Flotation and acid leaching continuous operation equipment and method for high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucible

Abstract

The invention discloses flotation and acid leaching continuous operation equipment and method for high-purity quartz sand for a photovoltaic crucible, and the operation equipment comprises a rack, a flotation device, a conveying device, an acid leaching device, a control device, a flotation device, a conveying device and an acid leaching device, the flotation device, the conveying device and the acid leaching device are sequentially and fixedly installed on the rack according to the quartz sand purification technological process, the conveying device is provided with a feeding end and a discharging end, the feeding end is connected with the flotation device, and the discharging end is connected with the acid leaching device; the control device is electrically connected with the flotation device, the conveying device and the acid leaching device so as to achieve continuous operation. Continuous and automatic production of the high-purity quartz sand is achieved, pollution of the quartz sand in the manual transferring process can be avoided, the production efficiency is remarkably improved, and resource waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of quartz sand purification technology, and in particular to a continuous operation device and method for flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles. Background Art

[0002] The purification process of high-purity quartz sand mainly includes roughing, crushing, water quenching, pulverizing, magnetic separation, flotation, acid leaching, washing, dehydration and drying. Among them, flotation is mainly to remove the more common associated minerals in quartz sand samples, such as mica and feldspar, etc.; acid leaching can remove impurities in the form of inclusions, lattice impurities and other non-mineral impurities in quartz sand samples.

[0003] However, in the prior art, when preparing high-purity quartz sand, each process is mostly carried out separately, especially flotation and acid leaching. Generally, the quartz sand after flotation is manually transferred to the reactor for acid leaching, which has the following shortcomings: 1. It consumes manpower and material resources, takes a long time to operate, and has low operating efficiency; 2. Other impurities are easily introduced during the transfer process, which poses a risk of secondary pollution and affects the purity of the quartz sand; 3. Part of the quartz sand may be lost during the transfer process, resulting in a waste of resources. Therefore, designing a continuous operation equipment and method for flotation and acid leaching for preparing high-purity quartz sand has important practical significance for removing impurities from high-purity quartz sand and realizing automated continuous operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a continuous operation equipment and method for flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles, which is used to solve the technical problems of low operation efficiency, easy contamination of quartz sand and waste of resources in the existing preparation of high-purity quartz sand by manual transfer of the flotation quartz sand to the acid leaching operation equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a continuous operation equipment for flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles, comprising: frame; A flotation device, a conveying device and an acid leaching device, wherein the flotation device, the conveying device and the acid leaching device are fixedly installed on the frame in sequence according to the quartz sand purification process flow, the conveying device has a feed end and a discharge end, the feed end is connected to the flotation device, and the discharge end is connected to the acid leaching device; A control device is electrically connected to the flotation device, the conveying device and the acid leaching device respectively to achieve continuous operation.

[0006] In some embodiments, the flotation device includes a flotation cell, a driving mechanism, a stirring and aerating mechanism, and a reagent adding mechanism. The flotation cell is fixed to the upper part of the frame, the driving mechanism is arranged at the top of the flotation cell, the transmission shaft of the driving mechanism extends into the interior of the flotation cell and is transmission-connected to the stirring and aerating mechanism, the outlet of the reagent adding mechanism is arranged in the flotation cell, and the driving mechanism and the reagent adding mechanism are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

[0007] In some embodiments, the flotation device further comprises a temperature control mechanism, a pH adjustment mechanism and a pulp concentration maintaining mechanism, and the temperature control mechanism, the pH adjustment mechanism and the pulp concentration maintaining mechanism are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

[0008] In some embodiments, the temperature control mechanism includes a temperature detector and a heater, and the temperature collector and the heater are disposed in the flotation tank and are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

[0009] In some embodiments, the pH adjustment mechanism includes a slurry pH detector, an acid-adding pipeline and an alkali-adding pipeline, the outlet ends of the acid-adding pipeline and the alkali-adding pipeline are respectively located in the flotation tank, and the acid-adding pipeline and the alkali-adding pipeline are both provided with a first control valve, and the first control valve and the pH detector are respectively electrically connected to the control device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the slurry concentration maintaining mechanism includes a slurry concentration detector, a vibrating feeder, a discharge pipe and a drainage pipe, and the discharge pipe and the drainage pipe are both provided with a second control valve, and the second control valve, the vibrating feeder and the slurry concentration detector are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the conveying device includes a material conveying pipeline and a pneumatic valve, the pneumatic valve is arranged on the material conveying pipeline, and two ends of the material conveying pipeline respectively form the feed end and the discharge end.

[0012] In some embodiments, the acid leaching device includes a high-temperature reactor, a motor, a rotating shaft, a heater and an acid addition channel, the inlet of the high-temperature reactor is connected to the discharge end, the motor is arranged at the top of the high-temperature reactor, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the motor, and the other end thereof extends into the high-temperature reactor, the heater is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature reactor, the inlet of the acid addition channel is arranged at the top of the high-temperature reactor, and a third control valve is arranged on the acid addition channel, and the third control valve and the high-temperature reactor are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for continuous operation of flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles. The method is implemented based on the continuous operation equipment for flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and comprises the following steps: Step S1, sending quartz sand into a flotation device for flotation processing to remove floating impurities; Step S2, controlling the flotation device to discharge material through the control device, sending the flotation quartz sand from the feed end to the conveying device, and then sending it to the acid leaching device from the discharge end; Step S3, after the flotation, the quartz sand enters the acid leaching device, and the impurities therein are removed by acid leaching; Step S4, controlling the acid leaching device to discharge and collect materials through the control device, thereby obtaining a high-purity quartz sand product.

[0014] In some embodiments, step S1 also includes a process of controlling the temperature, pH value and concentration of the slurry in the flotation device, step S2 also includes a process of controlling the automatic feeding of the conveying device, step S3 also includes a process of controlling the concentration of the acid leaching liquid and the solid-liquid ratio in the acid leaching device, and step S4 also includes a process of controlling the discharge of quartz sand after acid leaching in the acid leaching device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a continuous operation device and method for flotation and acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles. The material after flotation can be transferred to the acid leaching device through a conveying device, which solves the key production problem that the prior art cannot achieve continuous operation from flotation to acid leaching. Compared with the existing manual transfer, the present invention realizes continuous and automated operation of high-purity quartz sand, can avoid contamination of quartz sand products during the transfer process, significantly improves the production efficiency of high-purity quartz sand, and reduces resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a general diagram of the continuous operation equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flotation device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the acid leaching device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the continuous operation method of the present invention.

[0017] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 100, flotation device, 110, flotation tank, 120, driving mechanism, 130, stirring and aerating mechanism, 140, reagent adding mechanism, 150, temperature control mechanism, 160, pH adjustment mechanism, 170, slurry concentration maintaining mechanism, 180, scraper, 101, feed port, 102, discharge port, 103, tailings collection port, 104, drain port; 200, conveying device, 210, material conveying pipeline, 220, pneumatic valve, 221, valve body, 222, valve seat, 223, valve core, 224, pneumatic actuator; 300, acid leaching device, 310, high temperature reaction kettle, 320, acid adding channel, 330, motor, 340, rotating shaft, 350, heater, 360, filter screen, 301, acid leaching feed port, 302, leaching discharge port, 303, acid discharge port; 400, control device, 410, digital display screen; 500, rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In view of the technical problems in the prior art of manually transferring the quartz sand after flotation to the acid leaching equipment for acid leaching, which has low efficiency, easy contamination and possible waste of resources, the present invention proposes a continuous operation equipment and method for flotation and acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles, which can effectively solve the problem of continuous operation of the flotation-acid leaching process and realize the continuous and automated purification operation of high-purity quartz sand.

[0020] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a continuous operation equipment for flotation and acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles, including a frame 500, a flotation device 100, a conveying device 200, an acid leaching device 300 and a control device 400. The frame 500 is a mounting carrier. The flotation device 100, the conveying device 200 and the acid leaching device 300 are fixedly installed on the frame 500 in sequence according to the quartz sand purification process. The conveying device 200 has a feed end and a discharge end. The feed end is connected to the flotation device 100, and the discharge end is connected to the acid leaching device 300. The control device 400 is electrically connected to the flotation device 100, the conveying device 200 and the acid leaching device 300, respectively, to achieve continuous operation.

[0021] The flotation device 100, the conveying device 200 and the acid leaching device 300 in the continuous operation equipment described in this embodiment are arranged in sequence on the frame 500 according to the quartz sand purification process flow, so as to facilitate the transportation of materials; after the quartz sand completes the flotation process in the flotation device 100, the conveying device 200 can be controlled by the control device 400 to transfer the quartz sand to the acid leaching device 300 for acid leaching. Compared with the existing manual transfer, the present invention realizes the continuous and automated operation of high-purity quartz sand, can avoid the contamination of quartz sand products during the transfer process, significantly improves the production efficiency of high-purity quartz sand, and reduces resource waste.

[0022] At the same time, in the prior art, some flotation equipment and acid leaching equipment need manual intervention during operation, for example: in flotation operation, it is necessary to manually adjust the pulp temperature, pulp pH value, pulp concentration and added reagents, etc.; in acid leaching operation, it is necessary to manually control the solid-liquid ratio, acid concentration and acid leaching liquid ratio, etc. In addition to the possibility of waste of reagents and increase production costs, these manual intervention methods, the reagents commonly used in acid leaching and flotation operations and high-concentration acids will also cause harm to the environment and human body. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles provided by the present invention is provided with a temperature control mechanism 150, a pH adjustment mechanism 160, a pulp concentration maintenance mechanism 170, an acid addition channel 320 and corresponding valves to solve the above technical problems, and these mechanisms are electrically connected to the control device 400. Therefore, the present invention realizes quantitative addition of reagents by optimizing process parameters and equipment design, reduces manual intervention, reduces reagent waste, and reduces environmental pollution. In general, the continuous operation equipment provided by the present invention can effectively improve the purity and recovery rate of samples while reducing production costs and environmental pollution based on considerations of technical, economic, environmental and other factors.

[0023] The components and working principles of the high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles provided by the present invention are described in detail below.

[0024] In one embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the flotation device 100 is used to remove floating impurities in quartz sand, including a flotation cell 110, a driving mechanism 120, a stirring and aerating mechanism 130, a reagent adding mechanism 140, a temperature control mechanism 150, a pH adjusting mechanism 160 and a pulp concentration maintaining mechanism 170. The flotation cell 110 can be one or more, and the flotation cell 110 is fixed to the upper part of the frame 500. The upper side of the flotation cell 110 has a feed port 101, and the bottom of the flotation cell has a discharge port 102. The driving mechanism 120 is arranged on the top of the flotation cell 110. The transmission shaft of the driving mechanism 120 extends into the flotation cell 110 and is in transmission connection with the stirring and aerating mechanism 130. The outlet of the reagent adding mechanism 140 is arranged in the flotation cell 110. The temperature control mechanism 150, the pH adjustment mechanism 160 and the pulp concentration maintaining mechanism 170 are all arranged in the flotation cell 110. The driving mechanism 120, the reagent adding mechanism 140, the temperature control mechanism 150, the pH adjustment mechanism 160 and the pulp concentration maintaining mechanism 170 are electrically connected to the control device 400 respectively.

[0025] In this way, the control device 400 controls the driving mechanism 120 to drive the stirring and aerating mechanism 130 to inject air into the flotation tank 110 and stir it, so that the flotation agent forms foam. The flotation agent changes the surface properties of the minerals. The impurity minerals adhere to the foam surface and float up along with the foam, and are then separated from the quartz sand, thereby achieving the purpose of impurity removal.

[0026] In one of the embodiments, the interior of the flotation tank 110 is filled with anti-corrosion materials, and a PP machine cover is connected to the top of the anti-corrosion material. The transmission shaft of the driving mechanism 120 passes through the PP machine cover and is connected to the stirring and aeration mechanism 130 disposed in the flotation tank 110, and is electrically connected to the control device 400 to realize automatic flotation.

[0027] In one embodiment, the side of the flotation cell 110 is further provided with a tailings collecting port 103 for collecting tailings; and the side of the flotation cell is further provided with a drain port 104 below the tailings collecting port 103 .

[0028] In one embodiment, the drug adding mechanism 140 is a drug delivery pipeline provided with a first valve, and the first valve is electrically connected to the control device 400 to achieve automatic drug addition.

[0029] In one embodiment, the temperature control mechanism 150 includes a temperature detector and a heater, and the temperature collector and the heater are electrically connected to the control device 400 respectively.

[0030] In one embodiment, the pH adjustment mechanism 160 includes a slurry pH detector, an acid adding pipeline and an alkali adding pipeline, and the acid adding pipeline and the alkali adding pipeline are both provided with a first control valve, and the first control valve and the pH detector are electrically connected to the control device 400 respectively.

[0031] In one embodiment, the slurry concentration maintaining mechanism 170 includes a slurry concentration detector, a vibrating feeder, a discharge pipe and a drainage pipe, and the discharge pipe and the drainage pipe are both provided with a second control valve, and the second control valve, the vibrating feeder and the slurry concentration detector are electrically connected to the control device 400 respectively.

[0032] In one embodiment, a scraper 180 is further disposed in the flotation tank 110 .

[0033] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the conveying device 200 is used to convey the quartz sand after flotation to the acid leaching device 300. The conveying device 200 includes a conveying pipeline 210 and a pneumatic valve 220. The pneumatic valve 220 is arranged on the conveying pipeline 210. The two ends of the conveying pipeline 210 respectively form the feed end and the discharge end. The control device 400 controls the switch of the pneumatic valve 220 to convey the quartz sand to the acid leaching device 300.

[0034] In one embodiment, the feed pipe 210 is a pipe made of polytetrafluoroethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the pneumatic valve 220 includes a valve body 221, a valve seat 222, a valve core 223 and a pneumatic actuator 224. The valve body 221 is the main part of the pneumatic valve 220, which is usually made of cast iron, cast steel, stainless steel and other materials. Its main function is to support and fix other components and withstand the pressure of the medium; the valve seat 222 is a gasket on the valve body 221, which plays a sealing role and is usually made of rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene and other materials; the valve core 223 is an important component of the pneumatic valve 220 and is also used to control the fluid. It can be based on The switch is controlled according to the signal of the pneumatic actuator 224 so as to control the flow and pressure of the medium. The material of the valve core 223 can be polytetrafluoroethylene, para-polyphenylene and other materials that will not pollute the quartz sand product; the pneumatic actuator 224 is one of the important components of the pneumatic valve 220, which can convert the pneumatic signal into mechanical movement to open or close the valve. The commonly used pneumatic actuators 224 are cylinder type and diaphragm type; in addition to these main components, the pneumatic valve 220 also includes connectors, seals, etc. When selecting and using pneumatic valves, it is necessary not only to consider the quality and materials of various components, but also to select and adjust according to the working environment and the properties of the medium.

[0035] In one embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, the acid leaching device 300 is used for acid leaching to remove mineral phase impurities, inclusion impurities and lattice impurities in quartz sand. The acid leaching device 300 includes a high-temperature reactor 310, an acid adding channel 320, a motor 330, a rotating shaft 340, a heater 350 and a filter 360. The high-temperature reactor 310 has an acid leaching feed port 301, which is connected to the discharge end. The motor 330 is arranged at the top of the high-temperature reactor 310, one end of the rotating shaft 340 is connected to the motor 330, and the other end thereof extends into the high-temperature reactor 310. The heater 350 is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature reactor 310, the inlet of the acid adding channel 320 is arranged at the top of the high-temperature reactor 310, and the acid adding channel 320 is provided with a third control valve, and the third control valve and the high-temperature reactor 310 are respectively electrically connected to the control device 400. In this way, the quartz sand after flotation is transported to the high-temperature reactor 310 through the conveying device 200, the control device 400 controls the motor 330 to drive the rotating shaft 340 to rotate, and the acid solution is added to the high-temperature reactor 310 through the acid adding channel 320, and the quartz sand and the acid solution are fully mixed to achieve the purpose of removing impurities.

[0036] In one embodiment, the bottom of the high-temperature reactor 310 also has a leaching outlet 302, and the material after acid leaching flows out from the leaching outlet 302.

[0037] In one embodiment, the bottom of the high-temperature reaction kettle 310 further has an acid discharge port 303 , and a filter screen 360 is disposed on the acid discharge port 303 .

[0038] In one embodiment, the material in the high temperature reaction kettle 310 is polytetraoxyethylene.

[0039] In one embodiment, the control device 400 includes a digital display screen 410 and a remote controller, and the digital display screen 410 is installed at the bottom of the frame 500 .

[0040] Second, as Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for continuous operation of flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles. The method is implemented based on a continuous operation equipment for flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles provided by the present invention, and comprises the following steps: Step S1, sending quartz sand into the flotation device 100 for flotation processing to remove floating impurities; Step S2, controlling the flotation device 100 to discharge materials through the control device 400, sending the flotated quartz sand from the feed end to the conveying device 200, and then sending it to the acid leaching device 300 from the discharge end; Step S3, after the flotation, the quartz sand enters the acid leaching device 300, and the impurities therein are removed by acid leaching; Step S4, controlling the acid leaching device 300 to discharge materials and collecting quartz sand through the control device 400, thereby obtaining a high-purity quartz sand product.

[0041] Through the above technical scheme, the continuous operation method of flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles provided by the present invention has the advantages of high production efficiency, good cost-effectiveness, environmental protection and high degree of automation, and is suitable for the demand for high-purity quartz sand in the photovoltaic and semiconductor industries.

[0042] In one embodiment, step S1 also includes a process of controlling the temperature, pH value and concentration of the slurry in the flotation device 100, step S2 also includes a process of controlling the automatic feeding of the conveying device 200, step S3 also includes a process of controlling the concentration of the acid leaching liquid and the solid-liquid ratio in the acid leaching device 300, and step S4 also includes a process of controlling the discharge of quartz sand after acid leaching in the acid leaching device 300.

[0043] The following is a detailed description of the automatic control process of the temperature, pH value and concentration of the slurry, the automatic feeding process of the conveying device 200, the automatic control of the concentration of the acid leaching liquid and the solid-liquid ratio in the acid leaching device 300, and the automatic discharge process of the quartz sand after acid leaching: (i) The slurry temperature control process comprises the following steps: 1. Parameter setting: Set the set temperature value T0 and the set temperature fluctuation value T1 of high-purity quartz sand flotation through the digital display screen; 2. Data collection: The real-time temperature T2 of the slurry in the flotation cell 110 is collected by a temperature detector, and the collected data is transmitted to a remote controller; 3. Data processing: The collected real-time temperature T2 is compared and judged with the set temperature value T0 through the remote controller, and the heater is controlled to increase or decrease the slurry temperature according to the judgment result; Step 3.1, the remote controller receives the real-time temperature value T2 of the high-purity quartz sand slurry transmitted by the temperature detector every t(1) seconds, and compares the real-time temperature value T2 of the slurry with the set temperature value T0 through the remote controller to obtain the slurry temperature difference ΔT= T2- T0; Step 3.2, the absolute value of the slurry temperature difference ΔT is compared with the set temperature fluctuation value T1 by the remote controller to control whether the heater starts working, specifically: Step 3.2.1, when the absolute value of the slurry temperature difference ΔT is less than the set temperature fluctuation value T1, the remote controller controls the heater to stop working; Step 3.2.2, when the absolute value of the slurry temperature difference ΔT is greater than the set temperature fluctuation value T1 and the slurry real-time temperature value T2 is less than the set temperature value T0, the remote controller controls the heater to start working; Step 3.2.3, when the absolute value of the slurry temperature difference ΔT is greater than the set temperature fluctuation value T1 and the slurry real-time temperature value T2 is greater than the set temperature value T0, the remote controller controls the heater to stop working.

[0044] (ii) The slurry pH control process comprises the following steps: 1. Parameter setting: setting the slurry pH value P0 and the temperature fluctuation value P1 of high-purity quartz sand flotation through the digital display screen 410; 2. Data collection: The real-time pH value P2 of the slurry in the high-purity quartz sand flotation machine is collected through the pH detector, and the collected data is transmitted to the remote controller; 3. Data processing: The real-time pH value P2 collected is compared and judged with the set pH value P0 through the remote controller, and the pH value of the slurry is controlled to increase / decrease according to the judgment result; Step 3.1, the remote controller receives the real-time pH value P2 of the high-purity quartz sand slurry transmitted by the pH detector every t(2) seconds, and compares the real-time pH value P2 of the slurry with the set pH value P0 through the remote controller to obtain the slurry pH difference ΔP= P2- P0; Step 3.2, the remote controller compares the absolute values ​​of the slurry temperature difference ΔT and the pH difference ΔP with the set temperature and pH fluctuation values ​​T1 and P1 to control whether the heater and pH adjustment mechanism 160 start working. Specifically, the following is done: Step 3.2.1, when the absolute value of the slurry pH value ΔP is less than the set pH fluctuation value P1, the remote controller controls the pH adjustment mechanism 160 to stop working; Step 3.2.2, when the absolute value of the slurry pH value ΔP is greater than the pH fluctuation value P1 and the slurry real-time pH value P2 is less than the set pH value P0, the remote controller controls the pH adjustment mechanism 160 to start working; Step 3.2.3, when the absolute value of the slurry pH value ΔP is greater than the set temperature fluctuation value P1 and the slurry real-time pH value P2 is greater than the set pH value P0, the remote controller controls the pH adjustment mechanism 160 to stop working.

[0045] (III) The slurry concentration maintenance process comprises the following steps: 1. Parameter setting: setting the set pulp concentration value C0 and the set concentration fluctuation value C1 of high-purity quartz sand flotation through the digital display screen 410; 2. Data collection: The real-time slurry concentration value C2 of the slurry in the flotation cell 110 is collected by a slurry concentration detector, and the collected data is transmitted to a remote controller; 3. Automatic adjustment: The real-time slurry concentration value C2 collected is compared and judged with the set slurry concentration value C0 through the remote controller, and the vibrating feeder is controlled to feed according to the judgment result.

[0046] Step 3.1, the remote controller receives the real-time slurry concentration value C2 of the high-purity quartz sand slurry transmitted by the slurry concentration detector every t(3) seconds, and compares the real-time slurry concentration value C2 with the set slurry concentration value C0 through the controller to obtain the slurry concentration difference ΔC = C2- C0; Step 3.2, the remote controller compares the absolute value of the slurry concentration difference ΔC with the set concentration fluctuation value C1 to control whether the vibrating feeder feeds material, specifically: Step 3.2.1, when the absolute value of the slurry concentration difference ΔC is less than the set concentration fluctuation value C1, the remote controller controls the vibrating feeder to stop working; Step 3.2.2, when the absolute value of the slurry concentration difference ΔC is greater than the set concentration fluctuation value C1 and the real-time slurry concentration value C2 is less than the set slurry concentration value C0, the remote controller controls the vibrating feeder to start working; Step 3.2.3, when the absolute value of the slurry concentration difference ΔC is greater than the set concentration fluctuation value C1 and the real-time slurry concentration value C2 is greater than the set slurry concentration value C0, the remote controller controls the vibrating feeder to stop working.

[0047] (IV) The post-floating quartz sand transmission process comprises the following steps: 1. Set the flotation operation time t1 through the digital display screen 410; obtain the actual flotation time t2 of the quartz sand through the remote controller, and control the drainage, ore gas / electric valves (i.e., the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve) to remain closed or open by comparing the actual flotation time t2 with the set flotation time t1, specifically: Step 1.1, when the actual flotation time t2 is less than the set flotation time t1, all valves are controlled to be closed by the remote controller, and neither water nor ore is discharged; Step 2.2, when the actual flotation time t2 is equal to the set flotation time t1, the remote controller controls the drainage electric valve to open and the ore discharge electric valve to close; the sensing device of the control device 400 detects the change of the water content in the slurry, and when the water content value no longer changes, the controller controls the drainage electric valve to close and the ore discharge gas / electric valve to open for ore discharge; the ore sample enters the high-temperature reactor 310 through the feed pipe 210; 2. Set the set opening time t3 of the drainage electric valve and the set opening time t4 of the mine gas / electric valve through the digital display screen 410; 3. The actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is obtained through the remote controller. The controller compares the actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve with the set opening time t3 to control the drainage electric valve to remain open or closed. Specifically: Step 3.1, when the actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is less than the set opening time t3 of the drainage electric valve, the remote controller sends a circuit connection instruction to the drainage electric valve, and the drainage electric valve remains in the open state to continuously drain water. Step 3.2, when the actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is equal to the set opening time t3 of the drainage electric valve, the remote controller sends a disconnection command to the drainage electric valve, the drainage electric valve closes, and the drainage ends.

[0048] 4. The actual opening time t6 of the exhaust gas / electric valve is obtained through the remote controller. The actual opening time t6 of the exhaust gas / electric valve is compared with the set opening time t4 through the remote controller to control the exhaust gas / electric valve to remain open or closed. Specifically: Step 4.1, when the actual opening time t6 of the discharge gas valve is less than the set opening time t4 of the discharge gas / electric valve, the remote controller sends a circuit connection instruction to the discharge gas / electric valve, and the discharge electric valve remains in the open state to continue discharge. Step 4.2, when the actual opening time t6 of the discharge gas / electric valve is equal to the set opening time t4 of the discharge gas / electric valve, the remote controller sends a disconnection command to the discharge gas / electric valve, and the discharge gas / electric valve closes to end the discharge.

[0049] (V) The process of maintaining and controlling the concentration of the acid leaching solution comprises the following steps: 1. Parameter setting: setting the set acid leaching solution concentration value C0 and the set acid leaching solution concentration fluctuation value C1 of the high-purity quartz sand acid leaching solution through the digital display screen 410; 2. Data collection: The real-time slurry concentration value C2 of the acid leaching liquid in the high-purity quartz sand high-temperature reactor 310 is collected through the acid leaching liquid concentration detector, and the collected data is transmitted to the remote controller; 3. Automatic adjustment: The remote controller compares and judges the collected real-time acid leaching liquid concentration value C2 with the set acid leaching liquid concentration value C0, and determines whether to add acid based on the judgment result: Step 3.1, the remote controller receives the real-time slurry concentration value C2 of the high-purity quartz sand slurry transmitted by the acid leaching solution concentration every t(4) seconds, and compares the real-time acid leaching solution concentration value C2 of the slurry with the set acid leaching solution concentration value C0 through the controller to obtain the acid leaching solution concentration difference ΔC= C2- C0; Step 3.2, the controller is controlled to add acid by comparing the absolute value of the acid leaching solution concentration difference ΔC with the set acid leaching solution concentration fluctuation value C1 through the remote controller, specifically: Step 3.2.1, when the absolute value of the acid leaching solution concentration difference ΔC is less than the set acid leaching solution concentration fluctuation value C1, the remote controller stops working; Step 3.2.2, when the absolute value of the acid leaching solution concentration difference ΔC is greater than the set acid leaching solution concentration fluctuation value C1 and the real-time acid leaching solution concentration value C2 is less than the set acid leaching solution concentration value C0, the controller starts to work; Step 3.2.3, when the absolute value of the acid leaching solution concentration difference ΔC is greater than the set acid leaching solution concentration fluctuation value C1 and the real-time acid leaching solution concentration value C2 is greater than the set acid leaching solution concentration value C0, the remote controller stops working.

[0050] (VI) The acid leaching solid-liquid ratio maintenance control process comprises the following steps: 1. Parameter setting: set the solid-liquid ratio A and the solid-liquid ratio fluctuation value A1 of the high-purity quartz sand acid leaching operation through the digital display screen 410; 2. Data collection: The real-time solid-liquid ratio A2 in the high-purity quartz sand reactor is collected through the acid leaching liquid concentration meter, and the collected data is transmitted to the controller; 3. Automatic adjustment: The real-time solid-liquid ratio A2 collected is compared and judged with the set solid-liquid ratio A0 through the remote controller, and the controller decides whether to feed according to the judgment result.

[0051] Step 3.1, the controller receives the real-time solid-liquid ratio A2 every t(5) seconds, and compares the real-time solid-liquid ratio A2 of the slurry with the set solid-liquid ratio A0 through the controller to obtain the acid leaching solution concentration difference ΔA= A2-A0; Step 3.2, the remote controller compares the absolute value of the solid-liquid ratio difference ΔA with the set solid-liquid ratio fluctuation value A1 to control whether the controller feeds, specifically: Step 3.2.1, when the absolute value of the solid-liquid ratio difference ΔA is less than the set solid-liquid ratio fluctuation value A1, the remote controller stops working; Step 3.2.2, when the absolute value of the solid-liquid ratio difference ΔA is greater than the set solid-liquid ratio fluctuation value A1 and the real-time solid-liquid ratio value A2 is less than the set solid-liquid ratio value A0, the remote controller starts to work; Step 3.2.3, when the absolute value of the solid-liquid ratio difference ΔA is greater than the set solid-liquid ratio fluctuation value A1 and the real-time solid-liquid ratio value A2 is greater than the set solid-liquid ratio value A0, the remote controller stops working.

[0052] (VII) The process of discharging quartz sand after acid leaching comprises the following steps: 1. Set the acid leaching operation time t1 and the reactor cooling time t2 through the display screen; obtain the actual acid leaching time t3 of the quartz sand through the remote controller, and control the drainage, mining gas / electric valve to remain closed or open by comparing the actual acid leaching time t3 with the sum of the set acid leaching time t1 and the reactor cooling time t2 t4, specifically: Step 1.1, when the actual acid leaching time t3 is less than the set acid leaching time and the reactor cooling time t4, the electric valves for draining and discharging ore are closed by the remote controller, and no water or ore is discharged; Step 1.2, when the actual acid leaching time t4 is equal to the set acid leaching time and the reactor cooling time t4, the controller controls the drainage electric valve to open and the ore discharge electric valve to close; the control device sensing device detects the change of water content in the slurry, and when the water content value no longer changes, the remote controller controls the drainage electric valve to close and the ore discharge electric valve to open for ore discharge; 2. Set the set opening time t3 of the drainage electric valve and the set opening time t4 of the mine gas / electric valve through the display screen; 3. The actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is obtained through the controller, and the actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is compared with the set opening time t3 through the remote controller to control the drainage electric valve to remain open or closed, specifically: Step 3.1, when the actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is less than the set opening time t3 of the drainage electric valve, the controller sends a circuit connection instruction to the drainage electric valve, and the drainage electric valve remains in the open state to continuously drain water. Step 3.2, when the actual opening time t5 of the drainage electric valve is equal to the set opening time t3 of the drainage electric valve, the remote controller sends a disconnection command to the drainage electric valve, the drainage electric valve closes, and the drainage ends.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention can realize the continuous operation of flotation-acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand, solve the key production problem that the existing technology cannot realize the continuous operation of flotation-acid leaching, avoid pollution and significantly improve production efficiency. The flotation-acid leaching combined technology is adopted to first remove the floating impurities in the quartz sand by flotation, and then further remove the impurities that are difficult to float by acid leaching, thereby improving the purification effect of the quartz sand. The reactor rotating device is used to evenly mix the quartz sand and the acid solution, ensuring the full contact between the quartz sand and the acid solution, and improving the acid leaching effect. The equipment occupies a small area, has a compact structure, and is easy to install and debug. The automatic operation of the equipment is realized through a computer control system, which reduces the degree of manual intervention and improves production efficiency and stability. These innovations are aimed at achieving the purpose of high-efficiency, low-energy consumption, high-purity and environmentally friendly purification of quartz sand, and solving the problems of low production efficiency, high energy consumption, and large equipment footprint in the existing technology.

[0054] It should be noted that each device in the present invention can be replaced by a device of the same type, and the working principle of the equipment is consistent with the device. Among them, the flotation machine, gas / electric valve, feed pipeline and reactor are essential main components, and the equipment materials need to be corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant and meet the test requirements. Other parts, such as control systems and other auxiliary equipment, can be selected and adjusted according to actual conditions. Different types of flotation machines can be used, such as mechanical flotation machines, air flotation machines, etc., as long as they can achieve the same flotation effect. Similarly, gas / electric valves can also be replaced by other types of valves, such as solenoid valves, manual valves, etc. The feed pipeline can also use different types, such as straight pipelines, elbow pipelines, etc., to adapt to different equipment layouts. If the quartz sand supplied by a flotation machine is not enough to meet the capacity of an acid leaching reactor, the number of flotation machines can be increased, and the feed pipeline can be equipped with other types according to the number of flotation machines. For example, two flotation machines supply an acid leaching device, and a Y-shaped feed pipeline can be used. The selection of these alternatives should be based on actual needs, cost, and ease of operation.

[0055] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention effectively solves these problems by optimizing the operation process and using a controller to realize automatic adjustment of flotation and acid leaching operation conditions, and can realize continuous operation of flotation-acid leaching, which can reduce the manpower and material resources consumed in the production process of high-purity quartz sand, and also avoid the contamination of quartz sand products during the transfer process, which can significantly improve the production efficiency of high-purity quartz sand; 2. The present invention improves the automation level of flotation machine operation, can realize automatic adjustment of pulp temperature, pH and pulp concentration, and can realize central control and automated production in flotation operation; reasonably controls pulp temperature, pH and pulp concentration, avoids excessive loss of artificially regulated reagents, energy, etc. to a certain extent, and reduces environmental pollution to a certain extent; the operation is simple, the flotation production efficiency is high, and the staff can use the flotation machine conveniently; 3. The present invention can realize automatic adjustment of the concentration and solid-liquid ratio of the pickling solution, and can also realize automatic production control in the pickling operation, thereby improving the effect of the acid solution in removing impurities; the concentration and solid-liquid ratio of the pickling solution can be reasonably controlled to reduce the loss of the acid solution as much as possible; the interior of the equipment is made of anti-corrosion and wear-resistant material polytetrafluoroethylene, which realizes the anti-corrosion and wear-resistant of the pickling equipment; the operation is simple, and the staff can conveniently use the reactor; 4. The conveying device 200 of the present invention uses gas / electric valves with the advantages of fast response, high reliability, simple structure, and convenient maintenance. The valve with air as the power source can achieve a millisecond response time by controlling the pressure of the air source to realize the opening and closing of the valve; the pneumatic valve has no wearing parts, high reliability, and does not require auxiliary equipment such as power supply and wires. It can work stably for a long time in various environments and has a long service life. In addition, the pneumatic valve has certain explosion-proof performance and can be used safely in flammable and explosive occasions. Since the pneumatic valve has a simple structure and no wearing parts, maintenance and maintenance are very simple. It can be repaired and replaced in time when a fault occurs, which not only saves time and labor costs, but also reduces production losses caused by downtime; 5. The equipment of the present invention occupies a small area, which helps to save plant area and reduce plant investment costs.

[0056] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles, characterized in that: include: frame; A flotation device, a conveying device and an acid leaching device, wherein the flotation device, the conveying device and the acid leaching device are fixedly installed on the frame in sequence according to the quartz sand purification process flow, the conveying device has a feed end and a discharge end, the feed end is connected to the flotation device, and the discharge end is connected to the acid leaching device; A control device is electrically connected to the flotation device, the conveying device and the acid leaching device respectively to achieve continuous operation.

2. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flotation device includes a flotation tank, a driving mechanism, a stirring and aerating mechanism and a reagent adding mechanism. The flotation tank is fixed to the upper part of the frame, the driving mechanism is arranged on the top of the flotation tank, the transmission shaft of the driving mechanism extends into the flotation tank and is connected to the stirring and aerating mechanism, the outlet of the reagent adding mechanism is arranged in the flotation tank, and the driving mechanism and the reagent adding mechanism are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

3. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The flotation device further comprises a temperature control mechanism, a pH adjustment mechanism and a pulp concentration maintaining mechanism, and the temperature control mechanism, the pH adjustment mechanism and the pulp concentration maintaining mechanism are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

4. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The temperature control mechanism comprises a temperature detector and a heater, and the temperature detector and the heater are arranged in the flotation tank and are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

5. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pH adjustment mechanism includes a slurry pH detector, an acid-adding pipeline and an alkali-adding pipeline. The outlet ends of the acid-adding pipeline and the alkali-adding pipeline are respectively located in the flotation tank. The acid-adding pipeline and the alkali-adding pipeline are both provided with a first control valve. The first control valve and the pH detector are respectively electrically connected to the control device.

6. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slurry concentration maintaining mechanism includes a slurry concentration detector, a vibrating feeder, a discharge pipe and a drainage pipe. The discharge pipe and the drainage pipe are both provided with a second control valve. The second control valve, the vibrating feeder and the slurry concentration detector are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

7. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises a material conveying pipeline and a pneumatic valve. The pneumatic valve is arranged on the material conveying pipeline. Two ends of the material conveying pipeline respectively form the feed end and the discharge end.

8. The high-purity quartz sand flotation acid leaching continuous operation equipment for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acid leaching device includes a high-temperature reactor, a motor, a rotating shaft, a heater and an acid adding channel, wherein the inlet of the high-temperature reactor is connected to the discharging end, the motor is arranged at the top of the high-temperature reactor, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the motor, and the other end thereof extends into the high-temperature reactor, the heater is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature reactor, the inlet of the acid adding channel is arranged at the top of the high-temperature reactor, a third control valve is arranged on the acid adding channel, and the third control valve and the high-temperature reactor are electrically connected to the control device respectively.

9. A method for continuous operation of flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles, which is realized based on the continuous operation equipment for flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, sending quartz sand into a flotation device for flotation processing to remove floating impurities; Step S2, controlling the flotation device to discharge material through the control device, sending the flotation quartz sand from the feed end to the conveying device, and then sending it to the acid leaching device from the discharge end; Step S3, after the flotation, the quartz sand enters the acid leaching device, and the impurities therein are removed by acid leaching; Step S4, controlling the acid leaching device to discharge and collect materials through the control device, thereby obtaining a high-purity quartz sand product.

10. The continuous operation method of flotation acid leaching of high-purity quartz sand for photovoltaic crucibles according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S1 also includes a process of controlling the temperature, pH value and concentration of the slurry in the flotation device, step S2 also includes a process of controlling the automatic feeding of the conveying device, step S3 also includes a process of controlling the concentration of the acid leaching liquid and the solid-liquid ratio in the acid leaching device, and step S4 also includes a process of controlling the discharge of quartz sand after acid leaching in the acid leaching device.

Images