One-way moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically regulating infrared radiation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of one-way wetting flocking fabric of dynamic regulation and control infrared radiation and preparation method, the fabric includes base cloth, flocking fluff and thermal radiation material;The side of the base cloth is modified by implanting flocking fluff, then spraying phenol ammonium solution on the side of flocking fluff, and coating thermal radiation material;The material of the base cloth is hydrophobic fabric, and the material of the flocking fluff is hydrophilic and water-swellable material.The one-way wetting flocking fabric prepared in the present application can regulate thermal radiation characteristics according to humidity change, while solving the problem of human body's wet discomfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of textiles, textile chemistry and dyeing and finishing engineering, and specifically relates to a unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing frequency of extreme weather events globally, human thermal regulation is crucial for thermal comfort, health, and work efficiency. Statistics show that nearly 20% of total electricity consumption is used for building and space thermal regulation via air conditioning and electric fans, resulting in enormous energy consumption and a crisis. While various thermal management devices have been developed, such as electrically heated wearable devices or thermoelectric equipment, they still require additional power and are often too bulky and uncomfortable to wear.

[0003] Passive radiative cooling is a zero-energy and environmentally friendly strategy. Radiative cooling materials spontaneously cool objects by reflecting long-wave infrared (LWIR) light into outer space through atmospheric transparency windows (8-13 μm) and high solar radiation (0.3-2.5 μm). Conversely, passive radiative heating is achieved through high solar absorptivity and low infrared emissivity. A key design element for radiative cooling and heating materials is combining the material's inherent properties with structural photonics engineering to achieve a selective response to light, thereby controlling radiative cooling and heating performance. However, these materials are typically static, with a single purpose of cooling or heating, and cannot adapt to constantly changing environments and weather conditions. Therefore, achieving these two contradictory properties within the same material is both crucial and challenging.

[0004] Dual-mode fabrics are considered novel fabrics capable of radiative cooling and heating within the same textile. Hsu et al. embedded a double-layer emitter within an infrared-transparent nanoporous polyethylene layer, controlling the fabric's thickness on both sides. When the high-emissivity layer faces the environment, the high emissivity of the outer layer and the high heat transfer coefficient resulting from the shorter distance between the emitter and the skin put the fabric in cooling mode. Conversely, when the low-emissivity layer faces outward, the increased distance between the emitter and the skin leads to a decrease in thermal conductivity, putting the fabric in heating mode. Ding et al. developed a dual-mode leather-like nanotextile with an asymmetric wrinkled photonic microstructure using a one-step electrospinning technique. It consists of a cooling layer formed by electrospinning polyurethane (PU) / alumina / hydrophilic reagent, and a heating layer formed by electrospinning PU / conductive carbon black / hydrophobic agent. In cooling mode, the cooling layer faces the external environment, minimizing solar heat input through strong solar reflectivity and maximizing heat dissipation through high infrared emissivity, achieving highly efficient radiative cooling performance. With the synergistic effect of sweat release, the cooling mode can keep the body cool and dry on hot, sunny days. When textiles are flipped over, the heating layer faces outwards, allowing them to absorb a significant amount of solar radiation. Furthermore, their low infrared emissivity reduces heat loss, resulting in effective radiative heating. However, adjusting thermal comfort through manual, mechanical flipping is not only cumbersome and laborious but also suffers from temperature lag. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop textiles capable of dynamically adjusting their thermal radiation characteristics based on external environmental conditions or human needs.

[0005] Adaptive adjustment of the optical channel based on thermal discomfort can fundamentally improve the functionality of clothing systems. Zhang et al. designed an infrared adaptive textile using bimorphic fibers composed of hydrophobic triacetate and hydrophilic cellulose as the base polymer material. They simply coated a knitted fabric woven from these bimorphic fibers with few-walled carbon nanotubes using a solution-like dyeing method. Due to the competition between hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties, the bimorphic fibers can drive the fiber spacing to change with relative humidity. In high temperature / humidity, the yarn collapses, bringing adjacent fibers closer together, causing resonant electromagnetic coupling. This coupling alters the textile's emissivity to better match the body's thermal radiation, effectively enhancing heat exchange. In cold / dry conditions, the yarn responds in the opposite way to reduce heat loss. Although this fabric can adaptively manage heat according to external conditions, the issue of discomfort caused by sweating remains to be addressed, and the fiber preparation process is complex and difficult to achieve efficiently.

[0006] One-way moisture wicking technology, which aims to provide a drier and cooler microenvironment for the human body, has garnered increasing attention. The most prominent feature of one-way moisture-wicking materials is their asymmetric wetting gradient. This asymmetric structure causes an imbalance in the forces acting on the liquid, leading to spontaneous movement. Constructing conical structures or three-dimensional channels based on the wetting gradient can further increase the Laplace pressure difference of the liquid, thereby improving one-way moisture wicking performance. Dai et al. achieved directional liquid transport by embedding an array of conical micropores with a hydrophilic inner surface within textiles with a wetting gradient. When a hydrophobic polyester layer with large-aperture hydrophilic conical micropores comes into contact with a liquid, the fabric can pump the liquid through the hydrophilic conical micropores to the superhydrophilic nitrocellulose layer, thus eliminating the discomfort caused by sweat. However, while achieving directional sweat transport, techniques for adaptively controlling the thermal radiation properties of textiles have not yet been developed.

[0007] Electrostatic flocking fabrics are fabrics in which flocked fibers are implanted onto the surface of a fabric coated with flocking adhesive using high-voltage electrostatics, causing the fibers to form a vertically arranged structure on the surface. Currently, most electrostatic flocked fabrics are used for heat insulation and sound absorption, and no patents or literature have been published specifically for unidirectional moisture wicking. Furthermore, no adaptive heat radiation control technology based on the unidirectional moisture wicking properties of electrostatic flocked fabrics has been developed. This technology faces the following key issues: (1) While the flocking adhesive firmly binds the flocked fibers, it also blocks the pores of the fabric, thus closing the channels for reverse moisture transport. Therefore, how to balance the bonding strength of the flocked fibers and the overall unidirectional moisture wicking performance of the fabric is one of the key issues that needs to be addressed; (2) Traditional flocked fabrics have a fixed structure and cannot automatically adjust their thermal performance according to changes in the external environment, making it difficult to achieve thermal comfort in variable environments; (3) Even if the structure of the flocked fabric is variable, how to maintain the original unidirectional moisture wicking performance also needs to be considered; (4) The fabric should maintain its original heat radiation characteristics after multiple structural changes and sweat immersion. Therefore, the heat radiation control material and the fabric should have a good bonding strength. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrostatic flocked fabric that can adjust the thermal radiation characteristics of the fabric according to the changes in humidity, while solving the problem of human discomfort caused by dampness.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation. The fabric includes a base fabric, flocked fibers, and a thermal radiation material. One side of the base fabric is modified by implanting flocked fibers, and then a phenolic ammonium solution is sprayed onto the flocked fiber side, followed by coating with the thermal radiation material. The base fabric is made of a hydrophobic material, and the flocked fibers are made of a hydrophilic and water-absorbing swelling material.

[0010] The base fabric is a woven, knitted, or nonwoven structure.

[0011] Preferably, the base fabric is made of polyester, nylon, polylactic acid, acrylic, polypropylene, or aramid.

[0012] More preferably, the base fabric is woven polyester.

[0013] Preferably, the flocking material is seaweed fiber, viscose fiber, or polyacrylic acid fiber.

[0014] More preferably, the flocking material is viscose fiber or polyacrylic fiber.

[0015] Preferably, the thermal radiation material is carbon nanotubes, MXene, graphene, or a metallic element.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) Spray flocking adhesive on one side of the base fabric, and implant the flocking fibers into the adhesive side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and dry to obtain electrostatic flocking base fabric.

[0018] (2) Prepare a phenolamine solution and spray it onto the flocked side of the electrostatic flocking base fabric, then dry it.

[0019] (3) Coat the flocked side with heat radiation material and vacuum dry.

[0020] Furthermore, the drying temperature in steps (1) and (2) is 70-90℃, and the drying temperature in step (3) is 40-60℃.

[0021] The phenolamine solution is prepared as follows: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer, add 0.5-3.0 g of polyphenol reagent, dissolve, then add 0.05-0.3 g of amine compound, and stir thoroughly to dissolve.

[0022] Preferably, the polyphenol reagent is tannic acid, caffeic acid, dopamine, or gallic acid.

[0023] Preferably, the amine compound is polyethyleneimine, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, triethylenetetramine, or diethylenetriamine.

[0024] More preferably, the preparation and use of the phenol-ammonium solution is as follows: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve, then add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, and then spray it onto the flocked side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C. The reaction process is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Furthermore, the thermal radiation material is coated onto the flocked pile side by means of impregnation, spraying, vacuum plating, or chemical plating.

[0027] Preferably, the thermal radiation material is MXene, and a small layer of MXene solution is coated onto the flocked pile side by spraying.

[0028] Preferably, the heat-radiating material is copper, and copper plating solution is applied to the flocked pile side by chemical plating.

[0029] Beneficial effects

[0030] (1) This invention uses electrostatic flocking, which is simple, easy to implement, and suitable for large-scale production. The resulting samples have good flexibility, mechanical properties, and air permeability.

[0031] (2) The electrostatic flocking structure constructed by the present invention allows for a large capillary force between adjacent flocked fibers, which is beneficial for the transport of sweat to the flocked fiber side. Furthermore, the wetting gradient formed by the fabric substrate with different wettability and the flocked fibers further enhances the unidirectional moisture-wicking performance.

[0032] (3) The present invention coats flocking adhesive and phenolic amine solution by spraying, which avoids the clogging of fabric pores caused by excessive flocking adhesive. Moreover, this method only sprays the solution on one side of the fabric and does not affect the performance of the other side.

[0033] (4) In this invention, phenolamine solution is used to connect flocked fibers and thermal radiation materials. After the reaction, phenolamine solution has strong adhesion, which is beneficial to enhance the bonding strength between the two and will not affect the hydrophilicity of the flocked fiber side.

[0034] (5) The flocking fibers selected in this invention are water-absorbing and swelling fibers. When sweat is transported against gravity to the flocking fibers, the flocking fibers will absorb water and swell, resulting in a decrease in the distance between adjacent flocking fibers. This allows the thermal radiation materials on the flocking fibers to get closer together, causing resonant electromagnetic coupling. This enables dynamic control of infrared radiation and thermal and humidity comfort. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the fabric in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This refers to the liquid moisture management performance of the fabric in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This refers to the infrared emissivity of the fabric in Embodiment 1 of the present invention under different humidity levels.

[0038] Figure 4 These are optical images of the polyacrylic acid fiber before and after swelling in Example 2 of this invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a SEM image of the polyacrylic acid fiber surface after copper plating in Example 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0041] The fabrics prepared in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention were tested using the following methods:

[0042] The morphology of the prepared flocked fabric was observed using a scanning electron microscope (NovaNanoSEM450);

[0043] The swelling behavior of flocked fibers was photographed using a super depth-of-field microscope (VHX-6000).

[0044] The unidirectional moisture-wicking properties of the fabric were tested using a liquid moisture management instrument (M290);

[0045] The mid-infrared (8-13 μm) emissivity of the fabric was measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Nicolet 6700) with an integrating sphere.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation and its preparation method are described below:

[0048] (1) Spray flocking adhesive onto the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fibers. Select viscose fiber flocking, and plant it onto the sprayed polyester side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for later use;

[0049] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it onto the flocked side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80℃.

[0050] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2g of lithium fluoride and 40mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9M) were stirred at 400rpm for 30min. 2g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution. Then the temperature was adjusted to 35℃ and stirred continuously for 24h.

[0051] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water, sonicate for 10 min, and continue centrifuging. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the obtained centrifuged precipitate, and sonicate to obtain the upper layer, which is the few-layer dispersion.

[0052] (4) Coating with heat radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution is immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocked pile side facing down in the solution, and is continuously immersed for 30 minutes. Finally, it is dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0053] Figure 1 The cross-sectional morphology of the fabric is shown, revealing that the viscose fibers are arranged independently and vertically on the surface of the polyester fabric, and are relatively compact. Figure 2 This is a data graph showing the liquid moisture management of the fabric. During the dripping process, the moisture content of both the upper and lower surfaces increases simultaneously within 20 seconds. After the water supply stops, the moisture content on the polyester side (inner side) decreases significantly. This is because the strong capillary force and hydrophilicity of the flocked pile side (outer side) cause moisture to be transferred to the flocked pile side, thus the moisture content on the outer side gradually increases. The unidirectional water transfer capacity reaches 877%. Figure 3 The changes in infrared emissivity of the fabric under different humidity levels are shown. In the dry state (i.e., moisture absorption rate of 0), the infrared emissivity (E1) of the flocked pile side is 40.46%. When the moisture absorption rate is 50%, the infrared emissivity (E2) reaches 57.34%, and the change in infrared emissivity is (ΔE) 16.88%.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] The preparation method of the dynamically adjustable infrared radiation unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric provided in this comparative example differs from the preparation method in Example 1 in that the flocking adhesive coating method is different. The preparation method includes:

[0056] (1) Apply flocking adhesive to the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fibers. Select viscose fiber flocking, and plant it on the adhesive-coated side of the polyester under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for later use;

[0057] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it onto the flocked side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80℃.

[0058] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2g of lithium fluoride and 40mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9M) were stirred at 400rpm for 30min. 2g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution. Then the temperature was adjusted to 35℃ and stirred continuously for 24h.

[0059] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water, sonicate for 10 min, and continue centrifuging. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the obtained centrifuged precipitate, and sonicate to obtain the upper layer, which is the few-layer dispersion.

[0060] (4) Coating with heat radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution is immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocked pile side facing down in the solution, and is continuously immersed for 30 minutes. Finally, it is dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0061] Table 1 shows the changes in unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity of the fabric in Comparative Example 1. Because the pores of the base fabric are blocked by the flocking adhesive, moisture is difficult to transport to the flocked pile side, resulting in a unidirectional water transport capacity of only 160.6%. The infrared emissivity in the dry state and at 50% moisture absorption is 39.5% and 41%, respectively, with a small change of only 1.5%. Therefore, the overall performance of the fiber prepared by the method in Comparative Example 1 is inferior to that in Example 1.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment uses essentially the same method as Example 1 to prepare a unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation, the difference being that the flocking fibers are made of polyacrylic acid fiber. The preparation method includes:

[0064] (1) Spray flocking adhesive onto the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fibers. Plant polyacrylic acid fiber flocking onto the coated polyester side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and then dry at 80℃ for later use;

[0065] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it onto the flocked side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80℃.

[0066] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2g of lithium fluoride and 40mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9M) were stirred at 400rpm for 30min. 2g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution. Then the temperature was adjusted to 35℃ and stirred continuously for 24h.

[0067] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water, sonicate for 10 min, and continue centrifuging. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the obtained centrifuged precipitate, and sonicate to obtain the upper layer, which is the few-layer dispersion.

[0068] (4) Coating with heat radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution is immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocked pile side facing down in the solution, and is continuously immersed for 30 minutes. Finally, it is dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0069] Figure 4 The graph shows the changes in polyacrylic acid fiber before and after swelling, indicating that the fiber undergoes significant swelling after absorbing water. Table 1 shows the changes in unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity in Example 2. It can be seen that the strong capillary action and the strong water absorption of the flocked fibers result in a unidirectional water transport capacity as high as 863%. The swelling of the polyacrylic acid fiber flocks changes the spacing between the fibers coated with the thermal radiation material, leading to electromagnetic coupling. The change in thermal radiation ΔE under dry conditions and at 50% moisture absorption is 34.2%.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] The method for preparing the dynamically adjustable infrared radiation unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric provided in this comparative example differs from the method in Example 2 in that the flocking material is different. The preparation method includes:

[0072] (1) Spray flocking adhesive onto the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fibers. Select nylon fiber flocking, and plant it onto the polyester sprayed side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for later use;

[0073] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it onto the flocked side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80℃.

[0074] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2g of lithium fluoride and 40mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9M) were stirred at 400rpm for 30min. 2g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution. Then the temperature was adjusted to 35℃ and stirred continuously for 24h.

[0075] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water, sonicate for 10 min, and continue centrifuging. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the obtained centrifuged precipitate, and sonicate to obtain the upper layer, which is the few-layer dispersion.

[0076] (4) Coating with heat radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution is immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocked pile side facing down in the solution, and is continuously immersed for 30 minutes. Finally, it is dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0077] Table 1 shows the changes in unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity of the fabric in Comparative Example 2. Since the flocked fibers are hydrophobic and do not form a wetting gradient, the unidirectional water transport capacity is only 205.7%. The change in infrared emissivity is small, at 3.1%. Therefore, the overall performance of the fiber prepared by the method in Comparative Example 2 is inferior to that in Example 2.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] One-way moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation was prepared using essentially the same method as in Example 2, the difference being that the heat-radiating material was a metallic element, and the preparation method was chemical plating. The preparation method included:

[0080] (1) Spray flocking adhesive onto the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of the polyester fibers. Polyacrylic acid fiber flocking is selected and planted onto the polyester sprayed side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and then dried at 80℃ for later use;

[0081] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it onto the flocked side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80℃.

[0082] (3) Immerse the phenolamine-modified flocked fibers in a 2 g / L AgNO3 solution for 10 min to activate them. Prepare a copper plating solution with the following components: CuSO4 (20 g / L), EDTA·2Na (19.5 g / L), NaKC4H4O6·4H2O (14 g / L), NaOH (14.5 g / L), K4[Fe(CN)6] (0.01 g / L), BPy (0.02 g / L), HCHO (15 mL / L);

[0083] (4) Coating with heat radiation material: The activated fabric is added to the copper plating solution, with the flocked side facing down and immersed in the solution for 3 hours at room temperature, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0084] The resulting fabric surface is uniformly covered with elemental copper, and its apparent morphology is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in Table 1, the unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity changes are as follows. Due to the favorable wetting gradient and capillary action, the unidirectional water transport capacity can reach 852%. The overall thermal radiation changes by ΔE of 27.7% due to the varying spacing between flocked fibers under different humidity levels.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] As a control experiment for Example 3, a one-way moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation was prepared using essentially the same method as in Example 3. The difference was that the flocked fibers were not modified with phenolamine; the remaining steps were the same as in Example 3. The preparation method included:

[0087] (1) Spray flocking adhesive onto the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fibers. Select viscose fiber flocking, and plant it onto the sprayed polyester side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for later use.

[0088] (2) Immerse the flocked side in a 2 g / L AgNO3 solution for 10 min to activate it. Prepare a copper plating solution with the following components: CuSO4 (20 g / L), EDTA·2Na (19.5 g / L), NaKC4H4O6·4H2O (14 g / L), NaOH (14.5 g / L), K4[Fe(CN)6] (0.01 g / L), BPy (0.02 g / L), and HCHO (15 mL / L).

[0089] (3) Coating with heat radiation material: The activated fabric is added to the copper plating solution, with the flocked side facing down and immersed in the solution for 3 hours at room temperature, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0090] Table 1 shows the changes in unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity of the fabric in Comparative Example 3. Due to the loss of the adhesive effect of phenolic amine, the bonding force between copper and flocked fibers is poor, with only a small amount of copper adhering to the surface of the flocked fibers and failing to form a continuous copper film. Therefore, the emissivity change is small, only 5.6%. The unidirectional water transport capacity is not significantly affected, remaining at approximately 847%. Therefore, the overall performance of the fiber prepared by the method in Comparative Example 3 is inferior to that in Example 3.

[0091] The unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity changes of the unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabrics with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from Table 1, the unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric prepared by the present invention, which includes a hydrophobic base fabric, a hydrophilic and water-absorbing swollen flocked pile, and a thermal radiation material, and is modified with phenolic ammonium solution, has superior unidirectional moisture-wicking performance and infrared radiation dynamic control capability.

Claims

1. A unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation, characterized in that, The fabric includes a base fabric, flocked fibers, and a heat-radiating material; one side of the base fabric is modified by implanting flocked fibers, specifically by spraying flocking adhesive onto one side of the base fabric, implanting the flocked fibers into the adhesive-sprayed side under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, and drying to obtain an electrostatic flocked base fabric; subsequently, a phenol ammonium solution is sprayed onto the flocked fiber side, and a heat-radiating material is coated on it. The phenol-amine solution is prepared as follows: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer, add 0.5-3.0 g of polyphenol reagent, dissolve, then add 0.05-0.3 g of amine compound, and stir thoroughly to dissolve; wherein the polyphenol reagent is tannic acid, caffeic acid, dopamine or gallic acid, and the amine compound is polyethyleneimine, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, triethylenetetramine or diethylenetriamine; the base fabric is a hydrophobic fabric, and the flocking material is a hydrophilic and water-absorbing swelling material.

2. The unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base fabric is made of polyester, nylon, polylactic acid, acrylic, polypropylene, or aramid.

3. The unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flocking material is seaweed fiber, viscose fiber, or polyacrylic acid fiber.

4. The unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material that emits heat is carbon nanotubes, MXene, graphene, or a metallic element.

5. A method for preparing a unidirectional moisture-wicking flocked fabric with dynamically adjustable infrared radiation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, (1) Spray flocking adhesive on one side of the base fabric, implant the flocking fibers into the sprayed side under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field, and dry to obtain electrostatic flocking base fabric. (2) Prepare a phenolamine solution and spray it onto the flocked side of the electrostatic flocking base fabric, then dry it; (3) Coat the flocked side with heat radiation material and vacuum dry.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drying temperature in steps (1) and (2) is 70-90 ℃; the drying temperature in step (3) is 40-60 ℃.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermal radiation material is coated onto the flocked pile side by means of impregnation, spraying, vacuum plating or chemical plating.

Images