Underground cavern waterproof and drainage system and waterproof and drainage method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground cavern waterproof and drainage, in particular to an underground cavern waterproof and drainage system and a waterproof and drainage method, the waterproof and drainage system is arranged on a long observation hole, the waterproof and drainage system comprises a sleeve, a drainage plate and a fixing assembly, and one end of the sleeve is embedded in the long observation hole; the drainage plate is arranged on the outer wall of the middle of the sleeve through a fixing assembly. One end, far away from the long observation hole, of the sleeve is sealed; a water flow channel is arranged between the bottom of the sleeve and the inner wall of the long observation hole, one end of the water flow channel is communicated with the interior of the long observation hole, and the other end of the water flow channel extends to the drainage plate. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the waterproof and drainage reliability of the underground cavern is insufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground cavern drainage, and in particular to an underground cavern drainage system and drainage method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of underground engineering, with the rapid development of my country's economy and society, large-scale infrastructure construction projects are increasing, including important structures such as tunnels and underground plants located in mountainous areas and deep underground. In order to ensure the safety and stability of these underground cavern structures, long-term monitoring of their crack development and deformation characteristics is particularly important. To this end, a series of long observation holes are usually arranged on the inner wall of the underground cavern to facilitate regular monitoring activities such as in-hole television detection. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data, these long observation holes often need to be tens of meters deep in the bedrock. However, such a setting leads to another problem that cannot be ignored: the groundwater near the long observation hole continues to seep through the hole, posing a potential threat to the underground space environment.

[0003] At present, in order to solve the problem of groundwater constantly seeping out through the hole near the long observation hole, the existing technology adopts the measure of temporarily sealing the long observation hole with rubber plugs or other plugging materials; although this method can reduce or prevent groundwater leakage, this temporary sealing method cannot guarantee a long-term and reliable drainage effect; Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of insufficient reliability of underground cavern drainage, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground cavern drainage system and drainage method, and the technical scheme adopted is as follows:

[0005] The technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention provides an underground cavern drainage system, which is arranged on a long observation hole. The drainage system includes a casing, a drainage board and a fixing assembly, one end of the casing is embedded in the long observation hole; the drainage board is arranged on the outer wall of the middle part of the casing through a fixing assembly; the end of the casing away from the long observation hole is sealed; a water flow path is provided between the bottom of the casing and the inner wall of the long observation hole, one end of the water flow path is connected to the inside of the long observation hole, and the other end of the water flow path extends to the drainage board.

[0006] Furthermore, the fixing assembly includes a positioning flange, and the positioning flange is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, a sealing assembly is provided at one end of the sleeve away from the long viewing hole, and the sealing assembly includes a rubber plug, which is embedded in the sleeve and sealedly connected to the sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the sealing assembly also includes a protective shell, which is sleeved on the outer side of the rubber plug, and the protective shell and the rubber plug are detachably connected.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a water level detection device, which is arranged in the casing and is used to detect the water level in the casing.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of vibration devices are arranged at equal intervals in the water flow passage, a plurality of the vibration devices are arranged at the bottom of the casing, and a plurality of the vibration devices are electrically connected to the water level detection device.

[0011] Furthermore, a drainage ring is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve away from the long viewing hole. The drainage ring is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. An annular groove is provided on the side of the drainage ring away from the long viewing hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting portion matching the drainage ring is provided at one end of the sleeve close to the long viewing hole.

[0013] The technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention provides an underground cavern drainage method, which is used in the underground cavern drainage system described in the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention, and the method comprises:

[0014] Drill long observation holes at the target location of the underground cavern, starting from the primary lining concrete layer and drilling down to the bedrock layer;

[0015] Select a casing that matches the size of the long viewing hole, prefabricate a water flow passage of a preset length at the radial bottom of the casing, and the water flow passage runs through to the bottom of the casing hole; place the casing into a preset position in the long viewing hole and reserve a preset length outside the long viewing hole;

[0016] A mounting groove is arranged at the junction of the casing and the primary lining concrete, the positioning flange is sleeved on the casing and placed in the mounting groove, and the positioning flange is anchored to the primary lining concrete using expansion bolts;

[0017] Select a drainage board that matches the underground cave wall, fix the drainage board on the cave wall, and cover the junction between the casing and the primary lining concrete; the side of the drainage board close to the casing is sealed with sealant, and the junction between the drainage board and the water flow path is not sealed; the side of the drainage board away from the casing is sealed with waterproof coating and glass fiber mesh cloth;

[0018] After the drainage board is installed, pour the surface concrete on the underground cave wall and cover the drainage board and positioning flange to form a waterproof layer;

[0019] A rubber plug is installed on the outer port of the sleeve, and a protective shell is installed outside the rubber plug.

[0020] Furthermore, the method also includes: installing a water level detection device on the inner wall of the casing, and prefabricating a plurality of vibration devices at equal intervals on the outer wall of the casing close to the water flow path; configuring the plurality of vibration devices to be electrically connected to the water level detection device, and starting the vibration device when the water level detection device detects an abnormal water level in the casing.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The underground cavern drainage system and drainage method provided by the present invention set a water flow path between the bottom of the casing and the inner wall of the long observation hole, and use the water flow path to guide the groundwater to flow to the drainage board to prevent the groundwater from leaking out. Without affecting the normal use of the long observation hole, the reliability of drainage in the long observation hole is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an underground cavern drainage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a drainage ring provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A method flow chart of an underground cavern waterproofing and drainage method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Icons: 100-long observation hole, 200-casing, 210-water flow channel, 220-rubber plug, 230-protective shell, 240-water level detection device, 250-vibration device, 260-drainage ring, 261-annular groove, 270-limiting part, 300-drainage board, 310-sealant, 320-waterproof coating, 330-glass fiber mesh cloth, 400-positioning flange, 410-expansion bolt, 500-bedrock, 510-primary lining concrete, 520-surface concrete. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of the underground cavern drainage system and drainage method proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation method, structure, features and effects, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0030] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0031] The specific scheme of an underground cavern drainage system and drainage method provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, which shows a schematic structural diagram of an underground cavern drainage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention provides an underground cavern drainage system, wherein the drainage system is arranged on a long viewing hole 100, and the drainage system comprises a casing 200, a drainage board 300 and a fixing assembly, one end of the casing 200 is embedded in the long viewing hole 100; the drainage board 300 is arranged on the outer wall of the middle part of the casing 200 through a fixing assembly; the end of the casing 200 away from the long viewing hole 100 is sealed; a water flow passage 210 is provided between the bottom of the casing 200 and the inner wall of the long viewing hole 100, and one end of the water flow passage 210 is connected to the inner wall of the long viewing hole 100. The long hole 100 is internally connected, and the other end of the water flow passage 210 extends to the drain board 300; the fixing assembly includes a positioning flange 400, and the positioning flange 400 is sleeved on the outside of the casing 200; specifically, the casing 200 is preferably made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength PE (polyethylene) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material; the drain board 300 is preferably a drain board 300 with a concave-convex structure; in actual application, the long hole 100 is drilled at the target position of the underground cavern, starting from the primary lining concrete layer 510 to the bedrock layer 500; the drilling process should be kept vertical or drilled at a designed angle to ensure uniform hole diameter; after the drilling is completed, use Use a high-pressure water gun or other cleaning tools to remove debris and sundries in the hole to ensure that the hole is clean; then select a casing 200 that matches the size of the long viewing hole 100, prefabricate a water flow passage 210 of a preset length at the radial bottom of the casing 200, and the water flow passage 210 passes through the bottom of the casing 200; place the casing 200 in a preset position in the long viewing hole 100 and reserve a preset length outside the long viewing hole 100; then configure an installation groove at the junction of the casing 200 and the primary lining concrete 510, sleeve the positioning flange 400 on the casing 200 and place it in the installation groove, and use the expansion bolts 410 to anchor the positioning flange 400 to the primary lining concrete 510; then select The drainage board 300 matched with the underground cave wall is fixed on the cave wall and covers the junction between the casing 200 and the primary lining concrete 510; the side of the drainage board 300 close to the casing 200 is sealed with a sealant 310, and the junction between the drainage board 300 and the water flow passage 210 is not sealed; the side of the drainage board 300 away from the casing 200 is sealed with a waterproof coating 320 and a glass fiber mesh cloth 330; after the drainage board 300 is installed, the surface concrete 520 is poured on the underground cave wall and covers the drainage board 300 and the positioning flange 400 to form a waterproof layer; finally, the external port of the casing 200 is sealed;

[0033] The underground cavern drainage system provided in this embodiment sets a water flow path 210 between the bottom of the casing 200 and the inner wall of the long observation hole 100, and uses the water flow path 210 to guide the groundwater to flow to the drainage board 300 to prevent the groundwater from leaking out. Under the premise of not affecting the normal use of the long observation hole 100, the reliability of drainage in the long observation hole 100 is effectively improved.

[0034] Preferably, a sealing assembly is provided at one end of the sleeve 200 away from the long viewing hole 100, and the sealing assembly includes a rubber plug 220, the rubber plug 220 is embedded in the sleeve 200 and is sealed with the sleeve 200, and the sealing assembly also includes a protective shell 230, the protective shell 230 is sleeved on the outside of the rubber plug 220, and the protective shell 230 and the rubber plug 220 are detachably connected; specifically, the rubber plug 220 is preferably made of butyl rubber or EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber), and the size of the rubber plug 220 accurately matches the inner diameter of the sleeve 200, so as to be tightly embedded and form a reliable sealing interface; the protective shell 230 is used to provide physical protection for the rubber plug 220 to prevent external mechanical damage and environmental factors from damaging the rubber plug 220, and the protective shell 230 is preferably made of stainless steel, and the protective shell 230 and the rubber plug 220 are preferably detachably connected in a snap-on manner;

[0035] Preferably, it also includes a water level detection device 240, which is arranged in the casing 200 and is used to detect the water level in the casing 200. A plurality of vibration devices 250 are arranged at equal intervals in the water flow passage 210, and a plurality of the vibration devices 250 are arranged at the bottom of the casing 200, and the plurality of the vibration devices 250 are electrically connected to the water level detection device 240. Specifically, the water level sensor is preferably a capacitive sensor, which is installed at a position close to the bottom of the casing 200 but not submerged by the water flow under normal flow rate. The vibration device 250 is preferably a piezoelectric ceramic element, which generates vibration after receiving an electrical signal. When the water level detection device 240 detects that the water level in the casing 200 is abnormal, the vibration device 250 is started to avoid the problem of sediment blockage in the water flow passage. The accumulated sediment can also be removed by regular activation to keep the water flow passage 210 unobstructed.

[0036] Preferably, see Figure 3, a drainage ring 260 is further provided on the inner wall of the end of the sleeve 200 away from the long viewing hole 100, and the drainage ring 260 is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 200, and the drainage ring 260 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the sleeve 200, and an annular groove 261 is provided on the side of the drainage ring 260 away from the long viewing hole 100; the end of the sleeve 200 close to the long viewing hole 100 is provided with a limiting portion 270 matching the drainage ring 260; specifically, the drainage ring 260 is preferably made of rubber material, and the annular structure design enables the drainage ring 260 to slide closely against the inner wall of the sleeve 200, and the limiting portion 270 is used to prevent the drainage ring 260 from completely falling off from the sleeve 200. The limiting portion 270 can specifically be a raised portion inside the sleeve 200 or a retaining ring structure installed at the mouth of the sleeve 200, and the drainage ring 260 is used to discharge the groundwater in the casing 200, so as to facilitate the detection work inside the long observation hole 100; this is because when the water flow path 210 is blocked, some groundwater may enter the casing 200 and cannot be discharged. Since relevant instruments need to be placed inside the long observation hole 100 during the detection process, in order to avoid the groundwater in the casing 200 from affecting the relevant instruments, a drainage ring 260 is set for drainage; in actual use, a tool can be embedded in the annular groove 261 to push the drainage ring 260 to reciprocate along the casing 200. During the movement, the drainage ring 260 will push the water in front to the water flow path 210, and finally discharge it through the drainage plate 300. After the drainage is completed, the tool can be reversed to return the drainage ring 260 to the initial position;

[0037] See also Figure 4 , which shows a method flow chart of an underground cavern drainage method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention provides an underground cavern drainage method, which is used in the underground cavern drainage system described in the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention. The method includes:

[0038] Step S1: Drill a long viewing hole 100 at the target position of the underground cavern, starting from the primary lining concrete layer 510 and ending at the bedrock layer 500; specifically, the hole should be drilled vertically or at a designed angle during the drilling process to ensure that the hole diameter is uniform; after the drilling is completed, use a high-pressure water gun or other cleaning tools to remove debris and sundries in the hole to ensure that the hole is clean;

[0039] Step S2: Select a casing 200 that matches the size of the long hole 100, prefabricate a water flow passage 210 of a preset length at the radial bottom of the casing 200, and the water flow passage 210 passes through the bottom of the casing 200; place the casing 200 at a preset position in the long hole 100 and reserve a preset length outside the long hole 100; specifically, before placing the casing 200 into the long hole 100, check whether the hole has been cleaned and confirm that the hole diameter is uniform and unobstructed; the prefabricated water flow passage 210 provides a clear and direct discharge path for groundwater, reduces the retention time of water in the hole, and improves the drainage efficiency of the entire system;

[0040] Step S3: a mounting groove is arranged at the junction of the casing 200 and the primary lining concrete 510, a positioning flange 400 is sleeved on the casing 200 and placed in the mounting groove, and the positioning flange 400 is anchored to the primary lining concrete 510 using expansion bolts 410; specifically, the mounting groove is a groove reserved when the primary lining concrete 510 is poured, and the size of the mounting groove matches the positioning flange 400. By firmly anchoring the positioning flange 400 to the primary lining concrete 510, the stability of the casing 200 is enhanced, and the displacement risk caused by external forces is reduced;

[0041] Step S4: Select a drain board 300 that matches the underground cave wall, fix the drain board 300 on the cave wall, and cover the junction of the casing 200 and the primary lining concrete 510; the side of the drain board 300 close to the casing 200 is sealed with a sealant 310, and the junction of the drain board 300 and the water flow path 210 is not sealed; the side of the drain board 300 away from the casing 200 is sealed with a waterproof coating 320 and a glass fiber mesh cloth 330; specifically, the sealant 310 should be applied evenly to ensure that there is no leakage point between the drain board 300 and the casing 200, the waterproof coating 320 is applied, and the glass fiber mesh cloth 330 is laid to enhance the strength and stability of the waterproof layer, and the waterproof coating 320 should completely cover the edge of the drain board 300 and the cave wall joint to prevent water penetration;

[0042] Step S5: After the drainage board 300 is installed, a surface layer of concrete 520 is poured on the underground cave wall and covers the drainage board 300 and the positioning flange 400 to form a waterproof layer;

[0043] Step S6: Install the rubber stopper 220 on the external port of the sleeve 200 , and install the protective shell 230 on the outside of the rubber stopper 220 .

[0044] Preferably, the method further includes: installing a water level detection device 240 on the inner wall of the casing 200, and prefabricating a plurality of vibration devices 250 at equal intervals on the outer wall of the casing 200 near the water flow passage 210; configuring the plurality of vibration devices 250 to be electrically connected to the water level detection device 240, and starting the vibration device 250 when the water level detection device 240 detects an abnormal water level in the casing 200; specifically, a microcontroller can be used to read the data of the water level detection device 240, and determine whether to start the vibration device 250 according to a preset threshold value, and the automated control method further improves the reliability of drainage.

[0045] It should be noted that the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. Underground cavern drainage system, characterized in that: The anti-drainage system is arranged on the long viewing hole, and the anti-drainage system includes a sleeve, a drainage board and a fixing component, one end of the sleeve is embedded in the long viewing hole; the drainage board is arranged on the outer wall in the middle of the sleeve through the fixing component; the end of the sleeve away from the long viewing hole is sealed; a water flow path is provided between the bottom of the sleeve and the inner wall of the long viewing hole, one end of the water flow path is connected to the inside of the long viewing hole, and the other end of the water flow path extends to the drainage board.

2. The underground cavern drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a positioning flange, and the positioning flange is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve.

3. The underground cavern drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing assembly is provided at one end of the sleeve away from the long viewing hole. The sealing assembly includes a rubber plug, which is embedded in the sleeve and sealedly connected to the sleeve.

4. The underground cavern drainage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing assembly also includes a protective shell, which is sleeved on the outer side of the rubber plug, and the protective shell and the rubber plug are detachably connected.

5. The underground cavern drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a water level detection device, which is arranged in the casing and is used to detect the water level in the casing.

6. The underground cavern drainage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of vibration devices are arranged at equal intervals in the water flow passage, a plurality of the vibration devices are arranged at the bottom of the sleeve, and a plurality of the vibration devices are electrically connected to the water level detection device.

7. The underground cavern drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drainage ring is also provided on the inner wall of the sleeve away from the long viewing hole. The drainage ring is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve, and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. An annular groove is provided on the side of the drainage ring away from the long viewing hole.

8. The underground cavern drainage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the sleeve close to the long viewing hole is provided with a limiting portion matching the drainage ring.

9. A method for preventing and draining underground caverns, characterized in that: For the underground cavern drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprises: Drill long observation holes at the target location of the underground cavern, starting from the primary lining concrete layer and drilling down to the bedrock layer; Select a casing that matches the size of the long viewing hole, prefabricate a water flow passage of a preset length at the radial bottom of the casing, and the water flow passage runs through to the bottom of the casing hole; place the casing into a preset position in the long viewing hole and reserve a preset length outside the long viewing hole; A mounting groove is arranged at the junction of the casing and the primary lining concrete, the positioning flange is sleeved on the casing and placed in the mounting groove, and the positioning flange is anchored to the primary lining concrete using expansion bolts; Select a drainage board that matches the underground cave wall, fix the drainage board on the cave wall, and cover the junction between the casing and the primary lining concrete; the side of the drainage board close to the casing is sealed with sealant, and the junction between the drainage board and the water flow path is not sealed; the side of the drainage board away from the casing is sealed with waterproof coating and glass fiber mesh cloth; After the drainage board is installed, pour the surface concrete on the underground cave wall and cover the drainage board and positioning flange to form a waterproof layer; A rubber plug is installed on the outer port of the sleeve, and a protective shell is installed outside the rubber plug.

10. The underground cavern drainage method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method also includes: installing a water level detection device on the inner wall of the casing, and prefabricating a plurality of vibration devices at equal intervals on the outer wall of the casing close to the water flow path; configuring the plurality of vibration devices to be electrically connected to the water level detection device, and starting the vibration device when the water level detection device detects an abnormal water level in the casing.

Images