Device and system for planting submerged plants with symbiotic fish and grass in fish breeding pond and purifying water quality

Abstract

The invention discloses a fish and grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water quality purification device and system for a culture fishpond, and relates to the technical field of water treatment and ecological restoration. An opening is formed in the top of the water-permeable outer cylinder, a plurality of supporting rods are fixed to the outer side of the water-permeable outer cylinder, and the bottom ends of the supporting rods are all lower than the bottom face of the water-permeable outer cylinder; the water seepage inner cylinder is arranged on the lower portion of the inner side of the water permeable outer cylinder, and breeding filler is arranged on the inner side of the water seepage inner cylinder. According to the system, the device is placed in a fishpond, the supporting rods are inserted into bottom mud at the bottom of the fishpond, and submerged plants are planted in the breeding filler. According to the submerged plant planting and water quality purifying device and system applied to fishpond water quality purification, in order to solve the problems that fish and grass in a culture pond cannot coexist, and nitrogen and phosphorus elements are excessively enriched and are low in removal efficiency, growth and reproduction of submerged plants are effectively protected through the bamboo planting barrels, and the coupling effect of plants, biochar and microorganisms is constructed; the nitrogen and phosphorus loads of aquaculture water are synergistically reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water body management and ecological restoration, and more specifically to a submerged plant planting and water purification device and system for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond. Background Art

[0002] Excessive nitrogen and phosphorus loads in aquaculture water are the main causes of water quality deterioration and the decline in the quality of fishery products. Therefore, the research and development of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient reduction technology for fish pond aquaculture water and the improvement of the self-purification capacity of aquaculture water are key means to achieve green and healthy aquaculture. Aquatic plant restoration is an important means to achieve ecological restoration of the water environment. It promotes the reduction of nitrogen load in water quality through root nitrogen adsorption and matrix microbial enrichment. Planting submerged plants can effectively promote the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus in water quality, improve water quality, and thus promote the quality of fishery products. However, due to the behavior of fish such as gnawing, disturbing, and making nests, they are highly destructive to aquatic plants in the same water body, and aquatic plants are often difficult to take root and survive in aquaculture ponds. Therefore, if the aquaculture water pollution remediation technology is carried out by planting submerged plants in aquaculture ponds, how to ensure the survival rate of submerged plants, prevent fish from destroying their growth and reproduction, and promote their water purification efficiency will become the key difficulty restricting this restoration technology.

[0003] So far, there are few efficient technical means to achieve "fish-grass symbiosis" in fish ponds, which seriously restricts the application of submerged plants in aquaculture water pollution control. Some methods achieve "fish-grass symbiosis" by dividing plant planting areas and fish farming areas in fish ponds. This technology avoids the destructive effects of fish on plants such as gnawing and disturbance, and protects the growth and expansion of submerged plants. However, on the one hand, this technology occupies a large amount of aquaculture area, seriously affecting the aquaculture benefits. On the other hand, the project cost is high, maintenance is difficult, and it is difficult to popularize and promote.

[0004] The prior art provides a fish-grass symbiotic ecological floating bed and a method for raising fish (patent number 201710052386.4). The ecological floating bed disclosed in this invention is: in the pond, from top to bottom, the fence net, floating bed and net cage are connected in sequence to form a semi-enclosed whole; water grass is planted in the net cage. However, this solution is difficult to maintain and has high management costs, and it is necessary to regularly adjust the buoyancy of the floating bed and clean the net cage regularly.

[0005] Another prior art provides a fish-grass symbiotic device for a fish pond (patent number 202322443291.9): This patent specifically discloses a fish-grass symbiotic device for a fish pond, including an infiltration enclosure that is arranged in a fish pond and divides the fish pond into an ecological zone and a breeding zone, the infiltration enclosure includes a base located at the bottom of the fish pond, a connecting plate located above the water surface of the breeding pond, and a number of support columns symmetrically arranged between the connecting plate and the base, and permeable gabions located between the ecological zone and the breeding zone are symmetrically arranged between the support columns, and the permeable gabions are each provided with a number of through holes that allow water to flow through, and a number of meshes are detachably connected between the permeable gabions. However, this solution divides the fish pond into a breeding zone and an aquatic plant planting zone, which occupies a large amount of breeding area, and the breeding benefits are damaged; and the project is large in quantity, high in cost, and high in later maintenance costs.

[0006] There is also a floating island device for fish-grass symbiosis in micro water bodies provided in the prior art (patent number is 202222356935.6), which relates to a floating island device for fish-grass symbiosis in micro water bodies. It includes a cultivation box, a float, a protective assembly and a circulating water pump. The top of the float is fixed with a cultivation box, the bottom of the float is fixed with a protective assembly, the lower part of the float is fixed with a circulating water pump, the water inlet of the circulating water pump is equipped with an inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe extends to the lower part of the protective assembly, and the water outlet of the circulating water pump is equipped with an outlet pipe, which extends into the cultivation box. However, this solution has a complex structure, is difficult to assemble, and is costly, so it is not easy to popularize; and it is only suitable for the cultivation of emergent plants, not for the cultivation of submerged plants, and has limited purification function.

[0007] Therefore, how to achieve "fish-grass symbiosis" and green and healthy farming in fish ponds, and to provide a fish pond aquatic plant planting and water purification device, is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a submerged plant planting and water purification device and system for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond, comprising:

[0011] A water-permeable outer cylinder, the top of which is open, a plurality of support rods are fixed to the outside of the water-permeable outer cylinder, and the bottom ends of the plurality of support rods are all lower than the bottom surface of the water-permeable outer cylinder;

[0012] The water-permeable inner cylinder is arranged at the inner lower part of the water-permeable outer cylinder, and the inner side of the water-permeable inner cylinder is provided with aquaculture fillers.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond, the water-permeable outer cylinder is a bamboo cylinder structure made of bamboo strips with an open top and a closed bottom.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification device for aquaculture ponds, a plurality of reinforcement rings are fixed to the outer wall of the water-permeable outer cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification device for aquaculture ponds, the reinforcement ring is a galvanized iron wire ring.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification device for aquaculture ponds, the top end of the support rod is higher than the top edge of the permeable outer cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification device for aquaculture ponds, the water seepage inner cylinder is made of graphite felt material.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification device for aquaculture ponds, the aquaculture filler consists of oyster shells and granular biochar.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification device for aquaculture ponds, the support rod is a bamboo pole, and is fixedly connected to the permeable outer cylinder by binding.

[0020] The present invention also provides a submerged plant planting and water purification system for fish-grass symbiosis in aquaculture ponds. The above-mentioned submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in aquaculture ponds is placed in the fish pond, the support rod is inserted into the bottom mud at the bottom of the fish pond, and submerged plants are planted in the aquaculture filler.

[0021] Preferably, in the above-mentioned fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification system for aquaculture fish ponds, the top edge of the permeable outer cylinder is higher than the water level line of the fish pond.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a submerged plant planting and water purification device and system for fish-grass symbiosis in aquaculture ponds, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention is a device and system for planting submerged plants and purifying water used in fish ponds. It aims to solve the problems that fish and grass cannot coexist in aquaculture ponds and that the removal efficiency of excessive nitrogen and phosphorus elements is low. The growth and reproduction of submerged plants are effectively protected by bamboo planting tubes, and the coupling effect of plants, biochar and microorganisms is constructed to synergistically reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus loads in aquaculture water.

[0024] 2. To address the problem that fish and grass cannot coexist, the present invention uses bamboo to construct a high-strength protective device, which puts an end to destructive behaviors such as fish gnawing and nesting, while ensuring water exchange, ensuring that plants and microorganisms play a role, and realizing "fish and grass symbiosis".

[0025] 3. In order to solve the problems of high cost and low cost performance of existing water purification devices, the present invention adopts cheap, lightweight and durable bamboo materials such as bamboo strips and bamboo poles, as well as biochar prepared from straw waste and oyster shells from aquatic waste to construct a device, so as to "use waste to treat pollution" and achieve low-cost and high-efficiency water purification in aquaculture ponds.

[0026] 4. Since the main materials and fillers are cheap and easy to obtain, when the purification device has problems such as filler aging and blockage after long-term operation, the filler can be simply replaced or a new device can be directly replaced. The construction difficulty is small and the maintenance cost is low.

[0027] 5. The present invention aims to solve the problem of low denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency in aquaculture water bodies with extremely high nitrogen and phosphorus loads and seriously unbalanced carbon-nitrogen ratios. It improves the carbon-nitrogen ratio by means of plant carbon secretion, biochar slow-release carbon, and biofilm carbon fixation, promotes microbial metabolic activities, and reduces the nitrogen and phosphorus loads in aquaculture water bodies.

[0028] 6. The present invention aims to solve the problems of slow growth rate of aquatic plants and low nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption efficiency by releasing silicon through biochar, promoting the reproduction and growth of submerged plants, and improving plant survival rate and plant nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the structure of a submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a water-permeable outer cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a front view of the water-permeable outer cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the water seepage inner cylinder provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a fish pond fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification system provided by the present invention.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1-water-permeable outer cylinder;

[0037] 11- support rod; 12- reinforcement ring;

[0038] 2- Water seepage inner cylinder;

[0039] 3-Aquaculture filler;

[0040] 4- Fish pond;

[0041] 41- bottom mud; 42- water level;

[0042] 5- Submerged plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond, comprising:

[0046] A water-permeable outer cylinder 1, the top of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 is open, a plurality of support rods 11 are fixed to the outside of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1, and the bottom ends of the plurality of support rods 11 are all lower than the bottom surface of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1;

[0047] The water-permeable inner cylinder 2 is arranged at the inner lower part of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1, and aquaculture fillers 3 are arranged on the inner side of the water-permeable inner cylinder 2.

[0048] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 is a bamboo cylinder structure made of bamboo strips with an open top and a closed bottom.

[0049] In this embodiment, the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 is made of bamboo strips with a width of 3-5 cm and a hole size of 1 cm, allowing water to flow freely. The diameter of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 is 0.5 m.

[0050] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, a plurality of reinforcement rings 12 are fixed to the outer wall of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 .

[0051] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the reinforcement ring 12 is a galvanized iron wire ring.

[0052] In this embodiment, the reinforcement ring 12 is made of galvanized iron wire with a diameter of 2-4 mm, which is tied around the wall of the water-permeable outer tube 1 to form a circle, with the number of circles being 3-5 per planting tube, evenly distributed on the tube wall to ensure the physical strength of the planting tube.

[0053] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the top end of the support rod 11 is higher than the top edge of the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 .

[0054] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the water seepage inner cylinder 2 is made of graphite felt material.

[0055] In this embodiment, the water seepage inner cylinder 2 uses graphite felt with a thickness of 10 mm and a length × width = 0.5 m × 3.14 m as the inner cylinder wall, which is tightly wrapped with the aquaculture filler against the outer cylinder wall; the graphite felt preferably has a surface area of ​​400-1350 g / m 2 , a material with a carbon content of 98% and a porosity of 90%; graphite felt, as a porous material, not only ensures the wrapping of the filler, but also does not affect the exchange of water vapor and elements, and can block large particles of suspended matter from entering the filler, thereby effectively delaying the clogging of the filler, but also provides a site for microbial fixation. In addition, it is rich in carbon and is also a potential source of carbon source required by microorganisms.

[0056] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the aquaculture filler 3 is composed of oyster shells and granular biochar.

[0057] In this embodiment, the aquaculture filler 3 is composed of oyster shells and granular biochar in a weight ratio of 9.5:0.5, and the landfill depth is about 0.5m; the irregular shape of the oyster shells forms a large number of gaps, providing growth space for plant roots, and the porous structure of the oyster shells has a strong adsorption capacity, which can effectively adsorb a large amount of suspended particles in the water, while providing attachment sites for microorganisms and promoting the formation of biofilms; the porous structure of biochar has a similar effect, and the biochar continuously releases carbon source, providing sufficient carbon source for microorganisms and promoting the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal; in addition, biochar slowly releases silicon, promotes the growth of submerged plants, and enhances the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption efficiency of plants.

[0058] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the support rod 11 is made of a bamboo pole and is fixedly connected to the water-permeable outer cylinder 1 by binding.

[0059] In this embodiment, the support rod 11 is composed of a bamboo pole with a diameter of 8-10 cm and a length exceeding the height of the planting tube by 30-40 cm. The excess part is inserted into the bottom mud 41 of the fish pond 4. There are 4 rods / planting tube to ensure that the planting tube has sufficient strength to resist the shear force of the water flow.

[0060] Embodiment 2:

[0061] See attached Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a submerged plant planting and water purification system for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond. A submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond according to embodiment 1 is placed in a fish pond 4, a support rod 11 is inserted into the bottom mud 41 at the bottom of the fish pond 4, and submerged plants 5 are planted in the aquaculture filler 3.

[0062] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the top edge of the permeable outer cylinder 1 is higher than the water level 42 of the fish pond 4 .

[0063] In this embodiment, when the submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond is placed in a fish pond 4 for use, the height of the permeable outer cylinder 1 is 20 cm above the average water level of the fish pond 4 .

[0064] In this embodiment, the submerged plants 5 are selected from common submerged plants with well-developed root systems and efficient water purification functions, such as Vallisneria, Hydrilla, Duckweed, etc., and their seedlings are planted in the planting tube. On the one hand, they absorb high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus in the aquaculture water through their roots, and on the other hand, they secrete active carbon sources to promote the growth of microorganisms and enhance the denitrification and phosphorus removal functions.

[0065] The effects of the fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification system provided in this embodiment include:

[0066] 1. Effectively protect the growth and reproduction of submerged plants in fish ponds and achieve "fish-grass symbiosis".

[0067] 2. Efficiently promote the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture water and promote water purification.

[0068] 3. Small footprint, low cost, easy implementation, high efficiency and low maintenance.

[0069] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0070] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond, characterized in that: include: A water-permeable outer cylinder (1), the top of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1) is open, a plurality of support rods (11) are fixed to the outside of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1), and the bottom ends of the plurality of support rods (11) are all lower than the bottom surface of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1); A water-permeable inner cylinder (2), wherein the water-permeable inner cylinder (2) is arranged at the lower inner part of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1), and a breeding filler (3) is arranged on the inner side of the water-permeable inner cylinder (2).

2. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-permeable outer cylinder (1) is a bamboo cylinder structure made of bamboo strips with an open top and a closed bottom.

3. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water in fish ponds with fish-grass symbiosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcement rings (12) are fixed to the outer wall of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1).

4. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcement ring (12) is a galvanized iron wire ring.

5. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the support rod (11) is higher than the top edge of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1).

6. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water in fish ponds with fish-grass symbiosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water seepage inner cylinder (2) is made of graphite felt material.

7. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water in fish ponds with fish-grass symbiosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquaculture filler (3) consists of oyster shells and granular biochar.

8. The device for planting submerged plants and purifying water in fish ponds with fish-grass symbiosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (11) is a bamboo pole and is fixedly connected to the water-permeable outer cylinder (1) by binding.

9. A fish pond fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification system, characterized in that: A submerged plant planting and water purification device for fish-grass symbiosis in a fish pond according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is placed in a fish pond (4), the support rod (11) is inserted into the bottom mud (41) at the bottom of the fish pond (4), and submerged plants (5) are planted in the aquaculture filler (3).

10. A fish pond fish-grass symbiotic submerged plant planting and water purification system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top edge of the water-permeable outer cylinder (1) is higher than the water level (42) of the fish pond (4).

Images