A device for mitigating temperature rise caused by negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for mitigating the temperature rise caused by the negative J‑T effect of a high-pressure and high-yield well, which belongs to the field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation, and includes a high-temperature gas drainage pipe, a diverter nozzle, a straightening block end cover, a straightening block, a straightening outer cylinder, a ratchet rack, a slip limit ring, a double-headed stud, an anchor mechanism starting spring, a slip top ring, a double-headed stud, a slip sleeve, an anchor mechanism limit pull rod, a two-way slip, a pin, a sealing mechanism locking ring, a V-type packing two-way sealing group, a slip upper support, and a center tube. The present invention uses the eddy effect to separate high-temperature molecules and low-temperature molecules of a high-temperature and high-speed fluid that has a reverse J‑T effect, and exchanges heat between the high-temperature molecules and the bottom of the well, which greatly reduces the influence of the reverse J‑T effect on the gas temperature, and further prevents the risk of failure of the tubing string in the wellbore due to temperature rise. The separated high-temperature gas molecules exchange heat with the bottom of the well, which increases the gas reservoir temperature and further promotes the gas reservoir pressure, and indirectly increases the gas well production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and natural gas exploitation, and in particular to a device for mitigating temperature rise caused by negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells. Background Art

[0002] In high-pressure and high-yield gas wells, the temperature of the produced gas will increase significantly due to the negative JT effect, which specifically refers to the temperature change phenomenon caused by pressure changes during the throttling expansion process of high-pressure fluid. When the fluid (gas or liquid) flows through valves, orifice plates and other parts in the pipeline, the fluid pressure is reduced due to the effect of local resistance, and throttling occurs. During throttling expansion, small pressure changes cause temperature changes.

[0003] When the temperature rises in a gas well due to the negative JT effect, the tubing material will expand due to the heat. This expansion may cause changes in the size of the tubing, which in turn affects its coordination and sealing performance with other downhole equipment. If the tubing expands excessively, it may also cause friction with the well wall, increasing the risk of wear and damage. At the same time, the increase in the operating temperature of the downhole tools will also face a serious risk of failure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a device for mitigating the temperature rise due to the negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells in order to solve the problem that when the temperature rises due to the negative JT effect in the existing gas well, the pipe string material will expand due to heat, and this expansion may cause changes in the size of the pipe string, thereby affecting its coordination and sealing performance with other downhole equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technology: a device for mitigating the temperature rise of the negative JT effect of a high-pressure and high-yield well, comprising a high-temperature gas drainage pipe, one end of which is connected to a central pipe through a diverter nozzle, the central pipe is provided with an anchor mechanism starting spring, a rubber tube compression pipe is provided on the central pipe, a rubber tube is provided on the rubber tube compression pipe through a third stud, a nickel-based alloy wrist guard is provided on the outside of the rubber tube, a vortex tube is provided on the rubber tube compression pipe through a groove of the rubber tube compression pipe to cooperate with the axial sliding of the vortex tube, and a rubber tube is provided on the rubber tube compression pipe through a third stud. The connecting nipple is provided with an upper nozzle, and the upper nozzle is connected to the center pipe through the internal thread of the upper nozzle, a sealing joint is provided on the upper nozzle through the cooperation of the sealing joint pin hole and the upper nozzle pin hole, a sealing nozzle block is provided on the diverter nozzle, and a diverter nozzle clamp holding surface is provided on the diverter nozzle, a drainage hole is provided at one end of the high-temperature gas drainage pipe, and a plurality of drainage pipe clamp holding surfaces arranged along the circumferential direction of the high-temperature gas drainage pipe are provided at the other end, and the high-temperature gas drainage pipe is detachably connected to the diverter nozzle through the cooperation of the internal thread of the drainage pipe and the external thread of the diverter nozzle;

[0006] The central tube is provided with a limiting unit which generates friction with the inner wall of the wellbore so as to limit and fix the mitigation device; the vortex tube is provided with a tangential air inlet hole for the vortex tube, and the central tube is provided with a central tube air inlet port; the mitigation device generates a vortex separation effect through the cooperation between the tangential air inlet hole for the vortex tube on the vortex tube and the central tube air inlet port on the central tube to mitigate the temperature increase of the fluid in the oil pipe;

[0007] The limiting unit includes a straightening mechanism and a slip limiting mechanism, the straightening mechanism includes a straightening outer cylinder with a straightening block, the upper end tube of the diverter nozzle is provided with a straightening block end cover through the inner thread of the diverter nozzle, the straightening block end cover is provided with a straightening block inner flange for axially limiting the straightening block, the straightening block end cover is provided with a plurality of straightening block end cover clamping surfaces along its circumferential direction, the straightening outer cylinder is provided with a straightening block side boss through the straightening outer cylinder guide groove and the straightening block The fixing of the straightening block is realized by cooperation. A spring is arranged on the straightening block through the supporting spring installation groove. The spring is used to support the straightening block flange to contact the sleeve to provide circumferential friction force. The straightening block end cover is connected to the straightening outer tube through the cooperation of the straightening block end cover internal thread and the straightening outer tube external thread. A ratchet rack is arranged on the straightening outer tube through the axial groove of the straightening outer tube. The ratchet rack is cooperated with the ratchet rack fixing pin hole through the ratchet installation hole to realize the detachable connection with the straightening outer tube.

[0008] The cava limiting mechanism includes a cava limiting ring, a cava top ring and a cava sliding sleeve which are arranged in sequence outside the central tube. The cava limiting ring has an axially opened limiting rod through-hole for the limiting rod of the anchoring mechanism to pass through. The cava limiting ring is provided with an axial limiting ring groove. A first double-headed stud is provided on the axial limiting ring groove through the limiting ring mounting hole. The cava limiting ring can rotate circumferentially while achieving axial limiting through the first double-headed stud and the straightening outer tube. The cava limiting ring is provided with a cava limiting ring circumferential groove. The straightening outer tube achieves axial limiting through the cooperation of the straightening outer tube axial groove and the cava limiting ring circumferential groove to achieve circumferential rotation while completing axial limiting.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the slip top ring is provided with a slip top ring ratchet which matches with the rack ratchet on the ratchet rack surface, and one end of the slip top ring is axially limited by the slip top ring axial connection groove and the slip sleeve and can rotate circumferentially;

[0010] The cava top ring is provided with a top ring pull rod through hole to provide relative circumferential rotation space with the anchor mechanism limit pull rod. The cava top ring ratchet engages with the ratchet rack to form a unidirectional movement to prevent retreat after sealing. The side of the cava top ring is provided with a cava top ring mounting hole to connect the multi-petal structure through a second double-headed stud.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the cava sleeve is connected to the cava top ring through the axial connecting groove of the cava sleeve to achieve circumferential rotation and axial limitation at the same time, and an anchoring mechanism limiting pull rod is arranged on the cava sleeve through the cava sleeve pull rod hole, and three cava slots are opened on the cava sleeve, and the cava sleeve is provided with a bidirectional cava through the cava slot to realize bidirectional cava expenditure anchoring.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: a sealing mechanism locking ring is arranged on the outside of the center tube, and the sealing mechanism locking ring is meshed with the inner ratchet of the cava upper support of the cava upper support through the outer ratchet of the locking ring, and the inner wall of the sealing mechanism locking ring is meshed with the center tube ratchet of the center tube through the inner ratchet of the locking ring, and the sealing mechanism locking ring is provided with a locking ring expansion groove for the expansion and retraction of the ratchet teeth.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: a slip upper support is arranged on the central tube through a pin, a slip upper support pin hole cooperating with the pin is provided on the slip upper support, a slip upper support slide groove cooperating with the slip bottom boss is provided at the lower end of the slip upper support, a slip upper support inner ratchet is provided on the middle inner surface of the slip upper support, which cooperates with the sealing mechanism lock ring to achieve locking, a slip upper support pull rod hole is provided on the slip upper support, which is connected with the anchor mechanism limit pull rod through a thread, a slip upper support clamp clamping surface is provided on the slip upper support to facilitate clamping during installation, and a slip upper support ring groove is provided on the upper end of the slip upper support, which is equally distributed on the circumference of a circle to allow fluid to enter the interior of the slip upper support;

[0014] The two-way slip is provided with a slip bottom boss matched with the slip sleeve, and the two-way slip is provided with a slip upper support, and the two-way slip is provided with a slip ratchet, which can bite the inner wall of the sleeve to realize two-way anchoring.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the lower end of the center tube is connected to the diverter nozzle through a first center tube external thread, the center tube is provided with a center tube flange for axial limiting before the end cover of the straightening block is sealed, and the center tube is provided with a center tube lug that is clamped with the J-shaped groove of the top ring, the middle end of the center tube is provided with a center tube ratchet that meshes with the external ratchet of the locking ring, the center tube is provided with a shear pin installation groove that is connected to the pin hole of the upper support of the slip through a pin, and the upper end of the center tube is provided with a second center tube external thread that is connected to the upper nozzle;

[0016] The rubber cylinder compression tube is a three-petal structure with rubber cylinder compression tube installation holes at both ends connected by a third stud, and a rubber cylinder compression tube groove is opened in the middle of the rubber cylinder compression tube to achieve axial sliding cooperation with the vortex tube.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution: the lower end of the vortex tube is provided with a V-shaped packing bidirectional sealing group through a sealing installation groove, the outside of the vortex tube is provided with a vortex tube air inlet flange, which cooperates circumferentially with the groove of the rubber sleeve compression tube to achieve axial sliding, and the inside of the vortex tube air inlet flange is provided with a vortex tube gas return hole, the upper end of the vortex tube is provided with a vortex tube flange, which contacts with the lower end of the connecting short section for transmitting pressure, and the vortex tube is provided with a vortex tube external thread connected to the connecting short section, and the vortex tube is provided with a plurality of vortex tube clamp clamping surfaces for clamping during installation.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution: the upper end of the connecting pup joint is connected to the upper nozzle through the first connecting pup joint internal thread, a plurality of connecting pup joint exhaust holes are evenly opened in the middle of the connecting pup joint along the circumferential direction, the lower end of the connecting pup joint is connected to the vortex tube through the second connecting pup joint internal thread, and a connecting pup joint clamping surface is provided on the connecting pup joint for clamping during installation;

[0019] The lower end of the upper nozzle is connected to the connecting short section via the upper nozzle external thread, the middle part of the upper nozzle is provided with an upper nozzle flange and the connecting short section to achieve axial positioning, and the upper nozzle is provided with a plurality of upper nozzle clamp holding surfaces for clamping during installation, the upper part of the upper nozzle is provided with an upper nozzle axial groove which cooperates with the axial groove of the setting joint to achieve torque transmission, and the upper end inner surface of the setting joint is provided with a setting joint tapered thread for connecting the oil pipe.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] By using the eddy effect, the high-temperature and high-speed fluid that produces the reverse JT effect is separated into high-temperature molecules and low-temperature molecules, and the high-temperature molecules are heat-exchanged with the bottom of the well, which greatly reduces the impact of the reverse JT effect on the gas temperature and further prevents the risk of failure of the wellbore string due to temperature rise;

[0022] The separated high-temperature gas molecules exchange heat with the bottom of the well, which increases the temperature of the gas reservoir and further promotes the gas reservoir pressure, indirectly increasing the gas well production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The device of the present invention is a half-sectional view of the whole;

[0024] Figure 2 A half-sectional view of the sealing joint of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A half-sectional view of the high-temperature gas drainage tube of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Axial view of the diverter nozzle of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The present invention is a side view of the centralizing block end cap axis;

[0028] Figure 6 A side view of the straightening block axis of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A side view of the outer cylinder shaft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 A side view of the ratchet rack shaft of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 A side view of the slip limiting ring shaft of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 A side view of the top ring shaft of the slip of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 A side view of the slip sleeve shaft of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 A side view of the bidirectional slip shaft of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 A side view of the sealing mechanism of the present invention, the locking ring shaft;

[0036] Fig.14 The slip of the present invention is a side view of the upper support shaft;

[0037] Fig.15 A half-sectional view of the center tube of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.16 A side view of the rubber cartridge compression tube axis of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.17 A half-sectional view of the vortex tube of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.18 A half-sectional view of the connecting short section of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.19 It is a half-section view of the upper nozzle of the present invention.

[0042] Legend:

[0043] 1. High-temperature gas drainage pipe; 2. Diverter nozzle; 3. End cover of the straightening block; 4. Straightening block; 5. Straightening outer tube; 6. Ratchet rack; 7. Slip limit ring; 8. First stud; 9. Anchor mechanism starting spring; 10. Slip top ring; 11. Second stud; 12. Slip sleeve; 13. Anchor mechanism limit pull rod; 14. Bidirectional slip; 15. Pin; 16. Sealing mechanism lock ring; 17. V-type packing bidirectional sealing group; 18. Slip upper support; 19. Center tube; 20. Rubber cylinder compression tube; 21. Third stud; 22. Rubber cylinder; 23. Nickel-based alloy wrist guard; 24. Vortex tube; 25. Connecting short section; 26. Upper nozzle; 27. Sealing joint; 28. Drainage hole; 29. ​​Clamping surface of drainage tube fixture ;30. Internal thread of drainage tube;31. External thread of diverter nozzle;32. Block of diverter nozzle;33. Internal thread of diverter nozzle;34. Clamping surface of diverter nozzle fixture;35. Internal thread of end cover of straightening block;36. Internal flange of straightening block;37. Clamping surface of end cover of straightening block fixture;38. Mounting groove of support spring;39. Side boss of straightening block;40. Flange of straightening block;41. External thread of straightening outer cylinder;42. Guide groove of straightening outer cylinder;43. Mounting hole of ratchet;44. Axial groove of straightening outer cylinder;45. Fixing pin hole of ratchet rack;46. Rack ratchet;47. Circumferential groove of slip limit ring;48. Mounting hole of limit ring;49. Axial groove of limit ring;50. Through hole of limit pull rod;51. Axial connecting groove of slip top ring;52. Ratchet of slip top ring;5 3. Top ring tie rod through hole; 54. Top ring J-shaped groove; 55. Slip top ring mounting hole; 56. Slip sleeve tie rod hole; 57. Slip sleeve axial connection groove; 58. Slip slide groove; 59. Slip bottom boss; 60. Slip ratchet; 61. Lock ring outer ratchet; 62. Lock ring inner ratchet; 63. Lock ring expansion groove; 64. Slip upper support tie rod hole; 65. Slip upper support inner ratchet; 66. Slip upper support slide groove; 67. Slip upper support pin hole; 68. Slip upper support fixture clamping surface; 69. Slip upper support ring groove; 70. First center tube external thread; 71. Center tube flange; 72. Center tube lug; 73. Shear pin mounting groove; 74. Center tube ratchet; 75. Center tube air inlet; 76. Second center tube External thread; 77, rubber cartridge compression tube groove; 78, rubber cartridge compression tube mounting hole; 79, seal mounting groove; 80, vortex tube tangential air inlet hole; 81, vortex tube air inlet flange; 82, vortex tube gas return hole; 83, vortex tube flange; 84, vortex tube external thread; 85, vortex tube fixture clamping surface; 86, first connecting short section internal thread; 87, connecting short section exhaust hole; 88, second connecting short section internal thread; 89, connecting short section fixture clamping surface; 90, upper nozzle internal thread; 91, upper nozzle external thread; 92, upper nozzle flange; 93, upper nozzle fixture clamping surface; 94, upper nozzle pin hole; 95, upper nozzle axial groove; 96, sealing joint pin hole; 97, sealing joint axial groove; 98, sealing joint tapered thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Reference Figure 1-Figure 19 The present embodiment provides a device for mitigating the temperature rise of the negative JT effect of a high-pressure and high-yield well, comprising a high-temperature gas drainage pipe 1, one end of the high-temperature gas drainage pipe 1 is connected to a central pipe 19 through a diverter nozzle 2, the central pipe 19 is provided with an anchor mechanism starting spring 9, a rubber cylinder compression pipe 20 is provided on the central pipe 19, a rubber cylinder 22 is provided on the rubber cylinder compression pipe 20 through a third stud 21, a nickel-based alloy wrist guard 23 is provided on the outside of the rubber cylinder 22, a vortex tube 24 axially slidingly matched with the rubber cylinder compression pipe 20 is provided through a rubber cylinder compression pipe groove 77, and an upper spray is provided on the vortex tube 24 through a connecting short section 25. The nozzle 26 is connected to the center tube 19 through the internal thread 90 of the upper nozzle, and the upper nozzle 26 is provided with a sealing joint 27 through the cooperation of the sealing joint pin hole 96 and the upper nozzle pin hole 94, the diverter nozzle 2 is provided with a diverter nozzle stopper 32, and the diverter nozzle 2 is provided with a diverter nozzle clamp holding surface 34, one end of the high-temperature gas drainage tube 1 is provided with a drainage hole 28, and the other end of the high-temperature gas drainage tube 1 is provided with a plurality of drainage tube clamp holding surfaces 29 arranged along the circumferential direction thereof, and the high-temperature gas drainage tube 1 is detachably connected to the diverter nozzle 2 through the cooperation of the internal thread 30 of the drainage tube and the external thread 31 of the diverter nozzle;

[0046] The center tube 19 is provided with a limit unit that generates friction with the inner wall of the wellbore to limit and fix the mitigation device. The vortex tube 24 is provided with a tangential air inlet hole 80 for the vortex tube, and the center tube 19 is provided with a center tube air inlet port 75. The mitigation device generates a vortex separation effect through the cooperation between the tangential air inlet hole 80 for the vortex tube 24 and the center tube air inlet port 75 for the center tube 19 to mitigate the temperature increase of the fluid in the oil pipe.

[0047] The limiting unit includes a straightening mechanism and a slip limiting mechanism. The straightening mechanism includes a straightening outer cylinder 5 with a straightening block 4. A straightening block end cover 3 is provided on the upper end tube of the diverter nozzle 2 through the inner thread 33 of the diverter nozzle. The straightening block end cover 3 is provided with a straightening block inner flange 36 for axially limiting the straightening block 4. The straightening block end cover 3 is provided with a plurality of straightening block end cover clamp holding surfaces 37 along its circumferential direction. The straightening outer cylinder 5 is provided with a straightening outer cylinder guide groove 42 and a straightening block side boss 39 of the straightening block 4 to realize The straightening block 4 is now fixed. A spring is provided on the straightening block 4 through the support spring installation groove 38. The spring supports the straightening block flange 40 to contact the sleeve to provide circumferential friction. The straightening block end cover 3 is connected to the straightening outer tube 5 through the cooperation of the straightening block end cover internal thread 35 and the straightening outer tube external thread 41. The straightening outer tube 5 is provided with a ratchet rack 6 through the straightening outer tube axial groove 44. The ratchet rack 6 is matched with the ratchet rack fixing pin hole 45 through the ratchet installation hole 43 to realize the detachable connection with the straightening outer tube 5.

[0048] The cava limiting mechanism includes a cava limiting ring 7, a cava top ring 10 and a cava sliding sleeve 12 which are arranged in sequence outside the central tube 19. The cava limiting ring 7 has an axially opened limiting rod through hole 50 for the anchoring mechanism limiting rod 13 to pass through. The cava limiting ring 7 is provided with a limiting ring axial groove 49. A first stud 8 is provided on the limiting ring axial groove 49 through a limiting ring mounting hole 48. The cava limiting ring 7 can rotate circumferentially while realizing axial limitation through the first stud 8 and the straightening outer tube 5. The cava limiting ring 7 is provided with a cava limiting ring circumferential groove 47. The straightening outer tube 5 realizes axial limitation while realizing circumferential rotation through the straightening outer tube axial groove 44 and the cava limiting ring circumferential groove 47.

[0049] The slip top ring 10 is provided with a slip top ring ratchet 52 which matches with the rack ratchet 46 on the surface of the ratchet rack 6. One end of the slip top ring 10 is axially limited with the slip sleeve 12 through the slip top ring axial connection groove 51 and can rotate circumferentially.

[0050] A top ring pull rod through hole 53 is provided on the cava top ring 10 to provide a relative circumferential rotation space with the anchor mechanism limit pull rod 13. The cava top ring ratchet 52 engages with the ratchet rack 6 to form a unidirectional movement to prevent retreat after sealing. A cava top ring mounting hole 55 is provided on the side of the cava top ring 10 to achieve a multi-petal structure connection through the second stud 11.

[0051] Among them, the cava sleeve 12 is connected to the cava top ring 10 through the cava sleeve axial connecting groove 57 to realize circumferential rotation and axial limitation at the same time, and the cava sleeve 12 is provided with an anchoring mechanism limiting rod 13 through the cava sleeve pull rod hole 56, and three cava grooves 58 are opened on the cava sleeve 12. The cava sleeve 12 is provided with a bidirectional cava 14 through the cava groove 58 and realizes the bidirectional cava 14 expenditure anchoring.

[0052] Among them, a sealing mechanism lock ring 16 is arranged on the outside of the center tube 19, and the sealing mechanism lock ring 16 is meshed with the inner ratchet 65 of the cava upper support 18 through the outer ratchet 61 of the lock ring, and the inner wall of the sealing mechanism lock ring 16 is meshed with the center tube ratchet 74 of the center tube 19 through the inner ratchet 62 of the lock ring. The sealing mechanism lock ring 16 is provided with a lock ring expansion groove 63 for the expansion and retraction of the ratchet teeth.

[0053] Among them, a slip upper support 18 is arranged on the central tube 19 through a pin 15, a slip upper support pin hole 67 cooperating with the pin 15 is provided on the slip upper support 18, a slip upper support slide groove 66 cooperating with the slip bottom boss 59 is provided at the lower end of the slip upper support 18, a slip upper support inner ratchet 65 is provided on the middle inner surface of the slip upper support 18 to cooperate with the sealing mechanism lock ring 16 to achieve locking, a slip upper support pull rod hole 64 is provided on the slip upper support 18 to be connected with the anchor mechanism limit pull rod 13 through a thread, a slip upper support clamp clamping surface 68 is provided on the slip upper support 18 to facilitate clamping during installation, and a slip upper support ring groove 69 is provided on the upper end of the slip upper support 18 to be equally distributed on the circumference of a circle to allow fluid to enter the interior of the slip upper support 18;

[0054] The two-way slip 14 is provided with a slip bottom boss 59 which cooperates with the slip sleeve 12 , and the two-way slip 14 is provided with a slip upper support 18 , and the two-way slip 14 is provided with a slip ratchet 60 , which can bite the inner wall of the casing to realize two-way anchoring.

[0055] Among them, the lower end of the center tube 19 is connected to the diverter nozzle 2 through the first center tube external thread 70, the center tube 19 is provided with a center tube flange 71 for axial limiting before the end cover 3 of the straightening block is set, and the center tube 19 is provided with a center tube lug 72 clamped with the top ring J-shaped groove 54, the middle end of the center tube 19 is provided with a center tube ratchet 74 engaged with the locking ring external ratchet 61, the center tube 19 is provided with a shear pin installation groove 73 connected with the pin hole 67 of the upper support of the slip through the pin 15, and the upper end of the center tube 19 is provided with a second center tube external thread 76 connected with the upper nozzle 26;

[0056] The rubber compression tube 20 is a three-petal structure with rubber compression tube mounting holes 78 at both ends connected through the third stud 21 . A rubber compression tube groove 77 is opened in the middle of the rubber compression tube 20 to achieve axial sliding fit with the vortex tube 24 .

[0057] Among them, the lower end of the vortex tube 24 is provided with a V-shaped packing bidirectional sealing group 17 through a sealing installation groove 79, the outside of the vortex tube 24 is provided with a vortex tube air inlet flange 81 which cooperates circumferentially with the rubber sleeve compression tube groove 77 to achieve axial sliding, and the inside of the vortex tube air inlet flange 81 is provided with a vortex tube gas return hole 82, the upper end of the vortex tube 24 is provided with a vortex tube flange 83 which contacts the lower end of the connecting short section 25 for transmitting pressure, and the vortex tube 24 is provided with a vortex tube external thread 84 connected to the connecting short section 25, and the vortex tube 24 is provided with a plurality of vortex tube clamp clamping surfaces 85 for clamping during installation.

[0058] The upper end of the connecting nipple 25 is connected to the upper nozzle 26 through the first connecting nipple internal thread 86, a plurality of connecting nipple exhaust holes 87 are evenly opened in the middle of the connecting nipple 25 along the circumferential direction, the lower end of the connecting nipple 25 is connected to the vortex tube 24 through the second connecting nipple internal thread 88, and a connecting nipple clamp holding surface 89 is provided on the connecting nipple 25 for clamping during installation;

[0059] The lower end of the upper nozzle 26 is connected to the connecting short section 25 through the upper nozzle external thread 91. The middle part of the upper nozzle 26 is provided with an upper nozzle flange 92 to achieve axial positioning with the connecting short section 25, and the upper nozzle 26 is provided with a plurality of upper nozzle clamp holding surfaces 93 for clamping during installation. The upper part of the upper nozzle 26 is provided with an upper nozzle axial groove 95 which cooperates with the axial groove 97 of the setting joint to realize torque transmission. The upper end inner surface of the setting joint 27 is provided with a setting joint tapered thread 98 for connecting the oil pipe.

[0060] It should be noted that when the device is working, the sealing joint 27 is connected to the casing and lowered together with the casing. After being lowered to the specified position, the sealing joint 27 is rotated and the torque is transmitted to the upper nozzle 26 through the internal axial groove. The center pipe 19 connected to the internal thread 90 of the upper nozzle begins to rotate. Since the straightening block 4 and the straightening outer cylinder 5 are circumferentially fixed, the center pipe 19 and the slip top ring 10 rotate relative to each other. At this time, the center pipe lug 72 rotates from the bottom position of the previous groove to the corner in the J-shaped groove 54 of the top ring. At this time, the previously compressed anchoring mechanism starts the spring 9 to rebound, and the center pipe lug 72 moves along the axial groove part of the top ring J-shaped groove 54. The slip top ring 10 is under the action of the elastic force. The cava top ring 10 and the ratchet rack 6 are meshed and jump teeth with each other to form a one-way upward movement relationship. When the limit position of the anchor mechanism limit pull rod 13 is reached, the cava top ring 10 and the ratchet rack 6 are locked and fixed to each other to prevent retreat. At the same time, the cava upper support 18 and the sealing mechanism lock ring 16 move to the center tube ratchet 74 and are axially fixed. At the same time, due to the axial thrust of the cava top ring 10, the relative position distance between the cava sleeve 12 and the cava upper support 18 is reduced, and the cava upper support slide groove 66 and the cava slide groove 58 provide a bidirectional cava 14 with an outward thrust, so that the cava extends outward and is locked and fixed relative to the outer tube.

[0061] At this time, the sealing joint 27 is pressed downward again. At this time, the pin 15 breaks the bottom of the sealing joint axial groove 97 and contacts the bottom of the upper nozzle axial groove 95 to transmit pressure. The upper nozzle flange 92 then transmits pressure to the upper end face of the connecting short section 25. The lower end face of the connecting short section 25 contacts the side of the vortex tube flange 83 and transmits axial pressure. Since the upper support 18 of the slip has been fixed, the rubber cylinder 22 at the lower end of the device is subjected to the extrusion force transmitted to the nickel-based alloy wrist guard 23 by the port of the rubber cylinder compression tube groove 77 and expands outward. At the same time, the extrusion force transmitted by the side of the vortex tube flange 83 and the upper end of the rubber cylinder compression tube 20 to the nickel-based alloy wrist guard 23 causes the rubber cylinder 22 at the upper end of the device to expand outward, thereby achieving a sealing effect and switching to a working state.

[0062] During operation, high-temperature gas enters the central tube 19 through the tangential air inlet 80 of the vortex tube and the central tube air inlet 75 to form a vortex and move downward. The gas molecules with a faster moving speed close to the tube wall reach the diverter nozzle 2 through the central tube 19, and the gas molecules with a slower moving speed in the center of the column are blocked by the diverter nozzle block 32, while the gas molecules with a faster moving speed and a higher temperature enter the high-temperature gas drainage tube 1 through the diverter nozzle 2, and diffuse into the vortex tube gas reflux hole 82 through the drainage hole 28 and the ring groove 69 on the cava support to be diverted again, while the low-temperature gas molecules are retained in the tube, thereby achieving a cooling effect.

[0063] It should be noted that the pressure range of the high-pressure and high-yield wells to which this device is applicable is 105MPa to 200MPa, the gas production is 1 million cubic meters per day to 3 million cubic meters per day, and the high-temperature gas temperature in the high-pressure and high-yield wells is 150°C to 210°C.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for mitigating the temperature rise of the negative JT effect in a high-pressure and high-yield well, characterized in that: The invention comprises a high-temperature gas drainage pipe (1), one end of which is connected to a central pipe (19) via a flow divider nozzle (2), the central pipe (19) being provided with an anchor mechanism starting spring (9), the central pipe (19) being provided with a rubber cylinder compression pipe (20), the rubber cylinder compression pipe (20) being provided with a rubber cylinder (22) via a third stud (21), the outer portion of the rubber cylinder (22) being provided with a nickel-based alloy wrist guard (23), the rubber cylinder compression pipe (20) being provided with a vortex pipe (24) axially slidingly matched with the rubber cylinder compression pipe groove (77), the vortex pipe (24) being provided with an upper nozzle (26) via a connecting short section (25), and the upper nozzle (26) The high-temperature gas drainage tube (1) is connected to the center tube (19) through the internal thread (90) of the upper nozzle, a sealing joint (27) is provided on the upper nozzle (26) through the cooperation of the sealing joint pin hole (96) and the upper nozzle pin hole (94), a sealing joint block (32) is provided on the diverter nozzle (2), and a diverter nozzle clamp holding surface (34) is provided on the diverter nozzle (2), a drainage hole (28) is provided at one end of the high-temperature gas drainage tube (1), and a plurality of drainage tube clamp holding surfaces (29) arranged along the circumferential direction of the high-temperature gas drainage tube (1) are provided at the other end, and the high-temperature gas drainage tube (1) is detachably connected to the diverter nozzle (2) through the cooperation of the internal thread (30) of the drainage tube and the external thread (31) of the diverter nozzle; The central tube (19) is provided with a limiting unit for generating friction with the inner wall of the wellbore so as to limit and fix the mitigation device; the vortex tube (24) is provided with a vortex tube tangential air inlet hole (80); the central tube (19) is provided with a central tube air inlet port (75); the mitigation device generates a vortex separation effect through the cooperation between the vortex tube tangential air inlet hole (80) on the vortex tube (24) and the central tube air inlet port (75) on the central tube (19) to mitigate the increase in the temperature of the fluid in the oil pipe; The limiting unit comprises a straightening mechanism and a slip limiting mechanism, the straightening mechanism comprises a straightening outer cylinder (5) having a straightening block (4), a straightening block end cover (3) is arranged on the upper end tube of the diverter nozzle (2) through the internal thread (33) of the diverter nozzle, the straightening block end cover (3) is provided with a straightening block inner flange (36) for axially limiting the straightening block (4), the straightening block end cover (3) is provided with a plurality of straightening block end cover clamp holding surfaces (37) along its circumferential direction, the straightening outer cylinder (5) is matched with the straightening block side boss (39) of the straightening block (4) through the straightening outer cylinder guide groove (42) The straightening block (4) is fixed. A spring is provided on the straightening block (4) through a support spring installation groove (38). The spring supports the straightening block flange (40) to contact the sleeve to provide circumferential friction force. The straightening block end cover (3) is connected to the straightening outer tube (5) through the cooperation of the straightening block end cover internal thread (35) and the straightening outer tube external thread (41). The straightening outer tube (5) is provided with a ratchet rack (6) through an axial groove (44) of the straightening outer tube. The ratchet rack (6) cooperates with the ratchet rack fixing pin hole (45) through the ratchet installation hole (43) to achieve a detachable connection with the straightening outer tube (5). The slip limit mechanism comprises a slip limit ring (7), a slip top ring (10) and a slip sleeve (12) which are arranged in sequence outside the central tube (19); a limit rod through hole (50) axially opened on the slip limit ring (7) is provided for the anchor mechanism limit rod (13) to pass through; a limit ring axial groove (49) is provided on the slip limit ring (7); a first stud (8) is provided on the limit ring axial groove (49) through a limit ring mounting hole (48); and the slip limit ring (7) can rotate circumferentially while realizing axial limit through the first stud (8) and the straightening outer tube (5); a slip limit ring circumferential groove (47) is provided on the slip limit ring (7); and the straightening outer tube (5) realizes axial limit through the cooperation of the straightening outer tube axial groove (44) and the slip limit ring circumferential groove (47) to realize circumferential rotation and axial limit at the same time.

2. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slip top ring (10) is provided with a slip top ring ratchet (52) that matches with the rack ratchet (46) on the surface of the ratchet rack (6); one end of the slip top ring (10) is axially limited with the slip sleeve (12) through the slip top ring axial connection groove (51) and can rotate circumferentially; The cava top ring (10) is provided with a top ring tie rod through hole (53) to provide a circumferential rotation space relative to the anchor mechanism limit tie rod (13); the cava top ring ratchet (52) is meshed with the ratchet rack (6) to form a unidirectional movement to prevent retreat after setting; and the side of the cava top ring (10) is provided with a cava top ring mounting hole (55) to connect the multi-petal structure through a second stud (11).

3. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cava sleeve (12) is connected to the cava top ring (10) via the cava sleeve axial connection groove (57) to achieve circumferential rotation and axial limitation at the same time, and an anchoring mechanism limiting pull rod (13) is provided on the cava sleeve (12) via the cava sleeve pull rod hole (56), and three cava grooves (58) are provided on the cava sleeve (12), and the cava sleeve (12) is provided with a bidirectional cava (14) via the cava grooves (58) to achieve bidirectional cava (14) expenditure anchoring.

4. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A sealing mechanism lock ring (16) is arranged outside the center tube (19); the sealing mechanism lock ring (16) is meshed with the inner ratchet (65) of the cava upper support (18) via the outer ratchet (61) of the lock ring; the inner wall of the sealing mechanism lock ring (16) is meshed with the center tube ratchet (74) of the center tube (19) via the inner ratchet (62) of the lock ring; and the sealing mechanism lock ring (16) is provided with a lock ring expansion groove (63) for the expansion and retraction of the ratchet teeth.

5. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The center tube (19) is provided with a slip upper support (18) through a pin (15); the slip upper support (18) is provided with a slip upper support pin hole (67) that cooperates with the pin (15); the lower end of the slip upper support (18) is provided with a slip upper support slide groove (66) that cooperates with the slip bottom boss (59); the middle inner surface of the slip upper support (18) is provided with a slip upper support inner ratchet (65) that is connected to a sealing mechanism lock ring ( 16) to achieve locking, the slip upper support (18) is provided with a slip upper support rod hole (64) which is connected to the anchor mechanism limit rod (13) through a thread, the slip upper support (18) is provided with a slip upper support clamp clamping surface (68) for facilitating clamping during installation, and the upper end of the slip upper support (18) is provided with a slip upper support annular groove (69) which is evenly distributed on the circumference of a circle to allow fluid to enter the slip upper support (18); The bidirectional slip (14) is provided with a slip bottom boss (59) which cooperates with the slip sleeve (12), and the bidirectional slip (14) is provided with a slip upper support (18). The bidirectional slip (14) is provided with a slip ratchet (60), and the slip ratchet (60) can bite the inner wall of the sleeve to achieve bidirectional anchoring.

6. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The lower end of the center tube (19) is connected to the diverter nozzle (2) via a first center tube external thread (70); the center tube (19) is provided with a center tube flange (71) for axially limiting the end cover (3) of the straightening block before sealing; the center tube (19) is provided with a center tube lug (72) for clamping with the top ring J-shaped groove (54); the middle end of the center tube (19) is provided with a center tube ratchet (74) for meshing with the locking ring external ratchet (61); the center tube (19) is provided with a shear pin installation groove (73) for connecting with the pin hole (67) of the upper support of the slip via a pin (15); the upper end of the center tube (19) is provided with a second center tube external thread (76) for connecting with the upper nozzle (26); The rubber cylinder compression tube (20) is a three-petal structure with rubber cylinder compression tube mounting holes (78) at both ends connected via a third stud (21), and a rubber cylinder compression tube groove (77) is provided in the middle of the rubber cylinder compression tube (20) to achieve axial sliding fit with the vortex tube (24).

7. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The lower end of the vortex tube (24) is provided with a V-shaped packing bidirectional sealing group (17) through a sealing installation groove (79); the outside of the vortex tube (24) is provided with a vortex tube air inlet flange (81) that cooperates circumferentially with the rubber cylinder compression tube groove (77) to achieve axial sliding; the inside of the vortex tube air inlet flange (81) is provided with a vortex tube gas return hole (82); the upper end of the vortex tube (24) is provided with a vortex tube flange (83) that contacts the lower end of the connecting short section (25) for transmitting pressure; the vortex tube (24) is provided with a vortex tube external thread (84) that is connected to the connecting short section (25); and the vortex tube (24) is provided with a plurality of vortex tube clamp holding surfaces (85) for clamping during installation.

8. The device for mitigating temperature rise due to negative JT effect in high-pressure and high-yield wells according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the connecting pup joint (25) is connected to the upper nozzle (26) via a first connecting pup joint internal thread (86); a plurality of connecting pup joint exhaust holes (87) are evenly arranged in the middle of the connecting pup joint (25) along the circumferential direction; the lower end of the connecting pup joint (25) is connected to the vortex tube (24) via a second connecting pup joint internal thread (88); and a connecting pup joint clamping surface (89) is provided on the connecting pup joint (25) for clamping during installation; The lower end of the upper nozzle (26) is connected to the connecting short section (25) via an upper nozzle external thread (91); an upper nozzle flange (92) is provided in the middle of the upper nozzle (26) to realize axial positioning with the connecting short section (25); a plurality of upper nozzle clamping surfaces (93) are provided on the upper nozzle (26) for clamping during installation; an upper nozzle axial groove (95) is provided on the upper part of the upper nozzle (26) to cooperate with the axial groove (97) of the setting joint to realize torque transmission; and a setting joint tapered thread (98) is provided on the inner surface of the upper end of the setting joint (27) for connecting the oil pipe.

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