Surgical instrument and surgical system

Abstract

The application discloses a surgical instrument and a surgical system, and the surgical instrument comprises a handle assembly, a jaw assembly, a jaw tube assembly and a switch structure. The handle assembly comprises a handle and a trigger, and the jaw assembly comprises a first jaw and a second jaw capable of being relatively pivoted, and at least one of the first jaw and the second jaw is configured to be capable of processing biological tissues. The jaw tube assembly comprises a pull rod and a jaw tube, a second fluid channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod and the inner peripheral wall of the jaw tube, an opening is arranged on the jaw tube and is in communication with the second fluid channel, a first fluid channel is in communication with the second fluid channel and is used for being connected with a fluid conveying device to realize fluid passage between the opening and the fluid conveying device, and the switch structure is configured to be capable of being switched between a first state and a second state and is used for acting on the fluid passage. The surgical instrument can reduce instrument switching in a surgical process, improve surgical efficiency, shorten a surgical time length and reduce a workload of a doctor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and more particularly to a surgical instrument and surgical system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, minimally invasive surgery occupies an important position in surgical procedures, and surgical instruments are commonly used in minimally invasive surgery. In clinical surgical procedures, in addition to cutting or electrocoagulating biological tissues, other instruments are needed to assist in other operations. For example, during laparoscopic surgery, the smoke generated by surgical instruments can affect the surgical field and interfere with the surgeon's work. Traditional methods of smoke removal usually require the use of trocars or irrigation tubes, necessitating interruptions in the surgical procedure to introduce new instruments, thus reducing surgical efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a surgical instrument and a surgical system.

[0004] A first aspect of the present invention provides a surgical instrument comprising:

[0005] A handle assembly includes a handle for gripping and a trigger capable of moving relative to the handle, the handle having a first fluid channel;

[0006] A forceps assembly, including a first forceps head and a second forceps head, the first forceps head and the second forceps head being pivotable relative to each other to open or close the forceps assembly, at least one of the first forceps head and the second forceps head being configured to process biological tissue;

[0007] A clamp tube assembly includes a pull rod and a clamp tube sleeved outside the pull rod, used to connect the clamp head assembly and the handle. When the trigger moves relative to the handle, the clamp head assembly moves under the action of the pull rod, which has a kinematic relationship with the trigger, so that the first clamp head and the second clamp head pivot relative to each other. A second fluid channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod and the inner peripheral wall of the clamp tube. An opening communicating with the second fluid channel is provided on the clamp tube near the clamp head assembly. The first fluid channel communicates with the second fluid channel and is used to connect with a fluid delivery device to realize a fluid passage between the opening and the fluid delivery device.

[0008] A switching structure is configured to switch between a first state and a second state and act on the fluid passage. When the switching structure is in the first state, the fluid passage is in a conducting state, and when the switching structure is in the second state, the fluid passage is in a closed state.

[0009] A second aspect of the invention provides a surgical system comprising a surgical power source and the aforementioned surgical instruments. The surgical power source is connected to the surgical instruments to provide power to them.

[0010] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the surgical instrument proposed in this invention, by providing an opening near the forceps head assembly and establishing a fluid passage between the opening and the fluid delivery device through the first and second fluid channels within the instrument, can achieve fluid discharge, such as venting smoke generated during surgery. The switch structure allows the surgeon to easily and quickly control the opening and closing of the fluid delivery. This application achieves tissue processing and fluid delivery functions with a single surgical instrument, reducing instrument switching during surgery, eliminating the need to introduce new instruments, thus avoiding interruptions to the surgical procedure, improving surgical efficiency, shortening surgical time, and reducing the workload of the surgeon. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument proposed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the handle assembly proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamp tube assembly near the clamp head assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A horizontal cross-sectional view of the connection between the intermediate transfer structure and the second fluid channel;

[0017] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A vertical cross-sectional view of the connection between the intermediate transfer structure and the second fluid channel;

[0018] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the structure shown;

[0019] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the forceps assembly of the surgical instrument proposed in an embodiment of the present invention when it is opened, and a cross-sectional view of the handle is shown in the figure;

[0020] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the forceps assembly of the surgical instrument proposed in an embodiment of the present invention when closed, and a cross-sectional view of the handle is shown in the figure;

[0021] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the handle of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a modified form of the switch structure;

[0022] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the switch structure in the first state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the switch structure in the second state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the handle of a surgical instrument proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, showing another variation of the switch structure;

[0025] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the switch structure in the first state shown;

[0026] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the switch structure in the second state shown;

[0027] Figure 16 yes Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the switch structure shown.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 100. Surgical instrument; 10. Handle assembly; 11. Handle; 11a. Upper side; 11b. Lower side; 11c. Front side; 11d. Rear side; 111. Main body; 1111. Head; 1112. Tail; 112. Grip; 113. Second limiting protrusion; 12. Trigger; 121. Connecting part; 122. Operating part; 1221. Inner hole; 123. Rotating shaft; 13. Rotating wheel; 131. Extension; 132. First limiting annular groove; 133. First limiting protrusion; 134. Second limiting annular groove; 20. Fist head assembly; 21. First pliers head; 22. Second pliers head; 30. Fist tube assembly; 31. Fist tube; 31a. First insulating tube; 311. Opening; 312. Insulating layer 313. Front section; 32. Pull rod; 32a. Second insulating tube; 33. Second fluid channel; 34. Connecting seat; 40. Adapter structure; 41. Inner cavity; 42. First interface; 421. First end; 422. Second end; 43. Second interface; 44. First sealing ring; 45. Sealing element; 45a. Second sealing ring; 46. Limiting element; 461. Blocking part; 462. Covering part; 47. Abutting part; 50. First fluid channel; 51. First section; 52. Second section; 60. Switch structure; 61. Valve body; 611. Reset element; 612. Connecting channel; 613. First outlet; 614. Second outlet; 62. Switch element; 63. Valve; 631. Through hole; 70. Function button. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0032] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0033] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0034] Currently, minimally invasive surgery occupies an important position in surgical procedures, and surgical instruments are commonly used in minimally invasive surgery. In clinical surgical procedures, in addition to cutting or electrocoagulating biological tissues, other instruments are needed to assist in other operations. For example, during laparoscopic surgery, energy instruments, such as bipolar electrocoagulation devices and ultrasonic scalpels, inevitably generate smoke during use. This smoke can affect the surgical field and interfere with the surgeon's work. Traditional methods of smoke removal usually require the use of trocars or irrigation tubes, necessitating interruptions in the surgical procedure to introduce new instruments, thus reducing surgical efficiency.

[0035] Therefore, this application provides a surgical instrument with a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel provided inside the surgical instrument for transporting fluid, thereby reducing instrument switching during the operation, improving surgical efficiency, shortening the operation time, and reducing the workload of doctors.

[0036] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, this application embodiment provides a surgical instrument 100, including a handle assembly 10, a forceps head assembly 20, and a forceps tube assembly 30. The handle assembly 10 includes a handle 11 for gripping and a trigger 12 movable relative to the handle 11. The handle 11 is provided with a first fluid channel 50. The forceps head assembly 20 includes a first forceps head 21 and a second forceps head 22, which are pivotable relative to each other to open or close the forceps head assembly 20. At least one of the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 is configured to process biological tissue. Exemplarily, the surgical instrument 100 proposed in this application embodiment can be a bipolar electrocoagulation device, a single-stage electrocoagulation device with dual forceps heads, an ultrasonic scalpel, a stapler, or other surgical instruments. The processing of biological tissue can be a process that applies energy to the biological tissue, such as cutting by ultrasonic vibration or coagulation by bipolar or single-stage electrocoagulation, or a process that does not apply energy to the biological tissue, such as suturing by a stapler.

[0037] The forceps tube assembly 30 includes a pull rod 32 and a forceps tube 31 sleeved outside the pull rod 32, used to connect the forceps head assembly 20 and the handle 11. The pull rod 32 has a kinematic engagement with the trigger 12. When the trigger 12 moves relative to the handle 11, the forceps head assembly 20 moves under the action of the pull rod 32, which has a kinematic engagement with the trigger 12, causing the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 to pivot relative to each other, thereby opening or closing the forceps head assembly 30. When operating the surgical instrument 100, the operator can hold the handle 11 and insert the forceps head assembly 20 into the lesion site inside the human body through the slender forceps tube assembly 30. Then, by operating the trigger 12 relative to the handle 11, the forceps head assembly 20 is driven to clamp biological tissue in a preset area, so that the forceps head assembly 20 can process biological tissue in the preset area without affecting other tissue areas.

[0038] A second fluid channel 33 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod 32 and the inner peripheral wall of the clamp tube 31. The clamp tube 31 is provided with an opening 311 near the clamp head assembly 20, which communicates with the second fluid channel 33. The first fluid channel 50 is connected to the second fluid channel 33 and is used to connect to the fluid delivery device to realize the fluid passage between the opening 311 and the fluid delivery device.

[0039] Among them, such as Figures 8-15 As shown, the surgical instrument 100 also includes a switch structure 60, which is configured to switch between a first state and a second state and act on the fluid passage between the opening 311 and the fluid delivery device. When the switch structure 60 is in the first state, the fluid passage is in a conducting state, and when the switch structure 60 is in the second state, the fluid passage is in a closed state.

[0040] The surgical instrument 100 proposed in this application provides an opening 311 near the forceps assembly 20 in the forceps tube 31. A fluid passage between the opening 311 and the fluid delivery device is achieved through the provision of a first fluid channel 50 and a second fluid channel 33 within the instrument. This allows for the discharge of fluids, such as venting smoke generated during surgery. This application enables tissue processing and fluid delivery functions with a single surgical instrument 100, reducing instrument switching during surgery, eliminating the need to introduce new instruments, and thus avoiding interruptions to the surgical procedure. This improves surgical efficiency, shortens surgical time, and reduces the workload of the surgeon.

[0041] In this embodiment, the switch structure 60 allows for adjustment of the fluid passage's opening and closing, enabling doctors to quickly control the fluid delivery process. This allows doctors to control the fluid passage's opening when smoke extraction or other fluid delivery is needed, and to close the fluid passage when smoke extraction or other fluid delivery is not required, thereby reducing energy consumption and conserving resources.

[0042] For example, when performing procedures such as electrocoagulation or cutting, i.e., when the surgical instrument 100 is in an activated state and generating smoke, the doctor can open the switch structure 60 to open the fluid passage, thereby expelling the smoke generated when the surgical instrument 100 is activated. When no smoke is generated after the operation, the switch structure 60 can be closed to shut off the fluid passage.

[0043] Optionally, the switch structure 60 may also have a transition state between the first state and the second state, that is, when switching between the first state and the second state, it can gradually switch through the transition state. Of course, the switch structure 60 may also not have a transition state between the first state and the second state, that is, it can switch directly from the first state to the second state or directly from the second state to the first state.

[0044] Optionally, since the first fluid channel 50 is used to connect to a fluid conveying device, a switch structure 60 can be provided to act on the first fluid channel 50 to facilitate controlling the opening or closing of the fluid passage by controlling the on / off state of the first fluid channel 50. Of course, in other embodiments, the switch structure 60 can also act on other locations in the fluid passage.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figures 8-12 As shown, a switch structure 60 is disposed on the handle 11. The switch structure 60 includes a valve body 61 and a switch element 62. The valve body 61 is disposed in the first fluid channel 50 and built into the handle 11. When the switch structure 60 is in the second state, the valve body 61 is closed, thereby switching the first fluid channel 50 between an open state and a closed state. One end of the switch element 62 is connected to the valve body 61, and the other end of the switch element 62 extends out of the housing of the handle 11. The end of the switch element 62 extending out of the housing of the handle 11 is used to receive force to drive the switch element 62 to move relative to the handle 11 between a first position and a second position. When the switch element 62 moves to the first position, it drives the switch structure 60 to switch to the first state; when the switch element 62 moves to the second position, it drives the switch structure 60 to switch to the second state. In this embodiment, by receiving the applied force through the switch element 62 to drive the valve body 61 to open or close, the switch structure 60 switches between the first state and the second state, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figures 8-9As shown, the handle 11 has a main body 111 and a gripping part 112, and the clamp tube assembly 30 is connected to the main body 111. The trigger 12 includes a connecting part 121 and an operating part 122. The connecting part 121 is rotatably disposed within the main body 111 and interferes with the pull rod 32 within the main body 111, so that when the connecting part 121 rotates, it can drive the pull rod 32 to move along the axial direction of the clamp tube assembly 30. The operating part 122 is located outside the handle 11 and is disposed opposite to the gripping part 112. The operating part 122 can be driven by the connecting part 121 to move closer to or away from the gripping part 112. In this embodiment, one end of the switch 62 extending from the housing of the handle 11 is located on the movement path of the operating part 122. When the operating part 122 moves toward the gripping part 112, it acts on the switch 62 to switch the switch structure 60 to a first state, making the first fluid channel 50 open. When the operating part 122 moves away from the gripping part 112, it acts on the switch 62 to switch the switch structure 60 to a second state, making the first fluid channel 50 closed. In this embodiment, the switch structure 60 is configured to trigger and adjust the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50 when the trigger 12 moves relative to the handle 11. By linking the opening and closing of the switch structure 60 with the movement of the trigger 12, the doctor can control the switch structure 60 while operating the trigger 12 to drive the forceps assembly 20 to act on the biological tissue, thereby reducing the doctor's operating steps and improving surgical efficiency. The valve body 61 can open or close to adjust the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50. One end of the switch 62 is connected to the valve body 61, and the other end of the switch 62 extends out of the handle 11 and is located in the movement path of the trigger 12. When the trigger 12 moves relative to the handle 11 under the drive of external force, it contacts the switch 62 to trigger the switch 62 to control the opening or closing of the valve body 61, so that the doctor can control the opening and closing of fluid delivery more quickly, thereby reducing the doctor's operation steps and improving surgical efficiency.

[0047] The connecting part 121 is the portion of the trigger 12 that interferes with the lever 32, while the operating part 122 extends beyond the handle 11 for the doctor's operation. In specific embodiments, the connecting part 121 and the operating part 122 are used only to distinguish the functions of the overall form. In reality, the connecting part 121 and the operating part 122 can be an integrally formed structure or two separate interconnected components. The functional division of the connecting part 121 and the operating part 122 in this specification is not necessarily interpreted as the connecting part 121 and the operating part 122 being two separate components.

[0048] For example, the connecting part 121 and the operating part 122 can be integrally formed, which makes the structure of the trigger 12 more stable and reliable, and facilitates processing and reduces the cost of use.

[0049] Optionally, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the switch member 62 extends from the grip portion 112 on the side facing the operating portion 122. When the operating portion 122 is close to the grip portion 112, it can squeeze the switch member 62 to move the switch member 62 to the first position in the direction of retracting the handle 11. When the operating portion 122 is away from the grip portion 112, it can separate from the switch member 62. At this time, the switch member 62 can move to the second position to trigger the switch member 62 to control the opening or closing of the valve body 61, so that the switch structure 60 switches between the first state and the second state.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the operating part 122 presses the switch member 62 toward the gripping part 112, the valve body 61 is opened by the switch member 62. When the operating part 122 gripping part 112 separates from the switch member 62, the switch member 62 can be reset to close the valve body 61.

[0051] For example, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the lever 32 moves along the front-back direction of the handle 11. The trigger 12 is located in front of the grip 112, which is used by the doctor to hold. The doctor's hand grasps the grip 112, and the fingers rest on the operating part 122 of the trigger 12 to control the operating part 122 to perform the opening and retraction operations. The retraction operation means controlling the operating part 122 to move closer to the grip 112, thereby driving the connecting part 121 to rotate backward, which in turn drives the lever 32 to move backward, so that the forceps assembly 20 closes. When the tissue is clamped, the operating part 122 can press against the switch 62 to open the valve body 61, thus opening the first fluid channel 50. When the doctor controls the operating part 122 to perform a spreading operation, that is, when the operating part 122 is moved away from the gripping part 112, it can drive the connecting part 121 to rotate forward, thereby driving the pull rod 32 to move forward, so that the forceps assembly 20 is opened. At the same time, the operating part 122 can move away from the switch 62 to close the valve body 61, thereby cutting off the first fluid channel 50.

[0052] Optionally, a spring element may also be provided within the handle 11 for resetting the pliers assembly 20 to the open state.

[0053] In one implementation, the elastic element can be located at the end of the pull rod 32 away from the forceps assembly 20. In this case, the elastic element can be a compression spring extending axially along the pull rod 32. When the pull rod 32 moves backward and drives the forceps assembly 20 to close, the spring is compressed. When the doctor releases the operating part 122 of the trigger 12, the elastic force of the compression spring can act on the pull rod 32, causing the pull rod 32 to move forward to drive the forceps assembly 20 to reset to the open state.

[0054] As another implementation method, such as Figures 8-10 As shown, the elastic element can also be set at the hinge point between the connecting part 121 and the main body 111. For example, the connecting part 121 is hinged to the main body 111 through the rotating shaft 123. In this case, the elastic element can be a torsion spring set on the rotating shaft 123, or the elastic element can be set on the movement path of the connecting part 121. When the doctor releases the operating part 122 of the trigger 12, the elastic force of the torsion spring can act on the connecting part 121, causing the connecting part 121 to drive the pull rod 32 to move forward until the forceps assembly 20 is reset to the open state.

[0055] Optionally, the side of the gripping portion 112 facing the operating portion 122 can be used to limit the extreme position of the operating portion 122's rotation toward the handle 11, thereby allowing the clamping head assembly 20 to clamp tissue with appropriate clamping force and avoid unnecessary damage to the tissue due to excessive clamping force. Of course, other stop structures can also be provided in the gripping portion 112 to limit the extreme position of the operating portion 122 or the connecting portion 121's rotation toward the handle 11.

[0056] Of course, in other embodiments, when the operating part 122 presses the switch member 62 toward the gripping part 112, the valve body 61 is closed by the switch member 62, and when the operating part 122 gripping part 112 separates from the switch member 62, the switch member 62 can open the valve body 61.

[0057] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the operation unit 122 may be configured to open the valve body 61 by first pressing the switch member 62, and close the valve body 61 by pressing the switch member 62 again.

[0058] As one implementation method, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, valve body 61 is the part that acts on the first fluid channel 50. It can be a switch valve with valve 63. By driving valve 63 to block or open the first fluid channel 50 at a preset position, the first fluid channel 50 can be opened or closed. At this time, the switch element 62 is the part that receives the force. The switch element 62 can be acted on by the externally applied force, so that the switch structure 60 switches between the first state and the second state, so as to drive valve 63 to block or open the first fluid channel 50 at the preset position.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the first fluid channel 50 is divided into a first section 51 and a second section 52 by the valve body 61. The first section 51 is connected to the second fluid channel 33 through the transition structure 40, and the second section 52 extends out of the handle 11 and is connected to the fluid delivery device. The valve body 61 may have two ports, which are respectively connected to the first section 51 and the second section 52. One end of the switch 62 is connected to the valve 63 inside the valve body 61 and can drive the valve 63 to move inside the valve body 61. The other end of the switch 62 extends out of the handle 11 and is located on the movement path of the trigger 12. In the initial state, the valve body 61 is closed. When the trigger 12 is turned on, the valve body 61 is closed. When the operating part 122 of the trigger 12 moves to the gripping part 112 near the handle 11, it squeezes one end of the switch member 62, thereby pushing the end of the switch member 62 located in the valve body 61 to move to the first position, thereby driving the valve 63 to move to the point where the valve body 61 is open, thus opening the first fluid passage 50. A reset member 611, such as a spring, may be provided in the valve body 61. When the operating part 122 of the trigger 12 moves to the point of separation from the switch member 62, the reset member 611 can provide elastic force to push the switch member 62 to the second position, so that the switch member 62 drives the valve 63 to reset to the point of closing the valve body 61, thereby cutting off the first fluid passage 50.

[0060] In another embodiment, the valve body 61 is the part that acts on the first fluid channel 50. It can be a clamping structure. The first fluid channel 50 is opened or closed by clamping or releasing it. At this time, the switch 62 is the part that receives the force. The switch 62 can be driven to open or close by the externally applied force to achieve clamping or releasing the first fluid channel 50.

[0061] In this specification, valve body 61 is the part of the entire switching structure 60 that acts on the fluid passage, and switching element 62 is the force-bearing unit. In specific embodiments, valve body 61 and switching element 62 are only used to distinguish the function of the overall form. In reality, valve body 61 and switching element 62 can be an integrally formed structure or two separate interconnected parts. The functional division of valve body 61 and switching element 62 in this specification regarding the switching structure 60 should not be interpreted as valve body 61 and switching element 62 being two separate components. The description of valve body 61 and switching element 62 in this specification is only used to explain the switching structure 20, the fluid passage, and the force-bearing conditions.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 10As shown, the operating part 122 of the trigger 12 can be in a closed loop state and has an inner hole 1221 for the finger to be inserted. The inner wall of the front side 11c and the inner wall of the rear side 11d of the inner hole 1221 can be provided with an arc structure that fits the finger so that the doctor's finger can rest against it, thereby facilitating the operation of opening or retracting the operating part 122.

[0063] It should be noted that the switch structure 60 mounted on the handle 11 may also not have a moving relationship with the trigger 12. For example, in some other embodiments, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the handle 11 has a main body 111 and a gripping part 112, with the forceps tube assembly 30 connected to the main body 111. The trigger 12 includes a connecting part 121 and an operating part 122. The connecting part 121 and the operating part 122 can be integrally formed or separately connected. The connecting part 121 is rotatably disposed within the main body 111 and interferes with the pull rod 32 within the main body 111, so that when the connecting part 121 rotates, it can drive the pull rod 32 to move along the axial direction of the forceps tube assembly 30. The operating part 122 is located outside the handle 11 and is disposed opposite to the gripping part 112. The operating part 122 can be driven by the connecting part 121 to move closer to or away from the gripping part 112. The switch 62 extends out of the outer shell of the handle 11 at one end outside the movement path of the operating part 122. In this embodiment, the switch 62 can also extend from any position outside the movement path of the operating part 122 from the outer shell of the handle 11, as long as it does not affect the use of the instrument or the doctor's operation.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, one end of the switch 62 is connected to the valve body 61, and the other end of the switch 62 extends out from the side of the handle 11 opposite to the trigger 12. The switch 62 controls the opening or closing of the valve body 61 under the action of an applied external force. In this embodiment, the switch 62 can also be located on the side of the handle 11 opposite to the trigger 12, so as not to interfere with the operation of the trigger 12.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the handle 11 has a front side 11c facing the forceps assembly 20 and a rear side 11d facing away from the forceps assembly 20 along the extension direction of the lever 32. The trigger 12 is located on the front side 11c of the handle 11, and the switch 62 extends from the rear side 11d of the handle 11. In this embodiment, the trigger 12 is located on the front side 11c of the handle 11 to facilitate the doctor's operation of opening and retracting the trigger 12. The switch 62 is located on the rear side 11d of the handle 11 so as not to interfere with the operation of the trigger 12 and not to affect the doctor's operation of the surgical instrument 100. When it is necessary to open the valve body 61, the switch 62 is pressed to deliver the fluid that needs to be discharged.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10As shown, the handle 11 has a main body 111 located on the upper side 11a and a gripping part 112 located on the lower side 11b in the height direction. The forceps tube assembly 30 is connected to the main body 111, and the trigger 12 is located on the front side 11c of the gripping part 112. The main body 111 has a head 1111 located on the front side 11c and a tail 1112 located on the rear side 11d, with the switch 62 extending from the tail 1112. In this embodiment, the above arrangement not only avoids affecting the doctor's gripping of the gripping part 112 and operation of the trigger 12, but also facilitates the doctor pressing the switch 62 from the tail 1112.

[0067] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, in order to reduce the volume of the handle 11, the end of the pull rod 32 is close to the inner wall of the tail 1112. At this time, there is a preset space between the end of the pull rod 32 and the inner wall of the tail 1112 so that the pull rod 32 can move backward to drive the clamp head assembly 20 to close. The switch structure 60 is offset from the pull rod 32 to avoid interfering with the movement of the pull rod 32.

[0068] It should be noted that the switch structure 60 is not limited to being mounted on the handle 11. For example, in other embodiments, such as... Figure 13 As shown, one end of the first fluid channel 50 is connected to the second fluid channel 33, and the other end of the first fluid channel 50 extends out of the housing of the handle 11. A switch structure 60 is disposed on the first fluid channel 50 extending out of the housing of the handle 11. In this embodiment, the switch structure 60 can be independently disposed on the portion of the first fluid channel 50 extending out of the handle 11, i.e., externally mounted on the handle 11, to adjust the on / off state of the first fluid channel 50. This ensures that the switch structure 60 does not contact the handle 11, is located away from the doctor's operating position, and can better avoid interfering with the doctor's operation of the surgical instrument 100.

[0069] Optionally, such as Figures 13-15 As shown, the switch structure 60 includes a valve body 61 and a switch element 62. The valve body 61 is disposed on the first fluid channel 50 extending out of the handle 11 housing, and the valve body 61 can open or close to regulate the flow of the first fluid channel 50. The switch element 62 is connected to the valve body 61 and is used to receive force to switch the switch structure 60 between a first state and a second state. In this embodiment, the switch element 62 is configured to control the opening or closing of the valve body 61 under the action of external force. Placing the switch structure 60 outside the handle 11 facilitates the disassembly, assembly, and maintenance of the switch structure 60, and keeps it away from the handle 11, thereby better avoiding interference with the doctor's operation of the surgical instrument 100.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 16As shown, the valve body 61 has a connecting channel 612 communicating with the first fluid channel 50 and a valve 63 movably disposed in the connecting channel 612. A switching element 62 is connected to the valve 63 and is used to receive force to move the valve 63 to open or close the connecting channel 612, thereby switching the first fluid channel 50 between an on state and a closed state. In this embodiment, the valve body 61 also has a first outlet 613 and a second outlet 614 communicating with the connecting channel 612. The first outlet 613 communicates with the first fluid channel 50, and the second outlet 614 communicates with the fluid conveying device. The valve 63 is movably disposed in the connecting channel 612. The switching element 62 is connected to the valve body 61 through the valve 63. Under the action of external force, the switching element 62 can move the valve 63 to adjust the valve 63 to open or close the connecting channel 612, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the valve body 61. With the above configuration, the opening or closing of the connecting channel 612 can be conveniently controlled to adjust the on / off state of the first fluid channel 50.

[0071] Optionally, such as Figure 16 As shown, valve 63 may have a through hole 631. Valve 63 is rotatably disposed within connecting channel 612. Switching element 52 is used to receive force to drive valve 63 to rotate. That is, switching element 62 can drive valve 63 to rotate under the action of external force, thereby adjusting the angle between the through hole 631 and the through channel 612, and thus adjusting the size of the area of ​​connecting channel 612 that allows fluid to pass through. In this embodiment, by adopting the above arrangement, the through hole 631 and connecting channel 612 can be adjusted to be opposite or misaligned. By adjusting the misalignment angle between the two, the fluid flow rate that can pass through connecting channel 612 can be adjusted. Exemplarily, valve body 61 may adopt a spherical or hemispherical structure for the through hole 631 to facilitate rotation.

[0072] Optionally, when the through-hole 631 is parallel to the through-channel 612, the switch 62 rotates to the first position, and the connecting channel 612 is fully opened. When the through-hole 631 is perpendicular to the through-channel 612, the switch 62 rotates to the second position, and the connecting channel 612 is closed. As the switch 62 rotates from the first position to the second position, the area of ​​the connecting channel 612 that allows fluid to pass through gradually decreases. In this embodiment, when the through-hole 631 is parallel to the through-channel 612, the through-hole 631 and the connecting channel 612 are opposite each other, and the connecting channel 612 is fully open, allowing the fluid flow rate through the connecting channel 612 to reach its maximum. When the through-hole 631 is perpendicular to the through-channel 612, the through-hole 631 and the connecting channel 612 are completely offset, preventing fluid from passing through the connecting channel 612, i.e., the connecting channel 612 is closed. With the above settings, the connection channel 612 can be adjusted between fully open, partially open, and closed states to meet the needs of doctors.

[0073] Optionally, the switch structure 60 located on the first fluid channel 50 outside the handle 11 is not limited to using, for example... Figures 14-16 The implementation shown can also be carried out as follows: Figure 11 and Figure 12 The embodiment shown, or other embodiments that can control the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50.

[0074] Optionally, the switch structure 60 provided on the handle 11 is not limited to using, for example... Figure 11 and Figure 12 The implementation shown can also be carried out as follows: Figures 14-16 The embodiment shown, or other embodiments that can control the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50.

[0075] It should be noted that, in addition to being able to adjust the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50 by means of external force, i.e., by physical contact, the switch structure 60 can also be controlled by a computer program, i.e., by existing software.

[0076] For example, in some embodiments, the surgical instrument 100 further includes a control module for outputting electrical signals to the switch structure 60 to drive the switch structure 60 to switch between a first state and a second state. In this embodiment, the switch structure 60 can be configured as an electromagnet switch, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the switch structure 60 by the control module outputting electrical signals to the electromagnet switch, thus controlling the on / off state of the first fluid channel 50. The control module can be controlled according to existing computer programs, eliminating the need for manual operation and improving the surgeon's efficiency.

[0077] In one implementation, the control module includes a monitoring unit and a control unit. The monitoring unit outputs a signal when it detects that the surgical instrument 100 is in an activated state. When the surgical instrument 100 is in an activated state, it controls the forceps assembly 20 to apply energy to the biological tissue. The control unit receives the output signal from the monitoring unit and outputs an electrical signal to the switching structure 60 to drive the switching structure 60 to switch between a first state and a second state, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first fluid channel 50. In this embodiment, the control unit controls the opening and closing of the switching structure 60, and the monitoring unit monitors whether the surgical instrument 100 is in an activated state. When the surgical instrument 100 is in an activated state, smoke is generated. The monitoring unit sends a signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the switching structure 60 to open, thereby opening the first fluid channel 50 and expelling the smoke.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surgical instrument 100 also includes a function button 70, which can be located on the front side 11c of the handle 11 so that the doctor can use his index finger to trigger the function button 70 when holding the handle 11 to control the forceps assembly 20 to apply energy to the tissue located in the tissue grasping area, so that the surgical instrument 100 is in an activated state.

[0079] Optionally, the fluid delivery device can be at least one of a negative pressure source and a positive pressure source. For example, the negative pressure source can be a fan or other negative pressure device capable of generating negative pressure airflow to discharge fluid. The positive pressure source can be an input pump or other power device capable of generating driving force to deliver fluid.

[0080] In some applications, the fluid delivery device includes a first negative pressure source, and a first fluid channel 50 is connected to the first negative pressure source to discharge the fumes generated when the forceps assembly 20 applies energy to biological tissue through the opening 311. In this case, the fluid passage between the opening 311 and the fluid delivery device can be used to discharge gas, thus preventing fumes generated during surgery from obstructing the surgeon's view.

[0081] In other application scenarios, the fluid delivery device may include a positive pressure source, and the first fluid channel may also be connected to the positive pressure source to drive the cleaning fluid to be output through the opening 311 to the forceps assembly 20 for cleaning biological tissue. Optionally, the fluid delivery device may include a second negative pressure source, and the first fluid channel 50 is used to connect to the second negative pressure source to discharge waste fluid from the forceps assembly 20 through the opening 311. In this case, the fluid passage between the opening 311 and the fluid delivery device can be used for liquid input and / or output.

[0082] For example, the surgical instrument 100 may be a bipolar electrocoagulation forceps, with the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 being clamps. The first forceps head 21 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply that supplies energy to the surgical instrument 100, and the second forceps head 22 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply that supplies energy to the surgical instrument 100. The first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 are respectively positive and negative terminals, applying electrical energy to biological tissue for electrocoagulation treatment.

[0083] Of course, surgical instruments can also be monopolar electrocoagulation forceps, with the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 both being clamps, and one of the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 being connected to a primary power source that supplies energy to the surgical instruments.

[0084] Of course, surgical instruments can also be ultrasonic scalpels. In this case, one of the first clamp head 21 and the second clamp head 22 is a clamp, and the other is an ultrasonic scalpel head. The ultrasonic scalpel head applies ultrasonic vibrations to biological tissue to perform operations such as cutting or coagulation.

[0085] Of course, surgical instruments can also be staplers. In this case, the first clamp 21 is the mounting base of the stapler with suture staples, and the second clamp 22 is the cutting blade of the stapler. The stapler can remove biological tissue through the cutting blade and suture the tissue at the same time through the suture staples.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the pull rod 32 is hinged to the second clamp head 22, and the second clamp head 22 is hinged to the first clamp head 21 via an insulating member, allowing the second clamp head 22 to rotate relative to the first clamp head 21. In this embodiment, the clamp tube 31 can be connected to the first clamp head 21 via a connecting seat 34. When the pull rod 32 moves axially, it can drive the second clamp head 22 to rotate relative to the first clamp head 21, thereby opening or closing the clamp head assembly 20. Figure 9 As shown, taking the doctor controlling the closing of the forceps head assembly 20 as an example, when the doctor operates the trigger 12, the trigger 12 drives the pull rod 32 to move in the forceps tube 31 toward the handle 11. The moving pull rod 32 pulls the second forceps head 22 that is hinged to it, so that the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 rotate in opposite directions and close.

[0087] Optionally, the connecting seat 34 can be integrally formed with the clamp tube 31 or be separately connected. For example, of the first clamp head 21 and the second clamp head 22, only one can rotate relative to the other, or both can rotate relative to the other, so as to open or close the clamp head assembly 20.

[0088] In one implementation, the first clamp head 21 is hinged to the connecting seat 34. The first clamp head 21 is configured to rotate synchronously with the second clamp head 22 when the second clamp head 22 rotates, so as to cooperate with the rotation of the second clamp head 22 to open or close the clamp head assembly 20. In this embodiment, the first clamp head 21 can rotate synchronously with the first clamp head 22, thereby achieving the clamping of biological tissue.

[0089] Of course, as another implementation, the first clamp head 21 and the connecting seat 34 can be fixedly connected. In this case, the second clamp head 22 can rotate relative to the first clamp head 21, and the clamp head assembly 20 can be opened or closed to clamp biological tissue.

[0090] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the forceps tube 31 has an insulating layer 312 attached at least at the opening 311 to prevent leakage at the opening 311 during use of the surgical instrument 100, thereby strengthening insulation, avoiding the risk of breakdown, and ensuring electrical safety. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 312 can be a coating applied to the surface of the forceps tube 31, or it can be silicone or other insulating material injection molded onto the surface of the forceps tube 31, thereby preventing leakage at the opening 311.

[0091] In some embodiments, the forceps tube 31 is electrically connected to the first forceps head 21, and the lever 32 is electrically connected to the second forceps head 22, such that at least one of the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 is configured to apply energy from a surgical power source to biological tissue. The forceps tube 31 and the lever 32 are kept relatively insulated to ensure electrical safety. Optionally, the outer surface of the forceps tube 31 has a first insulating structure, and the outer surface of the lever 32 has a second insulating structure, to achieve relative insulation between the forceps tube 31 and the lever 32.

[0092] As one implementation method, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first insulating structure can be a first insulating tube 31a sleeved outside the forceps tube 31, and the first forceps head 21 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply that supplies energy to the surgical instrument 100 through the forceps tube 31. The second insulating structure can be a second insulating tube 32a sleeved outside the pull rod 32, and the second forceps head 22 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply that supplies energy to the surgical instrument 100 through the pull rod 32, so that the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 can apply energy from the surgical power source to the biological tissue. The first and second insulating structures are used to achieve insulation between the forceps tube 31 and the pull rod 32.

[0093] Specifically, since the clamp tube 31 has an opening 311, the corresponding position of the first insulating tube 31a also needs to be perforated. Since surgical instruments such as bipolar electrocoagulation and ultrasonic scalpels have compact structures, they are prone to breakdown. During fluid transport, easily conductive body fluids can be introduced, causing insulation failure and instrument malfunction. Therefore, in order to strengthen insulation, the clamp tube 31 can be equipped with an insulating layer 312 at least at the opening 311 to avoid the risk of breakdown and ensure electrical safety.

[0094] Of course, if the entire outer periphery of the clamp tube 31 is covered with an insulating layer 312, then there is no need to install the first insulating tube 31a. Understandably, the second insulating structure outside the pull rod 32 can also be an insulating coating or silicone or other insulating material injected onto the surface of the pull rod 32.

[0095] In some embodiments, the area where the insulating layer 312 is attached to the clamp tube 31 extends from the outer peripheral wall of the opening 311 through the opening 311 to the inner peripheral wall of the opening 311, so as to prevent leakage at the opening 311, thereby strengthening the insulation and ensuring electrical safety.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the clamp tube 31 includes a front section 313 near the clamp head assembly 20, an opening 311 is provided in the front section 313, and the attachment area of ​​the insulating layer 312 extends from the outer peripheral wall of the front section 313 through the opening 311 to the inner peripheral wall of the front section 313 to enhance insulation.

[0097] Optionally, the clamp tube 31 may have an insulating layer 312 attached only near the opening 311, or the insulating layer 312 may be attached to a section of the clamp tube 31 near the clamp head assembly 20 where the opening 311 is located, that is, the outer peripheral wall of the front section 313 and the inner peripheral wall near the opening 311. During processing, the front section 313 of the clamp tube 31 can be placed in the spraying area, which is convenient for processing.

[0098] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamp tube 31 is provided with a plurality of openings 311, which are arranged in an array on the clamp tube 31. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the plurality of openings 311 in an array can improve the fluid transport efficiency.

[0099] Optionally, the multiple openings 311 can be arranged linearly, rectangularly, or in a diamond pattern along the axial direction of the clamp tube 31, or the multiple openings 311 can be arranged in an array around the clamp tube 31. The arrangement of multiple openings 311 results in a compact structure, which can concentrate the fluid to the second fluid channel 33 and improve the fluid delivery efficiency.

[0100] Of course, in other embodiments, the multiple openings 311 may also be arranged obliquely or in other arrangements.

[0101] In some embodiments, the shapes of the plurality of openings 311 on the clamp tube 31 may be the same or different. The shape of the openings 311 may be circular, square, rhomboid or other irregular shapes.

[0102] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the plurality of openings 311 on the clamp tube 31 may be the same or different.

[0103] In some embodiments, the length of the insulating layer 312 covering the clamp tube 31 along its axial direction can range from 2% to 20% of the axial length of the clamp tube 31. In this embodiment, if the coverage area of ​​the insulating layer 312 is too large, it will increase costs; if the attachment area is too small, it will be difficult to cover a sufficient range. Therefore, the coverage area of ​​the insulating layer 312 is set within the above-mentioned range to ensure sufficient coverage and improve electrical safety performance while controlling the coverage area, thereby saving processing costs.

[0104] For example, the length range of the insulation layer 312 covering the clamp tube 31 can be 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20% of the axial length of the clamp tube 31.

[0105] In some embodiments, the insulating layer 312 may be a coating formed by a thin film deposition process. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 312 may be formed by a thin film deposition process. The thin film deposition process can ionize under vacuum and then combine positive and negative ions to form strong chemical bonds. The ionized material is centrifuged into atomic particles, which are then impacted onto the clamp tube 31 by an electric field, resulting in a very dense accumulation and thus a strong bonding force.

[0106] For example, thin film deposition processes include physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The main methods of physical vapor deposition include vacuum evaporation, sputtering deposition, arc plasma deposition, ion deposition, and molecular beam epitaxy. Chemical vapor deposition technology is a process that uses gaseous substances to generate chemical reactions and transport reactions on a solid to produce solid deposits.

[0107] In other embodiments, the insulating layer 312 may also be a coating formed by a spraying process. In this embodiment, the spraying process includes thermal spraying and cold spraying. Thermal spraying refers to heating and melting the coating material, atomizing it into extremely fine particles with a high-speed gas flow, and spraying it onto the workpiece surface at a very high speed to form a coating. Cold spraying refers to using a supersonic gas-solid two-phase gas flow to propel coating powder onto a substrate at room temperature or a lower temperature to form a dense coating.

[0108] For example, when processing the insulating layer 312, the spraying area or the coating area can be limited to the front section 313 of the clamp tube 31 where the opening 311 is provided. The coating or coating material will enter the interior of the clamp tube 31 from the opening 311, so that the outer peripheral wall of the front section 313 of the clamp tube 31, the inner wall of the opening 311, and the inner peripheral wall of the front section 313 near the opening 311 can all be covered with the insulating layer 312 to enhance the insulation.

[0109] Of course, in other embodiments, the insulating layer 312 can also be formed using other processes, such as coating, impregnation, spraying, brushing, drying, melting, laser curing, UV curing, anodizing, electroplating, thick-film high-speed oxygen flame plasma, and other suitable material application techniques. The processing technique used should be sufficient to form the insulating layer 312 on the surface of the clamp tube 31 to enhance insulation. The coating can be applied in one or multiple coats.

[0110] In some embodiments, the thickness of the insulating layer 312 is 1 μm-200 μm. When the insulating layer 312 is a coating formed by a thin-film deposition process, the thickness of the insulating layer 312 is 1 μm-10 μm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the insulating layer 312 can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, or 10 μm. When the insulating layer 312 is a coating formed by a spraying process, the thickness of the insulating layer 312 is 10 μm-200 μm. For example, the thickness of the insulating layer 312 can be 10μm, 20μm, 30μm, 40μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm or 200μm.

[0111] In some embodiments, the material of the insulating layer 312 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and diamond-like carbon (DLC). In this embodiment, the insulating layer 312 made of PTFE has corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant properties, while the insulating layer 312 made of DLC combines the excellent properties of diamond and graphite, exhibiting high hardness, high resistivity, good optical properties, and excellent tribological properties.

[0112] It should be noted that the surgical instrument 100 of this application is not limited to using a forceps tube 31 and a pull rod 32 for conducting electricity. For example, in some other embodiments, the forceps tube 31 and the pull rod 32 are insulated from each other. The surgical instrument 100 may also include a first wire and a second wire, the first wire being electrically connected to a first forceps head 21 and the second wire being electrically connected to a second forceps head 22, such that at least one of the first forceps head 21 and the second forceps head 22 is configured to apply energy from a surgical power host to biological tissue.

[0113] For example, the first and second wires can be routed within the second fluid channel 33, making efficient use of space and reducing the volume of the surgical instrument 100.

[0114] For example, in other embodiments, the lever 32 includes a first conductive unit and a second conductive unit that are independent of each other. The first conductive unit is electrically connected to the first clamp head 21, and the second conductive unit is electrically connected to the second clamp head 22, such that at least one of the first clamp head 21 and the second clamp head 22 is configured to apply energy from a surgical power host to biological tissue.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figures 5-7 As shown, the surgical instrument 100 also includes a transition structure 40, which is used to seal and connect the first fluid channel 50 and the second fluid channel 33 to establish a fluid passage between the opening 311 and the fluid delivery device. In this embodiment, the transition structure facilitates the connection between the first fluid channel 50 and the second fluid channel 33 to achieve fluid delivery.

[0116] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5-7 As shown, the adapter structure 40 includes an inner cavity 41 and a first interface 42 and a second interface 43 communicating with the inner cavity 41. The first interface 42 is used to seal the connection between the inner cavity 41 and the first fluid channel 50, and the second interface 43 is used to seal the connection between the inner cavity 41 and the second fluid channel 33. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned arrangement can guide fluid entering the second fluid channel 33 into the inner cavity 41 through the second interface 43, and into the first fluid channel 50 through the first interface 42 and discharged through a negative pressure source, or guide fluid input through a positive pressure source into the opening 311, preventing fluid leakage.

[0117] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the handle assembly 10 also includes a rotating wheel 13, which is sleeved on the end of the forceps tube 31 away from the forceps head assembly 20, and the rotating wheel 13 can drive the forceps tube 31 to rotate coaxially. The rotating wheel 13 has an extension 131, and a pull rod 32 extends out of the forceps tube 31 and passes through the extension 131 and the adapter structure 40. A second interface 43 is sealed to the extension 131, so that the second fluid channel 33 communicates with the inner cavity 41. In this embodiment, the rotating wheel 13 allows the doctor to easily adjust the angle of the forceps head assembly 20, while the sealed connection between the extension 131 and the second interface 43 ensures that the rotation of the rotating wheel 13 does not affect the input or output of fluid.

[0118] In some embodiments, the adapter structure 40 is integrally formed with the handle 11. In this embodiment, the adapter structure 40 can be integrally formed with the handle 11, making the adapter structure 40 structurally stable.

[0119] Of course, in other embodiments, the adapter structure 40 can also be processed separately and installed on the handle 11. Specifically, it can be installed inside the handle 11 and connected to the extension 131 of the rotating wheel 13 by means of snap-fit ​​connection and / or threaded connection and / or interference fit connection, or it can be placed directly inside the handle 11 and connected to the extension 131 of the rotating wheel 13, thereby facilitating the disassembly of the adapter structure 40.

[0120] For example, the rotating wheel 13 is rotatably disposed on the handle 11 and located at the end of the forceps tube 31 away from the forceps head assembly 20. When the rotating wheel 13 drives the forceps tube 31 to rotate under the action of external force, the position of the transition structure 40 is fixed and does not rotate with it, so as to facilitate the doctor to adjust the angle of the forceps head assembly 20 without affecting the input or output of fluid.

[0121] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the length of the clamp tube 31 extending into the handle 11 can be less than the length of the extension 131 extending into the handle 11. Therefore, the gap formed between the outer wall of the extension 131 and the inner wall of the extension 131 after the pull rod 32 extends out of the clamp tube 31 is also part of the second fluid channel 33. Alternatively, one end of the clamp tube 31 extending into the handle 11 can be flush with the end of the extension 131.

[0122] In some embodiments, the second interface 43 elastically abuts against the extension 131 so that the second interface 43 remains in a sealed fit with the extension 131 when the wheel 13 rotates. In this embodiment, the above arrangement is adopted to maintain the sealed fit between the second interface 43 and the extension 131 when the wheel 13 rotates, maintain airtightness, and not affect the rotation of the wheel 13. Moreover, the frictional force creates a damping effect, which facilitates the adjustment of the angle of the pliers assembly 20.

[0123] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6and Figure 7 As shown, one of the second interface 43 and the extension 131 is fitted onto the other of the second interface 43 and the extension 131 to achieve a sealed fit between the second interface 43 and the extension 131. In this embodiment, the second interface 43 can be fitted onto the extension 131 (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown), the extension 131 can also be fitted onto the second interface 43 to facilitate a sealed connection between the two, thereby maintaining airtightness.

[0124] In some embodiments, at least one of the second interface 43 and the extension 131 is an elastic structure. In this embodiment, the second interface 43 can be set as an elastic structure, and the extension 131 can also be set as an elastic structure, so that the second interface 43 and the extension 131 can be elastically abutted to achieve an interference fit to form a seal.

[0125] It should be noted that the second interface 43 or the extension 131 may not be configured as an elastic structure, but rather as a rigid structure to improve structural strength and stability. For example, in some other embodiments, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the adapter structure 40 also includes a first sealing ring 44, and the second interface 43 elastically abuts against the extension 131 through the first sealing ring 44. In this embodiment, the second interface 43 is a rigid structure, and the first sealing ring can be made of an elastic material to achieve elastic abutment between the inner peripheral wall of the second interface 43 and the outer peripheral wall of the extension 131 to form a seal.

[0126] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the adapter structure 40 also includes a seal 45. The pull rod 32 passes through the adapter structure 40 and extends out of the seal 45 to be associated with the movement of the trigger 12. The seal 45 and the pull rod 32 are in a sealing fit. In this embodiment, the seal 45 prevents fluid from leaking out from the gap between the adapter structure 40 and the pull rod 32 passing through the adapter structure 40.

[0127] In some embodiments, the seal 45 is an elastic structure, and the adapter structure 40 is sealed to the pull rod 32 through the seal 45, which is configured as an elastic structure, so that the pull rod 32 maintains airtightness with the adapter structure 40 when it moves axially along the clamp tube 31. In this embodiment, the seal 45 may be integrally formed with the adapter structure 40, in which case the adapter structure 40 as a whole may be an elastic structure. Of course, the seal 45 may also be a separate component installed on the adapter structure 40. In this case, the adapter structure 40 is a rigid structure to improve structural strength and stability.

[0128] For example, the rigid structure mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be made of rigid plastic, rigid metal, etc., and the elastic material can be made of silicone, TPE, TPU, PVC, rubber, etc.

[0129] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, when the adapter structure is a rigid structure, the sealing element 45 can be a second sealing ring 45a. The adapter structure 40 also includes a limiting element 46. The second sealing ring 45a is sleeved on the pull rod 32 so that a sealing fit is formed between the pull rod 32 and the adapter structure 40. The limiting element 46 is used to limit the displacement of the second sealing ring 45a in the axial direction of the clamp tube 31 to prevent the second sealing ring 45a from moving with the pull rod 32 when the pull rod 32 moves along the axial direction of the clamp tube 31. In this embodiment, the second sealing ring 45a can be a sealing rubber ring. The second sealing ring 45a is provided to achieve elastic contact between the pull rod 32 and the adapter structure 40 to form a seal. Since the pull rod 32 will move along the axial direction of the clamp tube 31, the limiting element 46 is provided to prevent the second sealing ring 45a from moving with it, thus preventing the position of the second sealing ring 45a from shifting and affecting the airtightness.

[0130] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the adapter structure 40 also includes an abutment portion 47 and a hollow area for accommodating the second sealing ring 45a. The inner cavity 41 is separated from the hollow area by the abutment portion 47. The abutment portion 47 abuts against the side of the second sealing ring 45a facing the inner cavity 41, and the limiting member 46 is inserted into the hollow area and abuts against the side of the second sealing ring 45a facing away from the inner cavity 41. In this embodiment, by providing the limiting member 46 and the abutment portion 47, the second sealing ring 45a can be confined between the limiting member 46 and the abutment portion 47, thereby better preventing the position of the second sealing ring 45a from shifting and affecting the airtightness.

[0131] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the limiting member 46 includes a blocking part 461. The outer diameter of the blocking part 461 is adapted to the hollow area of ​​the transition structure 40. The blocking part 461 is used to insert into the hollow area of ​​the transition structure 40 and abut against the side of the second sealing ring 45a opposite to the inner cavity 41. It also abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the hollow area and the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod 32. In this embodiment, the blocking part 461 not only restricts the second sealing ring 45a and prevents its position from shifting, but also allows for a better seal between the transition structure 40 and the pull rod 32, improving the sealing effect.

[0132] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the limiting member 46 also includes a capping portion 462 connected to the blocking portion 461, the capping portion 462 abutting against the periphery of the end of the adapter structure 40 opposite to the inner cavity. In this embodiment, the capping portion 462 facilitates the doctor's operation, allowing the blocking portion 461 to be inserted into or withdrawn from the hollow area of ​​the adapter structure 40 by operating the capping portion 462, thereby facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the limiting member 46.

[0133] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a first limiting annular groove 132 may be provided in one of the extension 131 and the second interface 43 to accommodate the first sealing ring 44, thereby facilitating the positioning of the first sealing ring 44. When the rotating wheel 13 rotates, the first sealing ring 44 can also maintain elastic contact between the extension 131 and the second interface 43 without positional displacement.

[0134] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the outer peripheral wall of the extension 131 is also provided with a first limiting protrusion 133. When the second interface 43 is sleeved on the extension 131, its end abuts against the first limiting protrusion 133 to play a positioning role.

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a second limiting annular groove 134 may be provided in one of the extension 131 and the handle 11, and a second limiting protrusion 113 may be provided in the other of the extension 131 and the handle 11. The second limiting protrusion 113 is engaged in the second limiting annular groove 134 and can rotate relative to the second limiting annular groove 134, so that the rotating wheel 13 can drive the extension 131 to rotate relative to the adapter body 41 without axial positional displacement.

[0136] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the lever 32 moves axially under the drive of the trigger 12 to open or close the clamp assembly 20. The second interface 43 extends axially along the lever 32, and the extension direction of the first interface 42 is angled to the axial direction of the lever 32. In this embodiment, since the lever 32 needs to move axially to open or close the clamp assembly 20, space needs to be reserved inside the handle 11 in the axial direction of the lever 32 for its axial movement. This arrangement allows the first interface 42 to be tilted, avoiding the axial region of the lever 32, thus preventing interference with its axial movement. Furthermore, it makes reasonable use of the unused space inside the handle 11, resulting in a compact structure and facilitating instrument miniaturization.

[0137] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the first interface 42 has a first end 421 facing the clamp assembly 20 and a second end 422 opposite to the first end 421. The first end 421 is connected to the inner cavity 41. In order to fit the internal space of the handle 11, the second end 422 is tilted away from the lever 32 and connected to the first fluid channel 50 extending to the outside of the handle 11.

[0138] In some use cases, such as Figure 2 , Figures 6-8 As shown, the handle 11 has a main body 111 located on the upper side 11a and a gripping part 112 located on the lower side 11b in the height direction. The clamp tube assembly 30 is connected to the main body 111, and the second end 422 is inclined toward the gripping part 112. In this embodiment, the handle 11 has a front side 11c near the clamp head assembly 20 and a rear side 11d away from the clamp head assembly 20. The second end 422, that is, the end of the first interface 42 away from the clamp head assembly 20, is inclined and extended away from the gripping part 112 and connected to the first fluid channel 50, that is, extended obliquely backward. While not affecting the axial movement of the pull rod 32, it can also facilitate the guidance of fluid toward the gripping part 112. At this time, the first fluid channel 50 can extend out of the gripping part 112 and communicate with the fluid delivery device, which facilitates the guidance of fluid delivery.

[0139] Of course, in other embodiments, the first interface 42 may also extend in other directions, as long as it is staggered from the pull rod 32.

[0140] In some embodiments, the first fluid channel 50 is a flexible hose structure, the fluid delivery device is a negative pressure source, one end of the flexible hose structure is connected to the first interface 42, and the other end of the flexible hose structure extends out of the handle 11 and is connected to the negative pressure source to discharge the smoke generated when the forceps assembly 20 applies energy to biological tissue through the opening 311. In this embodiment, the fluid passage between the opening 311 and the negative pressure source can be used to discharge the smoke generated by the instruments during the operation to avoid the smoke affecting the surgeon's surgical field of vision. The first fluid channel 50 adopts a flexible hose structure so that it can bend and extend inside the handle 11 to fit the internal space of the handle 11, and extend out of the handle 11 at a preset position to facilitate the discharge of the smoke generated by the surgical instruments 100.

[0141] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figures 8-10As shown, one end of the first fluid channel 50 communicates with the second fluid channel 33, and the other end of the first fluid channel 50 extends from the bottom of the handle 11 for gripping. In this embodiment, one end of the first fluid channel 50 communicates with the second fluid channel 33 in the main body 111, and the other end of the first fluid channel 50 extends from the bottom of the gripping part 112. The adapter structure 40 is provided inside the main body 111, allowing the first fluid channel 50 to extend from the bottom of the gripping part 112, which does not affect the doctor's operation and makes the handle 11 aesthetically pleasing and coordinated.

[0142] It should be noted that the extension position of the first fluid channel 50 is not limited to the bottom of the handle 11, but can be any other position on the handle 11, as long as it does not affect the use of the instrument and the doctor's operation.

[0143] This application also proposes a surgical system, including a surgical power unit and the aforementioned surgical instrument 100. The surgical power unit is connected to the surgical instrument 100. In this embodiment, the surgical power unit can provide energy to the surgical instrument 100, provide electrical signals to the surgical instrument 100, and receive signal feedback from the surgical subject and perform related analysis. The structure and function of the surgical instrument 100 in the surgical system proposed in this application are the same as those in the above embodiments, and specific details can be found in the descriptions of the above embodiments; further details will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0144] Without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples.

[0145] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that, include: A handle assembly includes a handle for gripping and a trigger capable of moving relative to the handle, the handle having a first fluid channel; A forceps assembly, including a first forceps head and a second forceps head, the first forceps head and the second forceps head being pivotable relative to each other to open or close the forceps assembly, at least one of the first forceps head and the second forceps head being configured to process biological tissue; A clamp tube assembly includes a pull rod and a clamp tube sleeved outside the pull rod, used to connect the clamp head assembly and the handle. When the trigger moves relative to the handle, the clamp head assembly moves under the action of the pull rod, which has a kinematic relationship with the trigger, so that the first clamp head and the second clamp head pivot relative to each other. A second fluid channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the pull rod and the inner peripheral wall of the clamp tube. An opening communicating with the second fluid channel is provided on the clamp tube near the clamp head assembly. The first fluid channel communicates with the second fluid channel and is used to connect with a fluid delivery device to realize a fluid passage between the opening and the fluid delivery device. The adapter structure includes an inner cavity and a first interface and a second interface communicating with the inner cavity. The first interface is used to seal and connect the inner cavity and the first fluid channel, and the second interface is used to seal and connect the inner cavity and the second fluid channel, so as to realize a fluid passage between the opening and the fluid delivery device. The handle assembly also includes a rotating wheel, which is sleeved on the end of the clamp tube away from the clamp head assembly, and the rotating wheel can drive the clamp tube to rotate coaxially. The rotating wheel has an extension, and the pull rod extends out of the clamp tube and passes through the extension and the adapter structure. The second interface is sealed and connected to the extension so that the second fluid channel communicates with the inner cavity. A switching structure is configured to switch between a first state and a second state and act on the fluid passage. When the switching structure is in the first state, the fluid passage is in a conducting state, and when the switching structure is in the second state, the fluid passage is in a closed state.

2. The surgical instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The switch structure is disposed on the handle, and the switch structure includes: A valve body is disposed in the first fluid channel and built into the handle. When the switch structure is in the first state, the valve body is opened, and when the switch structure is in the second state, the valve body is closed, so that the first fluid channel switches between the open state and the closed state. A switching element, one end of which is connected to the valve body and the other end of which extends out of the handle housing. The end of the switching element extending out of the handle housing is used to receive force to drive the switching element to move between a first position and a second position relative to the handle. When the switching element moves to the first position, it drives the switching structure to switch to the first state. When the switching element moves to the second position, it drives the switching structure to switch to the second state.

3. The surgical instrument as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The handle has a main body and a gripping part, and the clamp tube assembly is connected to the main body; The trigger includes a connecting part and an operating part. The connecting part is rotatably disposed within the main body and interferes with the pull rod within the main body, so that when the connecting part rotates, it can drive the pull rod to move along the axial direction of the clamp tube assembly. The operating part is located outside the handle and is disposed opposite to the gripping part. The operating part can be driven by the connecting part to move closer to or away from the gripping part. Wherein, one end of the switch extending out of the outer shell of the handle is located on the movement path of the operating part. When the operating part moves toward the grip, it acts on the switch to drive the switch structure to switch to the first state, so that the first fluid channel is in the conducting state. When the operating part moves away from the grip, it acts on the switch to drive the switch structure to switch to the second state, so that the first fluid channel is in the closed state.

4. The surgical instrument as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The handle has a main body and a gripping part, and the clamp tube assembly is connected to the main body; The trigger includes a connecting part and an operating part. The connecting part is rotatably disposed within the main body and interferes with the pull rod within the main body, so that when the connecting part rotates, it can drive the pull rod to move along the axial direction of the clamp tube assembly. The operating part is located outside the handle and is disposed opposite to the gripping part. The operating part can be driven by the connecting part to move closer to or away from the gripping part. Wherein, one end of the switch extending out of the housing of the handle is located outside the movement path of the operating part.

5. The surgical instrument as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the first fluid channel is connected to the second fluid channel, and the other end of the first fluid channel extends out of the outer shell of the handle; The switch structure is disposed on the first fluid channel extending out of the handle housing.

6. The surgical instrument as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The switch structure includes: A valve body is disposed on the first fluid channel extending out of the handle housing. When the switch structure is in the first state, the valve body is opened, and when the switch structure is in the second state, the valve body is closed, so that the first fluid channel switches between the open state and the closed state. A switching element is connected to the valve body and is used to receive a force to switch the switching structure between the first state and the second state.

7. The surgical instrument as described in any one of claims 2-4 and 6, characterized in that, The valve body has a connection channel communicating with the first fluid channel and a valve movably disposed in the connection channel; The switching element is connected to the valve and is used to receive force to move the valve to open or close the connection channel, thereby switching the first fluid channel between the open state and the closed state.

8. The surgical instrument as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The valve has a through hole and is rotatably disposed in the connecting channel. The switching element is used to receive force to drive the valve to rotate, so as to adjust the angle between the through hole direction and the connecting channel direction, thereby adjusting the size of the area of ​​the connecting channel that allows fluid to pass through.

9. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The first fluid channel extends from the bottom of the handle for gripping.

10. The surgical instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The surgical instruments also include: A control module is provided, which outputs an electrical signal to the switch structure to drive the switch structure to switch between the first state and the second state.

11. The surgical instrument as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The control module includes: The monitoring unit is configured to output a signal when the surgical instrument is detected to be in an excited state, and when the surgical instrument is in an excited state, control the forceps assembly to apply energy to the biological tissue; The control unit is used to receive the output signal of the monitoring unit and output an electrical signal to the switching structure to drive the switching structure to switch between the first state and the second state.

12. A surgical system, characterized in that, include: Surgical instruments as described in any one of claims 1-11; A surgical power unit is connected to the surgical instruments to provide power to the surgical instruments.

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