Filtering antenna, common-caliber antenna array and base station

Abstract

The invention discloses a filtering antenna, a common-caliber antenna array and a base station, and the filtering antenna comprises a radiation structure which comprises a radiation substrate, at least one electric dipole and a plurality of open-circuit branches; the electric dipole comprises two annular radiation arms which are symmetrical about the center of the radiation substrate; the annular radiation arm is connected with at least one open-circuit branch knot and is in the same plane with the open-circuit branch knot; and the open-circuit branch knot is used as a filtering structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a filtering antenna, a common aperture antenna array and a base station. Background Art

[0002] With the iterative development of mobile communication technology, factors such as massive multiple input multiple output (Massive MIMO), new frequency bands, frequency refarming, and the coexistence of second-generation wireless telephone technology (2G) / 3G / 4G / 5G systems have increased the number of frequency bands required to be supported by antennas in base stations, and the corresponding antenna data has also increased dramatically.

[0003] Operators hope to add antennas that support more frequency bands to existing base stations to adapt to the development of mobile communications. As a result, co-aperture antennas that support multiple frequency bands and multiple arrays have become the mainstream of base station antennas today.

[0004] However, co-aperture antennas usually bring about serious coupling problems between different frequency bands, resulting in the degradation of the performance of co-aperture antennas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a filtering antenna, a co-aperture antenna array and a base station, which are used to solve the technical problem of severe coupling between different frequency bands in the co-aperture antenna in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, in order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a filtering antenna, including:

[0007] A radiation structure, the radiation structure comprising a radiation substrate, at least one electric dipole and a plurality of open branches;

[0008] The electric dipole comprises two annular radiation arms that are symmetrical about the center of the radiation substrate;

[0009] The annular radiation arm is connected to at least one open-circuit branch and is in the same plane; the open-circuit branch serves as a filtering structure.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the annular radiation arm is in a quadrilateral shape;

[0011] Each side of the annular radiation arm is connected to at least one open-circuit branch.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, two open branches with opposite opening directions are provided on the same side of the annular radiation arm.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, each side of the annular radiation arm close to the center of the radiation substrate is provided with an open branch node with an opening direction away from the center of the radiation substrate;

[0014] Each side of the annular radiation arm away from the center of the radiation substrate is provided with two open branches facing each other.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the shape of the open branch is L-shaped, and the corner of the L-shaped open branch is a right angle or an arc corner.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the radiation structure further includes:

[0017] The coupling branch corresponds to at least one of the open-circuit branches and is located on a different surface of the radiation substrate from the corresponding open-circuit branch. The coupling branch overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding open-circuit branch on the radiation substrate.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, the coupling branch corresponds to one of the open-circuit branches, and the orthographic projections of the coupling branch and the corresponding open-circuit branch on the radiation substrate coincide.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, the coupling branch is an open ring;

[0020] The open ring corresponds to two adjacent open branches connected to the same side of the annular radiation arm; and the opening of the open ring coincides with the gap between the two open branches.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the filtering antenna further includes:

[0022] A balun feeding structure is located on one side of the radiating structure; the balun feeding structure comprises a supporting structure and a feeding line pair arranged on the supporting structure and corresponding to the electric dipole;

[0023] One end of the support structure is fixedly connected to the radiation substrate;

[0024] The feeder pair includes a first feeder and a second feeder;

[0025] The two annular radiation arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate, and the first feeder line and the second feeder line are directly connected or coupled to the two annular radiation arms respectively;

[0026] Alternatively, the two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on a side of the radiating substrate away from the balun feeding structure, and the first feeding line and the second feeding line are directly connected to the two annular radiating arms respectively.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the two annular radiation arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate, and the radiation structure further includes:

[0028] The feeding coupling structure is located on a side of the radiation substrate away from the coupled annular radiation arm of the two annular radial arms, and the feeding coupling structure overlaps with the coupled annular radiation arm. The feeding coupling structure is connected to the second feeding line.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the filtering antenna further includes:

[0030] A metal reflector plate is located on a side of the balun feeding structure away from the low-frequency radiation structure; the metal reflector plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the support structure;

[0031] The metal reflector is a flat metal reflector or a U-shaped metal reflector.

[0032] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a co-aperture antenna array, including:

[0033] The filtering antenna as described in the first aspect;

[0034] A plurality of antennas are distributed around the filtering antenna, and the height of the high-frequency antenna is smaller than the height of the filtering antenna; wherein the frequency of the filtering antenna is smaller than the frequency of the antenna.

[0035] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, comprising the co-aperture antenna array as described in the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a common aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A diagram showing a comparison of mutual isolation simulation results between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7-Figure 12 A simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 A top view of a radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14A comparison diagram of directivity coefficient simulations corresponding to the filter antenna with and without coupling branches provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 16-Figure 21 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of another filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.23 A top view of a filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.24 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.25 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 26-Figure 31 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.32 A top view of another radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.33 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.34 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 35-Figure 40 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.41 A top view of another radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.42 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.43 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 44-Figure 49Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.50 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.13 A simple schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA' direction;

[0058] Fig.51 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.50 A side view of the corresponding filter antenna;

[0059] Fig.52 A top view of a radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.53 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.52 A simple schematic diagram of the cross section in the BB' direction;

[0061] Fig.54 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common aperture filtering antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.55 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 56-Figure 61 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.62 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.63 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.64 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 65-Figure 70 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.71 A schematic structural diagram of a common-aperture antenna array is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Reference numerals:

[0070] Radiating structure 1, radiating substrate 11, electric dipole 12, open branch 13, annular radiating arm 121, coupling branch 14, opening K, gap K', balun feeding structure 2, supporting structure 21, second feeding line 23, feeding coupling structure 15, metal reflector 3, antenna cover 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The embodiments of the present invention provide a filtering antenna, a co-aperture antenna array and a base station, which are used to solve the technical problem of severe coupling between different frequency bands in the co-aperture antenna in the prior art.

[0072] It should be understood that the specific structural and functional details disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are only representative and are for the purpose of describing the exemplary embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be specifically implemented in many alternative forms or combinations, and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0073] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, the term "includes" and any variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0074] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0075] The terms used in this application are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "one" and "item" used herein are also intended to include plural numbers. It should also be understood that the terms "include" and / or "comprise" used herein specify the existence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, units and / or components, without excluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0076] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same figure marks in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated descriptions will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the present invention are all explained using the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes can be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of the present invention. The drawings of the present invention are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportions.

[0077] It should be noted that specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The subsequent description of the specification is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the description is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the definition of the attached claims.

[0078] In the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a filtering antenna, a common-aperture antenna array and a base station provided by an embodiment of the present invention are specifically described.

[0079] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the filtering antenna comprising:

[0080] The radiation structure 1 includes a radiation substrate 11, at least one electric dipole 12 and a plurality of open branches 13; Figure 1 The radiating structure 1 shown may be provided with an electric dipole 12, or may be provided with a Figure 2 The radiation structure 1 shown is provided with two electric dipoles 12, and the two electric dipoles 12 are placed orthogonally to achieve dual polarization;

[0081] The electric dipole 12 includes two annular radiation arms 121 symmetrical about the center O of the radiation substrate 11; the two annular radiation arms included in the electric dipole 12 can be as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ring-shaped radiation arm 121 may be located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate 11 or on the same surface of the radiation substrate 11, without limitation. The ring-shaped radiation arm 121 may be circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, regular hexagonal, etc., without limitation.

[0082] The annular radiation arm 121 is connected to at least one open branch 13 and is in the same plane; the open branch 13 serves as a filtering structure. When current flows from the position where the open branch 12 is connected to the connected annular radiation arm 121 to the end of the open branch 13, the electromagnetic field formed by returning at the end of the open branch 13 partially offsets the electromagnetic field generated by the annular radiation arm 12, thereby achieving a filtering effect.

[0083] An open-circuit branch 13 may be provided on a ring-shaped radiation arm 121, or Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this way, a plurality of open branches 13 are arranged. Specifically, the number of open branches 13 arranged on each annular radiation arm 121 is not limited here.

[0084] In some embodiments, the shape of the open branch 13 is L-shaped, and the corner of the L-shaped open branch 13 is a right angle or an arc corner.

[0085] See also Figure 3-Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a common aperture antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein Figure 3 The first antenna in the example does not have an antenna array (i.e., it does not have a radiation plate and cannot radiate electromagnetic waves). Figure 4 The radiation structure 1 of the first antenna is Figure 2 The structure after removing the open-circuit branch 13 (i.e., no filtering structure is provided), Figure 5 The filter antenna in the Figure 2 structure; Figure 2-Figure 5 In the invention, four identical second antennas are arranged around the first antenna and the filtering antenna, and the frequency of the second antenna is greater than the frequency of the first antenna and the filtering antenna; the structure of the second antenna is not limited. Hereinafter, the electromagnetic waves generated by the third antenna and the filtering antenna are referred to as low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves generated by the second antenna are referred to as high-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0086] For ease of explanation, Figure 3 , Figure 4 The corresponding common aperture antenna arrays are respectively recorded as Model 1 and Model 2. Figure 2 The filter antenna shown Figure 5 The co-aperture antenna array shown is denoted as model 1.

[0087] See also Figure 6 A comparison diagram of mutual isolation simulation results between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Medium and thin lines represent Figure 4 The S parameter curve of model 2 (i.e., the antenna without filtering structure) is shown, and the bold line represents Figure 5 The S parameter curve of the present model 1 (i.e., an open-circuit branch 13 is provided, which is a filtering antenna with a filtering structure) is shown in FIG. Figure 6It can be seen that in most frequency bands, compared with Figure 4 No filtering structure is added to the third antenna (i.e., the low-frequency antenna element). Figure 5 The mutual isolation between the second antenna and the filtering antenna (i.e., high-frequency and low-frequency antennas) has been greatly improved, from -14 to -20dB to -16 to -30dB.

[0088] See also Figure 7-Figure 12 A simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna patterns at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7-Figure 12 The radiating structure 1 in the filter antenna of the Nakamoto model uses Figure 2 As shown in the structure. Since the first antenna in model 1 cannot radiate electromagnetic waves, it is equivalent to that the common aperture antenna array in model 1 radiates the same high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and there is no low-frequency electromagnetic wave to block the high-frequency electromagnetic waves, so there will be no high-low frequency coupling. The electromagnetic waves generated by the corresponding model 1 can be regarded as ideal electromagnetic waves; since the antenna array in the third antenna in model 2 only contains Figure 2 The four circular radiation arms in the model 2 do not have open-circuit branches 13, so the third antenna in the common-aperture antenna array in model 2 can generate low-frequency electromagnetic waves, which will block the high-frequency electromagnetic waves generated by the third antenna. Therefore, the electromagnetic waves generated by model 2 have serious coupling between high and low frequencies. Figure 7-12 It can be seen that: except for the 2.69 GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 1 is similar to that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of the model 2 without adding a filtering structure on the antenna vibrator is quite different from that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator; this indicates that the low-frequency antenna will have a greater impact on the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern, and in this embodiment, by adding an open-circuit branch 13 to the annular radiation arm 121, a better filtering effect is achieved, so that the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern is restored to the situation without the low-frequency antenna vibrator at most frequency points, thereby eliminating the coupling between the high and low frequency antennas to a certain extent.

[0089] It should be noted that, for the convenience of observation, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The annular radiation arm 121 and the open branch 13 on the upper surface of the radiation substrate 11 are indicated by solid lines, and the annular radiation arm 121 and the open branch 13 on the lower surface of the radiation substrate 11 are indicated by dotted lines. The high-frequency electromagnetic wave and the low-frequency electromagnetic wave can be based on the electromagnetic wave range specified in the communication industry, or can be customized according to actual needs, and there is no specific limitation.

[0090] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, at least one open-circuit branch 13 is provided on the annular radiating arm 121 as a filtering structure, so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the current on the open-circuit branch 13 are offset by part of the electromagnetic waves generated by the annular radiating arm 121, thereby eliminating the coupling between the high and low frequency antennas, thereby improving the performance of the co-aperture antenna array.

[0091] Please continue to see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shape of the annular radiation arm 121 is a quadrilateral, such as a rectangle, a square, a parallelogram, etc.; each side of the annular radiation arm 121 is connected to at least one open branch 13.

[0092] By setting the shape of the annular radiation arm to a quadrilateral, the size of the radiation structure 1 can be reduced and miniaturization is facilitated; and by connecting at least one open-circuit branch 13 to each side of the annular radiation arm, at least one filtering structure can be formed on each side to filter out high-frequency electromagnetic waves, thereby filtering out more electromagnetic waves, further reducing the mutual coupling of high- and low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and improving the performance of the co-aperture antenna array including the filtering antenna of this embodiment.

[0093] See also Fig.13 A top view of a radiation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation structure 1 further includes:

[0094] The coupling branch 14 corresponds to at least one open branch 13 and is located on a different surface of the radiation substrate 11 from the corresponding open branch 13 . The orthographic projections of the coupling branch 14 and the corresponding open branch 13 on the radiation substrate 11 overlap.

[0095] Fig.13 is Figure 2 The structure is obtained by further adding coupling branches 14, each coupling branch 14 corresponds to at least one open branch 13. Fig.13 Each coupling branch 14 corresponds to an open branch 13 , but some open branches 13 may not correspond to coupling branches 14 .

[0096] Please continue to see Fig.13 , the coupling branch 14 corresponds to an open branch 13, and the orthographic projections of the coupling branch 14 and the corresponding open branch 13 on the radiation substrate 11 coincide. Fig.14 The following is a comparison diagram of the directivity coefficients of the filter antenna with and without coupling branches provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Fig.14 It can be seen that by arranging a coupling branch 14 on a side of the radiation substrate 11 away from the branch 13 and coinciding with the orthographic projection of the corresponding coupling branch 14 on the radiation substrate 11, the directivity coefficient can be increased, thereby improving the radiation performance of the filtering antenna.

[0097] See also Figure 15-Figure 21 , Fig.15 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 16-Figure 21 Another high-frequency antenna pattern simulation comparison diagram at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.15 The filter antenna used in the Fig.13 The structure of the corresponding co-aperture antenna array is denoted as model 2.

[0098] from Figure 16-Figure 21 It can be seen that, except for the 2.69 GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of model 2 is similar to that of model 1 without an antenna vibrator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of model 2 without adding a filtering structure on the antenna vibrator is quite different from that of model 1 without an antenna vibrator.

[0099] It can be seen that after adding the open-circuit branch 13 and the corresponding coupling branch 14, this model 2 has a better filtering effect, so that the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern is restored to the situation without the low-frequency antenna vibrator at most frequency points, which eliminates the coupling between the high and low frequency antennas to a certain extent and improves the radiation performance of the filtering antenna.

[0100] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, two open branches 13 are provided on the same side of the annular radiation arm 121 (eg, the side away from the center O of the radiation substrate 11) with openings K facing each other; Fig. 22 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another filtering antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It can also be that each side of the annular radiating arm 121 is provided with two open branches 13 in the direction of opening K. In addition, Fig. 22 In the figure, each open branch 13 on the upper surface of the radiation substrate 11 is provided with a coupling branch 14 of the same shape and size, and some open branches 13 on the lower surface of the radiation substrate 11 are provided with coupling branches 14 of the same shape and size. The corresponding top view is shown in FIG. Fig.23 As shown. Fig. 22 The three-dimensional schematic diagram of the common aperture antenna array is as follows Fig.24 As shown, Fig.24 The corresponding co-aperture antenna array is denoted as model 3.

[0101] See also Fig.25 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.25It can be seen that compared with model 2 in which no filtering structure is added to the third antenna (low-frequency antenna vibrator), in model 3, two open branches 13 with openings K facing each other are set on each side of the annular radiation arm 121, so that the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas is greatly improved from -14 to -20 dB to -20 to -32 dB. And compared with model 2, model 3 has better mutual isolation in the low-frequency band of 1.69 to 1.8 GHz.

[0102] See also Figure 26-Figure 31 Another high-frequency antenna pattern simulation comparison diagram at different frequencies provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 26-Figure 31 It can be seen that, except for the 2.69 GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 3 is similar to that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of the model 2 without adding a filtering structure on the antenna vibrator is quite different from that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator. Compared with the present model 2, the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 3 is closer to that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator at the 1.69 GHz, 1.85 GHz, and 2.33 GHz frequencies, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 2 is closer to that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator at the 2.01 GHz, 2.17 GHz, and 2.69 GHz frequencies.

[0103] Therefore, by providing two open branches 13 with openings K facing each other on each side of the annular radiation arm 121, the filtering performance of the filtering antenna at certain frequency points can be improved, but the filtering performance at other frequency points may also be reduced.

[0104] See also Fig.32 A top view of another radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.32 An open branch 13 with an opening K facing the center of the radiation substrate 11 is arranged near the center of the radiation substrate 11 in the middle annular radiation arm 121, and two open branches 13 with openings K facing each other are arranged on each side of the annular radiation arm 121 away from the center of the radiation substrate 11. Fig.33 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another co-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of the present invention is denoted as model 4.

[0105] See also Fig.34 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.34 It can be seen that compared with model 2, which does not add a filtering structure to the low-frequency antenna oscillator, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in model 4 has been greatly improved, from -14 to -20dB to -16 to -33dB. Compared with model 2, model 4 has better mutual isolation in frequency bands other than 2.29 to 2.47GHz.

[0106] See also Figure 35-Figure 40 Another high-frequency antenna pattern simulation comparison diagram at different frequencies provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 35-Figure 40 It can be seen that, except for the 2.69 GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 4 is similar to that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of the model 2 without the filtering structure added to the antenna vibrator is quite different from that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator. However, compared with the present model 2, the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 4 is slightly different from that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator.

[0107] In this model 2, an open branch 13 with an opening K facing away from the center of the radiation substrate 11 is provided on each side of the annular radiation arm 121 close to the center of the radiation substrate 11; two open branches 13 with openings K facing each other are provided on each side of the annular radiation arm 121 away from the center of the radiation substrate 11.

[0108] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, an open-circuit branch 13 with an opening K facing away from the center of the radiation substrate 11 is provided on each side of the annular radiation arm 121 close to the center of the radiation substrate 11; and two open-circuit branches 13 with openings K facing each other are provided on each side of the annular radiation arm 121 away from the center of the radiation substrate 11, thereby improving the filtering performance of the filtering antenna.

[0109] See also Fig.41 A top view of another radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the coupling branch 14 is an open K ring; the open K ring corresponds to two adjacent open branches 13 connected to the same side of the annular radiation arm; and the opening K of the open K ring coincides with the gap K' between the two open branches 13.

[0110] See also Fig.42 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.42 The filter antenna in the common aperture antenna array adopts Fig.41 The radiating structure 1 shown, Fig.42 The co-aperture antenna array shown is denoted as Model 5.

[0111] See also Fig.43 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.43 It can be seen that in the 2-2.69 GHz frequency band, compared with model 2 where no filtering structure is added to the low-frequency antenna oscillator, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in model 5 has been greatly improved, from -14--17 dB to -20--31 dB. However, in the 1.69-2 GHz frequency band, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in model 5 is poor.

[0112] See also Figure 44-Figure 49Another high-frequency antenna pattern simulation comparison diagram at different frequencies provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 44-49 It can be seen that, except for the 1.69 GHz and 2.69 GHz frequencies, at most frequencies, the high-frequency radiation patterns of model 5 are similar to those of model 1 without an antenna element and model 2, while the high-frequency radiation patterns of model 2 without adding a filtering structure on the antenna element are quite different from those of model 1 without an antenna element.

[0113] Therefore, when the coupling branch 14 is set as an open K-ring, the filtering performance in the low frequency band is reduced compared with setting it as an L-shape.

[0114] See also Figure 50-Figure 52 , Fig.50 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.13 A simple schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA' direction, Fig.51 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.50 A side view of the corresponding filtering antenna, Fig.52 A top view of a radiation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.53 The embodiment of the present invention provides Fig.52 A simple schematic diagram of the cross section in the BB' direction, the filtering antenna also includes:

[0115] The balun feeding structure 2 is located at one side of the radiation structure 1; the balun feeding structure 2 includes a support structure 21 and a feed line pair arranged on the support structure 21 and corresponding to the electric dipole 12; if the filtering antenna includes two electric dipoles 12, the two electric dipoles 12 each correspond to a feed line pair; if the filtering antenna includes one electric dipole 12, the one electric dipole 12 corresponds to one feed line pair;

[0116] One end of the support structure 21 is fixedly connected to the radiation substrate 11;

[0117] The feeder pair includes a first feeder and a second feeder 23; the above-mentioned support structure 21 can be composed of two printed circuit boards, which are arranged in a cross shape, and the first feeder and the second feeder 23 corresponding to an electric dipole 12 are respectively located on two sides of a printed circuit board; if the first feeder is grounded, one side of the printed circuit board can be covered with copper as the second feeder, and the second feeder is directly connected to the corresponding annular radiation arm 121 on the upper surface of the radiation substrate 11; a copper trace is set on the other side of the printed circuit board as the second feeder 23.

[0118] like Fig.50 As shown, the two annular radiation arms 121 of the electric dipole 12 are located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate 11, and the second feeder 23 is coupled to the corresponding annular radiation arm 121; since the first feeder is on the other surface of the printed circuit board, the first feeder is not shown in the figure.

[0119] See also Fig.50 and Fig.51 ( Fig.51 The side view direction is Fig.13 AA' corresponds to the extension direction of the cutting line), the two annular radiation arms 121 of the electric dipole 12 are located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate 11, and the radiation structure 1 also includes:

[0120] The feeding coupling structure 15 is located on a side of the radiation substrate 11 away from the coupled annular radiation arm 121 of the two annular radial arms, and the feeding coupling structure 15 overlaps with the coupled annular radiation arm 121 . The feeding coupling structure 15 is connected to the second feeding line 23 .

[0121] like Fig.52 and Fig.53 As shown, the two annular radiation arms 121 of the electric dipole 12 are located on one side of the radiation substrate 11 away from the balun feeding structure 2, and the first feeder and the second feeder 23 are directly connected to the two annular radiation arms 121 respectively. Since the first feeder is on the other side of the printed circuit board, the first feeder is not shown in the figure. Fig.52 In the figure, since the coupling branch 14 is located on the lower surface of the radiation substrate 11, it cannot be shown. Fig.53 The routing of the second feeder line 23 on the support structure 21 can refer to Fig.51 .

[0122] See also Fig.54 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common aperture filtering antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.54 The filter antenna adopts Fig.52 The structure, Fig.54 The corresponding co-aperture antenna array is denoted as Model 6.

[0123] See also Fig.55 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Fig.55 It can be seen that compared with model 2, which does not add a filtering structure to the low-frequency antenna oscillator, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in model 6 has been greatly improved, from -14 to -20dB to -18 to -39dB. Compared with model 2, the mutual isolation of model 6 in the 2.11 to 2.33GHz frequency band is poor, and the mutual isolation in the 2.33 to 2.69GHz frequency band is good.

[0124] See also Figure 56-Figure 61 Another high-frequency antenna pattern simulation comparison diagram at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 56-Figure 61It can be seen that, except for 1.69 GHz and 2.69 GHz, at most frequencies, the high-frequency radiation pattern of model 6 is similar to that of model 1 without antenna oscillator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of model 2 without adding filtering structure on the antenna oscillator is quite different from that of model 1 without antenna oscillator. However, compared with model 2, the difference between the high-frequency radiation pattern of model 6 and the model without antenna oscillator is slightly larger.

[0125] Therefore, using the direct feeding method will reduce the filtering performance of the antenna to a certain extent.

[0126] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, by arranging the two annular radiating arms 121 in the electric dipole 12 on different surfaces of the radiating substrate 11, and arranging the feeding coupling structure 15 for the annular radiating arm 121 located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11, and connecting the second feeding line 23 to the feeding coupling structure 15, and then coupling the second feeding line 23 to the annular radiating arm 121 located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11 through the feeding coupling structure 15, the filtering performance of the filtering antenna can be improved.

[0127] See also Fig.62 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the filtering antenna further includes:

[0128] The metal reflector plate 3 is located on the side of the balun feeding structure 2 away from the low-frequency radiation structure 1; the metal reflector plate 3 is fixedly connected to the other end of the support structure 21;

[0129] The metal reflective plate 3 is a flat metal reflective plate 3 or a U-shaped metal reflective plate 3 .

[0130] Please continue to see Fig.62 The filtering antenna also includes a radome 4 covering the metal reflector 3 .

[0131] See also Fig.63 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.63 The metal reflector 3 in the filtering antenna is a flat metal reflector 3. Fig.63 The corresponding co-aperture antenna array is denoted as model 7.

[0132] See also Fig.64 Another mutual isolation simulation comparison diagram between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.64 It can be seen that compared with model 2 where a filtering structure is not added to the low-frequency antenna element, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in model 7 is greatly improved, from -14 to -20 dB to -15 to -30 dB, which is almost the same as the mutual isolation curve of model 2.

[0133] See also Figure 65-Figure 70Another high-frequency antenna pattern simulation comparison diagram at different frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 65-Figure 70 It can be seen that at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 7 is similar to that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of the model 2 without the filtering structure added to the antenna vibrator is quite different from that of the model 1 without the antenna vibrator. However, compared with the model 2 (the metal reflector 3 in the model 2 is a U-shaped metal reflector 3), the peak gain of the high-frequency radiation pattern of the present model 7 is slightly lower.

[0134] Therefore, the use of the planar metal reflector 3 will hardly affect the filtering performance of the antenna, but will cause a certain degree of reduction in the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna.

[0135] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, by setting the metal reflection plate 3 in the filtering antenna as a U-shaped metal reflection plate 3, the radiation performance can be effectively improved.

[0136] Based on the same inventive concept, see Fig.71 A structural schematic diagram of a co-aperture antenna array is provided for an embodiment of the present invention, and the co-aperture antenna array includes:

[0137] The filtering antenna 100 as above;

[0138] The plurality of antennas 200 are distributed around the filtering antenna 100 , and a height h1 of the antenna 200 is smaller than a height h2 of the filtering antenna 100 ; wherein the frequency of the filtering antenna 100 is smaller than the frequency of the antenna 200 .

[0139] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including the co-aperture antenna array as described above.

[0140] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0141] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A filtering antenna, characterized in that: include: A radiation structure, the radiation structure comprising a radiation substrate, at least one electric dipole and a plurality of open branches; The electric dipole comprises two annular radiation arms that are symmetrical about the center of the radiation substrate; The annular radiation arm is connected to at least one open-circuit branch and is in the same plane; the open-circuit branch serves as a filtering structure.

2. The filtering antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The shape of the annular radiation arm is a quadrilateral; Each side of the annular radiation arm is connected to at least one open-circuit branch.

3. The filtering antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two open-circuit branches with opposite opening directions are arranged on the same side of the annular radiation arm.

4. The filtering antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: An open branch node with an opening direction away from the center of the radiation substrate is provided on each side of the annular radiation arm close to the center of the radiation substrate; Each side of the annular radiation arm away from the center of the radiation substrate is provided with two open branches facing each other.

5. The filtering antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The shape of the open branch is L-shaped, and the corner of the L-shaped open branch is a right angle or an arc corner.

6. The filtering antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The radiation structure further includes: The coupling branch corresponds to at least one of the open-circuit branches and is located on a different surface of the radiation substrate from the corresponding open-circuit branch. The coupling branch overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding open-circuit branch on the radiation substrate.

7. The filtering antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coupling branch corresponds to one of the open-circuit branches, and the coupling branch and the corresponding open-circuit branch have orthographic projections on the radiation substrate that overlap.

8. The filtering antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coupling branch is an open ring; The open ring corresponds to two adjacent open branches connected to the same side of the annular radiation arm; and the opening of the open ring coincides with the gap between the two open branches.

9. The filtering antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtering antenna also includes: A balun feeding structure is located on one side of the radiating structure; the balun feeding structure comprises a supporting structure and a feeding line pair arranged on the supporting structure and corresponding to the electric dipole; One end of the support structure is fixedly connected to the radiation substrate; The feeder pair includes a first feeder and a second feeder; The two annular radiation arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate, and the first feeder line and the second feeder line are directly connected or coupled to the two annular radiation arms respectively; Alternatively, the two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on a side of the radiating substrate away from the balun feeding structure, and the first feeding line and the second feeding line are directly connected to the two annular radiating arms respectively.

10. The filtering antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that The two annular radiation arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiation substrate, and the radiation structure further includes: The feeding coupling structure is located on a side of the radiation substrate away from the coupled annular radiation arm of the two annular radial arms, and the feeding coupling structure overlaps with the coupled annular radiation arm. The feeding coupling structure is connected to the second feeding line.

11. The filtering antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filtering antenna also includes: A metal reflector plate is located on a side of the balun feeding structure away from the low-frequency radiation structure; the metal reflector plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the support structure; The metal reflector is a flat metal reflector or a U-shaped metal reflector.

12. A common aperture antenna array, characterized in that: include: The filtering antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11; A plurality of antennas are distributed around the filtering antenna, and the height of the high-frequency antenna is smaller than the height of the filtering antenna; wherein the frequency of the filtering antenna is smaller than the frequency of the antenna.

13. A base station, characterized in that: Comprising the co-aperture antenna array as described in claim 12.

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