Dual-mode TBM cutter head structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure which comprises a cutterhead body and further comprises a plurality of smashing structures, each smashing structure comprises a slag discharging box, the slag discharging boxes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cutterhead body, and a telescopic air cylinder is arranged on one side of each slag discharging box; a driving toothed plate is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the telescopic air cylinder, rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged on one side of the slag discharging box, swing gears are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the rotating shafts, teeth of the swing gears are meshed with teeth of the driving toothed plate, and swing plates are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the outer walls of the rotating shafts. Through the arranged crushing structure, a hammer plate swings towards the inner side of the slag discharging box in a reciprocating mode under the action of a telescopic air cylinder, and when mud blocks are clamped on the inner side of the slag discharging box, the hammer plate can knock the clamped mud blocks to crush the mud blocks, so that the situation that the mud blocks clamp the slag discharging opening can be effectively prevented, and it is guaranteed that the inner side of the slag discharging box is unblocked; and the device cannot operate normally due to blockage caused by clods is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is a new and advanced tunnel construction machine that uses a rotating cutter to excavate, break up the surrounding rock in the tunnel and excavate to form the entire tunnel section. It is fast, safe, economical and of high quality, and is an important tool for underground space development.

[0003] A Chinese patent with announcement number CN217327318U discloses a cutterhead structure based on a TBM dual-mode shield machine. After the cutter is installed, the two fenders are merged together. The two fenders serve to isolate and block the bearings, so that the bearings are located in a relatively independent and closed space, thereby preventing silty soil from entering the bearings used to install the cutter, causing the bearings to be blocked and sticky, which helps to ensure that the cutter can rotate normally. Its structure is more optimized and the design is more reasonable.

[0004] However, during the operation of the above technical solution, when the roller cutter is crushing the soil, the crushed soil will be discharged through the slag discharge port. During the soil discharge process, large pieces of soil will be stuck in the slag discharge port, causing the slag discharge port to be blocked, affecting the normal use of the equipment.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a dual-mode TBM cutter head structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a dual-mode TBM cutter head structure described in the present invention includes a cutter head main body and a plurality of crushing structures, the crushing structure includes a slag discharge box, the slag discharge box is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cutter head main body, a telescopic cylinder is provided on one side of the slag discharge box, a driving tooth plate is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder, a rotating shaft is symmetrically provided on one side of the slag discharge box, a swing gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the teeth of the swing gear are meshed with the teeth of the driving tooth plate, a swing plate is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a cross plate is fixedly installed between the outer walls of the swing plate, and a plurality of hammer plates are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cross plate.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an anti-blocking structure, the interior of the anti-blocking structure includes a driving rod, the driving rod is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slag discharge box, the outer wall of the driving rod is fixedly installed with a pushing tooth plate, the teeth of the pushing tooth plate are meshed with the teeth of the swing gear, the outer wall of the driving rod is fixedly installed with a plurality of sliding tooth plates, a roller is provided on one side of each sliding tooth plate, a rotating gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the roller, the teeth of the rotating gear are meshed with the teeth of the sliding tooth plate, a circular plate is fixedly installed at one end of the roller, and a plurality of material discharging shafts are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the circular plate.

[0009] Preferably, a buffer plate is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the hammer plate, a telescopic column and an elastic member are fixedly mounted between the outer wall of the buffer plate and the inner wall of the hammer plate, the elastic member is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic column, and a hammer head is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the buffer plate.

[0010] Preferably, two groups of positioning plates are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box, and the number of the positioning plates in each group is two, and the two rotating shafts are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of each group of positioning plates.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the driving tooth plate is symmetrically provided with limiting grooves, the outer wall of the slag discharge box is symmetrically fixed with limiting frames, and the outer walls of the two limiting frames are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two limiting grooves respectively.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box, and the telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a frame is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the slag discharge box, the inner wall of the frame is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hammer plate, and a material guide plate is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box.

[0014] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the pushing tooth plate, a support frame is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box, and the outer wall of the support frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide groove.

[0015] Preferably, sliders are fixedly mounted on both ends of the driving rod, the outer wall of the slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slag discharge box, and the outer wall of the roller is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slag discharge box.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of center cutters, front cutters and side cutters are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the cutter disc body, and a plurality of water spray holes are opened on the inner wall of the cutter disc body.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The dual-mode TBM cutter head structure described in the present invention, through the crushing structure, enables the hammer plate to swing back and forth toward the inside of the slag discharge box under the action of the telescopic cylinder. When there is mud stuck inside the slag discharge box, the hammer plate will knock the stuck mud to crush the mud, thereby effectively preventing the mud from getting stuck in the slag discharge port, ensuring the inside of the slag discharge box is unobstructed, and avoiding blockage caused by mud that makes the device unable to operate normally.

[0018] 2. The dual-mode TBM cutter head structure described in the present invention, through the anti-blocking structure, when the slag box is performing slag discharge work, pushes the tooth plate to reciprocate under the action of the swing gear, so that the material-discharging shaft can reciprocate on the inner side of the slag box. Under the action of the material-discharging shaft, the slag inside the slag box can be guided, so that the slag can be effectively discharged, avoiding blockage inside the slag box.

[0019] 3. In the dual-mode TBM cutter disc structure described in the present invention, when crushing mud blocks, the hammer head strikes the mud blocks under the action of the hammer plate. When the hammer head contacts the mud blocks, the elastic part will be forced to shrink for buffering, thereby preventing damage to the device caused by the impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the swing gear of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving gear plate of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pushing tooth plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving rod of the present invention; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the hammer plate structure of the present invention; In the figure: 1. cutter head body; 2. crushing structure; 201. slag discharge box; 202. telescopic cylinder; 203. driving tooth plate; 204. rotating shaft; 205. swing gear; 206. swing plate; 207. horizontal plate; 208. hammer plate; 2081. buffer plate; 2082. telescopic column; 2083. elastic member; 2084. hammer head; 209. positioning plate; 210. limit groove; 211. Limiting frame; 212, mounting plate; 213, frame; 214, material guide plate; 3, anti-blocking structure; 301, driving rod; 302, pushing tooth plate; 303, sliding tooth plate; 304, roller; 305, rotating gear; 306, circular plate; 307, material removal shaft; 308, slide groove; 309, supporting frame; 310, slider; 4, center knife; 5, positive roller; 6, side roller; 7, water spray hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a dual-mode TBM cutter head structure described in an embodiment of the present invention includes a cutter head body 1 and a plurality of crushing structures 2. The crushing structure 2 includes a slag box 201, the slag box 201 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cutter head body 1, a telescopic cylinder 202 is provided on one side of the slag box 201, a driving tooth plate 203 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder 202, a rotating shaft 204 is symmetrically provided on one side of the slag box 201, a swing gear 205 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 204, the teeth of the swing gear 205 are meshed with the teeth of the driving tooth plate 203, a swing plate 206 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 204, a transverse plate 207 is fixedly installed between the outer walls of the swing plate 206, and a plurality of When the tunnel is working, the soil generated by tunnel excavation will enter the interior of the slag box 201, and the telescopic cylinder 202 will be started back and forth to drive the driving tooth plate 203 to reciprocate. When the driving tooth plate 203 moves, it will drive the swing gear 205 to rotate back and forth. The swing gear 205 makes the rotating shaft 204 rotate accordingly. When the rotating shaft 204 rotates, it will drive the swing plate 206 to swing. When the swing plate 206 swings, it will drive the hammer plate 208 to swing through the cross plate 207. The hammer plates 208 on both sides will simultaneously extend back and forth toward the inside of the slag box 201 through the slots on the slag box 201. When a large mud block is stuck on the inside of the slag box 201, the hammer plate 208 extends toward the inside of the slag box 201 to knock the mud block, thereby crushing the mud block.

[0024] like Figures 5 and 6As shown, it also includes an anti-blocking structure 3, the interior of the anti-blocking structure 3 includes a driving rod 301, the driving rod 301 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the slag discharge box 201, the outer wall of the driving rod 301 is fixedly installed with a pushing tooth plate 302, the teeth of the pushing tooth plate 302 are meshed with the teeth of the swing gear 205, the outer wall of the driving rod 301 is fixedly installed with a plurality of sliding tooth plates 303, one side of each sliding tooth plate 303 is provided with a roller 304, the outer wall of the roller 304 is fixedly installed with a rotating gear 305, the teeth of the rotating gear 305 are meshed with the teeth of the sliding tooth plate 303, one end of the roller 304 is fixedly installed with a circular plate 306, A plurality of material-discharging shafts 307 are fixedly installed on the outer wall; when the swing gear 205 reciprocates, the pushing tooth plate 302 meshing with it will reciprocate, and the movement of the pushing tooth plate 302 will push the driving rod 301 to move, and the movement of the driving rod 301 will cause the sliding tooth plate 303 connected to it to reciprocate, and the reciprocating movement of the sliding tooth plate 303 will cause the rotating gear 305 meshing with it to reciprocate, thereby rotating the roller 304, and when the roller 304 rotates, the material-discharging shaft 307 will reciprocate through the circular plate 306, and the rotation of the material-discharging shaft 307 will loosen the soil entering the slag box 201 to prevent blockage.

[0025] like Figure 7 As shown, a buffer plate 2081 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the hammer plate 208, and a telescopic column 2082 and an elastic member 2083 are fixedly installed between the outer wall of the buffer plate 2081 and the inner wall of the hammer plate 208. The elastic member 2083 is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic column 2082, and a hammer head 2084 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the buffer plate 2081; during the reciprocating swing of the hammer plate 208, the hammer head 2084 will knock the mud stuck on the inner side of the slag box 201, and when the hammer head 2084 contacts the mud, the elastic member 2083 will shrink to provide buffering to prevent damage to the device caused by strong impact.

[0026] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, two groups of positioning plates 209 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slag box 201, and the number of each group of positioning plates 209 is two, and two rotating shafts 204 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of each group of positioning plates 209; the rotating shaft 204 is positioned by the positioning plate 209, and the rotating shaft 204 is kept in a suitable position, and the rotating shaft 204 can be rotated, thereby ensuring that power can be effectively transmitted.

[0027] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the outer wall of the driving tooth plate 203 is symmetrically provided with limiting grooves 210, and the outer wall of the slag discharge box 201 is symmetrically fixed with limiting frames 211, and the outer walls of the two limiting frames 211 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two limiting grooves 210 respectively; through the cooperation of the limiting grooves 210 and the limiting frames 211, the driving tooth plate 203 is limited, so that the driving tooth plate 203 can only move along a preset direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the driving tooth plate 203 during movement and preventing the driving tooth plate 203 from deflecting during movement.

[0028] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a mounting plate 212 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box 201, and the telescopic cylinder 202 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate 212; the telescopic cylinder 202 is fixed by the mounting plate 212 to provide a fulcrum for the telescopic cylinder 202, so that the telescopic cylinder 202 can stably provide power for the operation of the device.

[0029] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, a frame 213 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slag box 201, and the inner wall of the frame 213 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hammer plate 208, and a guide plate 214 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slag box 201; when the hammer plate 208 moves toward the outside of the slag box 201, the hammer head 2084 will enter the inner side of the frame 213. Through the setting of the frame 213, when the hammer head 2084 moves toward the mud block to strike, there is a certain distance between the hammer head 2084 and the mud block, ensuring that the mud block can be effectively crushed.

[0030] like Figures 5 and 6 As shown, a slide groove 308 is provided on the outer wall of the pushing tooth plate 302, and a support frame 309 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the slag discharge box 201, and the outer wall of the support frame 309 and the inner wall of the slide groove 308 are slidably connected; through the cooperation of the set slide groove 308 and the support frame 309, the pushing tooth plate 302 is supported and limited, so that the pushing tooth plate 302 can stably cooperate with the swing gear 205, thereby realizing reciprocating motion.

[0031] like Figures 5 and 6 As shown, sliders 310 are fixedly installed at both ends of the driving rod 301, the outer wall of the slider 310 is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the slag box 201, and the outer wall of the roller 304 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slag box 201; the driving rod 301 is limited by the slider 310 to ensure that the driving rod 301 can move stably, the roller 304 is connected to the slag box 201, and the roller 304 is positioned so that the material digging shaft 307 is located on the inner side of the slag box 201 to loosen the soil.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, a plurality of center cutters 4, positive roller cutters 5 and side roller cutters 6 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the cutter disc main body 1, and a plurality of water spray holes 7 are opened on the inner wall of the cutter disc main body 1; when the cutter disc main body 1 rotates, the center cutter 4, positive roller cutters 5 and side roller cutters 6 will be pressed against the rock surface under the action of thrust, and as the cutter disc rotates, the roller cutters produce a comprehensive effect of squeezing, shearing and pulling on the rock, thereby breaking the rock, and spraying high-pressure water mist through the water spray holes 7 can effectively reduce the dust concentration in the air, improve the construction environment, and protect the health of construction workers.

[0033] Working principle: After the device is installed, start the device to rotate the cutter head body 1. When the cutter head body 1 rotates, the tunnel excavation work is carried out through the center cutter 4, the positive roller cutter 5 and the side roller cutter 6. The soil generated by the excavation work will enter the interior of the slag box 201. After the soil enters the slag box 201, it will be transported through the conveying channel in the slag box 201. When the conveying work is carried out, the telescopic cylinder 202 will drive the driving tooth plate 203 to reciprocate. When the driving tooth plate 203 moves, it will drive the swing gear 205 to reciprocate, thereby causing the hammer plate 208 to swing. When the hammer plate 208 swings, it will move toward the slag box The inner side of the box 201 is extended to knock the mud blocks that may be stuck inside the slag discharge box 201. When the hammer plate 208 is knocking, the hammer head 2084 will knock the mud blocks. When the hammer head 2084 contacts the mud blocks, the hammer head 2084 is squeezed to cause the elastic member 2083 to contract, thereby performing buffering. While the knocking work is being performed, the swing gear 205 will drive the pushing tooth plate 302 to reciprocate. When the pushing tooth plate 302 moves, the sliding tooth plate 303 will move. The sliding tooth plate 303 drives the roller 304 to reciprocate by rotating the gear 305, thereby rotating the material removing shaft 307.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure, comprising a cutterhead body (1), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a plurality of crushing structures (2), wherein the crushing structures (2) comprise a slag discharge box (201), the slag discharge box (201) being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cutter head body (1), a telescopic cylinder (202) being arranged on one side of the slag discharge box (201), a driving tooth plate (203) being fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic cylinder (202), a rotating shaft (204) being symmetrically arranged on one side of the slag discharge box (201), a swing gear (205) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (204), the teeth of the swing gear (205) being meshed with the teeth of the driving tooth plate (203), a swing plate (206) being symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (204), a transverse plate (207) being fixedly mounted between the outer walls of the swing plate (206), and a plurality of hammer plates (208) being fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the transverse plate (207).

2. A dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an anti-blocking structure (3), wherein the interior of the anti-blocking structure (3) comprises a driving rod (301), wherein the driving rod (301) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the slag discharge box (201), wherein a pushing tooth plate (302) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the driving rod (301), wherein the teeth of the pushing tooth plate (302) mesh with the teeth of the swing gear (205), wherein a plurality of sliding tooth plates (303) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the driving rod (301), wherein a roller (304) is provided on one side of each sliding tooth plate (303), wherein a rotating gear (305) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the roller (304), wherein the teeth of the rotating gear (305) mesh with the teeth of the sliding tooth plate (303), wherein a circular plate (306) is fixedly mounted on one end of the roller (304), wherein a plurality of material-discharging shafts (307) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the circular plate (306).

3. A dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer plate (2081) is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the hammer plate (208); a telescopic column (2082) and an elastic member (2083) are fixedly mounted between the outer wall of the buffer plate (2081) and the inner wall of the hammer plate (208); the elastic member (2083) is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic column (2082); and a hammer head (2084) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the buffer plate (2081).

4. A dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of positioning plates (209) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box (201), and each group of positioning plates (209) has two members, and the two rotating shafts (204) are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of each group of positioning plates (209).

5. The dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the driving tooth plate (203) is symmetrically provided with limiting grooves (210), and the outer wall of the slag discharge box (201) is symmetrically fixedly installed with limiting frames (211), and the outer walls of the two limiting frames (211) are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two limiting grooves (210).

6. A dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate (212) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box (201), and the telescopic cylinder (202) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting plate (212).

7. The dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frame body (213) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the slag discharge box (201), the inner wall of the frame body (213) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the hammer plate (208), and a material guide plate (214) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slag discharge box (201).

8. The dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pushing tooth plate (302) is provided with a slide groove (308), and the outer wall of the slag discharge box (201) is fixedly installed with a support frame (309), and the outer wall of the support frame (309) and the inner wall of the slide groove (308) are slidably connected.

9. The dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Slide blocks (310) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the driving rod (301), the outer wall of the slide block (310) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slag discharge box (201), and the outer wall of the roller (304) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slag discharge box (201).

10. The dual-mode TBM cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the cutter disc body (1) is rotatably mounted with a plurality of center cutters (4), front cutters (5) and side cutters (6), and the inner wall of the cutter disc body (1) is provided with a plurality of water spray holes (7).

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