Automatic clamping device for shaft workpieces

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic clamping device for shaft workpieces, which comprises a rack, a clamping assembly and a control assembly. The control assembly comprises a rotating main shaft rotatingly arranged on the rack, a sliding rod slidingly arranged in the rotating main shaft, and an extension mechanism for driving the sliding rod to slide. The clamping assembly comprises a chuck shell, a jaw assembly for clamping the shaft workpiece and a moving groove block for driving the jaw assembly to clamp or release the shaft workpiece. The jaw assembly comprises a plurality of jaw modules, each of which can slide along the radial direction of the chuck shell, and each of the jaw modules is provided with a fixing pin. The moving groove block is fixedly connected with the sliding rod and can slide along the axial direction, and the moving groove block is provided with a guide plate along the circumferential direction, and each of the guide plates is provided with a guide long groove. When the moving groove block slides, the fixing pin drives the jaw module to slide along the radial direction under the action of the guide long groove. The application can solve the technical problems of poor precision, poor clamping effect and low efficiency of the existing chuck.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pneumatic chuck equipment technology, specifically an automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the characteristics of wheel hub bearings, most bearing parts require induction hardening to meet their operating environment and requirements.

[0003] The fixtures used in the prior art are sleeve-type tooling, which has the following problems.

[0004] First, it has poor versatility. When changing to products of different specifications, it is necessary to change to the corresponding sleeve tooling. This means that in actual production, it is often necessary to change to the appropriate sleeve tooling according to the product specifications, which affects the continuity and efficiency of production.

[0005] Secondly, the clamping accuracy is poor. A certain clearance is required between the wheel hub bearing and the sleeve-type tooling to allow the bearing to be installed. However, due to machining errors in the wheel hub bearing, the clearance is unstable. A small clearance makes it difficult to fit the bearing into the tooling, while a large clearance affects the induction heating effect. In actual use, a large clearance is left between the sleeve-type tooling and the wheel hub bearing positioning area to avoid clamping problems. However, due to this large clearance, the wheel hub bearing will rotate and shift under the electromagnetic force during induction hardening, causing uneven heating and even sparking between the inductor and the workpiece. This can lead to unstable induction heating quality and serious consequences such as inductor damage.

[0006] To achieve better clamping performance using a three-jaw chuck, the following problems exist. First, the internal structure of the finished pneumatic chuck is relatively complex, making it unsuitable for use in environments with eddies, water, or harsh conditions. Second, because the workpiece needs to rotate, the air and electrical circuits for automatic clamping are not easily implemented. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces, which can solve the technical problems of poor chuck accuracy, poor clamping effect, and low production efficiency in existing chucks.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0009] An automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces includes a frame with a drive mechanism, a clamping assembly for clamping shaft-type workpieces, and a control assembly for controlling the clamping assembly to clamp or release the shaft-type workpieces.

[0010] The control components include a rotating spindle rotatably mounted on the frame, a sliding rod coaxially mounted inside the rotating spindle and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the rotating spindle, and a telescopic mechanism for driving the sliding rod to slide. The rotating spindle is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is fixedly mounted on the frame. The telescopic rod of the telescopic mechanism is coaxially rotatably connected to the sliding rod.

[0011] The clamping assembly includes a chuck housing that is fixedly connected coaxially to the rotating spindle. The chuck housing is provided with a jaw assembly for clamping shaft-type workpieces and a moving slot for driving the jaw assembly to clamp or release shaft-type workpieces.

[0012] The jaw assembly includes multiple jaw modules evenly arranged along the circumference of the chuck housing. Each jaw module can slide radially along the chuck housing, and a fixing pin is provided on the jaw module.

[0013] The movable slot block is located inside the chuck housing and can slide along the axial direction of the chuck housing. The movable slot block is fixedly connected to the sliding rod for sliding along the axial direction under the drive of the telescopic mechanism. The movable slot block is uniformly provided with guide plates of the same number as the claw modules along the circumference. Each guide plate is provided with a guide groove for cooperating with the corresponding fixed pin. The axial sliding of the movable slot block can cause the fixed pin to drive the claw module to slide radially under the guidance of the guide groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide plates are all in the same plane as the axis of the chuck housing, and the length direction of the guide groove is at an angle to the axis. The guide plates move away from or closer to the rotating spindle along the axis. Under the guidance of the guide groove, the fixing pin can drive the chuck modules to slide radially closer or separate from each other, thereby achieving the clamping or loosening of shaft workpieces.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary spindle is rotatably connected to the frame via bearings. Deep groove ball bearings and thrust roller bearings are provided between the rotary spindle and the frame to withstand radial and axial forces from the clamping assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, the sliding rod includes a sliding sleeve and a pull rod that are coaxially and fixedly connected. The sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic mechanism, and the pull rod is fixedly connected to the movable groove block.

[0017] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder is coaxially rotatably connected to the sliding rod.

[0018] Furthermore, a gear is provided on the rotating spindle, and the drive mechanism drives the rotating spindle to rotate through the drive gear.

[0019] Furthermore, the chuck module includes a chuck sliding block, a clamping block connecting block, and a chuck clamping block. The chuck sliding block can slide radially along the chuck housing. The chuck sliding block is provided with a fixing pin, and the axis of the fixing pin is perpendicular to the axis of the chuck housing. The fixing pin cooperates with the guide slot on the corresponding guide plate. The chuck clamping block is fixedly connected to the chuck sliding block through the clamping block connecting block and is used to contact the workpiece to be clamped.

[0020] Furthermore, the chuck sliding block has a hollow part in the middle for inserting the guide plate, and the two ends of the fixing pin are fixedly connected to the chuck sliding block. The part of the fixing pin located in the hollow part passes through the guide groove and cooperates with the guide groove.

[0021] Furthermore, the chuck housing includes a chuck base, a chuck sliding block base, and a chuck end seat, which are coaxially and fixedly connected in sequence. The chuck base is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating spindle to enable the chuck housing to rotate synchronously with the rotating spindle. The moving slot block is located inside the chuck base and can slide along the axial direction of the chuck base. The chuck base is also uniformly provided with an axial guide slot in the circumferential direction, the same number as the guide plate, for enabling the guide plate to slide along its axial direction. The chuck sliding block base is uniformly provided with a radial guide slot in the circumferential direction, the same number as the chuck sliding block, for enabling the chuck sliding block to slide along its radial direction. The chuck end seat is used to surround the clamping block connecting block and the chuck clamping block to prevent the moving parts from being directly exposed and causing accidents.

[0022] Furthermore, the clamping block connecting block and the chuck sliding block are adjustable and fixedly connected, and the chuck clamping block and the clamping block connecting block are adjustable and fixedly connected. Both the clamping block connecting block and the chuck clamping block can be adjusted in position radially along the chuck housing to increase the applicable workpiece diameter range.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The clamping device in this invention uses three jaw modules to simultaneously approach or separate, realizing the clamping and releasing of shaft-type workpieces. It can adapt to a large diameter range, the clamping operation is convenient, and the application range is wide.

[0025] 2. The present invention uses a three-grip chuck for clamping, which has the advantages of self-centering, high precision, and stable and reliable clamping.

[0026] 3. In this invention, the clamping and loosening are achieved by driving the chuck modules to move closer and further apart using a cylinder, which enables automatic clamping, making operation convenient and efficient.

[0027] 4. In this invention, the cylinder is fixed on the frame and does not rotate with the clamping assembly, making the control air path setting more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention (frame omitted).

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the present invention (frame omitted).

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram (frame omitted).

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram from another perspective (frame omitted).

[0033] Figure Descriptions: 1. Frame; 2. Clamping Assembly; 21. Chuck Housing; 211. Chuck Base; 212. Sliding Block Base; 213. Chuck End Seat; 22. Moving Slot Block; 221. Guide Plate; 222. Guide Long Slot; 23. Claw Module; 231. Chuck Sliding Block; 232. Clamping Block Connecting Block; 233. Chuck Clamping Block; 24. Fixing Pin; 3. Control Assembly; 31. Rotary Spindle; 311. Gear; 32. Sliding Rod; 321. Sliding Sleeve; 322. Pull Rod; 33. Telescopic Mechanism; 331. Telescopic Rod. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the features and performance of an automatic clamping device for shaft workpieces of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Please see the appendix Figures 1-5 An automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces includes a frame 1 with a drive mechanism, a clamping assembly 2 for clamping shaft-type workpieces, and a control assembly 3 for controlling the clamping assembly 2 to clamp or release the shaft-type workpieces.

[0037] The control assembly 3 includes a rotating spindle 31 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, a sliding rod 32 coaxially mounted within the rotating spindle 31 and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the rotating spindle 31, and a telescopic mechanism 33 for driving the sliding rod 32 to slide. The rotating spindle 31 is driven to rotate by a drive mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism 33 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1. The telescopic rod of the telescopic mechanism 33 is coaxially rotatably connected to the sliding rod 32.

[0038] In a specific configuration, a gear 311 is provided on the rotating spindle 31, and the drive mechanism drives the rotating spindle 31 to rotate through the drive gear 311. The rotating spindle 31 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through bearings, and a deep groove ball bearing and a thrust roller bearing are provided between the rotating spindle 31 and the frame 1 to withstand the radial and axial forces from the clamping assembly 2.

[0039] The sliding rod 32 includes a sliding sleeve 321 and a pull rod 322 that are coaxially fixedly connected. The sliding sleeve 321 is coaxially rotatably connected to the telescopic rod 331 of the telescopic mechanism 33, and the pull rod 322 is fixedly connected to the moving groove block 22.

[0040] The telescopic mechanism 33 is a cylinder, and the telescopic rod 331 of the cylinder and the sliding rod 32 are connected by bearings for coaxial rotation.

[0041] The clamping assembly 2 includes a chuck housing 21 that is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating spindle 31. The chuck housing 21 is provided with a jaw assembly for clamping shaft-type workpieces and a moving slot block 22 for driving the jaw assembly to clamp or release shaft-type workpieces.

[0042] The jaw assembly includes a plurality of jaw modules 23 evenly arranged circumferentially along the chuck housing 21. Each jaw module 23 is capable of sliding radially along the chuck housing 21, and a fixing pin 24 is provided on each jaw module 23. The number of jaw modules 23 can be specifically set according to actual needs. Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of jaw modules 23 is three.

[0043] The movable slot block 22 is disposed within the chuck housing 21 and can slide along the axial direction of the chuck housing 21. The movable slot block 22 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 32 for sliding axially under the drive of the telescopic mechanism 33. The movable slot block 22 is provided with a number of guide plates 221 evenly distributed circumferentially, the same number as the number of claw modules 23. Since there are 3 claw modules 23, in this embodiment, the number of guide plates 221 is also 3. Each guide plate 221 is provided with a guide groove 222 for cooperating with the corresponding fixing pin 24. The axial sliding of the movable slot block 22 allows the fixing pin 24 to drive the claw module 23 to slide radially under the guidance of the guide groove 222.

[0044] In the specific configuration, the guide plates 221 are all in the same plane as the axis of the chuck housing 21, and the length direction of the guide groove 222 is at an angle to the axis. The guide plates 221 move away from or closer to the rotating spindle 31 along the axial direction. Under the guidance of the guide groove 222, the fixing pins 24 can drive the jaw modules 23 to slide radially closer or further apart, thereby clamping or releasing shaft-type workpieces.

[0045] The chuck module 23 includes a chuck sliding block 231, a clamping block connecting block 232, and a chuck clamping block 233. The chuck sliding block 231 can slide radially along the chuck housing 21. The chuck sliding block 231 is provided with a fixing pin 24, and the axis of the fixing pin 24 is perpendicular to the axis of the chuck housing 21. The fixing pin 24 cooperates with the guide slot 222 on the corresponding guide plate 221. The chuck clamping block 233 is fixedly connected to the chuck sliding block 231 through the clamping block connecting block 232 for contacting the workpiece to be clamped.

[0046] The chuck sliding block 231 has a hollow part in the middle for inserting the guide plate 221. The two ends of the fixing pin 24 are fixedly connected to the chuck sliding block 231. The part of the fixing pin 24 located in the hollow part passes through the guide groove 222 and cooperates with the guide groove 222.

[0047] The chuck housing 21 includes a chuck base 211, a chuck sliding block base 212, and a chuck end seat 213, which are coaxially fixedly connected in sequence. The chuck base 211 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating spindle 31 to enable the chuck housing 21 to rotate synchronously with the rotating spindle 31. The movable slot block 22 is disposed within the chuck base 211 and can slide along the axial direction of the chuck base 211. The chuck base 211 is also provided with an axial guide slot of the same number as the guide plate 221, which is used to allow the guide plate 221 to slide along its axial direction. The chuck sliding block base 212 is provided with a radial guide slot of the same number as the chuck sliding block 231, which is used to allow the chuck sliding block 231 to slide along its radial direction. The chuck end seat 213 is used to surround the clamping block connecting block 232 and the chuck clamping block 233 to prevent the moving parts from being directly exposed and causing accidents.

[0048] In practice, the control drive mechanism stops the rotation of the main spindle 31 and the clamping assembly 2. The control cylinder retracts the telescopic rod 331, which, through the sliding rod 32, pulls the moving slot block 22 to slide along the axial direction of the chuck housing 21 towards the main spindle 31.

[0049] The guide plate 221 slides along the axial guide groove on the chuck base 211 with the moving slot block 22. Since the chuck sliding block 231 can only slide radially along the chuck housing 21 and cannot slide axially, the fixing pin 24 drives the chuck sliding block 231 to slide away from the axis of the chuck housing 21 along the radial guide groove on the chuck sliding block base 212 under the push of the guide groove 222. The clamping block connecting block 232 and the chuck clamping block 233 slide synchronously with the chuck sliding block base 212.

[0050] The three jaw modules 23 move away from the axis synchronously, causing the chuck clamping block 233 to open and insert the workpiece to be clamped.

[0051] After the workpiece is placed in position, the control cylinder extends the telescopic rod 331. The telescopic rod 331 pushes the moving slot block 22 to slide away from the rotating spindle 31 along the axial direction of the chuck housing 21 via the sliding rod 32.

[0052] The guide plate 221 slides with the moving slot block 22. Under the push of the guide slot 222, the fixing pin 24 drives the chuck sliding block 231 to slide towards the axis of the chuck housing 21. The clamping block connecting block 232 and the chuck clamping block 233 slide synchronously with the chuck sliding block base 212.

[0053] The three jaw modules 23 move synchronously toward the axis, so that the three chuck blocks 233 clamp the workpiece to be held together.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Unlike Embodiment 1, in Embodiment 2, the clamping block connecting block 232 and the chuck sliding block 231 are adjustable and fixedly connected, and the chuck clamping block 233 and the clamping block connecting block 232 are adjustable and fixedly connected. Both the clamping block connecting block 232 and the chuck clamping block 233 can be adjusted in position along the radial direction of the chuck housing 21 to increase the applicable workpiece diameter range.

[0056] In a specific configuration, the clamping block connecting block 232 has multiple sets of bolt holes along the radial direction of the chuck housing 21 at the position where it connects with the chuck sliding block 231. The chuck clamping block 233 also has multiple sets of bolt holes along the radial direction of the chuck housing 21 at the position where it connects with the clamping block connecting block 232. By connecting with bolt holes at different positions, the position can be adjusted in the radial direction, thereby adjusting the applicable diameter range of the clamping assembly 2.

[0057] It should be noted that the parts not described in detail in this solution are all prior art. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces, comprising a frame (1) equipped with a drive mechanism, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping assembly (2) for clamping shaft-type workpieces and a control assembly (3) for controlling the clamping assembly (2) to clamp or release the shaft-type workpieces. The control component (3) includes a rotating spindle (31) rotatably mounted on the frame (1), a sliding rod (32) coaxially mounted inside the rotating spindle (31) and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the rotating spindle (31), and a telescopic mechanism (33) for driving the sliding rod (32) to slide. The rotating spindle (31) is driven to rotate by the drive mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism (33) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1). The telescopic rod of the telescopic mechanism (33) is coaxially rotatably connected to the sliding rod (32). The clamping assembly (2) includes a chuck housing (21) coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating spindle (31). The chuck housing (21) is provided with a jaw assembly for clamping shaft-type workpieces and a moving slot (22) for driving the jaw assembly to clamp or release shaft-type workpieces. The jaw assembly includes multiple jaw modules (23) evenly arranged around the chuck housing (21). Each jaw module (23) can slide radially along the chuck housing (21), and a fixing pin (24) is provided on the jaw module (23). The movable slot block (22) is located inside the chuck housing (21) and can slide along the axial direction of the chuck housing (21). The movable slot block (22) is fixedly connected to the sliding rod (32) for sliding along the axial direction under the drive of the telescopic mechanism (33). The movable slot block (22) is uniformly provided with guide plates (221) in the circumferential direction, the same number as the claw module (23). The guide plates (221) are provided with guide slots (222) for cooperating with the corresponding fixing pins (24). The axial sliding of the movable slot block (22) can cause the fixing pins (24) to drive the claw module (23) to slide radially under the guidance of the guide slots (222).

2. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plates (221) are all in the same plane as the axis of the chuck housing (21), and the length direction of the guide groove (222) is at an angle with the axis. The guide plates (221) move away from or closer to the rotating spindle (31) along the axis. Under the guidance of the guide groove (222), the fixing pin (24) can drive the claw module (23) to slide radially closer or separate from each other, thereby achieving clamping or loosening of shaft workpieces.

3. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating spindle (31) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) via bearings. A deep groove ball bearing and a thrust roller bearing are provided between the rotating spindle (31) and the frame (1) to withstand the radial and axial forces from the clamping assembly (2).

4. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding rod (32) includes a sliding sleeve (321) and a pull rod (322) that are coaxially fixedly connected. The sliding sleeve (321) is coaxially rotatably connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic mechanism (33), and the pull rod (322) is fixedly connected to the moving slot block (22).

5. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (33) is a cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder is coaxially and rotatably connected to the sliding rod (32).

6. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating spindle (31) is equipped with a gear (311), and the drive mechanism drives the rotating spindle (31) to rotate through the drive gear (311).

7. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck module (23) includes a chuck sliding block (231), a clamping block connecting block (232), and a chuck clamping block (233). The chuck sliding block (231) can slide radially along the chuck housing (21). The chuck sliding block (231) is provided with a fixing pin (24), and the axis of the fixing pin (24) is perpendicular to the axis of the chuck housing (21). The fixing pin (24) cooperates with the guide groove (222) on the corresponding guide plate (221). The chuck clamping block (233) is fixedly connected to the chuck sliding block (231) through the clamping block connecting block (232) and is used to contact the workpiece to be clamped.

8. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The chuck slide block (231) has a hollow part in the middle for inserting the guide plate (221). The two ends of the fixing pin (24) are fixedly connected to the chuck slide block (231). The part of the fixing pin (24) located in the hollow part passes through the guide groove (222) and cooperates with the guide groove (222).

9. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The chuck housing (21) includes a chuck base (211), a chuck sliding block base (212), and a chuck end seat (213) that are coaxially fixedly connected in sequence. The chuck base (211) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating spindle (31) to enable the chuck housing (21) to rotate synchronously with the rotating spindle (31). The moving slot block (22) is located inside the chuck base (211) and can slide along the axial direction of the chuck base (211). The chuck base (211) is also uniformly provided with an axial guide slot in the circumferential direction, which is the same number as the guide plate (221) for enabling the guide plate (221) to slide along its axial direction. The chuck sliding block base (212) is uniformly provided with a radial guide slot in the circumferential direction, which is the same number as the chuck sliding block (231) for enabling the chuck sliding block (231) to slide along its radial direction. The chuck end seat (213) is used to surround the clamping block connecting block (232) and the chuck clamping block (233) to prevent the moving parts from being directly exposed and causing accidents.

10. The automatic clamping device for shaft-type workpieces as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping block connecting block (232) and the chuck sliding block (231) are adjustable and fixedly connected. The chuck clamping block (233) and the clamping block connecting block (232) are adjustable and fixedly connected. Both the clamping block connecting block (232) and the chuck clamping block (233) can be adjusted in position along the radial direction of the chuck housing (21) to increase the applicable workpiece diameter range.

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