An efficient scrap steel crusher

Abstract

The present invention discloses an efficient scrap steel crusher related to the technical field of scrap steel crushing. It includes: a mounting frame, in which a main crushing roller and a secondary crushing roller are rotatably connected; a mounting shell fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and in the mounting shell, there are a sun gear, a planet carrier, planet gears and a ring gear used to form a planetary gear train; a gear box installed in the mounting shell, and an output gear is rotatably connected in the gear box; a mounting cylinder arranged on the planet carrier and rotatably connected to the mounting shell; a detection component arranged on the main crushing roller for detecting the rotational speed difference between the main crushing roller and the mounting cylinder. By detecting the rotational speed difference between the main crushing roller and the mounting cylinder and adjusting the rotational speeds of the main crushing roller and the mounting cylinder based on this, when the load of the main crushing roller is large, its rotational speed is reduced, thereby increasing the torque of the main crushing roller, reducing the probability of material jamming, and further improving the efficiency of scrap steel crushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of scrap steel crushing, and in particular to a high-efficiency scrap steel crusher. Background Art

[0002] Scrap steel is a general term for steel waste (such as trimmings, heads, etc.) generated during the production process of steel mills, as well as steel materials in scrapped equipment and components. In order to improve the utilization rate of steel resources, scrap steel is currently recycled and reused. In the process of scrap steel recycling and reuse, scrap steel is usually crushed for transportation and storage. In the process of crushing scrap steel, a double-roll crusher is required. Before using the double-roll crusher, the speed of the crushing roller is set according to factors such as the hardness and size of the scrap steel to be processed (the higher the speed of the crushing roller, the higher the crushing efficiency, but the crushing roller The smaller the torque is), but due to the irregular size and shape of scrap steel, the volume of scrap steel entering the double-roll crusher per unit time is uncertain. There is a situation where the volume of scrap steel entering per unit time is too large, resulting in insufficient torque of the crushing roller and material jamming. At this time, it is necessary to stop and then restart the double-roll crusher, and reverse the crushing roller to discharge the scrap steel biting between the two crushing rollers, and then take out the scrap steel accumulated in the double-roll crusher. Only in this way can the double-roll crusher be restarted to crush the scrap steel. The above steps are cumbersome and time-consuming, resulting in low scrap steel crushing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a high-efficiency scrap steel crusher to overcome the disadvantages of low scrap steel crushing efficiency due to high probability of material jamming caused by uncertain feeding amount of scrap steel per unit time when the scrap steel is crushed by a double-roll crusher.

[0004] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: a high-efficiency scrap steel crusher, comprising:

[0005] A mounting frame, in which a main crushing roller and an auxiliary crushing roller are rotatably connected, and the main crushing roller and the auxiliary crushing roller are driven by a gear set;

[0006] A mounting shell, fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the mounting shell is equipped with a power motor, a sun gear, a planetary carrier, a planetary gear and a ring gear constituting a planetary gear train are arranged in the mounting shell, the sun gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power motor, and the mounting shell is rotatably connected to a reduction gear meshing with the ring gear;

[0007] A gear box is mounted on the mounting shell, an output gear is rotatably connected in the gear box, and the gear box is used to drive the output gear and the output shaft of the power motor;

[0008] A mounting cylinder, disposed on the planet carrier and rotatably connected to the mounting shell;

[0009] An adjusting assembly, disposed on the mounting cylinder, for controlling the transmission between the reduction wheel and the output gear;

[0010] The detection assembly is arranged on the main crushing roller and is used to detect the speed difference between the main crushing roller and the mounting cylinder, and control the movement of the adjustment assembly accordingly. The mounting cylinder transmits the main crushing roller through the detection assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection component includes:

[0012] A fixed extrusion piece is fixedly connected to one end of the main crushing roller close to the mounting tube, the main crushing roller is slidably and rotatably connected to a dynamic extrusion piece spline-connected to the mounting tube, and the fixed extrusion piece is used to squeeze the dynamic extrusion piece when a rotation speed difference is formed between the main crushing roller and the mounting tube;

[0013] A rotating ring is rotatably connected to the movable extrusion member, a side of the mounting tube close to the fixed extrusion member is rotatably connected to a limiting ring, and a first elastic member is fixedly connected between the rotating ring and the limiting ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed extrusion member and the movable extrusion member are both provided with an extrusion inclined surface, and in the direction of the central axis of the movable extrusion member, the length of the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion member and the movable extrusion member is greater than the distance between the rotating ring and the limiting ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes:

[0016] A mounting column, slidably connected in the mounting tube, the mounting column being fixedly connected with a limit block which is slidably connected with the mounting tube, and the limit block passes through the mounting tube;

[0017] A bracket is slidably and rotatably connected to the mounting tube and contacts the limit block, and a second elastic member is fixedly connected between the bracket and the mounting shell;

[0018] An extrusion block is spline-connected to one side of the mounting tube close to the planet carrier, the extrusion block is spline-connected to the planet carrier, and is used to make the mounting tube drive with the planet carrier through the extrusion block, and a third elastic member is fixedly connected between the mounting column and the extrusion block;

[0019] A sliding column is rotatably connected to the bracket, and the sliding column is limitedly rotatably connected to an extrusion column. Spline blocks are provided on the sliding column and the extrusion column. The sliding column is spline-connected to the reduction wheel through the spline block thereon. A spline groove is provided on the output gear. The extrusion column is spline-connected to the mounting shell through the spline block thereon. The output gear is transmitted to the extrusion column through the spline groove and the spline block on the extrusion column.

[0020] Furthermore, the central angle corresponding to the projection of the spline groove on the output gear end face with the center of the output gear end face as the center is greater than the central angle corresponding to the projection of the spline block on the extrusion column on the output gear end face with the center of the output gear end face as the center.

[0021] Furthermore, a fourth elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding column and the extrusion column.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0023] The elastic blocks, twice the number of the limit blocks, are all fixedly connected to the mounting tube. The limit blocks are provided with force storage grooves. The elastic blocks limit the limit blocks through the force storage grooves. A fifth elastic member is provided between the dynamic extrusion member and the mounting column.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0025] A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the fixed frame is limitedly slidably connected with a sliding block, a sixth elastic member is fixedly connected between the side of the sliding block close to the mounting tube and the fixed frame, the sliding block is in contact with the dynamic extrusion member, the limiting ring is provided with a reversal groove, the sliding block limits the limiting ring through the reversal groove, and the mounting shell is rotatably connected to the planetary carrier.

[0026] Furthermore, an extrusion step portion is provided on a side of the rotating ring away from the mounting tube, and a release step groove is provided in the movable extrusion member, and the movable extrusion member limits the rotating ring through the release step groove.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0028] The locking block is slidably connected to the side of the movable extrusion member close to the main crushing roller, and a seventh elastic member is fixedly connected between the two. A locking groove is provided in the fixed extrusion member, and the locking block limits the movable extrusion member through the locking groove.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention detects the speed difference between the main crushing roller and the mounting cylinder, and adjusts the speeds of the main crushing roller and the mounting cylinder based on the difference, and reduces the speed of the main crushing roller when the load is large, so as to increase the torque of the main crushing roller, reduce the probability of material jamming, and thus improve the efficiency of scrap steel crushing; the load on the main crushing roller is judged according to the distance moved by the dynamic extrusion member, and when the main crushing roller is jammed, the transmission between the mounting cylinder and the power motor is released to prevent the mounting cylinder and the main crushing roller from being damaged by excessive load for a long time due to failure of the overload protection device; after the main crushing roller is jammed, the main crushing roller is driven to reverse through the elastic member storing force, and the scrap steel bitten between the main crushing roller and the auxiliary crushing roller is discharged, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the workers and facilitating the subsequent workers to clean up the scrap steel accumulated in the mounting frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the main crushing roller, the auxiliary crushing roller and the mounting shell of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting tube and the fixing frame of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the main crushing roller and the mounting shell of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the limiting ring, the mounting column and the limiting block of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the main crushing roller, the mounting cylinder and the fixed extrusion member of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 An exploded view of the main crushing roller, the mounting cylinder and the fixed extrusion member of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating ring, the limiting ring and the mounting column of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 An exploded view of the dynamic extrusion member and the rotating ring of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the locking block and the locking groove of the present invention.

[0040] The meaning of the reference numerals in the figure: 1-mounting frame, 101-feed hopper, 2-main crushing roller, 3-auxiliary crushing roller, 4-mounting shell, 5-power motor, 6-sun gear, 7-planet carrier, 8-planetary gear, 9-gear ring, 10-reduction wheel, 11-gear box, 12-mounting cylinder, 13-output gear, 14-fixed extrusion member, 15-moving extrusion member, 16-rotating ring, 161-extrusion ladder, 162-release ladder groove, 17-limiting ring, 18-mounting column, 19-limiting block, 20-bracket, 21-extrusion block, 22-sliding column, 23-extrusion column, 231-spline groove, 24-elastic block, 241-energy storage groove, 25-fixed frame, 26-sliding block, 261-reversal groove, 27-locking block, 271-locking groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0042] A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher, see Figure 1-Figure 6 , including: a mounting frame 1, in which a main crushing roller 2 and an auxiliary crushing roller 3 are rotatably connected, and the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3 are driven by a gear set; a mounting shell 4, which is fixed to the mounting frame 1, and a power motor 5 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and a sun gear 6, a planetary carrier 7, a planetary gear 8 and a gear ring 9 constituting a planetary gear system are arranged in the mounting shell 4, and the sun gear 6 is fixed to the output shaft of the power motor 5, and the mounting shell 4 is rotatably connected to a reduction wheel 10 meshing with the gear ring 9; a gear box 11, which is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 12 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 13 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 14 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 15 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 16 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 17 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 18 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 19 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 11 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 19 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 11 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 18 is installed in the mounting shell 4, and the gear box 19 ... An output gear 13 is rotatably connected in the wheel box 11, and the gear box 11 is used to drive the output gear 13 and the output shaft of the power motor 5; the mounting cylinder 12 is arranged on the planetary carrier 7 and is rotatably connected with the mounting shell 4; the adjustment component is arranged on the mounting cylinder 12, and is used to control the transmission between the reduction wheel 10 and the output gear 13; the detection component is arranged on the main crushing roller 2, and is used to detect the speed difference between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting cylinder 12, and thereby control the movement of the adjustment component, and the mounting cylinder 12 drives the main crushing roller 2 through the detection component.

[0043] The above scheme aims to solve the problem that when the existing double-roll crusher is used to crush scrap steel, the volume of scrap steel entering the double-roll crusher per unit time is uncertain due to the irregular shape and size of the scrap steel, resulting in a high probability of material jamming in the double-roll crusher and low scrap steel crushing efficiency. The scheme detects the speed difference between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting drum 12, and adjusts the speed of the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting drum 12 based on this, and reduces its speed when the main crushing roller 2 is heavily loaded, thereby increasing the torque of the main crushing roller 2, reducing the probability of material jamming, and further reducing the time for handling the material jamming problem during the scrap steel processing process, thereby improving the efficiency of scrap steel crushing. A feed hopper 101 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 1, and the upper side of the feed hopper 101 is opened The opening area is larger than the opening area on the lower side, guiding the scrap steel to enter between the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3; three planetary gears 8 are rotatably connected to the planetary carrier 7, the ring gear 9 and the sun gear 6 are both meshed with the planetary gears 8, and the planetary carrier 7 and the ring gear 9 are both rotatably connected to the mounting shell 4; when the scrap steel is crushed by the present device and operates normally (hereinafter, normal operation will refer to the feed amount of scrap steel per unit time not exceeding the rated processing capacity of the main crushing roller 2; overload operation will refer to the feed amount of scrap steel per unit time exceeding the rated processing capacity of the main crushing roller 2, in which case the load force on the main crushing roller 2 increases, the crushing efficiency decreases, and the probability of material jamming increases), the ring gear 9 and the reduction wheel 10 are limited by the adjustment component and are in a stationary state.

[0044] See also Figure 4-Figure 7 The detection assembly includes: a fixed extrusion member 14, which is fixedly connected to one end of the main crushing roller 2 close to the mounting tube 12. The main crushing roller 2 is slidably and rotatably connected to a dynamic extrusion member 15 spline-connected to the mounting tube 12. The fixed extrusion member 14 is used to squeeze the dynamic extrusion member 15 when a speed difference is formed between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting tube 12; a rotating ring 16, which is rotatably connected to the dynamic extrusion member 15, and a limiting ring 17 is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting tube 12 close to the fixed extrusion member 14, and a first elastic member is fixedly connected between the rotating ring 16 and the limiting ring 17; an extrusion inclined surface is provided on both the fixed extrusion member 14 and the dynamic extrusion member 15, and in the direction of the central axis of the dynamic extrusion member 15, the length of the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion member 14 and the dynamic extrusion member 15 is greater than the distance between the rotating ring 16 and the limiting ring 17.

[0045] In the above scheme, the fixed extrusion member 14 is driven to squeeze the movable extrusion member 15 to move by the speed difference between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting cylinder 12, and the speed difference between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting cylinder 12 is judged according to the moving distance of the movable extrusion member 15, and then the load force on the main crushing roller 2 is judged; the fixed extrusion member 14 and the movable extrusion member 15 are both provided with three extrusion inclined surfaces, and initially, the three extrusion inclined surfaces on the movable extrusion member 15 are completely fitted with the three extrusion inclined surfaces on the fixed extrusion member 14, respectively, and the movable extrusion member 15 is completely fitted with the movable extrusion member 15 on the mounting cylinder 12. When rotating clockwise (the rotation angle in this article is from right to left), the mounting cylinder 12 drives the movable extrusion member 15 to rotate clockwise through the spline. At this time, the movable extrusion member 15 drives the fixed extrusion member 14 to rotate clockwise together through the mutual extrusion of the adjacent extrusion inclined surfaces. In this process, the movable extrusion member 15 always has a tendency to move rightward under the guidance of the extrusion inclined surfaces. When the load force on the main crushing roller 2 is within the normal range (that is, the feed amount of scrap steel per unit time is not greater than the maximum processing capacity of the main crushing roller 2), the adjacent rotating ring 16 The first elastic member exerts a leftward extrusion force on the dynamic extrusion member 15 to offset the tendency of the dynamic extrusion member 15 to move rightward, until the load force on the main crushing roller 2 exceeds the normal range, a speed difference is generated between the mounting tube 12 and the main crushing roller 2, and the dynamic extrusion member 15 starts to move rightward under the action of the extrusion inclined surface; the first elastic member between the rotating ring 16 and the limiting ring 17 is a spiral spring (a spring that can withstand both compression and torsion), which can not only use elastic force to push the rotating ring 16 to the left, but also act as a torsion spring to store part of the torsion force; the dynamic extrusion member 15 The left end of the pressing piece 15 passes through the fixed extrusion piece 14 and is inserted into the main crushing roller 2, thereby improving the stability between the main crushing roller 2 and the dynamic extrusion piece 15; the distance comparison of the extrusion inclined surface of the dynamic extrusion piece 15 is used to prevent the dynamic extrusion piece 15 from continuing to move rightward under the mutual extrusion between the dynamic extrusion piece 15 and the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion piece 14 due to the increase of the torque of the mounting cylinder 12 after the rotation speed of the mounting cylinder 12 is reduced. The purpose of this distance comparison is to prevent the extrusion inclined surface of the dynamic extrusion piece 15 from completely losing contact with the extrusion inclined surface of the fixed extrusion piece 14.

[0046] A pressure sensor can be installed between the limit ring 17 and the adjacent first elastic member to monitor the compression amount of the adjacent first elastic member of the limit ring 17, thereby knowing the load force on the main crushing roller 2, and at the same time, the feed rate of the scrap steel can be adjusted according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0047] See also Figure 4-Figure 7The adjustment assembly includes: a mounting column 18, which is slidably connected to the mounting tube 12, and the mounting column 18 is fixedly connected to a limit block 19 that is limited and slidably connected to the mounting tube 12, and the limit block 19 passes through the mounting tube 12; a bracket 20, which is slidably and rotatably connected to the mounting tube 12 and contacts the limit block 19, and a second elastic member is fixedly connected between the bracket 20 and the mounting shell 4; an extrusion block 21, which is spline-connected to the side of the mounting tube 12 close to the planetary carrier 7, and the extrusion block 21 is spline-connected to the planetary carrier 7, and is used to make the mounting tube 12 transmit to the planetary carrier 7 through the extrusion block 21, and a third elastic member is fixedly connected between the mounting column 18 and the extrusion block 21; a sliding column 22, which is rotatably connected to the bracket 20, and slides The column 22 is connected to the extrusion column 23 for limited rotation. Spline blocks are provided on the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23. The sliding column 22 is spline-connected to the reduction wheel 10 through the spline block thereon. A spline groove 231 is provided on the output gear 13. The extrusion column 23 is spline-connected to the mounting shell 4 through the spline block thereon. The output gear 13 is transmitted to the extrusion column 23 through the spline groove 231 and the spline block on the extrusion column 23; the center angle corresponding to the projection of the spline groove 231 on the end face of the output gear 13 with the center of the end face of the output gear 13 as the center of the circle is greater than the center angle corresponding to the projection of the spline block on the extrusion column 23 on the end face of the output gear 13 with the center of the end face of the output gear 13 as the center of the circle.

[0048] In the above scheme, the purpose is to change the relative position between the output gear 13 and the extrusion column 23 by moving the movable extrusion member 15, thereby controlling the rotation speed and torque of the main crushing roller 2; the second elastic member between the bracket 20 and the mounting shell 4 is a spring; the number of limit blocks 19 can be changed according to actual conditions. In this article, the number of limit blocks 19 is two, and the position where the limit block 19 contacts the bracket 20 can be embedded with a ball, which is used to reduce the friction between the two during the crushing of scrap steel (the mounting cylinder 12 will drive the limit block 19 to rotate); the third elastic member between the mounting column 18 and the extrusion block 21 is a tension spring that is always stretched and stored, which is used to enable the mounting column 18 to drive the extrusion block 21 to move when it moves to fit with the extrusion block 21, and the right end of the mounting column 18 is provided with a pit for accommodating the third elastic member (refer to the attached Figure 6); The spline block on the sliding column 22 is always located in the reduction wheel 10 and is splined to it. When the device is operating normally, the spline block on the extrusion column 23 maintains a spline connection with the mounting shell 4. At this time, the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 lock the reduction wheel 10 with the mounting shell 4, making it impossible for the reduction wheel 10 to rotate. When overloaded, the bracket 20 pushes the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 to move right, so that the spline block on the extrusion column 23 is released from the spline connection with the mounting shell 4 and enters the spline groove 231; the comparison between the central angle of the spline groove 231 and the central angle of the spline block on the extrusion column 23 makes it easy to insert the spline block on the extrusion column 23 into the corresponding spline groove 231, thereby reducing the probability of a small area collision between the spline block on the extrusion column 23 and the spline groove 231, resulting in damage to both.

[0049] See also Figure 5 and Figure 7 A fourth elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 .

[0050] In the above scheme, the limiting sliding between the sliding column 22 and the squeezing column 23 is used to provide a buffer for the reduction wheel 10. When the reduction wheel 10 transmits power to the output gear 13 through the sliding column 22 and the squeezing column 23, the output gear 13 drives the squeezing column 23 to rotate and twists the fourth elastic member adjacent to the squeezing column 23. The torsion of the fourth elastic member drives the sliding column 22 and the reduction wheel 10 to rotate, slowing down the change in the speed of the reduction wheel 10 (similar to soft start), reducing the wear of the reduction wheel 10, the ring gear 9, the sliding column 22 and the squeezing column 23 during the initial rotation process. When the reduction wheel 10 releases the transmission with the output gear 13 (that is, after the above-mentioned method of reducing the speed and increasing the torque, the scrap steel engaged by the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3 is processed, so that the load force on the main crushing roller 2 is restored to the normal range, and the speed of the main crushing roller 2 is restored at this time), the torsion of the fourth elastic member between the sliding column 22 and the squeezing column 23 is used to decelerate the ring gear 9 and the reduction wheel 10, reduce the impact of the ring gear 9 and the reduction wheel 10 on the sliding column 22 and the squeezing column 23 due to the sudden drop in speed, and extend the service life of the sliding column 22 and the squeezing column 23.

[0051] See also Figure 6-Figure 8 , and also includes: elastic blocks 24, which are twice the number of the limit blocks 19, are all fixedly connected to the mounting tube 12, and the limit blocks 19 are provided with force storage grooves 241. The elastic blocks 24 limit the limit blocks 19 through the force storage grooves 241, and a fifth elastic member is provided between the dynamic extrusion member 15 and the mounting column 18.

[0052] In the above scheme, the elastic block 24 is used to limit the limit block 19, so that the movable extrusion member 15 moves a unit distance (the specific value of the unit distance is one-third of the length of the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion member 14 in the direction of the central axis of the fixed extrusion member 14), and then the fifth elastic member adjacent to the movable extrusion member 15 can be relied on to push the mounting column 18 and the limit block 19 to move; the fifth elastic member adjacent to the movable extrusion member 15 is a spring; there is a pit at the position where the elastic block 24 is installed on the mounting cylinder 12, and the pit is used to store the deformed elastic block 24; the elastic block 24 is made of elastic rubber, and the surface of the elastic block 24 is coated with a plastic film to reduce the friction between the elastic block 24 and the limit block 19; the power storage groove 241 is a rectangular groove, and the limit block 19 is provided with an inclined surface (refer to the attached Figure 8 , the limit block 19 is an octagonal prism), when the limit block 19 moves and contacts the elastic block 24, the limit block 19 squeezes the elastic block 24 through the inclined surface thereon, so that the elastic block 24 is deformed, and the force required by the inclined surface of the limit block 19 to squeeze the elastic block 24 to deform is less than the force required by the storage groove 241 to squeeze the elastic block 24 to deform.

[0053] The working principle of the above scheme is as follows: when the scrap steel is crushed and recycled, the power motor 5 is started, the output shaft of the power motor 5 drives the sun gear 6 to rotate clockwise, the sun gear 6 drives the planetary carrier 7 to rotate clockwise through the planetary gear 8 (at this time, the reduction wheel 10 is limited by the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23, and the ring gear 9 is in a stationary state), the planetary carrier 7 drives the installation cylinder 12 to rotate through the extrusion block 21, the installation cylinder 12 drives the movable extrusion member 15 to rotate through the spline, and the movable extrusion member 15 squeezes the adjacent extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion member 14 through the extrusion inclined surface thereon to drive the fixed extrusion member 14 Rotate, the fixed extrusion piece 14 drives the main crushing roller 2 to rotate, and the main crushing roller 2 drives the auxiliary crushing roller 3 to rotate counterclockwise through the gear set. Then the worker uses the feeding device (such as a conveyor belt) to transport the scrap steel to the feeding hopper 101, and the scrap steel enters between the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3 along the feeding hopper 101, and is sheared and crushed by the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3. When the feeding amount of scrap steel per unit time is greater than the normal range that the main crushing roller 2 can handle (that is, when overloaded), the rotation speed of the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3 is reduced, and at this time, a rotation speed difference is generated between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting cylinder 12.

[0054] When a speed difference occurs between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting cylinder 12, the clockwise speed of the fixed extrusion member 14 is lower than the clockwise speed of the dynamic extrusion member 15. At this time, the dynamic extrusion member 15 moves rightward under the action of mutual extrusion between the extrusion inclined surface on it and the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion member 14, and compresses the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16, and at the same time compresses the fifth elastic member adjacent to the mounting column 18. At this time, the feeding rate of the feeding device is controlled according to the value of the pressure sensor on the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 (the value of the pressure sensor is related to the feeding rate of the feeding device). Inversely proportional), if the movable extrusion member 15 continues to move rightward and eventually moves a unit distance, at this time, the thrust of the fifth elastic member adjacent to the mounting column 18 on the mounting column 18 to the right is greater than the force of the elastic block 24 on the limiting block 19 (that is, the force required for the elastic block 24 to be squeezed and deformed), the mounting column 18 and the limiting block 19 move rightward together under the action of the adjacent fifth elastic member (the limiting block 19 will squeeze the elastic block 24 on the left side through the force storage groove 241 during the rightward movement, and deform the elastic block 24 on the left side, so that the elastic block 24 on the left side and the force storage groove 241 are deformed, and the elastic block 24 on the left side is deformed, so that the elastic block 24 on the left side and the force storage groove 241 are deformed, and the elastic block 24 on the left side and the force storage groove 241 are deformed, and the elastic block 24 on the left side and the limit block 19 on the right side are deformed, and the limit block 19 on the left side and the limit block 19 on the right side are deformed, and the elastic block 24 ... 1 loses contact and releases the limit of the limit block 19), the limit block 19 pushes the bracket 20 to move right, and compresses the second elastic member adjacent to the bracket 20, the bracket 20 drives the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 to move right, so that the spline block on the sliding column 22 slides to the right in the reduction wheel 10, the spline block on the extrusion column 23 loses contact with the mounting shell 4 and enters the adjacent spline groove 231, at this time, the output gear 13 drives the extrusion column 23 to rotate clockwise through the spline block on the extrusion column 23, and the extrusion column 23 drives the sliding column 22 and The reduction wheel 10 rotates together, and the reduction wheel 10 drives the ring gear 9 to rotate counterclockwise; in the process of the limit block 19 moving to the right, the distance between the limit block 19 and the elastic block 24 on the right side gradually decreases, and finally the two contact, and the inclined surface of the limit block 19 squeezes the elastic block 24 on the right side and causes the elastic block 24 to deform until the spline block on the output gear 13 completely enters the spline groove 231, and the elastic block 24 on the right side enters the force storage groove 241, and the fifth elastic member adjacent to the mounting column 18 recovers its deformation, that is, the mounting column 18 and the limit block 19 stop moving.

[0055] When the reduction wheel 10 drives the gear ring 9 to rotate counterclockwise, as the gear ring 9 rotates, the speed of the planetary gear 8 rotating clockwise along the central axis of the sun gear 6 is reduced, that is, the rotation speed of the planetary carrier 7 and the mounting cylinder 12 is reduced, and the transmission ratio between the mounting cylinder 12 and the output shaft of the power motor 5 is reduced, so that the torque on the mounting cylinder 12 and the main crushing roller 2 is increased, and the probability of the main crushing roller 2 being stuck due to insufficient torque is reduced; after the scrap steel engaged by the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3 is processed, the load force on the main crushing roller 2 is restored to the normal range, and the rotation speed of the main crushing roller 2 is gradually restored, that is, the speed difference between the main crushing roller 2 and the mounting cylinder 12 gradually disappears, and the dynamic extrusion Component 15 moves leftward under the action of the adjacent first elastic component, and the fifth elastic component between the movable extrusion component 15 and the mounting column 18 is stretched during the leftward movement of the movable extrusion component 15, so that the fifth elastic component is stretched and force is stored. When the movable extrusion component 15 is reset relative to the fixed extrusion component 14, the fifth elastic component adjacent to the mounting column 18 drives the mounting column 18 and the limit block 19 to move leftward, and the limit block 19 squeezes the elastic block 24 on the right side through the force storage groove 241, so that the elastic block 24 on the right side is deformed and the limit on the force storage groove 241 is released. Then the mounting column 18 and the limit block 19 are reset, and the step of squeezing the elastic block 24 by the inclined surface of the limit block 19 is repeated, so that the elastic block 24 on the left side enters the force storage groove 241 and limits the limit block 19.

[0056] During the leftward movement of the limit block 19, the bracket 20 moves leftward under the action of the adjacent second elastic member, and the bracket 20 drives the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 to move leftward together, so that the extrusion column 23 loses the spline connection with the spline groove 231 and is re-connected with the spline of the mounting shell 4. At this time, the speed of the reduction wheel 10 gradually decreases to zero under the action of the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23, and the reset action is completed. The crushing process of the scrap steel continues until the scrap steel processing is completed, and the power motor 5 is stopped.

[0057] See also Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , further comprising: a fixed frame 25, fixedly connected to the mounting frame 1, the fixed frame 25 is limitedly slidably connected with a sliding block 26, a sixth elastic member is fixedly connected between the side of the sliding block 26 close to the mounting cylinder 12 and the fixed frame 25, the sliding block 26 contacts the movable extrusion member 15, the limiting ring 17 is provided with a reversal groove 261, the sliding block 26 limits the limiting ring 17 through the reversal groove 261, the mounting shell 4 is rotatably connected to the planetary carrier 7; an extrusion ladder portion 161 is provided on the side of the rotating ring 16 away from the mounting cylinder 12, a release ladder groove 162 is provided in the movable extrusion member 15, and the movable extrusion member 15 limits the rotating ring 16 through the release ladder groove 162.

[0058] In the above scheme, the sliding block 26 is used to limit the limit ring 17 when the distance that the movable extrusion member 15 moves to the right is greater than a unit distance; the position for the sliding block 26 to slide on the fixed frame 25 is rectangular, so that the sliding block 26 can only slide left and right; in the direction of the central axis of the limit ring 17, the minimum distance between the sliding block 26 and the limit ring 17 is equal to the length of a unit distance; a steel ball can be embedded in the position where the sliding block 26 contacts the movable extrusion member 15 to reduce the friction between the movable extrusion member 15 and the sliding block 26, and to extend the service life of the sliding block 26 and the movable extrusion member 15; when the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 acts as a torsion spring (that is, after the sliding block 26 limits the limit ring 17), as the mounting tube 12 rotates, the mounting tube 12 drives the rotating ring 16 to rotate together through the movable extrusion member 15, and twists the rotating ring 1 6 is a first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 for storing force; initially, the extrusion ladder 161 is located in the adjacent release ladder groove 162 and is kept relatively still by the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16. As the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 accumulates torsional force, when the torsional force is greater than the force required for the extrusion ladder 161 to move out of the release ladder groove 162 (the force is related to the elastic force of the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 and the friction coefficient between the rotating ring 16 and the dynamic extrusion member 15), the extrusion ladder 161 moves out of the adjacent release ladder groove 162 and enters the next release ladder groove 162. In this process, a part of the torsional force of the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 is released to prevent the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 from continuing to be scrapped due to excessive torsional force; the sixth elastic member between the sliding block 26 and the fixing frame 25 is a spring.

[0059] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Fig.10 , and also includes: a locking block 27, which is limitedly slidably connected to the side of the movable extrusion member 15 close to the main crushing roller 2, and a seventh elastic member is fixedly connected between the two. A locking groove 271 is provided in the fixed extrusion member 14, and the locking block 27 limits the movable extrusion member 15 through the locking groove 271.

[0060] In the above scheme, the movable extrusion member 15 is limited by the locking block 27 when the movable extrusion member 15 moves two unit distances (indicating that the scrap steel accumulated on the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3 can no longer be solved by increasing the torque, and the machine is stopped for processing at this time); the seventh elastic member between the locking block 27 and the movable extrusion member 15 is a spring; the locking block 27 is composed of a rectangular block and a lever on its left side, wherein the rectangular block of the locking block 27 is used to insert into the locking groove 271 to limit the movable extrusion member 15, and the lever of the locking block 27 is used for resetting the locking block 27. A through hole is provided at a position corresponding to the end of the lever of the locking block 27 on the main crushing roller 2 (the size of the through hole is not enough for the locking block 27 to enter), and a worker can use a tool to penetrate into the through hole and press the lever of the locking block 27 to reset the locking block 27; the locking groove 271 is an annular groove, and the upper side edge of the rectangular block of the locking block 27 is chamfered to facilitate the rectangular block of the locking block 27 to enter the locking groove 271.

[0061] The working principle of the above scheme to deal with the main crushing roller 2 being stuck is as follows: after the movable extrusion member 15 moves a unit distance (in the process of the movable extrusion member 15 moving, the movable extrusion member 15 will drive the sliding block 26 to move right, and compress the sixth elastic member adjacent to the sliding block 26, so that the distance between the sliding block 26 and the limiting ring 17 gradually decreases), the rotation speed of the main crushing roller 2 is reduced and the torque is increased. If the load force on the main crushing roller 2 continues to increase, the movable extrusion member 15 continues to move right, and the movable extrusion member 15 pushes the sliding block 26 to move right. The sliding block 26 enters the adjacent reversing groove 261, limits the limiting ring 17, and the movable extrusion member 15 compresses the fifth elastic member adjacent to the mounting column 18; as the mounting cylinder 12 rotates, The first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16 is twisted, and when the dynamic extrusion member 15 moves rightward by two unit distances, the locking block 27 corresponds to the locking groove 271. The locking block 27 enters the locking groove 271 under the action of the adjacent seventh elastic member, and limits the dynamic extrusion member 15 (making the dynamic extrusion member 15 unable to move left and right); the fifth elastic member adjacent to the mounting column 18 overcomes the deformation force of the elastic block 24, so that the mounting column 18, the limiting block 19, the bracket 20, the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 move rightward together, the spline block on the sliding column 22 continues to move rightward along the reduction wheel 10, and the spline block on the extrusion column 23 moves out of the spline groove 231. At this time, the output gear 13 no longer transmits the speed reduction wheel 10 through the extrusion column 23 and the sliding column 22. The reduction wheel 10 is in a free rotation state; during the rightward movement of the mounting column 18, the mounting column 18 contacts the extrusion block 21 (at this time, the tension spring adjacent to the extrusion block 21 is still in a stretched and force-storing state), and pushes the extrusion block 21 to move rightward, so that the extrusion block 21 is released from the spline connection with the planetary carrier 7 and the mounting cylinder 12, that is, the transmission between the mounting cylinder 12 and the planetary carrier 7 is released. At this point, the mounting cylinder 12, the movable extrusion member 15 and the rotating ring 16 are only subjected to the torsional force of the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16. Under the action of the first elastic member adjacent to the rotating ring 16, the mounting cylinder 12, the rotating ring 16 and the movable extrusion member 15 are driven to rotate counterclockwise, and the movable extrusion member 15 rotates counterclockwise relative to the fixed extrusion member 14 (in this process, the movable extrusion member 15 rotates counterclockwise relative to the fixed extrusion member 14). The extrusion piece 15 drives the locking block 27 to slide in the locking groove 271), until the back side of the extrusion inclined surface on the movable extrusion piece 15 contacts the back side of the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion piece 14 and drives the fixed extrusion piece 14 to rotate counterclockwise, and the fixed extrusion piece 14 drives the main crushing roller 2 to rotate counterclockwise, and discharges the scrap steel engaged between the main crushing roller 2 and the auxiliary crushing roller 3, so as to facilitate the subsequent workers to clean up the scrap steel accumulated in the mounting frame 1, and release the transmission between the mounting cylinder 12 and the power motor 5 when the speed difference between the two is too large by detecting the speed difference between the mounting cylinder 12 and the main crushing roller 2, so as to avoid the failure of the overload protection device on the power motor 5, which may cause the mounting cylinder 12 and the main crushing roller 2 to be damaged by excessive load for a long time.

[0062] After the workers clean up the scrap steel accumulated in the mounting frame 1, they adjust the relative position between the fixed extrusion member 14 and the movable extrusion member 15 so that the lever of the locking block 27 is aligned with the through hole on the main crushing roller 2. Then, they use a tool to penetrate into the through hole on the main crushing roller 2 and push the locking block 27 so that the locking block 27 loses contact with the locking groove 271. At this time, the movable extrusion member 15 moves left and resets under the action of the adjacent first elastic member of the rotating ring 16. At the same time, the steps of resetting the mounting column 18 and the limit block 19 under the action of the adjacent fifth elastic member and resetting the bracket 20 under the action of the adjacent second elastic member are repeated, so that the mounting column 18, the limit block 19, the bracket 20, the sliding column 22 and the extrusion column 23 are all reset. At this time, the power motor 5 is restarted to continue to crush the remaining scrap steel until all the scrap steel is crushed, and then the power motor 5 is stopped.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An efficient scrap steel crusher, characterized in that: include: A mounting frame (1), wherein a main crushing roller (2) and an auxiliary crushing roller (3) are rotatably connected inside the mounting frame (1), and the main crushing roller (2) and the auxiliary crushing roller (3) are driven by a gear set; A mounting shell (4) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (1); a power motor (5) is mounted on the mounting shell (4); a sun gear (6), a planetary frame (7), a planetary gear (8) and a ring gear (9) are arranged inside the mounting shell (4) to form a planetary gear train; the sun gear (6) is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the power motor (5); and the mounting shell (4) is rotatably connected to a reduction gear (10) meshing with the ring gear (9); a gear box (11) mounted on the mounting shell (4), an output gear (13) being rotatably connected inside the gear box (11), the gear box (11) being used to transmit the output gear (13) and the output shaft of the power motor (5); A mounting cylinder (12) disposed on the planet carrier (7) and rotatably connected to the mounting shell (4); an adjustment component, disposed on the mounting cylinder (12), and used for controlling the transmission between the reduction wheel (10) and the output gear (13); A detection component is arranged on the main crushing roller (2) and is used to detect the speed difference between the main crushing roller (2) and the mounting cylinder (12), and thereby control the movement of the adjustment component; the mounting cylinder (12) transmits the power to the main crushing roller (2) through the detection component.

2. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component comprises: a fixed extrusion member (14) fixedly connected to one end of the main crushing roller (2) close to the mounting cylinder (12); the main crushing roller (2) is slidably and rotatably connected to a dynamic extrusion member (15) spline-connected to the mounting cylinder (12); the fixed extrusion member (14) is used to squeeze the dynamic extrusion member (15) when a rotation speed difference is formed between the main crushing roller (2) and the mounting cylinder (12); A rotating ring (16) is rotatably connected to the movable extrusion member (15); a side of the mounting tube (12) close to the fixed extrusion member (14) is rotatably connected to a limiting ring (17); a first elastic member is fixedly connected between the rotating ring (16) and the limiting ring (17).

3. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed extrusion piece (14) and the movable extrusion piece (15) are both provided with an extrusion inclined surface, and in the direction of the central axis of the movable extrusion piece (15), the length of the extrusion inclined surface on the fixed extrusion piece (14) and the movable extrusion piece (15) is greater than the distance between the rotating ring (16) and the limiting ring (17).

4. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment component comprises: A mounting column (18) is slidably connected in the mounting tube (12); the mounting column (18) is fixedly connected to a limit block (19) which is slidably connected to the mounting tube (12); the limit block (19) passes through the mounting tube (12); A bracket (20) is slidably and rotatably connected to the mounting tube (12) and is in contact with the limit block (19); a second elastic member is fixedly connected between the bracket (20) and the mounting shell (4); an extrusion block (21) spline-connected to a side of the mounting tube (12) close to the planet carrier (7); the extrusion block (21) and the planet carrier (7) are spline-connected to enable the mounting tube (12) to transmit power to the planet carrier (7) through the extrusion block (21); and a third elastic member is fixedly connected between the mounting column (18) and the extrusion block (21); A sliding column (22) is rotatably connected to the bracket (20); the sliding column (22) is limitedly rotatably connected to an extrusion column (23); both the sliding column (22) and the extrusion column (23) are provided with spline blocks; the sliding column (22) is spline-connected to the reduction wheel (10) via the spline blocks thereon; a spline groove (231) is provided on the output gear (13); the extrusion column (23) is spline-connected to the mounting shell (4) via the spline blocks thereon; the output gear (13) is transmitted to the extrusion column (23) via the spline groove (231) and the spline blocks on the extrusion column (23).

5. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center angle of a projection of the spline groove (231) on the end face of the output gear (13) with the center of the end face of the output gear (13) as the center is greater than the center angle of a projection of the spline block on the extrusion column (23) on the end face of the output gear (13) with the center of the end face of the output gear (13) as the center.

6. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fourth elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding column (22) and the extrusion column (23).

7. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that include: The elastic blocks (24) are twice the number of the limit blocks (19), and are all fixedly connected to the mounting tube (12). The limit blocks (19) are provided with force storage grooves (241). The elastic blocks (24) limit the limit blocks (19) via the force storage grooves (241). A fifth elastic member is provided between the movable extrusion member (15) and the mounting column (18).

8. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that include: A fixing frame (25) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (1); the fixing frame (25) is slidably connected to a sliding block (26); a sixth elastic member is fixedly connected between a side of the sliding block (26) close to the mounting tube (12) and the fixing frame (25); the sliding block (26) is in contact with the movable extrusion member (15); the limiting ring (17) is provided with a reversing groove (261); the sliding block (26) limits the limiting ring (17) through the reversing groove (261); and the mounting shell (4) is rotatably connected to the planet carrier (7).

9. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 8, characterized in that: An extrusion step (161) is provided on a side of the rotating ring (16) away from the mounting cylinder (12), and a release step groove (162) is provided in the movable extrusion member (15), and the movable extrusion member (15) limits the rotating ring (16) via the release step groove (162).

10. A high-efficiency scrap steel crusher according to claim 9, characterized in that include: A locking block (27) is slidably connected to a side of the movable extrusion member (15) close to the main crushing roller (2), and a seventh elastic member is fixedly connected between the two. A locking groove (271) is provided in the fixed extrusion member (14), and the locking block (27) limits the movable extrusion member (15) through the locking groove (271).

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