module is used to evaluate the safety and optimization direction of marine engineering structures under the action of tsunami waves based on simulation results.

[0106] Each module is mainly used to implement each step of the method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0107] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (e.g., an SD or DX memory, etc.), a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, a server, an App application store, etc., on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, a corresponding function is realized. When the computer-readable storage medium of this embodiment is executed by a processor, the high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method of the method embodiment is realized.

[0108] It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various steps / components described in this application can be split into more steps / components, and two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0109] The order of execution of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0110] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The theoretical calculation equation of tsunami waves is derived through the solitary wave superposition method, and high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami is carried out in combination with fluid mechanics methods; A numerical simulation model is established based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, and a tsunami wave propagation model is selected to simulate the propagation process of the tsunami wave in the ocean. At the same time, a finite element model of the marine engineering structure is established, and the tsunami wave propagation model is coupled with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure to simulate the impact of the tsunami wave on the marine engineering structure; Simulations are carried out under different tsunami scenarios and marine engineering structure parameters, and the safety and optimization direction of marine engineering structures under the action of tsunami waves are evaluated based on the simulation results.

2. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami is as follows: Based on the theoretical calculation equations of tsunami waves, the nonlinear, dispersion and energy dissipation characteristics of tsunami waves during propagation are used as the wave propagation boundary of the numerical simulation method; Through meshing and adaptive encryption technology, detailed numerical simulation is achieved in key areas; In the process of solving the equations, numerical methods and accelerated convergence algorithms are used; The simulation results are verified and checked using historical tsunami data or experimental observation data.

3. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific derivation process of the tsunami wave theoretical calculation equation is as follows: According to the observed tsunami waves, the waves are decomposed by turning points. Each turning point represents a decomposed wave characterized by an isolated wave. n turning points indicate that the tsunami wave is composed of n decomposed waves. The wave that is similar to the isolated wave and has the least overlap with other waves is the main wave. The main wave is fitted first to determine its amplitude, frequency and phase. Fit the amplitude, frequency and phase of other secondary waves with obvious peaks and complete waveforms; The overall planning and stripping methods are used to fit the local waves with positive amplitudes; The multiple fitted waves are superimposed and normalized, and then compared with the real tsunami waves. If they meet the requirements, the fitting is completed.

4. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for evaluating offshore structures based on simulation results are: Determine the geographic extent, time scale and characteristics of tsunami waves based on the specific marine engineering structure to be assessed; A numerical simulation model is established based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, and a tsunami wave propagation model is selected to simulate the propagation process of tsunami waves in the ocean; a finite element model of the marine engineering structure is established, and modeling and meshing are performed based on its dynamic characteristics and interaction with tsunami waves; The tsunami wave propagation model is coupled with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure to simulate the impact of tsunami waves on the marine engineering structure. Run numerical simulations under set tsunami scenarios, record the propagation process of tsunami waves and the response of marine engineering structures, conduct in-depth analysis of the response results, including structural response analysis and damage mode identification, and evaluate the safety of marine engineering structures under tsunami waves based on the analysis results, including tsunami resistance and remaining life.

5. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of evaluating offshore structures based on simulation results also includes the following steps: A sensitivity analysis is conducted to explore the impact of different tsunami parameters and marine engineering structure parameters on the simulation results. Based on the analysis results, the design or protection measures of the marine engineering structure are optimized to improve its tsunami resistance.

6. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Structural response analysis specifically includes: analyzing the displacement, stress distribution and deformation of offshore structures under the impact of tsunami waves.

7. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Failure mode identification specifically includes: identifying key parts and failure modes that may lead to structural failure.

8. The high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-precision numerical simulation results of tsunamis can be visualized through two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphics, including contour maps, streamline maps, three-dimensional surface maps, and three-dimensional volume rendering maps.

9. A high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation system, characterized in that: include: The tsunami high-precision numerical simulation module is used to derive the theoretical calculation equation of tsunami waves through the solitary wave superposition method, and combine the fluid mechanics method to perform high-precision numerical simulation of tsunami; The simulation coupling module is used to establish a numerical simulation model based on the high-precision numerical simulation results of the tsunami, select a tsunami wave propagation model, simulate the propagation process of the tsunami wave in the ocean, and simultaneously establish a finite element model of the marine engineering structure, couple the tsunami wave propagation model with the finite element model of the marine engineering structure, and simulate the impact of the tsunami wave on the marine engineering structure; perform simulations under different tsunami scenarios and marine engineering structure parameters; The analysis module is used to evaluate the safety and optimization direction of marine engineering structures under the action of tsunami waves based on simulation results.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program executable by a processor is stored therein, and the computer program executes the high-precision tsunami wave calculation and evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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