Friction stir manufacturing and repairing tool and method suitable for special-shaped section annular piece

Abstract

The invention discloses a stirring friction manufacturing and repairing tool and method suitable for a special-shaped section ring piece, firstly provides a novel structural scheme of the special-shaped section ring piece adopting segmented stirring friction tailor welding, realizes high-performance solid-phase manufacturing of a split multi-section special-shaped section ring, and remarkably reduces the manufacturing cost of the ring piece; secondly, a rapid combined clamping tool and a pumpable friction stir welding tool for friction stir welding and repairing composite manufacturing of the special-shaped section ring piece are provided, and rapid welding, positioning, assembling and locking and follow-up friction stir welding of the special-shaped section ring piece are guaranteed; finally, the invention further provides a stirring friction manufacturing and repairing composite process method for the special-shaped section annular piece, and 90% nearly-equal-strength manufacturing of a local connecting area and a body is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of advanced aerospace manufacturing, and in particular to a friction stir manufacturing and repair tool and method suitable for special-section annular parts. Background Art

[0002] At present, the structure of aerospace vehicles is constantly developing towards large-diameter features, and large-size, special-shaped cross-section connecting ring components have become a type of key load-bearing connecting structure. However, the traditional overall ring rolling manufacturing cost is extremely high, the manufacturing cycle is long, and the manufacturing of special-shaped cross-sections is difficult, the tonnage requirements of the ring rolling equipment are high, and the subsequent processing is complicated; the conventional segmented welding manufacturing solution can effectively reduce costs, but the traditional welding deformation is large and the local performance is seriously weakened; in addition, the local damage repair of the integral ring is another common problem, and the conventional high-temperature cladding metal repair method also causes serious damage to the product performance. The above three factors have led to the current high cost of manufacturing large-scale aerospace connecting ring structures, long production cycles, and major bottlenecks in performance improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a stir friction manufacturing and repair tool and method suitable for special-section ring parts, to achieve lightweight design, low-cost and high-performance manufacturing and repair of special-section ring parts of large-diameter rockets.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a friction stir manufacturing and repair tool suitable for special-section ring parts, comprising: the special-section ring parts are composed of a plurality of segmented rings and welds between the segmented rings, the two ends of the outer top of the segmented rings are designed with inwardly inclined welding bosses, and the welding bosses of two adjacent segmented rings are spliced ​​into a complete boss;

[0005] The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling includes a combined clamping tooling and a retractable friction stir welding tool; the combined clamping tooling includes an upper clamping tool, a lower clamping tool and a middle clamping tool, and the inner profile formed after each clamping tool is connected is the same as the outer profile of the segmented ring, wherein the two ends of the top of the upper clamping tooling are bent inwards to form an upper self-clamping groove, and a welding area upper groove is opened in the middle of the self-clamping groove, and left and right limit bosses are arranged on both sides of the upper groove of the welding area, which match and fit the complete boss obtained by splicing the welding bosses of two adjacent segmented rings; the two ends of the bottom of the lower clamping tooling are bent inwards to form a lower self-clamping groove, and a welding area lower groove is opened in the middle of the lower self-clamping groove; clamping bolts are designed on the upper clamping tool and the lower clamping tool, which are used to provide pre-tightening force after the combined clamping tooling and the segmented ring are assembled, so as to ensure that the segmented ring does not shift in the annular direction during the friction stir manufacturing and repair process; the friction stir welding tool includes a shaft shoulder and a stirring needle that can move relative to the shaft shoulder inside the shaft shoulder, which is used to stir friction welding and repair the weld.

[0006] Furthermore, the shoulder of the friction stir welding tool is located on the inner surface of the special-section ring part, and the stirring needle is located in the weld. The weld is welded, and the relative movement of the stirring needle and the shoulder ensures that the welding depth is consistent with the thickness of the segmented ring.

[0007] Further, the friction stir welding tool is mounted on a robot arm.

[0008] Furthermore, the special-section annular part is suitable for launch vehicles with a diameter of 5 to 10 meters.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of segmented rings is 6 to 10.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping bolts of the stir friction manufacturing and repair tooling include an upper clamping bolt, an inner clamping bolt and an outer clamping bolt. The upper clamping bolt is located at the bending part of the upper self-clamping groove, the inner clamping bolt is located at the bending part of the lower self-clamping groove, and the outer clamping bolt is located at the lower outer side of the lower clamping device.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper clamping bolts, the inner clamping bolts and the outer clamping bolts are all multiple and symmetrically distributed.

[0012] Furthermore, a threaded blind hole is formed on the middle clamping assembly for installing an upper blind hole bolt and a lower blind hole bolt, so that the middle clamping assembly is connected to the upper clamping assembly and the lower clamping assembly as a whole.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for friction stir manufacturing and repairing using the above-mentioned friction stir manufacturing and repairing tooling suitable for special-shaped cross-section annular parts, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Perform pre-welding assembly and trial docking of the placed segmented rings to ensure that the welding surfaces are consistent in shape and position;

[0015] Step 2: Install the upper clamping device, and use the left limiting boss, the right limiting boss and the upper self-clamping groove to complete the preliminary assembly and fitting of adjacent segmented rings;

[0016] Step 3: Install the lower clamping device, use the lower self-clamping groove to realize the preliminary assembly and fit of the lower end of the segmented ring, and make circumferential adjustments to ensure that the center lines of the lower groove of the welding area and the upper groove of the welding area coincide with each other;

[0017] Step 4: Install the middle clamp, and use the blind hole upper bolt and the blind hole lower bolt to respectively combine the middle clamp with the upper clamp and the lower clamp into one piece;

[0018] Step 5: Use the clamping bolts to apply pre-tightening force to the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and press the segmented ring to be welded to ensure that there is no circumferential displacement during welding;

[0019] Step 6: Implement welding, using a retractable friction stir welding tool to weld the weld through the relative movement of the stirring needle and the shaft shoulder, ensuring that the welding depth is consistent with the thickness of the segmented ring;

[0020] Step 7: After welding, disassemble the combined clamping tooling and conduct non-destructive testing of the weld. If repair is required, the weld is still repaired using the retractable friction stir welding tool until it passes the non-destructive testing.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0022] (1) The present invention proposes a new structural design scheme for special-section ring parts suitable for high-performance welding of segmented special-section connecting rings. Through high-performance solid-phase manufacturing of split multi-segment special-section ring parts by friction stir welding, the traditional integral ring parts do not require large ingots and large-tonnage ring rolling equipment, and the manufacturing cost of the ring parts is significantly reduced;

[0023] (2) The present invention also proposes a combined clamping tool suitable for friction stir welding and repair manufacturing of special-section annular parts, which utilizes the self-tightening effect to avoid the requirements of traditional open large-scale tooling, realizes the convenient manufacturing of fast clamping and circumferential compensation adjustment of ring welding, and provides excellent conditions for the precision control of welding shrinkage;

[0024] (3) The present invention also proposes a new process for retractable stir friction welding and repair based on the above-mentioned special-section ring parts and stir friction manufacturing and repair tooling, which realizes the adaptive welding and repair manufacturing of variable thickness of special-section segmented rings. Experiments show that the local connection area of ​​the welded structure of the high-strength aluminum alloy product reaches 90% of the main body strength, achieving high-quality connection of the segmented ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped cross-section annular member of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the special-section annular part and the friction stir manufacturing and repairing tooling of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combined clamping tooling of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The main idea of ​​the present invention is to meet the low-cost and high-performance manufacturing needs of high-strength light alloy special-section connecting rings, propose a connecting ring design scheme suitable for high-performance welding manufacturing, and at the same time carry out special stir friction manufacturing and repair tooling design. Finally, based on the tooling structure, a welding and repair method for special-section connecting rings is proposed.

[0030] Special-shaped cross-section ring 1, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of multiple segmented rings 2 and welds 3 between the segmented rings. The segmented ring 2 has a special-shaped structure 2-1, and the two ends of the outer top are designed with inwardly inclined welding bosses 2-2. The welding bosses 2-2 of two adjacent segmented rings 2 are spliced ​​into a complete boss.

[0031] Friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a combined clamping tool 4 and a retractable stir friction welding tool 5; wherein the combined clamping tool 4 includes an upper clamping device 6, a lower clamping device 7, and a middle clamping device 8, and the inner profile formed after the clamping devices are connected is the same as the outer profile of the segmented ring 2, wherein the top two ends of the upper clamping device 6 are bent inward to form an upper self-clamping groove 6-4, and a welding area upper groove 6-1 is opened in the middle of the self-clamping groove 6-4, and left limiting bosses 6-2 and right limiting bosses 6-3 are arranged on both sides of the welding area upper groove 6-1, which match and fit with the complete boss obtained by splicing the welding bosses 2-2 of the two adjacent segmented rings 2; the bottom two ends of the lower clamping device 7 are bent inward to form a lower self-clamping groove 7-2, and a welding area is opened in the middle of the lower self-clamping groove 7-2. The lower groove 7-1; the upper clamping device 6 and the lower clamping device 7 are designed with clamping bolts, which are used to provide pre-tightening force after the combined clamping tool 4 is assembled with the segmented ring 2 to ensure that the segmented ring 2 does not shift in the annular direction during the stir friction manufacturing and repair process; the stir friction welding tool 5 includes a shoulder 5-2 and a stirring needle 5-1 that can move relative to the shoulder inside the shoulder, and is used to stir friction welding and repair the weld 3; the shoulder 5-2 of the stir friction welding tool 5 is located on the inner surface of the special-section annular part 1, and the stirring needle 5-1 is located in the weld 3, and the weld 3 is welded. Through the relative movement of the stirring needle 5-1 and the shoulder 5-2, it is ensured that the welding depth is consistent with the thickness of the segmented ring 2.

[0032] Preferably, the friction stir welding tool 5 is usually mounted on a robot arm.

[0033] Preferably, the annular member 1 with a special cross-section is suitable for a launch vehicle with a diameter of 5 to 10 meters, and the number of segmented rings 2 is designed to be 6 to 10.

[0034] Preferably, the clamping bolts of the stir friction manufacturing and repair tooling 4 include an upper clamping bolt 9, an inner clamping bolt 10 and an outer clamping bolt 11. The upper clamping bolt 9 is located at the bending part of the upper self-clamping groove 6-4, the inner clamping bolt 10 is located at the bending part of the lower self-clamping groove 7-2, and the outer clamping bolt 11 is located at the lower outer side of the lower clamping device 7.

[0035] Preferably, the upper clamping bolts 9, the inner clamping bolts 10 and the outer clamping bolts 11 are all multiple and symmetrically distributed.

[0036] Preferably, a threaded blind hole is formed on the middle clamp 8 for installing the blind hole upper bolt 12 and the blind hole lower bolt 13 , so that the middle clamp 8 is connected with the upper clamp 6 and the lower clamp 7 as a whole.

[0037] The following describes the segmented welding and repair process and specific implementation methods of special-section connecting rings:

[0038] Step 1: Perform pre-welding assembly and trial docking of the placed segmented rings to ensure that the welding surfaces are consistent in shape and position;

[0039] Step 2: Install the upper clamp 6, and use the left limiting boss 6-2, the right limiting boss 6-3 and the upper self-clamping groove 6-4 to achieve the preliminary assembly and fit of adjacent segmented rings 2;

[0040] Step 3: Install the lower clamp 7, use the lower self-clamping groove 7-2 to achieve the initial assembly and fit of the lower end of the profiled surface of the segmented ring 2, and adjust the circumferential direction to ensure that the center lines of the lower groove 7-1 of the welding area coincide with the center lines of the upper groove 6-1 of the welding area;

[0041] Step 4: Install the middle clamp 8, and use the blind hole upper bolt 12 and the blind hole lower bolt 13 to respectively combine the middle clamp 8 with the upper clamp 6 and the lower clamp 7 into one body;

[0042] Step 5: Use the upper clamping bolt 9, the inner clamping bolt 10, and the outer clamping bolt 11 to apply pre-tightening force to the upper clamping assembly 6 and the lower clamping assembly 7, respectively, to press the segmented ring 2 to be welded, and ensure that there is no circumferential displacement during welding;

[0043] Step 6: Implement welding, using the retractable friction stir welding tool 5, through the relative movement of the stirring needle 5-1 and the shaft shoulder 5-2, to weld the weld, ensuring that the welding depth is consistent with the thickness of the segmented ring 2;

[0044] Step 7: After welding, disassemble the combined clamping tool 4 and perform nondestructive testing on the weld. If repair is required, the weld is still repaired using the retractable friction stir welding tool 5 until the weld passes the nondestructive testing.

[0045] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by way of embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and embodiments that can fall within the scope of the claims of this application all fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0046] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A friction stir manufacturing and repair tool suitable for special-shaped cross-section annular parts, characterized by: The annular member (1) with a special cross-section is composed of a plurality of segmented rings (2) and welds (3) between the segmented rings. The two ends of the outer top of the segmented rings (2) are designed with inwardly inclined welding bosses (2-2). The welding bosses (2-2) of two adjacent segmented rings (2) are spliced ​​into a complete boss. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tool comprises a combined clamping tool (4) and a retractable friction stir welding tool (5); the combined clamping tool (4) comprises an upper clamping device (6), a lower clamping device (7) and a middle clamping device (8); the inner profile formed after the clamping devices are connected is the same as the outer profile of the segmented ring (2); wherein the two ends of the top of the upper clamping device (6) are bent inward to form an upper self-clamping groove (6-4); a welding area upper groove (6-1) is opened in the middle of the self-clamping groove (6-4); left limiting bosses (6-2) and right limiting bosses (6-3) are arranged on both sides of the welding area upper groove (6-1), which are aligned with the welding bosses (2-2) of two adjacent segmented rings (2). ) are matched and fitted to the complete boss obtained by splicing; the two ends of the bottom of the lower clamping device (7) are bent inward to form a lower self-clamping groove (7-2), and a welding zone lower groove (7-1) is opened in the middle of the lower self-clamping groove (7-2); the upper clamping device (6) and the lower clamping device (7) are designed with clamping bolts, which are used to provide pre-tightening force after the combined clamping tool (4) and the segmented ring (2) are assembled to ensure that the segmented ring (2) does not shift in the annular direction during the stir friction manufacturing and repair process; the stir friction welding tool (5) includes a shaft shoulder (5-2) and a stirring needle (5-1) that can move relative to the shaft shoulder inside the shaft shoulder, and is used to stir friction welding and repair the weld (3).

2. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling for special-shaped cross-section annular parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shoulder (5-2) of the friction stir welding tool (5) is located on the inner surface of the special-section annular part (1), and the stirring needle (5-1) is located in the weld (3). The weld (3) is welded, and the relative movement of the stirring needle (5-1) and the shoulder (5-2) ensures that the welding depth is consistent with the thickness of the segmented ring (2).

3. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling for special-shaped cross-section annular parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The friction stir welding tool (5) is mounted on the robot arm.

4. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling for special-shaped cross-section annular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular component (1) with a special-shaped cross section is suitable for launch vehicles with a diameter of 5 to 10 meters.

5. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling for special-shaped cross-section annular parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The number of segmented rings (2) is 6 to 10.

6. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling for irregular cross-section annular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping bolts of the friction stir manufacturing and repairing tool (4) include an upper clamping bolt (9), an inner clamping bolt (10) and an outer clamping bolt (11), wherein the upper clamping bolt (9) is located at the bending part of the upper self-clamping groove (6-4), the inner clamping bolt (10) is located at the bending part of the lower self-clamping groove (7-2), and the outer clamping bolt (11) is located at the lower outer side of the lower clamping device (7).

7. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tooling for irregular cross-section annular parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper clamping bolts (9), the inner clamping bolts (10) and the outer clamping bolts (11) are all multiple and symmetrically distributed.

8. The friction stir manufacturing and repair tool for special-shaped cross-section annular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle clamp (8) is provided with a threaded blind hole for installing an upper blind hole bolt (12) and a lower blind hole bolt (13), so that the middle clamp (8) is connected with the upper clamp (6) and the lower clamp (7) as a whole.

9. A method for friction stir manufacturing and repairing using the friction stir manufacturing and repairing tool for special-shaped cross-section annular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Perform pre-welding assembly and trial docking of the placed segmented rings to ensure that the welding surfaces are consistent in shape and position; Step 2: Install the upper clamp (6), and use the left limiting boss (6-2), the right limiting boss (6-3) and the upper self-clamping groove (6-4) to complete the preliminary assembly and fitting of adjacent segmented rings (2); Step 3: Install the lower clamp (7), use the lower self-clamping groove (7-2) to achieve the initial assembly and fit of the lower end of the segmented ring (2), and make circumferential adjustments to ensure that the center lines of the lower groove (7-1) of the welding area and the upper groove (6-1) of the welding area coincide with each other; Step 4: Install the middle clamp (8), and respectively combine the middle clamp (8) with the upper clamp (6) and the lower clamp (7) into one piece through the blind hole upper bolt (12) and the blind hole lower bolt (13); Step 5: Use clamping bolts to apply pre-tightening force to the upper clamp (6) and the lower clamp (7), and press the segmented ring to be welded (2) to ensure that there is no circumferential displacement during welding; Step 6: Implement welding, using the retractable friction stir welding tool (5), through the relative movement of the stirring needle (5-1) and the shaft shoulder (5-2), to weld the weld, ensuring that the welding depth is consistent with the thickness of the segmented ring (2); Step 7: After welding is completed, the combined clamping tool (4) is disassembled and non-destructive testing of the weld is performed. If repair is required, the weld is still repaired using the retractable friction stir welding tool (5) until the weld passes the non-destructive testing.

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