Axially-locked self-locking chuck and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an axially-locked self-locking chuck and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chucks. An axially-locked self-locking chuck comprises a chuck body, an adapter shaft disc and a supporting shaft disc, the adapter shaft disc is installed between the chuck body and the supporting shaft disc, the chuck body is attached to the adapter shaft disc, the adapter shaft disc is connected with the supporting shaft disc through a flange, and four claw assemblies are arranged on the outer surface of the chuck body. In order to solve the problems that in an existing self-locking chuck, circumferential fixing is conducted through a clamping spring, a pre-tightening spring and a core are complex in structure, particularly the pre-tightening spring is prone to being damaged, a workpiece needs to be manually held to wait for locking operation in traditional clamping, and certain potential safety hazards exist, assembling and locking are conducted at the same time, the potential safety hazards are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, compared with a traditional locking structure, the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chucks, in particular to an axially locked self-locking chuck and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A chuck is a mechanical device used to clamp a workpiece. It is mostly used in machine tools and other equipment. Its working principle is to use the movable jaws on the chuck to move radially at the same time to achieve the purpose of positioning and clamping the workpiece.

[0003] The existing self-locking chuck is fixed circumferentially by a retaining spring, wherein the preload spring and the core structure are relatively complicated, especially the preload spring is easy to be damaged, and the traditional clamping requires manual holding of the workpiece to wait for the locking operation, which has certain safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an axially locked self-locking chuck and a working method thereof, which can perform assembly and locking simultaneously to reduce safety hazards. At the same time, it is different from the traditional locking structure and has a longer service life, which can solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an axially locked self-locking chuck, comprising a chuck body, an adapter shaft disc and a supporting shaft disc, wherein the adapter shaft disc is installed between the chuck body and the supporting shaft disc, and the chuck body is fitted with the adapter shaft disc, wherein the adapter shaft disc and the supporting shaft disc are connected by a flange, and four claw assemblies are provided on the outer surface of the chuck body, and four elastic connecting rods are provided between the claw assemblies, and the elastic connecting rod is penetrated and compressed into the interior of the chuck body, and a workpiece is placed on one end of the elastic connecting rod, and the workpiece is pushed to press the elastic connecting rod into the interior of the chuck body, and as the elastic connecting rod shrinks, the elasticity of the joint ball shaft will drive the contraction of the elastic connecting rod, and at this time the metal splint will contact the workpiece and clamp it on the chuck surface, and the extension length of the elastic connecting rod can be adjusted according to the thickness of the workpiece to be processed.

[0006] Furthermore, a lubrication channel is provided inside the supporting shaft disc, and a joint control center axis is provided between the supporting shaft disc and the adapter shaft disc, wherein the joint control center axis passes through the adapter shaft disc and extends to the inside of the chuck body, and a telescopic shaft groove is provided at the bottom of the adapter shaft disc.

[0007] Furthermore, an inner expansion groove is provided between the chuck body and the adapter shaft disk, the claw assembly includes a metal clamping plate and a mounting shaft seat, an integrally formed locking disk is provided at the bottom of the metal clamping plate, and a positioning groove is provided on the outer surface of the mounting shaft seat, wherein the locking disk is connected to the mounting shaft seat via the positioning groove, and the locking disk and the mounting shaft seat are connected by bolts.

[0008] Furthermore, an integrally formed joint ball shaft is provided at the bottom of the mounting shaft seat, and a positioning flange is provided below the mounting shaft seat, the positioning flange is connected to the chuck body by bolts, a limiting sleeve is provided inside the positioning flange, and a buffer rubber ring is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the limiting sleeve. The metal splint is first combined with the mounting shaft seat, and then the joint ball shaft at the bottom of the mounting shaft seat is inserted into the limiting sleeve inside the positioning flange. A limiting structure is provided between the limiting sleeve and the positioning flange, which limits the limiting sleeve to rotate only at a certain angle inside the flange. In this way, the direction of the metal splint can be changed by rotating the mounting shaft seat, and the inclination angle can be adjusted after the joint ball shaft is pulled out.

[0009] Furthermore, the joint ball shaft is installed inside the limiting sleeve shaft, a gasket is provided at the bottom of the joint control center shaft, an inner shaft rod is provided above the gasket, wherein a spring kit is provided on the outer side of the inner shaft rod, and the inner shaft rod is telescopically connected to the adapter shaft disc through the spring kit.

[0010] Furthermore, a transfer bearing is arranged on the outer side of the top of the inner shaft rod, the transfer bearing is connected to the transfer shaft disk through a slot, a cone connecting shaft is arranged above the inner shaft rod, the cone connecting shaft is connected to the inner shaft rod through a screw, wherein a top shaft is arranged above the cone connecting shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, four groups of support arms are arranged around the conical connecting shaft, one end of the support arm is provided with a ball groove, the joint ball shaft is connected to the support arm through the ball groove, the other end of the support arm is provided with an integrally formed T-shaped joint shaft, the T-shaped joint shaft is connected to the conical connecting shaft through a slide groove, the surface of the conical connecting shaft is provided with an oblique slide groove structure, the support arm can be inserted into the slide groove through the T-shaped joint shaft at one end, the support arm will extend outward when the T-shaped joint shaft moves upward inside the slide groove, and the support arm will contract inward when it moves downward inside the slide groove.

[0012] A method for operating an axially locked self-locking chuck comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: The direction of the metal splint can be changed by rotating the mounting shaft seat, and the metal splint and the joint ball shaft are pushed outward by the joint control center shaft, and then the workpiece is placed at one end of the elastic connecting rod;

[0014] Step 2: Push the workpiece to press the elastic connecting rod into the inside of the chuck body. As the elastic connecting rod contracts, the bottom of the elastic connecting rod contacts the support arm, and the support arm is lowered with the help of the elastic connecting rod. During the lowering process of the support arm, the joint ball shaft will be driven to contract. At this time, the metal clamping plate will contact the workpiece and clamp it on the surface of the chuck;

[0015] Step 3: As the support arm descends along the surface of the cone joint, it will move toward the center of the cone joint due to the angle of the groove. After closing toward the center, the support arm will form a traction force on the joint ball shaft, thereby assisting the locking operation of the metal splint.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention places the workpiece on one end of the elastic connecting rod, pushes the workpiece to press the elastic connecting rod into the interior of the chuck body, and uses the elastic connecting rod to lower the support arm. During the lowering process of the support arm, the joint ball shaft will be driven to contract. At this time, the metal clamping plate will contact the workpiece and clamp it on the chuck surface. The extension length of the elastic connecting rod can be adjusted according to the thickness of the workpiece to be processed. The assembly and locking are carried out at the same time, which reduces safety hazards. At the same time, it is different from the traditional locking structure and has a longer service life.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, an oblique slide groove structure is provided on the surface of the cone connecting shaft, and the support arm can be installed in the slide groove through a T-shaped joint shaft at one end. When the T-shaped joint shaft moves upward inside the slide groove, the support arm will extend outward, and when it moves downward inside the slide groove, the support arm will contract inward, and will move toward the center of the cone connecting shaft due to the influence of the slide groove angle. After closing toward the center, the support arm will form a traction force on the joint ball shaft, and the traction force can make the metal splint and the joint ball shaft at the bottom unable to be adjusted, so that the locking operation can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the overall front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an overall side view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the claw assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the metal splint structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the joint control central axis structure of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. chuck body; 2. claw assembly; 3. adapter shaft disc; 4. support shaft disc; 5. joint control center shaft; 101. elastic connecting rod; 102. inner expansion groove; 201. metal splint; 202. positioning flange; 203. mounting shaft seat; 204. limiting sleeve shaft; 205. buffer rubber ring; 2011. locking plate; 2031. joint ball shaft; 2033. positioning slot; 301. lubrication flow channel; 401. telescopic shaft groove; 501. gasket; 502. inner shaft rod; 503. spring kit; 504. adapter bearing; 505. cone shaft; 506. top shaft; 507. support arm; 5071. ball groove; 5072. T-type joint shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In order to solve the problem that the existing self-locking chuck uses a circumferential fixation through a retaining spring, the preload spring and the core structure are relatively complex, especially the preload spring is easy to cause damage, and the traditional clamping requires manual holding of the workpiece waiting for the locking operation, which has certain safety hazards; please refer to Figure 1-6 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] An axially locked self-locking chuck comprises a chuck body 1, an adapter shaft disc 3 and a supporting shaft disc 4, wherein the adapter shaft disc 3 is installed between the chuck body 1 and the supporting shaft disc 4, the chuck body 1 fits with the adapter shaft disc 3, wherein the adapter shaft disc 3 and the supporting shaft disc 4 are connected by a flange, four claw assemblies 2 are arranged on the outer surface of the chuck body 1, four elastic connecting rods 101 are arranged between the claw assemblies 2, the elastic connecting rods 101 penetrate and are compressed to the inside of the chuck body 1, a lubrication flow channel 301 is arranged inside the supporting shaft disc 4, a joint control center axis 5 is arranged between the supporting shaft disc 4 and the adapter shaft disc 3, wherein the joint control center axis 5 penetrates the adapter shaft disc 3 and extends to the inside of the chuck body 1, a telescopic shaft groove 401 is arranged at the bottom of the adapter shaft disc 3, and an inner expansion groove 102 is arranged between the chuck body 1 and the adapter shaft disc 3;

[0030] The workpiece is placed on one end of the elastic connecting rod 101, and the workpiece is pushed to press the elastic connecting rod 101 into the interior of the chuck body 1. As the elastic connecting rod 101 contracts, the bottom of the elastic connecting rod 101 contacts the support arm 507, and the support arm 507 is lowered with the help of the elastic connecting rod 101. During the lowering process of the support arm 507, the joint ball shaft 2031 is driven to contract. At this time, the metal clamping plate 201 contacts the workpiece and clamps it on the chuck surface. The extension length of the elastic connecting rod 101 can be adjusted according to the thickness of the workpiece to be processed, and the assembly and locking are carried out at the same time, which reduces safety hazards. At the same time, it is different from the traditional locking structure and has a longer service life.

[0031] Embodiment 2:

[0032] The claw assembly 2 is composed of a telescopic movable structure, which can avoid the adjustment of the rotation angle of the workpiece shape during use;

[0033] See also Figure 5 The claw assembly 2 includes a metal clamping plate 201 and a mounting shaft seat 203, an integrally formed locking disk 2011 is arranged at the bottom of the metal clamping plate 201, and a positioning slot 2033 is arranged on the outer surface of the mounting shaft seat 203, wherein the locking disk 2011 is connected to the mounting shaft seat 203 through the positioning slot 2033, the locking disk 2011 and the mounting shaft seat 203 are connected by bolts, an integrally formed joint ball shaft 2031 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting shaft seat 203, a positioning flange 202 is arranged below the mounting shaft seat 203, the positioning flange 202 is connected to the chuck body 1 by bolts, a limiting sleeve shaft 204 is arranged inside the positioning flange 202, a buffer rubber ring 205 is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the limiting sleeve shaft 204, and the joint ball shaft 2031 is installed inside the limiting sleeve shaft 204;

[0034] The metal clamping plate 201 is first assembled with the mounting shaft seat 203, and then the joint ball shaft 2031 at the bottom of the mounting shaft seat 203 is inserted into the limiting sleeve shaft 204 inside the positioning flange 202. A limiting structure is set between the limiting sleeve shaft 204 and the positioning flange 202, which limits the limiting sleeve shaft 204 to rotate only at a certain angle inside the flange, so that the direction of the metal clamping plate 201 can be changed by rotating the mounting shaft seat 203, and the tilt angle can be adjusted after the joint ball shaft 2031 is pulled out;

[0035] Embodiment 3:

[0036] Clamping requires manual holding of the workpiece while waiting for the locking operation. During the process of waiting for the locking, the hand needs to press on the surface of the workpiece, so there is a great safety impact. However, the coordinated adjustment between the cone connecting shaft 505 and the supporting arm 507 can achieve synchronous locking during assembly.

[0037] See also Figure 6A gasket 501 is provided at the bottom of the joint control center axis 5, and an inner shaft rod 502 is provided above the gasket 501, wherein a spring kit 503 is provided on the outer side of the inner shaft rod 502, and the inner shaft rod 502 is telescopically connected to the transfer shaft disc 3 through the spring kit 503, and a transfer bearing 504 is provided on the outer side of the top of the inner shaft rod 502, and the transfer bearing 504 is connected to the transfer shaft disc 3 through a slot, and a cone connecting shaft 505 is provided above the inner shaft rod 502, and the cone connecting shaft 505 is connected to the inner shaft rod 502 through a screw, wherein a top shaft 506 is provided above the cone connecting shaft 505, and a cone connecting shaft 505 is provided around Four groups of supporting arms 507 are arranged, one end of the supporting arm 507 is provided with a ball groove 5071, the joint ball shaft 2031 is connected to the supporting arm 507 through the ball groove 5071, the other end of the supporting arm 507 is provided with an integrally formed T-shaped joint shaft 5072, the T-shaped joint shaft 5072 is connected to the cone connecting shaft 505 through a slide groove, the surface of the cone connecting shaft 505 is provided with an oblique slide groove structure, the supporting arm 507 can be installed into the slide groove through the T-shaped joint shaft 5072 at one end, when the T-shaped joint shaft 5072 moves upward inside the slide groove, the supporting arm 507 will extend outward, and when it moves downward inside the slide groove, the supporting arm 507 will shrink inward;

[0038] When the metal splint 201 is being retracted and locked, the support arm 507 will descend along the surface of the conical connecting shaft 505 and will be moved toward the center of the conical connecting shaft 505 due to the influence of the sliding groove angle. After closing toward the center, the support arm 507 will form a traction force on the joint ball shaft 2031. The traction force can make the metal splint 201 and the joint ball shaft 2031 at the bottom unable to be adjusted, so that the locking operation can be achieved.

[0039] Working principle: the direction of the metal splint 201 can be changed by rotating the mounting shaft seat 203. At the same time, the metal splint 201 and the joint ball shaft 2031 extend outward under the push of the joint control center axis 5, and then the workpiece is placed on one end of the elastic connecting rod 101, and the workpiece is pushed to press the elastic connecting rod 101 into the interior of the chuck body 1. As the elastic connecting rod 101 contracts, the bottom of the elastic connecting rod 101 contacts the support arm 507, and the support arm 507 is lowered with the help of the elastic connecting rod 101. During the descent of the support arm 507, the joint ball shaft 2031 will be driven to contract. At this time, the metal splint 201 will contact the workpiece and clamp it on the chuck surface. During the descent of the support arm 507 along the surface of the cone connecting shaft 505, it will be affected by the angle of the groove body and will move toward the center of the cone connecting shaft 505. The support arm 507 that is closed toward the center will form a traction force on the joint ball shaft 2031, thereby assisting the locking operation of the metal splint 201.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0041] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An axially locked self-locking chuck, characterized in that: The chuck body (1) comprises a chuck body, an adapter shaft disc (3) and a supporting shaft disc (4); the adapter shaft disc (3) is installed between the chuck body (1) and the supporting shaft disc (4); the chuck body (1) and the adapter shaft disc (3) are fitted together; the adapter shaft disc (3) and the supporting shaft disc (4) are connected via a flange; four claw assemblies (2) are arranged on the outer surface of the chuck body (1); four elastic connecting rods (101) are arranged between the claw assemblies (2); and the elastic connecting rods (101) penetrate and are compressed into the interior of the chuck body (1).

2. An axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lubrication channel (301) is provided inside the supporting shaft disc (4), and a joint control center axis (5) is provided between the supporting shaft disc (4) and the adapter shaft disc (3), wherein the joint control center axis (5) passes through the adapter shaft disc (3) and extends to the inside of the chuck body (1), and a telescopic shaft groove (401) is provided at the bottom of the adapter shaft disc (3).

3. An axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inner expansion groove (102) is provided between the chuck body (1) and the adapter shaft disc (3); the claw assembly (2) comprises a metal clamping plate (201) and a mounting shaft seat (203); an integrally formed locking plate (2011) is provided at the bottom of the metal clamping plate (201); a positioning groove (2033) is provided on the outer surface of the mounting shaft seat (203); wherein the locking plate (2011) is connected to the mounting shaft seat (203) via the positioning groove (2033); and the locking plate (2011) and the mounting shaft seat (203) are connected via bolts.

4. An axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: An integrally formed joint ball shaft (2031) is arranged at the bottom of the mounting shaft seat (203), a positioning flange (202) is arranged below the mounting shaft seat (203), the positioning flange (202) is connected to the chuck body (1) by bolts, a limiting sleeve shaft (204) is arranged inside the positioning flange (202), and a buffer rubber ring (205) is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the limiting sleeve shaft (204).

5. An axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The joint ball shaft (2031) is installed inside the limiting sleeve shaft (204), a gasket (501) is arranged at the bottom of the joint control center shaft (5), an inner shaft rod (502) is arranged above the gasket (501), wherein a spring kit (503) is arranged on the outer side of the inner shaft rod (502), and the inner shaft rod (502) is telescopically connected to the adapter shaft disc (3) through the spring kit (503).

6. An axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transfer bearing (504) is arranged on the outer side of the top of the inner shaft rod (502), and the transfer bearing (504) is connected to the transfer shaft disc (3) through a slot, and a cone connecting shaft (505) is arranged above the inner shaft rod (502), and the cone connecting shaft (505) is connected to the inner shaft rod (502) through a screw, wherein a top shaft (506) is arranged above the cone connecting shaft (505).

7. An axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 6, characterized in that: Four groups of supporting arms (507) are arranged around the cone connecting shaft (505), one end of the supporting arm (507) is provided with a ball groove (5071), the joint ball shaft (2031) is connected to the supporting arm (507) through the ball groove (5071), and the other end of the supporting arm (507) is provided with an integrally formed T-shaped joint shaft (5072), and the T-shaped joint shaft (5072) is connected to the cone connecting shaft (505) through a sliding groove.

8. A method for operating an axially locked self-locking chuck, based on the axially locked self-locking chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The direction of the metal clamping plate (201) is changed by rotating the mounting shaft seat (203), and the metal clamping plate (201) and the joint ball shaft (2031) are extended outward under the push of the joint control center shaft (5), and then the workpiece is placed on one end of the elastic connecting rod (101); Step 2: Push the workpiece to press the elastic connecting rod (101) into the interior of the chuck body (1). As the elastic connecting rod (101) contracts, the bottom of the elastic connecting rod (101) contacts the support arm (507). The support arm (507) is lowered with the help of the elastic connecting rod (101). The support arm (507) is driven to contract during the lowering process. At this time, the metal clamping plate (201) contacts the workpiece and clamps it on the surface of the chuck. Step 3: When the support arm (507) descends along the surface of the cone connecting shaft (505), it will move toward the center of the cone connecting shaft (505) due to the angle of the groove body. After closing toward the center, the support arm (507) will form a traction force on the joint ball shaft (2031), thereby assisting the locking operation of the metal splint (201).

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