Building layered slow-descent self-rescue type escape cylinder

Abstract

The invention provides a building layered slow-descent self-rescue type escape cylinder which comprises a plurality of standard knots connected in sequence, a bottom buffer is arranged below the lowest standard knot, each standard knot comprises a fireproof door, an enclosure cylinder and a damping cylinder, the fireproof door is fixedly installed on an escape platform, a connector is arranged between the enclosure cylinder and the fireproof door, the damping cylinder is arranged on the lower side of the enclosure cylinder, and the bottom buffer is arranged below the bottom buffer. The upper opening of the damping cylinder is connected with the lower opening of the enclosure cylinder, the damping cylinder is connected with the upper opening of the enclosure cylinder in the next standard knot or connected with a bottom buffer, a damping plate is arranged in the damping cylinder, a damping shaft is arranged on the damping plate, and a damping device used for driving the damping plate to slowly open and reset is arranged on the damping shaft. According to the building layered slow-descent self-rescue type escape cylinder, escape personnel are buffered by the multiple standard section damping cylinders and finally fall to the bottom layer buffer at a low speed, the bottom layer buffer provides buffering in the vertical direction, the human body slides in the horizontal direction instead of falling, and the safety of the escape personnel is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting equipment, in particular to a building layered slow-descending self-rescue escape tube. Background Art

[0002] When a fire occurs in a high-rise building, the elevator stops working and the fire may spread to higher floors. People who fail to escape immediately will be trapped in the building and sometimes find it difficult to continue escaping along the staircase safety passage. Firefighters sometimes also find it difficult to rescue in time. In this case, the escapees can only save themselves. The existing escape methods through ropes from balconies or windows require the escapees to slide down from a high altitude. The sliding speed is unstable and only one person can descend at a time. It is easy to be disturbed by the fire on the lower floors, which is very dangerous. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art in which escapees escape from balconies or windows by ropes when saving themselves, the escapees need to hold the ropes with their hands and slide down from a high building, the sliding speed is unstable, only one person can descend at a time, and it is easy to be disturbed by smoke and fire on the lower floors, and the risk factor is high. The present invention provides a building layered slow-descending self-rescue escape cylinder.

[0004] The technical solution to be adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape cylinder, including a plurality of standard sections connected in sequence, a top cover is provided above the top standard section, and a bottom buffer is provided below the bottom standard section, the standard section includes a fire door, a connection port, a surrounding cylinder and a damping cylinder, each floor of the building is correspondingly provided with a standard section, one or more groups of surrounding cylinders and damping cylinders are provided in the standard section according to the building floor height, the fire door is installed and fixed on the escape platform of the building or the outer wall of the refuge room, a connection port is provided between the surrounding cylinder and the fire door, the damping cylinder is provided on the lower side of the surrounding cylinder, and each standard section has a plurality of connecting ports. The protective tube and the damping tube, as well as the top cover of the top layer and the bottom buffer of the bottom layer are all connected and fixed by multiple columns. The upper opening of the damping tube is slightly smaller than the lower opening. The upper opening of the damping tube is connected to the lower opening of the protective tube. The lower opening of the damping tube is connected to the upper opening of the protective tube in the next standard section or to the bottom buffer. A damping plate is provided in the damping tube for separating the space between adjacent standard sections or between the lowest standard section and the bottom buffer. A damping shaft rotatably connected to the damping tube is provided on the damping plate. The damping shaft is provided with a damping device for driving the damping plate to slowly open and reset when people escape.

[0005] A standard section is set up for each floor. Whether one or more sets of protective tubes and damping tubes are set up in the standard section is determined by the floor height. When the floor height is less than 3.6 meters, one set of protective tubes and damping tubes can be set up in the standard section. When the floor height is greater than 3.6 meters, additional protective tubes and damping tubes are added according to the height. The spacing between adjacent damping tubes is not less than 1.8 meters and not more than 3.6 meters. The escapee opens the fire door from the escape platform or refuge room, enters the protective tube through the connecting port, and then falls onto the damping plate in the damping tube. The damping device enables the escapee to fall slowly to the next standard section at a safe and low speed. The connecting port is provided between the protective tube and the fire door to serve as a connection guide.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom-level buffer includes a buffer plate, a lower sleeve is provided at the upper end of the buffer plate, an upper sleeve is provided at the lower end of the damping cylinder on the second floor, the upper sleeve is embedded in the lower sleeve, the lower half of the buffer plate is an arc-shaped plate bent away from the building, the buffer plate is set off the ground, a through buffer is provided under the buffer plate, and a sliding ring is provided on the side wall of the buffer plate which is sleeved on the column.

[0007] The buffer plate can slide up and down in the vertical direction through the buffer and the sliding ring on the column. When the escapee falls to the bottom buffer, the buffer acts as a buffer for the buffer plate. At the same time, the buffer plate is configured to be a slide that turns from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, ensuring that the escapee slides safely to the ground.

[0008] Furthermore, the top cover includes an upper top cover, a lower top cover and a storage box, one end of the top cover is connected to the building wall and erected on the column, the lower top cover is installed above the standard section of the top floor, the upper top cover has a storage box in it, the door of the storage box opens toward the building roof, a life rope and a safety rope are stored in the storage box, one end of the life rope is connected to the life rope fixing ring installed on the upper top cover, and one end of the safety rope is connected to the safety rope fixing ring installed on the upper top cover.

[0009] When the escape cylinder malfunctions and people are trapped, the firefighters go up to the roof, open the storage box on the top cover, take out the life rope and safety rope, and after making sure that the life rope is securely connected to the life rope fixing ring and the safety rope is securely connected to the safety rope fixing ring, the firefighters put on the life rope and safety rope, descend to the damping cylinder on the floor where the escapees are trapped, and rescue the trapped escapees.

[0010] Furthermore, the fire door includes a fire door leaf and a fire door frame, the fire door is fixed to the outer wall of the escape platform or refuge room of the building through the fire door frame, the fire door frame is equipped with handrails, a power switch and a sliding door switch, an automatic door closer is installed between the fire door leaf and the fire door frame, a fire door lock is installed on the fire door leaf, and an electronic sign is installed on the inner wall of the escape platform or refuge room.

[0011] Fire door leaves are used to separate the escape platform from the connection port, or to separate the refuge room from the connection port. The fire door leaves are equipped with automatic door closers, and the fire door leaves are connected to the fire door frame through hinges. Fire door locks are installed on the fire door leaves and can only be opened from the escape platform or the inside of the refuge room. Electronic signboards are installed on the inner wall of the escape platform or the refuge room, close to the fire door frame, and provide various system information through indicator lights and LED screens. For example, when a damping plate on a certain floor fails and the escapee is trapped, the floors above that floor will be prompted not to enter the escape tube system to escape.

[0012] Furthermore, the enclosure tube includes a track, a enclosure plate and a sliding door. A plurality of enclosure plates are spaced apart below the track. The plurality of enclosure plates are inclined from top to bottom toward the axis of the enclosure tube. An escape hatch is provided on one side of the enclosure tube close to the fire door. A sliding door is provided at the escape hatch. A gear track that slides with the track is provided at the upper end of the sliding door. An electric gear for driving the gear track to slide along the track is provided on the track.

[0013] Furthermore, a first C-shaped retaining ring and a second C-shaped retaining ring are provided on the outside of the retaining tube, the first retaining ring corresponds to the middle position of the retaining plate, the second retaining ring corresponds to the bottom position of the retaining plate, and elastic connectors are provided between the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring and each retaining plate.

[0014] The enclosure tube is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The periphery is semi-open with multiple enclosure plates that are slightly inclined toward the axis. The inclined enclosure plates and elastic connectors can provide a certain buffering effect for the falling escapees and slow down the falling speed. The C-shaped first enclosure ring and the second enclosure ring are set away from the escape port. The electric gear cooperates with the rack to control the sliding door to slide along the track to open or close.

[0015] Further, the damping device comprises an 8-shaped concave cam sleeved on the damping shaft, a clutch is provided on one side of the 8-shaped concave cam for controlling whether the 8-shaped concave cam rotates synchronously with the damping shaft, and a plurality of viscous dampers are provided in the damping cylinder for driving the 8-shaped concave cam to be in a horizontal state; The clutch includes a clutch sleeve, a clutch cam and a clutch cam. A bearing is provided between the outer side of the clutch sleeve and the damping cylinder. The clutch cam is provided in the clutch sleeve and fixedly connected to the clutch sleeve. The 8-shaped concave cam is provided on the side of the clutch cam away from the clutch cam and fixedly connected to the clutch cam. The 8-shaped concave cam and the clutch cam are both sleeved on the damping shaft and slidably matched with the damping shaft. The clutch cam is provided in the clutch sleeve and fixedly connected to the damping shaft. An electromagnetic control device for driving the clutch cam to approach or move away from the clutch cam is provided on one side of the clutch. The electromagnetic control device includes an electromagnet, a spring and a magnetic conductive plate. The electromagnet is fixedly provided on the damping cylinder. The magnetic conductive plate is sleeved on the end of the damping shaft. A plurality of balls are provided between the magnetic conductive plate and the damping shaft. The spring is provided between the magnetic conductive plate and the electromagnet.

[0016] Furthermore, a human body sensing detection head and an emergency falling switch are provided at the upper opening of the damping cylinder, a damping plate microswitch cooperating with the horizontal damping plate is provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, an electric telescopic brake rod and an electric telescopic anti-pinch rod for limiting the opening angle of the damping plate are provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, and a transparent observation window for easy disassembly is provided on the outer wall of the damping cylinder.

[0017] Furthermore, the damping device comprises a heart-shaped concave cam sleeved on the damping shaft, and one side of the heart-shaped concave cam is provided with a clutch for controlling whether the heart-shaped concave cam rotates synchronously with the damping shaft; The clutch comprises a clutch cam, a clutch cam and a gear-type clutch sleeve, wherein the gear-type clutch sleeve is arranged on one side of the heart-shaped concave cam and is fixedly connected to the heart-shaped concave cam, an elliptical slider rotatably connected to the gear-type clutch sleeve is arranged on the side of the gear-type clutch sleeve away from the heart-shaped concave cam, the elliptical slider is provided with a motor gear for driving the gear-type clutch sleeve to rotate, an elliptical slide rail slidably matched with the elliptical slider is arranged on the inner wall surface of the damping cylinder, the clutch cam is arranged in the gear-type clutch sleeve and is fixedly connected to the gear-type clutch sleeve, the heart-shaped concave cam and the clutch cam are both sleeved on the damping shaft and slidably matched with the damping shaft, the clutch cam is arranged in the gear-type clutch sleeve and is fixedly connected to the damping shaft, and an electromagnetic control device for driving the clutch cam to approach or move away from the clutch cam is arranged on one side of the clutch; The electromagnetic control device comprises an electromagnet, a spring and a magnetic conductive plate, wherein the electromagnet is fixedly connected to the elliptical slider, the magnetic conductive plate is sleeved on the end of the damping shaft, a plurality of balls are arranged between the magnetic conductive plate and the damping shaft, and the spring is arranged between the magnetic conductive plate and the electromagnet; The damping cylinder is provided with a viscous damper matched with the heart-shaped concave cam at a position below the elliptical slide rail.

[0018] Furthermore, a human body sensing detection head and an emergency drop switch are provided at the upper opening of the damping cylinder, a damping plate microswitch cooperating with the horizontal damping plate is provided at the bottom of the elliptical slide rail, an electric telescopic brake rod for limiting the opening angle of the damping plate is provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, and a transparent observation window for easy disassembly is provided on the outer wall of the damping cylinder.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a building layered slow-descending self-rescue escape cylinder, in which a standard section is set corresponding to each floor, and one or more groups of enclosure tubes and damping tubes are set in the standard section according to the floor height. When the escapee enters the escape platform or the refuge room and opens the fire door, the system power is automatically connected, and the sliding door on the enclosure tube of this layer is automatically opened. After observing the electronic prompt board on the inner side of the fire door and confirming that the system status is normal and safe, the escapee jumps into the enclosure tube through the connection port, and then falls into the damping tube. The viscous damper in the damping tube produces a damping effect on the escapee who falls too fast through the damping plate in a horizontal state, until the speed drops to a safe and harmless speed, the damping plate is flipped under the action of the human body's gravity, causing the human body to fall to the standard section of the next layer, and then the damping plate of this layer automatically returns to a horizontal state, and at the same time, the fire door of this layer and the sliding door on the enclosure tube are also automatically closed, in case there are still people on the upper floors who need to escape. The escapee passes through the buffer of standard sections one by one, and finally falls to the bottom buffer at a lower speed. The bottom buffer not only provides vertical buffering, but also changes the human body from falling to sliding in the horizontal direction, further ensuring the safety of the escapee. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the standard section of Example 1; Figure 3 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the standard section of Example 1; Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the damping cylinder of Example 1; Figure 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the protective tube of Example 1; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire door in Embodiment 1; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom buffer of the first embodiment; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a top cover of Embodiment 1; Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a damping plate in Embodiment 1; Fig.10is an exploded schematic diagram of the damping plate of Example 1; Fig.11 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the standard section of Example 2; Fig.13 is an exploded schematic diagram of the damping plate of the second embodiment; Fig.14 This is a signal diagram of an escape tube; Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the escape tube on the outer wall of the escape platform; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the escape tube on the outer wall of the refuge room.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Standard section 11. Damping cylinder, 110. Damping plate, 111. Viscous damper, 112. Damping cylinder enclosure, 113. Observation window, 114. Upper sleeve, 115. Electric telescopic brake rod, 116. Electric telescopic anti-pinch rod, 117. Damping plate micro switch, 118. Emergency drop switch, 119. Human body induction detection head 1100, composite steel plate, 1101, buffer pad, 1102, damping shaft, 1103, 8-shaped concave cam, 1104, clutch concave wheel, 1105, clutch cam, 1106, clutch sleeve, 1107, ball bearing, 1108, magnetic plate, 1109, spring, 1110, electromagnet, 1111, elliptical slide rail, 1112, elliptical slider, 1113, motor gear, 1114, gear-type clutch sleeve, 1115, heart-shaped concave cam 12. enclosure tube, 120. column, 121. enclosure plate, 122. first enclosure ring, 123. second enclosure ring, 124. elastic connector, 125. sliding door, 126. rack rail, 127. track, 128. electric gear 13. Fire door, 130. Fire door leaf, 131. Fire door frame, 132. Fire door lock, 133. Automatic door closer, 134. Handrail, 135. Electronic sign, 136. Power switch, 137. Sliding door switch 14. Connection port 2. Bottom Buffer 22. Lower sleeve, 23. Buffer plate, 24. Buffer, 25. Sliding ring 3. Top cover 31. Upper cover, 32. Lower cover, 33. Storage box, 34. Life rope, 35. Life rope fixing ring, 36. Safety rope, 37. Safety rope fixing ring 4. Escape Platform 5. Shelter 6. Firewall DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, which only illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only shows the components related to the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1-10 As shown in 14-16, a layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube of a building of the present invention comprises a plurality of standard sections 1 connected in sequence, a top cover 3 is arranged above the topmost standard section 1, a bottom buffer 2 is arranged below the bottommost standard section 1, the standard section 1 comprises a fire door 13, a connection port 14, a surrounding tube 12 and a damping tube 11, each floor of the building corresponds to a standard section 1, one or more groups of surrounding tubes 12 and damping tubes 11 are arranged in the standard section 1 according to the building floor height, the fire door 13 is installed and fixed on the outer wall of the escape platform 4 or the refuge room 5 of the building, the wall of the escape platform 4 or the refuge room 5 close to the escape tube is a fire wall 6, a connection port 14 is arranged between the surrounding tube 12 and the fire door 13, the damping tube 11 is arranged on the lower side of the surrounding tube 12, and each standard The enclosure tube 12 and the damping tube 11 of section 1, as well as the top cover 3 of the top layer and the bottom buffer 2 of the bottom layer are all connected and fixed by multiple columns 120. The upper opening of the damping tube 11 is slightly smaller than the lower opening. The upper opening of the damping tube 11 is connected to the lower opening of the enclosure tube 12. The lower opening of the damping tube 11 is connected to the upper opening of the enclosure tube 12 in the next standard section 1 or to the bottom buffer 2. A damping plate 110 is provided in the damping tube 11 for separating the space between adjacent standard sections 1 or between the lowest standard section 1 and the bottom buffer 2. A damping shaft 1102 rotatably connected to the damping tube 11 is provided on the damping plate 110. A damping device is provided on the damping shaft 1102 for driving the damping plate 110 to slowly open and reset when people escape.

[0025] In the first embodiment, the damping plate 110 includes a damping shaft 1102 and two composite steel plates 1100 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the damping shaft 1102, and a buffer pad 1101 is arranged on the composite steel plate 1100, so that two damping shafts 1102 and four composite steel plates 1100 are arranged in the damping cylinder 11. In addition, damping cylinder enclosures 112 cooperating with the damping plate 110 are arranged on both sides of the damping cylinder 11.

[0026] The bottom buffer 2 includes a buffer plate 23, a lower sleeve 22 is provided at the upper end of the buffer plate 23, an upper sleeve 114 is provided at the lower end of the damping cylinder 11 on the second floor, and the upper sleeve 114 is embedded in the lower sleeve 22. The lower half of the buffer plate 23 is an arc-shaped plate bent away from the building. The buffer plate 23 is set off the ground, and a buffer 24 is provided below the buffer plate 23. A sliding ring 25 is provided on the side wall of the buffer plate 23 and is sleeved on the column 120.

[0027] The top cover 3 includes an upper top cover 31, a lower top cover 32 and a storage box 33. One end of the top cover 3 is connected to the building wall and erected on the column 120. The lower top cover 32 is installed above the standard section 1 on the top floor. The upper top cover 31 has a storage box 33 in it. The door of the storage box 33 opens toward the building roof. A life rope 34 and a safety rope 36 are stored in the storage box 33. One end of the life rope 34 is connected to a life rope fixing ring 35 installed on the upper top cover 31, and one end of the safety rope 36 is connected to a safety rope fixing ring 37 installed on the upper top cover 31.

[0028] The fire door 13 includes a fire door leaf 130 and a fire door frame 131. The fire door 13 is fixed to the outer wall of the escape platform 4 or the refuge room 5 of the building through the fire door frame 131. The fire door frame 131 is equipped with a handrail 134, a power switch 136 and a sliding door switch 137. An automatic door closer 133 is installed between the fire door leaf 130 and the fire door frame 131. A fire door lock 132 is installed on the fire door leaf 130. An electronic sign 135 is installed on the inner wall of the escape platform 4 or the refuge room 5.

[0029] The enclosure tube 12 includes a track 127, a enclosure plate 121 and a sliding door 125. A plurality of enclosure plates 121 are spaced apart below the track 127. The plurality of enclosure plates 121 are inclined from top to bottom toward the axial direction of the enclosure tube 12. An escape hatch is provided on one side of the enclosure tube 12 close to the fire door 13. A sliding door 125 is provided at the escape hatch. A rack rail 126 that slidably cooperates with the track 127 is provided at the upper end of the sliding door 125. An electric gear 128 is provided on the track 127 for driving the rack rail 126 to slide along the track 127.

[0030] A first C-shaped retaining ring 122 and a second C-shaped retaining ring 123 are provided on the outside of the retaining tube 12. The first retaining ring 122 corresponds to the middle position of the retaining plate 121, and the second retaining ring 123 corresponds to the bottom position of the retaining plate 121. Elastic connectors 124 are provided between the first retaining ring 122 and the second retaining ring 123 and each retaining plate 121.

[0031] The damping device comprises an 8-shaped concave cam 1103 sleeved on the damping shaft 1102, a clutch is provided on one side of the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 for controlling whether the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 rotates synchronously with the damping shaft 1102, and a plurality of viscous dampers 111 are provided in the damping cylinder 11 for driving the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 to be in a horizontal state; The clutch comprises a clutch sleeve 1106, a clutch cam 1104 and a clutch cam 1105. A bearing is provided between the outer side of the clutch sleeve 1106 and the damping cylinder 11. The clutch cam 1104 is provided in the clutch sleeve 1106 and fixedly connected to the clutch sleeve 1106. The 8-shaped concave cam 1103 is provided on a side of the clutch cam 1104 away from the clutch cam 1105 and fixedly connected to the clutch cam 1104. The 8-shaped concave cam 1103 and the clutch cam 1104 are both sleeved on the damping shaft 1102 and slidably matched with the damping shaft 1102. The clutch cam 1105 is provided in the clutch sleeve 1106 and fixedly connected to the damping shaft 1102. An electromagnetic control device for driving the clutch cam 1105 to approach or move away from the clutch cam 1104 is provided on one side of the clutch. The electromagnetic control device includes an electromagnet 1110, a spring 1109 and a magnetic conductive plate 1108. The electromagnet 1110 is fixed on the damping cylinder 11. The magnetic conductive plate 1108 is sleeved on the end of the damping shaft 1102. A plurality of balls 1107 are arranged between the magnetic conductive plate 1108 and the damping shaft 1102. The spring 1109 is arranged between the magnetic conductive plate 1108 and the electromagnet 1110.

[0032] A human body sensing detector 119 and an emergency drop switch 118 are provided at the upper opening of the damping cylinder 11, a damping plate microswitch 117 cooperating with the horizontal damping plate 110 is provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder 11, an electric telescopic brake rod 115 for limiting the opening angle of the damping plate 110 and an electric telescopic anti-pinch rod 116 for ensuring the safety of escaping personnel are provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder 11, and a transparent observation window 113 for easy disassembly is provided on the outer wall of the damping cylinder 11.

[0033] For ease of understanding, the magnetic plate 1108, the spring 1109, and the electromagnet 1110 are set as a group (referred to as Group A), which is fixedly connected to the damping cylinder enclosure 112; the 8-shaped concave cam 1103, the clutch cam wheel 1104, and the clutch sleeve 1106 are set as a group (referred to as Group B), which is rotatably connected to the damping cylinder enclosure 112 through bearings; the composite steel plate 1100, the buffer pad 1101, the damping shaft 1102, and the clutch cam 1105 are set as a group (referred to as Group C), which is connected to Group B through the damping shaft 1102, and Groups B and C can rotate or slide, and Group C is connected to the magnetic plate 1108 through the ball 1107 and can rotate. Under normal circumstances, groups B and C are combined together through the clutch concave wheel 1104 and the clutch cam 1105. When the composite steel plate 1100 rotates downward, the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 can be driven to rotate; when the electromagnet 1110 of group A is energized, an electromagnetic force is generated to attract the magnetic plate 1108, and the magnetic plate 1108 drives group C to separate from group B. At this time, when the composite steel plate 1100 rotates, the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 will not rotate; when the electromagnet 1110 of group A is powered off, under the elastic force of the spring 1109, the magnetic plate 1108 pushes group C to re-combine with group B, and makes the clutch concave wheel 1104 and the clutch cam 1105 completely fit together, and the damping plate 110 automatically returns to a horizontal state.

[0034] Working principle and process: When an object is falling, when gravity is greater than air resistance, due to the influence of gravity acceleration, the falling speed will become faster and faster, and its kinetic energy will also become greater and greater, and the impact force it receives when it falls to the ground will also be greater. Therefore, when an escapee falls to the ground, the key falling speed should be controlled within a safe range to avoid injury or death.

[0035] The present invention controls the falling speed of the escapee by means of layered damping and buffering, so that the falling speed of the escapee is controlled within a safe range each time the escapee falls to the next layer, until the escapee slowly falls to the ground. Relevant regulations indicate that protection is required only for operations above 2 meters, that is, it is basically safe to jump from a height of 2 meters without buffering. At this time, the speed when falling to the ground is about 6.3 meters / second. In the case of damping and buffering, this height can be appropriately increased. Referring to the general floor height of civil buildings, the spacing between adjacent damping cylinders 11 of the present invention is not more than 3.6 meters. When the floor height is greater than 3.6 meters, it is increased accordingly according to the height, and the distance between adjacent damping cylinders 11 is not less than 1.8 meters to facilitate entry when people escape. Starting from a speed of 0 m / s, the speed of the escapee falling from 3.6 m to the next floor is about 8.4 m / s. The main function of the damping device in the damping cylinder 11 is to reduce the speed of 8.4 m / s to approximately 0 m / s, and then release it to the next floor. After being buffered by each layer of the damping cylinder 11 and the bottom buffer 2, the falling speed of the escapee when falling to the ground is no more than 6.3 m / s, so as to ensure the safety of the escapee.

[0036] When a life-threatening disaster such as a fire occurs, the escapees should first flee to the temporarily safe escape platform 4 or refuge room 5. When external rescue cannot arrive in time or is insufficient, the escapees can use the layered slow-down self-rescue escape cylinder of this building to save themselves. First, remove the sharp objects you carry with you, open the fire door lock 132 (with child lock function) from the inside of the escape platform 4 or refuge room 5, open the fire door leaf 130, at this time the external power supply may have been cut off, the layered slow-down self-rescue escape cylinder of this building is powered by a battery, the power switch 136 automatically turns on, observe the sign on the inside of the fire door frame 131 (under normal circumstances, the sign displays the green words "You can escape", when there are people escaping on the upper floor, it displays the orange words "Temporarily postpone entry", when there is a fault on the lower floor, it displays the red words "Do not use"), and the status of this floor and other floors is normal When escaping, hold the handrail 134 and enter the fire door 13, press the sliding door switch 137 on the fire door frame 131, the electric gear 128 rotates, driving the rack 126 to open the sliding door 125 along the track 127. After the sliding door 125 is opened, the escapee holds his head with both hands, bends his knees and squats slightly, jumps into the enclosure tube 12 through the connecting port 14 and the sliding door 125, and the fire door leaf 130 is automatically closed under the action of the automatic door closer 133. The power switch 136 is pressed by the fire door leaf 130 to enter the system power delayed automatic closing state (which can be set according to needs, not less than 30 minutes).

[0037] The enclosure tube 12 has a large upper opening and a small lower opening, and is semi-openly enclosed by a plurality of enclosure plates 121 slightly inclined in the vertical direction. The inclined enclosure plates 121 and the elastic connectors 124 can provide a certain buffering effect for the falling escapees and slow down the falling speed.

[0038] After the escapee enters the enclosure tube 12, he falls into the damping tube 11 through the upper opening of the damping tube 11. After the human body sensing detector 119 senses the human body, the electric telescopic anti-pinch rod 116 of the layer extends. The buffer pad 1101 on the damping plate 110 first provides a certain buffer. Then, the damping plate 110 starts to rotate about 60 degrees under the impact force of the falling escapee. The impact force is transmitted to the multiple viscous dampers 111 through the composite steel plate 1100, the damping shaft 1102, and the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 in sequence. The viscous damper 111 retracts and has the characteristic that the greater the speed, the greater the damping force. Under the action of the damper 111, the damping force offsets the impact force and makes the escapee's falling speed close to 0. Under the influence of the escapee's own gravity (the escapee's own weight should be no less than a certain value, such as 30 kg, otherwise please do not use the layered slow-down self-rescue escape cylinder of this building, or hold heavy objects to increase the weight to escape, so as to prevent the weight from being too light to compress the viscous damper 111 and causing the escapee to be unable to fall), the viscous damper 111 continues to retract, and the damping plate 110 rotates in the vertical direction, causing the escapee to fall into the standard section 1 of the next layer. After the human body sensing detection head 119 of this layer cannot sense the human body, the electric telescopic anti-pinch rod 116 retracts.

[0039] In the absence of an applied force, the viscous damper 111 automatically rebounds, and the rebound force acts on the 8-shaped concave cam 1103. When the damping plate 110 is not in a horizontal state, the damping plate 110 is driven to continue rotating until it is in a horizontal state. At this time, the 8-shaped concave cam 1103 is subjected to the smallest force from the viscous damper 111, and the other half of the buffer pad 1101 faces upward after the damping plate 110 rotates 180 degrees in total. When the damping plate 110 is not in a horizontal state and rotates, the damping plate micro switch 117 is turned on, and the electronic prompt board 135 on the fire door 13 of each floor will give a red warning message of the corresponding floor until the damping plate 110 returns to a horizontal state. After the damping plate 110 returns to a horizontal state, the damping plate micro switch 117 is turned off, and the electronic prompt board 135 will give a green normal message. When the escapee enters the damping cylinder 11, the human body sensing detector 119 installed in the damping cylinder 11 detects it, and the electronic prompt board 135 on the fire door 13 on each floor will also give a corresponding red warning message. Until the escapee leaves the damping cylinder 11 of this layer and enters the standard section 1 of the next layer, the electronic prompt board 135 will give a green normal message. At the same time, the electric telescopic anti-pinch rod 116 on the damping cylinder 11 of this layer is retracted, and the sliding door 125 on the enclosure cylinder 12 of this layer is automatically closed.

[0040] After passing through the damping and buffering effect of the damping cylinder 11 of the layer of standard sections 1, the escapee falls to the bottom buffer 2. The buffer 24 under the buffer plate 23 of the bottom buffer 2 plays a buffering role. At the same time, the 1 / 4 circular shape of the lower part of the buffer plate 23 can make the escapee turn from the vertical falling direction to the horizontal direction until landing on the ground, further ensuring the safety of the escapee.

[0041] In order to prevent damage and climbing by personnel, guardrails are set around the bottom buffer 2 without affecting rescue.

[0042] The building-layered slow-descending self-rescue escape cylinder is suitable for situations where time is tight and there is no time to wait for external rescue, or the rescue force is not available or sufficient. It can allow multiple floors and multiple people to escape at the same time. It is suitable for fire escape and self-rescue in crowded places such as shopping malls, theaters, and dormitories. It does not require full-time fire rescue personnel to be on standby at all times, does not require dedicated fire roads and large-scale fire climbing sites, is not restricted by building height, and is also suitable for fire renovation of old areas and old houses where surrounding fire climbing vehicles cannot pass.

[0043] Special situation handling: 1. When the damping plate 110 of a certain damping cylinder 11 does not work or only partially works, causing the escapee to fall too fast, by comparing the departure time detected by the human body sensing detection head 119 in the damping cylinder 11 with the arrival time detected by the human body sensing detection head 119 in the damping cylinder 11 below, if the difference is less than 0.857 seconds, it means that the escapee did not start to fall at a speed of approximately 0 when passing through the damping cylinder 11. At this time, the electric telescopic brake rod 115 in the damping cylinder 11 below immediately acts under the instruction of the information processing circuit, automatically extends the electric telescopic brake rod 115, prevents the damping plate 110 from rotating and makes the opening between the two damping plates 110 no more than 25 cm, thereby preventing the escapee from falling. After a delay of several seconds, the electric telescopic brake rod 115 automatically retracts, causing the escapee to continue to fall at a speed of approximately 0.

[0044] 2. When the damping plate 110 of a certain damping cylinder 11 fails and the escapee cannot fall, the following emergency measures are available: 1. When only self-rescue is possible, the escapee reaches out and presses the emergency drop switch 118 corresponding to the upper side of the damping cylinder 11, and turns on the power supply of the electromagnet 1110. The electromagnet 1110 generates magnetic force to attract the magnetic plate 1108, and the magnetic plate 1108 drives the damping shaft 1102 and the composite steel plate 1100 to slide. The clutch concave wheel 1104 is separated from the clutch cam 1105, and the composite steel plate 1100 can rotate freely, so that the escapee can continue to fall. At the same time, the emergency drop switch 118 is in a delayed closing state, and the corresponding damping plate microswitch 117 is in an on state. When the damping plate microswitch 117 is closed due to long-term non-extrusion of the composite steel plate 1100, the corresponding indicator light on the electronic prompt board 135 of each floor is in a red warning state, and a red "Do not use" message is emitted; 2. When there is no fire on the corresponding floor, the firefighters or the owner of the floor can open the fire door 13 of the corresponding floor, press the sliding door switch 137 to open the sliding door 125, and rescue the trapped escapee; 3. The firefighters go up to the roof, open the storage box 33 of the top cover 3, take out the life rope 34 and the safety rope 36, check whether the life rope 34 and the safety rope 36 are intact, and the connection between the life rope 34 and the safety rope 36 and the life rope fixing ring 35 and the safety rope fixing ring 37. If the situation is normal, put on the life rope 34 and the safety rope 36, descend to the damping cylinder 11 of the floor where the escapee is trapped, unscrew the fixing bolts on the observation window 113, open the observation window 113 and rescue the trapped escapee.

[0045] Embodiment 2: like Figure 11-13 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: The damping device comprises a heart-shaped concave cam 1115 sleeved on the damping shaft 1102, and a clutch for controlling whether the heart-shaped concave cam 1115 rotates synchronously with the damping shaft 1102 is provided on one side of the heart-shaped concave cam 1115; The clutch comprises a clutch cam 1104, a clutch cam 1105 and a gear clutch sleeve 1114, wherein the gear clutch sleeve 1114 is arranged on one side of the heart-shaped concave cam 1115 and is fixedly connected to the heart-shaped concave cam 1115, and an elliptical slider 1112 rotatably connected to the gear clutch sleeve 1114 is arranged on the side of the gear clutch sleeve 1114 away from the heart-shaped concave cam 1115, and a motor gear 1113 for driving the gear clutch sleeve 1114 to rotate is arranged on the elliptical slider 1112, and a motor gear 1113 for driving the gear clutch sleeve 1114 to rotate is arranged on the inner wall surface of the damping cylinder 11 The circular slider 1112 is slidably matched with the elliptical slide rail 1111, the clutch cam 1104 is arranged in the gear-type clutch sleeve 1114 and is fixedly connected to the gear-type clutch sleeve 1114, the heart-shaped concave cam 1115 and the clutch cam 1104 are both sleeved on the damping shaft 1102 and slidably matched with the damping shaft 1102, the clutch cam 1105 is arranged in the gear-type clutch sleeve 1114 and is fixedly connected to the damping shaft 1102, and one side of the clutch is provided with an electromagnetic control device for driving the clutch cam 1105 to approach or move away from the clutch cam 1104; The electromagnetic control device includes an electromagnet 1110, a spring 1109 and a magnetic conductive plate 1108. The electromagnet 1110 is fixedly connected to the elliptical slider 1112. The magnetic conductive plate 1108 is sleeved on the end of the damping shaft 1102. A plurality of balls 1107 are arranged between the magnetic conductive plate 1108 and the damping shaft 1102. The spring 1109 is arranged between the magnetic conductive plate 1108 and the electromagnet 1110. The damping cylinder 11 is provided with a viscous damper 111 which cooperates with the heart-shaped concave cam 1115 at a position below the elliptical slide rail 1111 .

[0046] A human body sensing detector 119 and an emergency drop switch 118 are provided at the upper opening of the damping cylinder 11, a damping plate micro switch 117 cooperating with the horizontal damping plate 110 is provided at the bottom of the elliptical slide rail 1111, an electric telescopic brake rod 115 for limiting the opening angle of the damping plate 110 is provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder 11, and a transparent observation window 113 for easy disassembly is provided on the outer wall of the damping cylinder 11.

[0047] The protective tube 12 in the second embodiment eliminates the first protective ring 122, the second protective ring 123 and the elastic connector 124, which is more concise and saves costs.

[0048] In the second embodiment, there is only one composite steel plate 1100 on the damping shaft 1102 of the damping plate 110, and there are only two damping shafts 1102 and two composite steel plates 1100 in one damping cylinder 11. The damping cylinder 11 cancels the damping cylinder enclosure 112, and the volume is reduced. An elliptical slide rail 1111 is added to the side wall of the damping cylinder 11. The damping plate 110 no longer adopts a 360-degree rotating type, but a 90-degree reciprocating rotating type, and an elliptical slider 1112, a motor gear 1113 (or a time-delay damper is used instead) and a gear-type clutch sleeve 1114 are added thereon. An elliptical slider 1112 is provided at both ends of each damping shaft 1102. The elliptical slider 1112 is installed in the elliptical slide rail 1111. The elliptical slider 1112 can only slide in the up and down directions. At the same time, the damping shaft 1102 can rotate and slide in the elliptical slider 1112. A motor gear 1113 is also installed on the elliptical slider 1112 near the observation window 113. The motor gear 1113 is matched with the gear-type clutch sleeve 1114, so that the damping plate 110 can be turned to the horizontal or vertical downward direction. By default, the damping plate 110 is in a horizontal state.

[0049] When the escapee falls from the enclosure tube 12 into the damping tube 11, the damping plate 110 is in a horizontal state and at the highest end, and the motor gear 1113 does not move temporarily. Under the impact force of the escapee's fall, the damping plate 110 remains horizontal and slides downward along the elliptical slide rail 1111, and the damping plate microswitch 117 is turned on. At this time, the viscous damper 111 installed under the damping plate 110 begins to provide damping force. When the damping force offsets the falling impact force and makes the escapee's falling speed close to 0, the motor gear 1113 rotates with a delay of 2 to 3 seconds, driving the gear-type clutch sleeve 1114 to turn the composite steel plate 1100 of the damping plate 110 to a vertical direction, releasing the escapee to the next standard section 1.

[0050] After the human body sensing detection head 119 in the damping cylinder 11 fails to detect human body information, the motor gear 1113 reverses to turn the composite steel plate 1100 from vertical to horizontal. At the same time, the viscous damper 111 rebounds to make the damping plate 110 rise to the highest end, thus preparing for the escape of the people on the upper floors.

[0051] Similar to the first embodiment, when the time difference between the human body sensing detection heads 119 in two adjacent damping cylinders 11 detecting a human body is less than 0.857 seconds, the motor gear 1113 in the next damping cylinder 11 increases the delay by 2 seconds, for a total delay of 4 to 5 seconds, to ensure that the falling speed of the escapee from each damping cylinder 11 is approximately 0.

[0052] Directions and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) in the present invention may only be used to assist in the description of features in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the subject matter claimed is limited only by the attached claims and their equivalents.

[0053] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of standard sections (1) connected in sequence, wherein a top cover (3) is provided above the top standard section (1), and a bottom buffer (2) is provided below the bottom standard section (1). The standard section (1) comprises a fire door (13), a connection port (14), a protective tube (12) and a damping tube (11). Each floor of the building is provided with a corresponding standard section (1). One or more groups of protective tubes (12) and damping tubes (11) are provided in the standard section (1) according to the building floor height. The fire door (13) is installed and fixed on the outer wall of the escape platform (4) or the refuge room (5) of the building. A connection port (14) is provided between the protective tube (12) and the fire door (13). The damping tube (11) is provided on the lower side of the protective tube (12). The protective tube (12) and damping tube (11) of each standard section (1) and the top of the top floor are connected to the fire door (13). The cover (3) and the bottom buffer (2) of the bottom layer are connected and fixed via a plurality of columns (120); the upper opening of the damping cylinder (11) is slightly smaller than the lower opening; the upper opening of the damping cylinder (11) is connected to the lower opening of the surrounding cylinder (12); the lower opening of the damping cylinder (11) is connected to the upper opening of the surrounding cylinder (12) in the next standard section (1) or to the bottom buffer (2); a damping plate (110) is provided in the damping cylinder (11) for separating the space between adjacent standard sections (1) or between the lowest standard section (1) and the bottom buffer (2); a damping shaft (1102) rotatably connected to the damping cylinder (11) is provided on the damping plate (110); and a damping device is provided on the damping shaft (1102) for driving the damping plate (110) to slowly open and reset when a person escapes.

2. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom floor buffer (2) comprises a buffer plate (23), a lower sleeve (22) is provided at the upper end of the buffer plate (23), an upper sleeve (114) is provided at the lower end of the damping cylinder (11) on the second floor, the upper sleeve (114) is embedded in the lower sleeve (22), the lower half of the buffer plate (23) is an arc-shaped plate bent in a direction away from the building, the buffer plate (23) is arranged off the ground, a buffer (24) is provided below the buffer plate (23), and a sliding ring (25) sleeved on a column (120) is provided on a side wall of the buffer plate (23).

3. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover (3) comprises an upper top cover (31), a lower top cover (32) and a storage box (33). One end of the top cover (3) is connected to the building wall and is erected on the column (120). The lower top cover (32) is installed above the standard section (1) on the top floor. The upper top cover (31) contains a storage box (33). The door of the storage box (33) opens toward the building roof. A life rope (34) and a safety rope (36) are stored in the storage box (33). One end of the life rope (34) is connected to a life rope fixing ring (35) installed on the upper top cover (31). One end of the safety rope (36) is connected to a safety rope fixing ring (37) installed on the upper top cover (31).

4. The building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fire door (13) comprises a fire door leaf (130) and a fire door frame (131). The fire door (13) is fixed to the outer wall of an escape platform (4) or a refuge room (5) of a building through the fire door frame (131). The fire door frame (131) is provided with a handrail (134), a power switch (136) and a sliding door switch (137). An automatic door closer (133) is provided between the fire door leaf (130) and the fire door frame (131). A fire door lock (132) is provided on the fire door leaf (130). An electronic sign (135) is provided on the inner wall of the escape platform (4) or the refuge room (5).

5. The building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure tube (12) comprises a track (127), an enclosure plate (121) and a sliding door (125); a plurality of enclosure plates (121) are arranged at intervals below the track (127); the plurality of enclosure plates (121) are inclined from top to bottom in the direction of the axis of the enclosure tube (12); an escape hole is arranged on one side of the enclosure tube (12) close to the fire door (13); a sliding door (125) is arranged at the escape hole; a toothed track (126) slidably matched with the track (127) is arranged at the upper end of the sliding door (125); and an electric gear (128) is arranged on the track (127) for driving the toothed track (126) to slide along the track (127).

6. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A first C-shaped retaining ring (122) and a second C-shaped retaining ring (123) are provided on the outside of the retaining tube (12); the first retaining ring (122) corresponds to the middle position of the retaining plate (121); the second retaining ring (123) corresponds to the bottom position of the retaining plate (121); and elastic connectors (124) are provided between the first retaining ring (122) and the second retaining ring (123) and each retaining plate (121).

7. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The damping device comprises an 8-shaped concave cam (1103) sleeved on the damping shaft (1102); a clutch for controlling whether the 8-shaped concave cam (1103) rotates synchronously with the damping shaft (1102) is provided on one side of the 8-shaped concave cam (1103); and a plurality of viscous dampers (111) for driving the 8-shaped concave cam (1103) to be in a horizontal state are provided in the damping cylinder (11); The clutch comprises a clutch sleeve (1106), a clutch concave wheel (1104) and a clutch cam (1105); a bearing is provided between the outer side of the clutch sleeve (1106) and the damping cylinder (11); the clutch concave wheel (1104) is arranged in the clutch sleeve (1106) and is fixedly connected to the clutch sleeve (1106); the 8-shaped concave cam (1103) is provided on a side of the clutch concave wheel (1104) away from the clutch cam (1105) and is connected to the clutch The clutch is fixedly connected to the clutch concave wheel (1104), the 8-shaped concave cam (1103) and the clutch concave wheel (1104) are both sleeved on the damping shaft (1102) and slidably matched with the damping shaft (1102), the clutch cam (1105) is arranged in a clutch sleeve (1106) and fixedly connected to the damping shaft (1102), and one side of the clutch is provided with an electromagnetic control device for driving the clutch cam (1105) to approach or move away from the clutch concave wheel (1104); The electromagnetic control device comprises an electromagnet (1110), a spring (1109) and a magnetic conductive plate (1108); the electromagnet (1110) is fixedly mounted on the damping cylinder (11); the magnetic conductive plate (1108) is sleeved on the end of the damping shaft (1102); a plurality of balls (1107) are arranged between the magnetic conductive plate (1108) and the damping shaft (1102); and the spring (1109) is arranged between the magnetic conductive plate (1108) and the electromagnet (1110).

8. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A human body sensing detection head (119) and an emergency drop switch (118) are provided at the upper opening of the damping cylinder (11); a damping plate micro switch (117) cooperating with the horizontal damping plate (110) is provided on the inner side wall of the damping cylinder (11); an electric telescopic brake rod (115) and an electric telescopic anti-pinch rod (116) for limiting the opening angle of the damping plate (110) are provided on the inner side wall of the damping cylinder (11); and a transparent observation window (113) for easy disassembly is provided on the outer side wall of the damping cylinder (11).

9. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The damping device comprises a heart-shaped concave cam (1115) sleeved on the damping shaft (1102), and a clutch is provided on one side of the heart-shaped concave cam (1115) for controlling whether the heart-shaped concave cam (1115) rotates synchronously with the damping shaft (1102); The clutch comprises a clutch cam (1104), a clutch cam (1105) and a gear-type clutch sleeve (1114); the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114) is arranged on one side of the heart-shaped concave cam (1115) and is fixedly connected to the heart-shaped concave cam (1115); an elliptical slider (1112) rotatably connected to the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114) is arranged on the side of the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114) away from the heart-shaped concave cam (1115); a motor gear (1113) for driving the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114) to rotate is arranged on the elliptical slider (1112); and a gear (1113) rotatably connected to the elliptical slider is arranged on the inner wall surface of the damping cylinder (11). An elliptical slide rail (1111) slidably matched with a circular slider (1112); the clutch cam (1104) is arranged in the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114) and is fixedly connected to the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114); the heart-shaped concave cam (1115) and the clutch cam (1104) are both sleeved on the damping shaft (1102) and slidably matched with the damping shaft (1102); the clutch cam (1105) is arranged in the gear-type clutch sleeve (1114) and is fixedly connected to the damping shaft (1102); and an electromagnetic control device for driving the clutch cam (1105) to approach or move away from the clutch cam (1104) is provided on one side of the clutch; The electromagnetic control device comprises an electromagnet (1110), a spring (1109) and a magnetic conductive plate (1108); the electromagnet (1110) is fixedly connected to the elliptical slider (1112); the magnetic conductive plate (1108) is sleeved on the end of the damping shaft (1102); a plurality of balls (1107) are provided between the magnetic conductive plate (1108) and the damping shaft (1102); and the spring (1109) is provided between the magnetic conductive plate (1108) and the electromagnet (1110); The damping cylinder (11) is provided with a viscous damper (111) matched with the heart-shaped concave cam (1115) at a position below the elliptical slide rail (1111).

10. A building layered slow-descent self-rescue escape tube as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A human body sensing detection head (119) and an emergency drop switch (118) are provided at the upper opening of the damping cylinder (11); a damping plate micro switch (117) cooperating with the horizontal damping plate (110) is provided at the bottom of the elliptical slide rail (1111); an electric telescopic brake rod (115) for limiting the opening angle of the damping plate (110) is provided on the inner side wall of the damping cylinder (11); and a transparent observation window (113) for easy disassembly is provided on the outer side wall of the damping cylinder (11).

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