Totally-enclosed transformer cooling structure and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fully-closed transformer cooling structure and method.The fully-closed transformer cooling structure comprises a transformer body, an outer water cooling device and a heat dissipation pipe, a circulating air duct comprising an air outlet cavity, an air exhaust cavity and an air return cavity is arranged outside the transformer body, one end of the air outlet cavity communicates with the upper end of the transformer body, and the other end of the air outlet cavity communicates with the air exhaust cavity and is provided with a fan; the upper end of the outer water cooling device is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the outer water cooling device is provided with an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the air exhaust cavity, the air outlet is communicated with the air return cavity, and the other end of the air return cavity is communicated with the lower end of the transformer body. The coolant condensing portion is located in the outside air. Heat dissipation and cooling of the fully-closed transformer are achieved through cooperation of the heat dissipation pipe and the outer water cooling device, control is more flexible, when the outer water cooling device cannot work, heat dissipation and cooling of the transformer body can be achieved only through the heat dissipation pipe, and the situation that the temperature rises rapidly does not occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of transformers, in particular to a fully enclosed transformer cooling structure and method. Background Art

[0002] For harsh environments with high salt fog and humidity such as at sea, since ordinary dry-type transformers cannot be used in such environments for a long time, fully enclosed dry-type transformers are required, in which the transformer is placed in an IP44 protection grade dry-type transformer casing. However, since the transformer generates a lot of heat during operation, the radiation heat dissipation of the IP44 protection grade dry-type transformer casing alone in a fully enclosed environment cannot meet the transformer heat dissipation requirements. Therefore, external heat dissipation means must be added to reduce the operating environment temperature of the transformer in the fully enclosed casing.

[0003] In the prior art, fully enclosed transformers mainly rely on external water cooling for heat dissipation. It is usually necessary to install an air-to-water cooling heat exchanger, an air-to-air cooling heat exchanger or an air-conditioning radiator on the outer casing to exchange heat with the outside to remove the heat of the transformer. However, this design has the following defects: At present, the external water cooling heat dissipation method, whether it is an air-to-water cooling radiator, an air-to-air cooling radiator or an air-conditioning radiator, requires a fan to be installed on the outer casing. Only when the external radiator operates normally can it play a heat dissipation role. If the external water cooling system cannot work due to abnormal conditions such as power failure or failure of the internal fan, if the transformer operation cannot be cut off in time, the heat generated by the transformer will quickly accumulate in the fully enclosed casing and cause the temperature to rise rapidly, which will cause the transformer temperature to quickly exceed the insulation limit, thereby causing transformer insulation damage or even transformer burning.

[0004] At present, most transformer manufacturers mainly consider improving the heat dissipation capacity of transformers from aspects such as radiator pipelines and sealed shell structures. For example, the CN215342224U patent discloses a fully enclosed dry-type transformer cooling system, which is provided with an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser in a sealed shell, wherein the condenser is in contact with the outside world, and the evaporator and the condenser are connected by a pipeline to form a closed loop. The compressor is installed on the pipeline and transports refrigerant into the pipeline. However, the cooling system cannot play a heat dissipation role in the case of power failure, and the temperature inside the sealed shell will rise rapidly. The CN218004571U patent discloses a fully enclosed dry-type transformer shell that is easy to dissipate heat, which is provided with an installation chamber for accommodating the transformer core and the transformer coil at the bottom of the transformer shell, and a plurality of raised heat dissipation ear chambers are provided above the installation chamber to accommodate the hot air in the transformer to reduce the temperature inside the transformer shell. However, this structure only uses the natural heat exchange between the cold air and the hot air in the heat dissipation ear chamber to achieve the purpose of cooling, and its heat dissipation effect needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a fully enclosed transformer cooling structure and method, which realizes heat dissipation and cooling of the fully enclosed transformer through the cooperation of a heat dissipation pipe and an external water cooling device, which not only makes the control more flexible, but also when the external water cooling device cannot work, since the heat dissipation pipe is a closed cycle and the heat dissipation agent cycle evaporation and condensation will not be affected by external power outages, the transformer body can also rely on the heat dissipation pipe to achieve heat dissipation and cooling, and the temperature will not rise rapidly.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fully enclosed transformer cooling structure comprises a transformer body, an external water cooling device and a heat dissipation pipe, wherein a circulating air duct is arranged outside the transformer body, and the circulating air duct comprises an air outlet chamber, an exhaust chamber and a return air chamber, wherein one end of the air outlet chamber is connected with an air outlet at the upper end of the transformer body, and the other end is connected with the exhaust chamber and is provided with a fan, an air inlet is arranged at the upper end of the external water cooling device and an air outlet is arranged at the lower end, and the air inlet is connected with the exhaust chamber, the air outlet is connected with one end of the return air chamber, and the other end of the return air chamber is connected with the return air outlet at the lower end of the transformer body, the heat dissipation pipe comprises a heat dissipation agent evaporation part and a heat dissipation agent condensation part, wherein the heat dissipation agent evaporation part is arranged in the air outlet chamber, and the heat dissipation agent condensation part is located in the external air, and the heat dissipation agent condensation part comprises a plurality of heat dissipation single tubes, and the lower end of each heat dissipation single tube is vertically connected with the heat dissipation agent evaporation part.

[0008] A heat dissipation agent condensation guide portion is provided on the inner tube wall of the heat dissipation single tube.

[0009] A plurality of protruding pipe sections are provided at the lower end of the heat sink evaporation part, wherein the connecting position of the air outlet cavity and the exhaust cavity forms a transition cavity, the protruding pipe sections are arranged in the transition cavity, and the fan is arranged at one side of the transition cavity.

[0010] The heat dissipation agent condensation part includes a plurality of heat dissipation single tubes whose diameters increase sequentially from the middle to the two sides.

[0011] Both sides of the upper end of the heat dissipation agent condensation part form downward inclined inner walls.

[0012] The external water cooling device comprises a shell, a fan and a heat exchanger, wherein the fan is arranged at the upper end of the shell and is aligned with the air inlet, and the heat exchanger is arranged at the lower end of the shell and is aligned with the air outlet.

[0013] A control method according to the fully enclosed transformer cooling structure is specifically:

[0014] The air outlet cavity is provided with a temperature sensor for judging the heat of the air outlet of the transformer body, wherein:

[0015] When the heat of the transformer body is low, the fan is started and the external water cooling device is not started. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct and is cooled by the heat dissipation pipe;

[0016] When the heat of the transformer body air increases, the fan is turned off and the external water cooling device is started. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct and is cooled by the external water cooling device;

[0017] When the heat of the transformer body continues to increase, the external water cooling device remains in the started state, and the fan is started at the same time. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct and is cooled once through the heat dissipation pipe and is cooled twice through the external water cooling device.

[0018] A method for using the fully enclosed transformer cooling structure is as follows: when the external water cooling device cannot work, the air outlet of the transformer body is cooled by a heat dissipation pipe.

[0019] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. When the present invention is working, the heat of the transformer body air outlet can be determined according to the temperature sensor in the air outlet cavity, and three gears of heat dissipation adjustment can be realized through the cooperation of the heat dissipation pipe and the external water cooling device, and the control and use are more flexible.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, when the external power is cut off or the external water cooling device fails, since the heat pipe is in a closed cycle and the heat dissipation and condensation of the heat dissipant cycle will not be affected by the external power outage, the transformer body can still rely on the heat pipe to achieve heat dissipation and cooling, and the temperature will not rise rapidly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention,

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the heat sink evaporation structure at the bottom of the middle heat pipe.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 View of the cooling agent condensation section A on the upper part of the middle heat pipe.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the single heat dissipation tube.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of Chinese and foreign water cooling devices.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 In the B-direction view,

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the Chinese and foreign water cooling device.

[0029] Among them, 1 is an external water cooling device, 101 is an air inlet, 102 is a fan, 103 is a leakage alarm, 104 is a heat exchanger, 1041 is an interface, 105 is an air outlet, 2 is a circulating air duct, 201 is a return air chamber, 202 is an air outlet chamber, 2021 is a transition chamber, 203 is an exhaust chamber, 3 is a heat pipe, 301 is a heat sink evaporation section, 3011 is a protruding pipe section, 302 is a heat sink condensation section, 3021 is a single heat sink tube, 3022 is a downward inclined inner wall, 303 is a heat sink condensation guide section, 4 is a fan, and 5 is a transformer body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention comprises a transformer body 5, an external water cooling device 1 and a heat dissipation pipe 3, wherein a circulating air duct 2 is provided outside the transformer body 5, and as shown in FIG. Figures 1-2 As shown, the circulating air duct 2 includes an air outlet chamber 202, an exhaust chamber 203 and a return air chamber 201, wherein one end of the air outlet chamber 202 is connected to the air outlet at the upper end of the transformer body 5, and the other end is connected to the exhaust chamber 203 and is provided with a fan 4, as shown in FIG. Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the external water cooling device 1 is provided with an air inlet 101 at the upper end and an air outlet 105 at the lower end, and the air inlet 101 is connected to the exhaust cavity 203, the air outlet 105 is connected to one end of the return air cavity 201, and the other end of the return air cavity 201 is connected to the return air port at the lower end of the transformer body 5, as shown in FIG. Figures 1-2 As shown, the heat pipe 3 includes a lower heat dissipation agent evaporation portion 301 and an upper heat dissipation agent condensation portion 302, wherein the heat dissipation agent evaporation portion 301 is arranged in the air outlet cavity 202, and the heat dissipation agent condensation portion 302 is located in the external air, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the heat sink condensation section 302 includes a plurality of heat sink single tubes 3021, and the lower end of each heat sink single tube 3021 is vertically connected to the heat sink evaporation section 301, and a heat sink condensation guide section 303 is provided on the inner tube wall of the heat sink single tube 3021. A heat sink is provided in the heat sink tube 3, and the heat sink can be made of liquids such as Freon, propane, ethanol, methanol, and water as needed.

[0032] When the present invention is working, the fan 4 is started to make the gas flow in the circulating air duct 2, wherein the hot air output by the transformer body 5 is first cooled by the heat sink evaporation part 301 of the heat sink before entering the external water cooling device 1. Figure 4As shown, the heat sink in the heat sink evaporation part 301 evaporates under heat and becomes gas, rising to the heat sink condensation part 302. Under the action of the cold air with a relatively low temperature outside the equipment, the heat sink condensation part 302 will cause the gaseous heat sink to re-condense into liquid and fall back into the heat sink evaporation part 301. The heat sink condensation guide part 303 can be formed of a capillary structure using a wire mesh or other materials, which can accelerate the re-condensation and reflux of the heat sink. Since this is a closed circulation system, the heat pipe 3 can continue to work independently and stably, and will not be affected by factors such as power failure. The external water cooling device 1 can be started as needed. When the heat dissipation of the transformer body 5 is small, the external water cooling device 1 can be not started. At this time, cooling and heat dissipation are achieved only by relying on the heat pipe 3. When the heat dissipation of the transformer body 5 is large, the external water cooling device 1 starts to dissipate heat. The present invention can save electric energy through the above operation and is more flexible to use. In this embodiment, a temperature sensor is provided at a suitable position in the air outlet cavity 202 for real-time monitoring of the air outlet temperature. When the temperature reaches a set value, the equipment system controls the external water cooling device 1 to start.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, in order to increase the contact area between the heat sink evaporation portion 301 and the hot air, a plurality of protruding pipe sections 3011 are provided at the lower end of the heat sink evaporation portion 301, wherein the connecting position of the air outlet cavity 202 and the exhaust cavity 203 forms a transition cavity 2021, and the protruding pipe section 3011 is arranged in the transition cavity 2021, and the fan 4 is also arranged on one side of the transition cavity 2021, so as not to affect its driving of air to flow in the circulating air duct 2.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat sink condensation section 302 includes a plurality of heat sink single tubes 3021 whose diameters increase successively from the middle to the two sides, so that the heat sink flow rate in each pipe can be evenly distributed. In this embodiment, the diameters of each heat sink single tube 3021 are L1=45mm, L2=50m, L3=55mm, and L4=60mm, respectively. In addition, lower inclined inner walls 3022 are formed on both sides of the upper end of the heat sink condensation section 302, so that the heat sink condensed on the lower inclined inner wall 3022 can be accelerated to fall along the inclined surface, and the parallel arrangement of each heat sink single tube 3021 can also increase the contact area.

[0035] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the external water cooling device 1 includes a housing, a fan 102 and a heat exchanger 104, wherein the fan 102 is arranged at the upper end of the housing and is aligned with the air inlet 101, and the heat exchanger 104 is arranged at the lower end of the housing and is aligned with the air outlet 105. Figure 5As shown, two interfaces 1041 are provided on one side of the shell to communicate with the heat exchanger 104, one of which is the cooling water inlet and the other is the outlet. In this embodiment, in order to ensure the heat dissipation and cooling effect, the heat exchanger 104 adopts an aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger, and the baffles and fins of the heat exchanger are made of very thin aluminum plates. In this embodiment, a leakage alarm 103 is provided at the lower end of the shell of the external water cooling device 1 to timely detect the leakage of the heat exchanger. When the present invention is working, under the action of the fan 102, the hot air in the air outlet cavity 202 is cooled once in the transition cavity 2021, enters the external water cooling device 1 through the exhaust cavity 203 for secondary cooling, and then returns to the transformer body 5 through the return air cavity 201.

[0036] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0037] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, when the present invention is working, the heat of the air outlet of the transformer body 5 can be determined according to the temperature sensor in the air outlet cavity 202 and three levels of heat dissipation adjustment can be achieved, wherein:

[0038] When the heat output from the transformer body 5 is small, the fan 4 is started, and the external water cooling device 1 is not started. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct 2 and is cooled by the heat dissipation pipe 3;

[0039] When the heat of the transformer body 5 increases, the fan 4 is turned off and the external water cooling device 1 is started. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct 2 and is cooled by the external water cooling device 1. Figure 2 As shown, at this time, the air mainly flows through the lower end of the protruding pipe section 3011, and the external water cooling device 1 plays a major role;

[0040] When the heat of the transformer body 5 continues to increase, the external water cooling device 1 remains in the started state, and the fan 4 is started. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct 2 and is cooled once through the heat dissipation pipe 3, and is cooled twice through the external water cooling device 1. Figure 2 As shown, at this time, by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan 4 and the fan 102 in the external water cooling device 1, the air can first pass through the protruding pipe section 3011 and then go downward into the exhaust cavity 203, that is, the heat dissipation pipe 3 can fully play its role.

[0041] In addition, when the external water cooling device 1 fails, since the heat pipe 3 is a closed cycle inside and the heat dissipation agent evaporates and condenses in a cycle, it will not be affected by external power outages. At this time, the transformer body 5 can rely on the heat pipe 3 to achieve heat dissipation and cooling, and the temperature will not rise rapidly.

Claims

1. A fully enclosed transformer cooling structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transformer body (5), an external water cooling device (1) and a heat dissipation pipe (3), wherein a circulating air duct (2) is arranged outside the transformer body (5), and the circulating air duct (2) comprises an air outlet chamber (202), an exhaust chamber (203) and a return air chamber (201), wherein one end of the air outlet chamber (202) is connected to an air outlet at the upper end of the transformer body (5), and the other end is connected to the exhaust chamber (203) and is provided with a fan (4), and the upper end of the external water cooling device (1) is provided with an air inlet (101) and the lower end is provided with an air outlet (105), and the air inlet (101) is connected to the exhaust chamber (203). The air outlet (105) is connected to one end of the return air chamber (201), and the other end of the return air chamber (201) is connected to the return air outlet at the lower end of the transformer body (5); the heat dissipation pipe (3) comprises a heat dissipation agent evaporation portion (301) and a heat dissipation agent condensation portion (302), wherein the heat dissipation agent evaporation portion (301) is arranged in the air outlet chamber (202), and the heat dissipation agent condensation portion (302) is located in the external air; the heat dissipation agent condensation portion (302) comprises a plurality of heat dissipation single tubes (3021), and the lower end of each heat dissipation single tube (3021) is vertically connected to the heat dissipation agent evaporation portion (301).

2. The fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A heat dissipation agent condensation guide portion (303) is provided on the inner tube wall of the single heat dissipation tube (3021).

3. The fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of protruding pipe sections (3011) are provided at the lower end of the heat dissipation agent evaporation portion (301), wherein the connecting position between the air outlet cavity (202) and the exhaust cavity (203) forms a transition cavity (2021), the protruding pipe sections (3011) are arranged in the transition cavity (2021), and the fan (4) is arranged on one side of the transition cavity (2021).

4. The fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat dissipation agent condensation section (302) comprises a plurality of heat dissipation single tubes (3021) whose diameters increase sequentially from the middle to both sides.

5. The fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat dissipation agent condensation portion (302) has downwardly inclined inner walls (3022) formed on both sides of the upper end.

6. The fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external water cooling device (1) comprises a shell, a fan (102) and a heat exchanger (104), wherein the fan (102) is arranged at the upper end of the shell and is aligned with the air inlet (101), and the heat exchanger (104) is arranged at the lower end of the shell and is aligned with the air outlet (105).

7. A control method for the fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor for determining the heat of the air discharged by the transformer body (5) is provided in the air outlet cavity (202), wherein: When the heat output from the transformer body (5) is relatively low, the fan (4) is started and the external water cooling device (1) is not started. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct (2) and is cooled through the heat dissipation pipe (3); When the heat of the air discharged from the transformer body (5) increases, the fan (4) is turned off and the external water cooling device (1) is started, and the air circulates in the circulating air duct (2) and is cooled by the external water cooling device (1); When the heat of the air discharged from the transformer body (5) continues to increase, the external water cooling device (1) remains in the started state, and the fan (4) is started at the same time. At this time, the air circulates in the circulating air duct (2) and is cooled once through the heat dissipation pipe (3), and is cooled twice through the external water cooling device (1).

8. A method for using the fully enclosed transformer cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the external water cooling device (1) fails to work, the air outlet of the transformer body (5) is cooled through the heat dissipation pipe (3).

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