A radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a radial brush-type labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine, forming a composite labyrinth mechanism of brush seal and labyrinth seal. The brush-type labyrinth seal device is formed by the front baffle, the rear baffle, brush wires, wave spring sheets, and labyrinth grooves cooperating with each other to form a dynamic sealing system. The labyrinth grooves form a labyrinth effect, the brush wires form a brush seal, and the wave spring sheets enhance the multi-layer sealing effect. The labyrinth grooves are square, circular, and trapezoidal, forming a labyrinth effect, slowing down the flow of gas through complex paths and increasing the sealing effect. The brush wires are provided with thrust by the wave spring sheets, and brush wires are fixed between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the brush wires contact the outer surface of the rotor to form a seal. The brush wires are made of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy or carbon fiber material and are evenly distributed to improve the sealing efficiency. The radial brush-type labyrinth seal device described in the present invention is stable under high-speed operation, and optimizes the sealing performance and reliability of the cycloid rotor engine under different working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engine radial sealing, and relates to a radial brush-labyrinth sealing device inside a cycloid rotor engine. Background Art

[0002] A labyrinth seal consists of multiple intersecting channels, through which the fluid changes direction and path. The complex channels within a labyrinth seal increase resistance to fluid flow, thereby reducing leakage. A labyrinth seal consists of a gap between the rotating and stationary components, the shape and size of which directly impact the sealing effect. Through these grooves or channels, a labyrinth seal effectively controls fluid leakage and achieves sealing performance. One of the main drawbacks of using only labyrinth seals in radial sealing systems for cycloidal rotor engines is high leakage rates. While labyrinth seals aim to reduce fluid leakage through their multiple grooves and complex channel structure, the limitations of this design become particularly pronounced in high-speed and high-temperature environments. At high speeds, the fluid generates significant kinetic energy, significantly increasing leakage as it passes through the seal structure. In aircraft engines, such as cycloidal rotor engines, labyrinth seals experience reduced sealing performance under high temperatures and pressures, directly impacting the overall efficiency and reliability of the equipment. Another drawback of labyrinth seals is the impact of the dynamic behavior of the fluid on their sealing performance. When air flows through the channels of a labyrinth seal, vortices are prone to form, leading to unstable flow within the seal area and increasing localized pressure. This pressure variation further weakens the seal, especially under the operating conditions of aircraft engines or turbines. The eddy current effect causes gas to accumulate at the seal, exacerbating leakage. When the gas flow is uneven, localized high-pressure and low-pressure areas appear, affecting the overall performance of the labyrinth seal.

[0003] Brush seals are a sealing technology widely used in high-performance mechanical equipment, particularly in aircraft engines, gas turbines, and steam turbines. Brush seals primarily prevent gas or liquid leakage through the elasticity and frictional properties of the brush filaments. In the radial sealing system of a cycloidal rotor engine, brush seals are the sole sealing method. However, as a contact seal, they rely on the elastic deformation of the brush filaments to seal. In high-pressure environments, the contact pressure of the brush filaments is insufficient to effectively prevent leakage. Furthermore, in dynamic applications of rotor engines, if the brush filaments cannot fully conform to the moving surface of the rotor, the risk of leakage increases. Brush filaments are sensitive to aircraft engine operating conditions. At high or low temperatures, the brush filaments in brush seals lose their elasticity, affecting the sealing effect.

[0004] Maintaining a pressure differential between air chambers is crucial for the proper operation and efficient output of a cycloidal rotor engine. The power output of a cycloidal rotor engine relies on the high-pressure gases generated during combustion to propel the rotor's rotation. The pressure differential between the air chambers is the direct source of power driving the rotor's motion. If this pressure differential cannot be maintained, the rotor will not receive sufficient thrust, resulting in insufficient engine power output and reduced efficiency. Due to the significant pressure differential between the air chambers, several key contact points within the cycloidal rotor engine's cylinder block must be effectively sealed radially to prevent high-pressure gases from leaking into adjacent, lower-pressure chambers. If the radial seals are inadequate, the pressure differential between the air chambers will decrease, impacting the cycloidal rotor engine's power output and overall performance.

[0005] In a cycloid rotor engine, the key contact point for sealing is the rotor's inner wall, which must maintain contact with the inner wall of the housing during rotation. The rotor rotates along the inner wall of the stator while maintaining a certain gap. The sealing plate, under the action of the elastic element, always maintains close contact with the outer wall of the rotor, forming an effective radial seal. If a leak occurs between the air chambers, high-pressure combustion gases will enter the low-pressure air chamber, resulting in a decrease in combustion efficiency and a reduction in the power output of the cycloid rotor engine. More serious leaks can cause the cycloid rotor engine to be unable to maintain normal compression and combustion processes, ultimately leading to cycloid rotor engine failure and affecting the UAV's flight mission.

[0006] When a cycloid rotor engine is operating, the radial sealing plates operate in a harsh environment characterized by high temperature, high pressure, and a lack of lubrication. They must withstand the inertial forces caused by the high-speed rotation of the rotor and the gas pressure during the combustion and power phase of the rotor engine, resulting in wear, movement, and gas leakage. First, high temperatures can cause thermal expansion of the sealing plates and other components. Second, when the rotor rotates at high speeds, it generates enormous inertial forces; the friction caused by high-speed rotation also causes rapid wear of the sealing plates. Third, when the rotor rotates at high speeds, it experiences slight eccentric motion or vibration, which can cause the radial sealing plates to move or move within the sealing groove, leading to high-pressure gas leakage, reducing the compression and combustion efficiency of the cycloid rotor engine, and affecting the overall performance of the seal.

[0007] A Chinese patent (CN106401786A) discloses an H-shaped spring leaf as a radial seal. By designing the spring leaf into an H-shape, the structure at both ends and in the middle enhances its overall rigidity. Highly elastic and fatigue-resistant materials are used to adapt to high-speed operation. However, this technical solution suffers from the fact that the entire sealing system relies on a single H-shaped spring leaf, which is prone to deformation and fatigue at high speeds, leading to seal failure. Furthermore, the spring leaf is subject to heavy loads at high speeds, potentially causing excessive deformation. Once deformed, the spring leaf is unable to provide sufficient preload, resulting in reduced sealing performance or even failure.

[0008] A Chinese patent (CN110469424A) discloses a technical solution in which the top of the sealing plate is a combined sealing structure. The top of the sealing plate adopts a combined sealing structure, which is composed of two overlapping sealing plates. The two sealing plates are overlapped to form a whole. When the rotating component (such as a rotor) is running, the sealing plate contacts the surface of the rotating component. And an attempt is made to enhance the rigidity and stability of the sealing plate with the overlapping structure to form an effective physical barrier to prevent gas or liquid from leaking through the gap of the sealing plate. The defect of this technical solution is that it has poor resistance to eccentric failure. Specifically, the combined sealing structure cannot effectively adapt to the eccentric movement of the rotor, which easily leads to sealing failure. When the rotor undergoes eccentric movement or slight deformation, the sealing plate cannot maintain continuous close contact, resulting in an increased risk of leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and propose a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine in order to solve the sealing problems caused by installation, wear, failure, pressure difference and eccentric movement during rotor operation.

[0010] The present invention provides a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine, which improves the sealing technology of the cycloid rotor engine. Specifically, first, the brush seal uses the wear-resistant brush wire material and the gap formed by the brush wire structure under high temperature and high pressure environment to form a primary seal, thereby reducing direct gas leakage. Second, the labyrinth seal increases the resistance to gas passage by designing a complex sealing channel, further improving the sealing effect and reducing gas leakage. Third, the brush seal and the labyrinth seal are combined and applied in the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine of the present invention to form a composite sealing structure, thereby optimizing the sealing performance of the cycloid rotor engine and ensuring its reliability under high temperature, high pressure and high-speed rotation conditions. (2) Specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention

[0011] A radial brush-labyrinth seal device is provided inside a cycloid rotor engine. The rotor mechanism of the cycloid rotor engine is surrounded by three arc-shaped side walls to form a three-lobed cavity. The rotor is located within the three-lobed cavity of the stator, and the outer surface of the rotor contacts the stator sealing plate to form a contact surface between the rotor and the stator sealing plate.

[0012] The radial brush-labyrinth seal is installed in a groove on the stator, fixed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and remains stationary.

[0013] The radial brush-labyrinth seal device of the present invention is composed of a front baffle 103, a rear baffle 102, a brush 104, a wave spring sheet 101 and a labyrinth groove 105. The specific structure of each component of the radial brush-labyrinth seal device of the present invention is as follows:

[0014] The radial brush-labyrinth sealing device is composed of a front baffle (103), a rear baffle (102), a brush filament (104) and a wave spring sheet (101); the rear baffle (102) and the front baffle (103) are both in an inverted L-shape and are spliced ​​facing each other to form a gantry-shaped structure; a portion of the brush filament (104) is located in an opening of the gantry-shaped structure, and the wave spring sheet (101) is located at the top of the gantry-shaped structure; the sealing device is radially fixed to the side wall of the stator through the wave spring sheet (101);

[0015] The wave spring sheet (101) is used to provide a pushing force toward the rotor; the brush wire (104), the rotor, the front baffle (103), the rear baffle (102), and the wave spring sheet (101) cooperate with each other to form a dynamic sealed cavity; the brush wire (104) works in conjunction with the rotational movement of the rotor under the fixed support of the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102) to prevent external dust or internal impurities from entering the sealed cavity.

[0016] The front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102) are respectively located inside and outside the sealing device; the height of one side of the front baffle (103) of the gantry-shaped structure opening is lower than the height of one side of the rear baffle (102); the length of the brush filament (104) is greater than the height of one side of the rear baffle (102); the rear baffle (102) provides support and protection for the brush filament (104) to prevent the brush filament (104) from being deformed under high pressure difference; the brush filament (104) on one side of the front baffle (103) can be tilted along the rotation direction of the rotor to reduce the deformation of the brush filament (104); the labyrinth groove (105) on the front baffle (103) forms a labyrinth effect to slow down the flow of gas; the front baffle (103) is at the front, and the brush filament 104 is guided by the labyrinth groove (105) of the front baffle (103) to tilt along the direction of movement;

[0017] A plurality of labyrinth grooves (105) having a labyrinth-shaped structure are radially arranged in the depth direction of the inner side of the opening formed by the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102). The plurality of labyrinth grooves (105) force the gas flow path to become tortuous, forming a labyrinth effect; the labyrinth grooves (105) are symmetrically distributed on the left and right, so that the gas flow is subjected to uniform resistance when passing through the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102).

[0018] The wave spring sheet (101) is formed by combining a plurality of wave spring sheets (101) into a wave shape to form a plurality of raised portions. The raised portions are elastically deformed under the action of the force generated by the movement of the rotor, and are capable of absorbing and buffering external forces and generating continuous pushing force, thereby maintaining close contact between the brush filaments (104) and the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0019] The brush filaments (104) are uniformly distributed during the arrangement process, and the brush filaments (104) are arranged in bundles with equal spacing; the bundles are arranged in a forked arrangement, a straight arrangement, or a middle straight arrangement and a four-sided forked arrangement; the forked arrangement is arranged in a cross-arrangement, the density of the brush filaments (104) is high, and the gaps are reduced; the straight arrangement is arranged in a straight line sequence, ensuring that the spacing between each brush filament (104) is uniform and minimal.

[0020] The labyrinth groove (105) has a labyrinth groove shape of square, circular or trapezoidal; each groove of the square labyrinth groove (105) is rectangular or square, and its edge is a straight line; each groove of the circular labyrinth groove (105) is circular or elliptical, and its edge is an arc; each groove of the trapezoidal labyrinth groove (105) is a trapezoid.

[0021] The labyrinth grooves 105 are arranged on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and have a labyrinth groove structure; a plurality of labyrinth grooves 105 force the gas flow path to become tortuous and complex, forming a labyrinth effect; the labyrinth grooves 105 are equidistant, so that the gas flow is subjected to uniform resistance when passing through the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102; the labyrinth grooves 105 are annular or spiral, so that the gas changes direction multiple times when passing through. The labyrinth grooves 105 are divided into a stationary labyrinth groove 1 05 and rotating labyrinth groove 105; the labyrinth groove 105 is fixed on the stator and does not rotate with the rotor; the labyrinth groove shape of the labyrinth groove 105 is square, circular, or trapezoidal; the square labyrinth groove 105 is that each labyrinth groove 105 is rectangular or square, and the edges are straight lines; the circular labyrinth groove 105 is that each labyrinth groove 105 is circular or elliptical, and the edges are arcs; the trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105 is that each labyrinth groove 105 is trapezoidal, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, or narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0022] The labyrinth grooves (105) are arranged in a ring or spiral shape on the rotor surface, so that the gas changes direction multiple times when passing through.

[0023] Furthermore, the radial brush-labyrinth seal device of the present invention is composed of a front baffle 103, a rear baffle 102, a brush 104 and a wave spring sheet 101; the connection relationship between the components is as follows:

[0024] The brush 104, the front baffle 103, the rear baffle 102, the wave spring sheet 101 and the sealing cavity cooperate with each other to form a dynamic sealing system. With the fixed support of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, the brush 104 rotates along the inner wall of the stator while maintaining a certain gap. Under the action of the elastic element, the radial sealing sheet always maintains close contact with the outer wall of the rotor, forming an effective radial seal, thereby preventing external dust or other impurities (debris) from entering the sealing cavity.

[0025] The front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are connected by a fixing device or a notch to form the overall structure of the brush-labyrinth seal device. The brush wire 104 and the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are connected by the brush wire 104 passing between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and are then kept stable by the pushing force of the wave spring sheet 101. The wave spring sheet 101 and the brush-labyrinth seal device are fixed to the inner side of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 by the wave spring sheet 101, forming a continuous pushing force system to ensure the stability of the brush-labyrinth seal device under high-speed operation.

[0026] The coordination between the brush 104 and the front and rear baffles (front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102) is primarily focused on securing and stabilizing the brush. The brush 104 is secured via high-performance welding. One end of the brush 104 is fixed to either the front baffle 103 or the rear baffle 102, ensuring its stable position within the sealed cavity and preventing it from loosening. Furthermore, both the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 provide support for the brush 104, ensuring it remains stable during movement and prevents it from deviating from its designated trajectory due to the rotor's rotation along the inner wall of the stator.

[0027] The wave spring sheet 101 is fixed to the top of the rear baffle 102 by mechanical connection or welding; the wave spring sheet 101 transmits uniform and continuous pressure to the brush wire 104 through the rear baffle 102; the wave spring sheet 101, supported by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, realizes pre-tightening and elastic support of the brush wire 104.

[0028] Furthermore, the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention has the following specific parameters:

[0029] Preferably, the spacing between the labyrinth grooves 105 on the same side is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the number of the labyrinth grooves 105 can be 2-5;

[0030] Preferably, the brush filaments are solid cylindrical, and the diameter of each brush filament 104 is between 0.01 mm and 0.1 mm, mainly 0.07 mm, and the length is between 36 mm;

[0031] Preferably, the brush filaments 104 bundle are made of metal materials including cobalt-based high-temperature alloys and carbon fibers.

[0032] Preferably, the number of the wave spring sheets 101 is 3-6 to maintain close contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor.

[0033] (3) Working principle and sealing mechanism of the technical solution of the present invention

[0034] Furthermore, the working principle of the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention is as follows:

[0035] First, the sealing principle of the labyrinth seal: The labyrinth seal reduces leakage by increasing the complexity of the gas flow path. The static labyrinth groove 105 requires the gas to change direction multiple times when passing through, increasing the flow resistance. The brush wire 104 provides an additional physical barrier, further improving the sealing effect. This design utilizes the principle that complex paths increase fluid resistance and energy loss, ensuring that it can still provide an efficient sealing effect under various working conditions. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the gas flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, passing through the staggered labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104; the direction of rotation of the rotor indicates the direction of rotation of the rotor, indicating the gas flow path; the layout of the brush wires 104 and the labyrinth grooves 105 shows the staggered arrangement of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the installation position of the brush wires, illustrating the complexity of the gas flow path.

[0036] Secondly, the brush seal's sealing principle: Brush seals achieve sealing through contact between flexible bristles 104 and the surface of rotating components. Made of highly flexible, wear-resistant material, the bristles 104 adapt to the movement and deformation of rotating components, providing a dynamic seal. The brush seal's primary principle is to leverage the flexibility and elasticity of the bristles 104 to form a tight sealing barrier under high-speed rotation and pressure differentials, preventing gas or liquid leakage.

[0037] Third, the sealing principle of the "brush-labyrinth" composite seal: In this "brush-labyrinth" composite seal, the static labyrinth seal is responsible for reducing the kinetic energy of the gas through a complex flow path, providing initial leakage control; while the dynamic brush seal further blocks the leakage of residual gas through flexible contact with the surface of the rotating component. The two work together to form a multi-layered sealing system, ensuring that the cycloid rotor engine can achieve efficient sealing effects under complex operating conditions. This progressive leakage control strategy enables the composite seal to maintain its sealing performance even under high-speed rotation and large pressure differentials.

[0038] First, the labyrinth seal provides a static seal. The front baffle 103, the rear baffle 102 and the labyrinth groove 105 are static structures, all fixed to the stator and do not move with the movement of the rotor. In particular, the labyrinth groove 105 extends the path of gas leakage by means of a static labyrinth groove (labyrinth groove 105) fixed to the stator. When the gas flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, it must pass through a tortuous path formed by multiple labyrinth grooves 105. These labyrinth grooves 105 are staggered, forcing the gas to change its flow direction in each labyrinth groove 105. Every time the airflow passes through these narrow labyrinth grooves 105, it slows down due to flow resistance, and the kinetic energy is gradually consumed.

[0039] The labyrinth seal provides a static seal. Because the labyrinth grooves 105 are fixed in structure, the gas path is extended and its flow direction changes with each passage. The fluid must overcome significant resistance in these complex paths, gradually increasing its kinetic energy dissipation and thus reducing the likelihood of leakage. The labyrinth seal reduces the initial kinetic energy of the gas, forming a preliminary sealing barrier.

[0040] Secondly, the brush seal provides a dynamic seal: the brush filament 104 is a key dynamic sealing structure and is installed between the labyrinth groove 105 and the rotor surface. The brush filament 104 is made of a highly elastic material (such as metal wire or synthetic material) and can dynamically adjust its position as the rotor rotates. The brush filament 104 maintains flexible contact with the surface of the rotor. When the rotor rotates at high speeds, the brush filament 104 can still adhere to the surface of the rotor, acting as a dynamic seal. The flexible design of the brush filament 104 can adapt to slight eccentricity or deformation of the rotor at any time, thereby maintaining sealing performance at all times during operation. At the same time, the high flexibility of the brush filament 104 can adapt to the movement of rotating parts, reduce friction losses, and extend the service life of the sealing component; thus, the brush filament 104 further prevents gas leakage through physical contact and maintains the sealing effect under dynamic movement.

[0041] Third, the "brush-labyrinth" composite seal forms a progressive leakage control strategy: first, the labyrinth seal's initial resistance. After entering the composite sealing system, the gas first encounters the labyrinth grooves 105. Due to the staggered arrangement of these labyrinth grooves 105, the gas must constantly change direction and pass through multiple narrow paths, causing the airflow speed to gradually slow. This process greatly increases the fluid resistance, consumes the gas's kinetic energy, and significantly slows the gas leakage rate. Next, the brush seal provides further resistance. After the initial resistance of the labyrinth seal, a certain amount of gas will continue to flow along the low-pressure zone, at which point it will encounter the brush filaments 104. The brush filaments act as a flexible barrier, tightly attached to the rotor surface, forming dynamic contact with it. As the gas flows through the brush filaments 104, its kinetic energy is further dissipated due to the physical barrier of the brush filaments 104, further reducing the possibility of leakage. Furthermore, as the gas passes through the labyrinth seal, its path becomes more complex and resistance increases, gradually reducing its kinetic energy and pressure. The brush filaments 104 then provide a flexible physical barrier. Through contact with the rotor surface and elastic deformation, the brush filaments 104 further dissipate the gas's kinetic energy, effectively preventing gas leakage. The multiple blocking mechanisms of the "brush-labyrinth" composite seal ensure the efficient sealing performance of the cycloid rotor engine.

[0042] Furthermore, the present invention provides a cycloid rotor engine internal radial brush-labyrinth seal device, wherein the sealing mechanism formed by the five components is as follows:

[0043] First, the labyrinth seal: The wave spring sheet 101 primarily increases the contact area of ​​the sealing surface. Its curved, corrugated structure extends the leakage path of gas or fluid, thereby enhancing the sealing effect. The wave spring sheet 101 forms the upper portion of the seal, preventing gas or fluid leakage. In the sealing system of a cycloid rotor engine, the wave spring sheet 101, similar to the corrugated structure, increases the contact area of ​​the sealing surface, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0044] Front baffle 103 forms part of a labyrinth seal. These interlaced structures create a labyrinth seal, which prevents or reduces leakage by increasing the length of the path for gas or fluid to pass through. The airflow repeatedly returns between the structures on front baffle 103, enhancing the sealing effect. The labyrinth seal utilizes the intricate flow path structure formed by front baffle 103, creating a longer sealing path and making gas leakage more difficult.

[0045] In the sealing design of the cycloid rotor engine, labyrinth grooves 105 form a labyrinth seal structure, working together with other labyrinth seal elements (such as front baffle 103) to enhance the sealing effect. Labyrinth grooves 105 further extend the leakage path of air or liquid. Multiple labyrinth grooves 105 form complex channels, increasing fluid flow resistance and thus reducing leakage.

[0046] Second, the brush seal: The rear baffle 102 is primarily used to secure the entire seal assembly to the engine housing. This auxiliary structure ensures that the brush filaments 104 are correctly positioned and tightly secured within the cycloid rotor engine, tightly connecting the brush seal to the cycloid rotor engine housing to prevent loosening or movement. The rear baffle 102 provides structural support, ensuring a secure connection between the seal assembly.

[0047] Brush filaments 104 are the brush-like structures at the bottom of the seal, forming a brush seal. Brush seals rely primarily on the contact between brush filaments 104 and the surface of rotating components to form a flexible physical barrier, preventing gas or liquid leakage. Brush seals are suitable for applications requiring both flexibility and sealing, particularly between rotating components. Brush filaments 104 can closely adhere to the surface of rotating components and maintain a certain preload during operation. The fine gaps and high density of brush filaments 104 further prevent direct gas leakage.

[0048] (4) Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has significant technical effects

[0049] The overall advantage of the present invention is that a multi-layer sealing effect is achieved through the combination of the brush 104, the front baffle 103, the rear baffle 102 and the wave spring sheet 101, thereby significantly improving the sealing performance.

[0050] The core function of the radial brush-labyrinth seal within a cycloidal rotor engine described herein is to effectively reduce gas leakage through the combination of a labyrinth and brush filament structure. In a cycloidal rotor engine, due to the pressure differential between high- and low-pressure areas within the engine, gas naturally tends to leak from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area. The labyrinth seal increases the complexity of the airflow path, forcing the gas to undergo multiple changes of direction and narrow paths during passage, thereby dissipating kinetic energy and slowing gas flow. The brush filaments 104, through contact with the rotor surface, provide an additional dynamic physical barrier, further preventing gas leakage.

[0051] Cycloid rotor engines often operate under high pressure differentials and high-speed rotation, which can cause subtle deformation or displacement of seals during operation. The flexible structure of brush filaments 104 and the static path design of the labyrinth seal enable the composite sealing system to cope with these conditions. The elasticity and flexibility of brush filaments 104 adapt to the high-speed rotation and subtle deformation of the rotor, maintaining close seal contact while reducing wear and performance degradation caused by high-speed friction.

[0052] In a high-speed cycloidal rotor engine, the contact between the seal and the rotor generates significant friction, which, over time, can cause wear of the sealing material, thereby compromising sealing performance. By combining brush filaments 104 with the labyrinth seal, the airflow dissipates its kinetic energy before entering the sealing portion of brush filaments 104. This reduces the direct pressure on brush filaments 101, thereby reducing friction and wear. Furthermore, the wave spring sheet 101 provides uniform pressure, ensuring that the brush filaments maintain flexible contact with the rotor surface, further reducing the effects of friction on brush filaments 104 and extending the service life of the seal.

[0053] Because cycloidal rotor engines can experience minor rotor deformation and thermal expansion during operation, the composite sealing system described herein utilizes the elastic deformation of brush filaments 104 and pressure regulation of the spring sheet to adjust the sealing gap in real time, ensuring that brush filaments 104 maintain a close fit against the rotor surface even when the rotor deforms. The elastic support provided by the wavy spring sheet 101 to brush filaments 104 helps the sealing device continuously adapt to rotor changes in dynamic environments, preventing leakage caused by deformation.

[0054] The radial brush-labyrinth seal within the cycloidal rotor engine described herein significantly reduces the actual gap within the seal by combining the labyrinth seal's complex flow path with the flexible sealing of the bristles 104. The labyrinth seal forces the gas to change direction multiple times within a narrow path, while the tightly packed and high-density design of the bristles 104 further prevents gas leakage. The pushing force provided by the wave spring 101 enhances the contact between the bristles 104 and the rotor surface, preventing gap expansion due to rotor eccentricity or slight deformation during high-speed operation.

[0055] Under the complex operating conditions of a cycloidal rotor engine, external dust or debris can enter the sealed cavity, affecting engine performance. The composite seal, through the combination of a labyrinth effect and bristle seals 104, not only prevents internal gas leakage but also prevents the ingress of external impurities. The close contact between bristle seals 104 and the rotor creates a barrier, preventing external contaminants from entering the sealed cavity and ensuring internal engine cleanliness.

[0056] The radial brush-labyrinth sealing device inside the cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention combines the brush wire 104 with the labyrinth structure, so that the sealing device can not only adapt to the complex operating conditions inside the engine (such as temperature, pressure and speed changes), but also even if the labyrinth seal is stationary, the brush wire 104 can be dynamically adjusted under the action of the wave spring sheet 101, ensuring stable sealing performance during long-term use and reducing the risk of sealing failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0058] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 This is an overall plan view of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the front and rear baffles and their square grooves of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front and rear baffles and circular grooves of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the front and rear baffles and their trapezoidal grooves of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of brush wire deflection of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the labyrinth sealing principle of a radial brush-labyrinth sealing device inside a cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a spring sheet of a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention.

[0066] Figure 9 This is a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to the present invention, showing two arrangements of the brush filaments 104: staggered (a), aligned (b), and aligned in the middle with staggered around (c).

[0067] Reference numerals: wave spring sheet 101 ; rear baffle 102 ; front baffle 103 ; brush filament 104 ; labyrinth groove 105 ; brush filament mounting base 106 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The radial sealing device for a cycloid rotor engine described herein can have a rotor shape that is quasi-elliptical or cycloid, ensuring that the air chambers are isolated from each other. Specifically, the rotor can be designed to be quasi-elliptical or cycloid. Compared to triangular rotors, quasi-elliptical or cycloid rotors can provide a smoother airflow path and more effective air chamber isolation.

[0069] The present invention provides a radial brush-labyrinth seal device for an internal cycloid rotor engine, improving the sealing technology of cycloid rotor engines. First, the brush seal forms a primary seal by installing brush filaments 104 on the brush filament base surface 106 of the internal radial brush-labyrinth seal device, thereby forming a gap and reducing direct gas leakage. Second, the labyrinth seal forms a plurality of equally spaced labyrinth grooves 105 by slotting the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, which are formed into an inverted L shape and spliced ​​together to form a gantry-like structure. This increases the resistance to gas passage, further improves the sealing effect, and reduces gas leakage. Third, the brush seal and the labyrinth seal are combined and applied to the radial brush-labyrinth seal device for an internal cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention, forming a composite sealing structure that simultaneously blocks airflow, thereby optimizing the sealing performance of the cycloid rotor engine and ensuring reliability under high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed rotation conditions.

[0070] The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine of the present invention includes the following structural features:

[0071] The radial brush-labyrinth seal device for the cycloid rotor engine of the present invention comprises a front baffle 103, a rear baffle 102, brush wires 104, a wave spring sheet 101, a labyrinth groove 105, and a brush wire mounting base 106. The specific structure is as follows:

[0072] The sealing device is composed of a front baffle (103), a rear baffle (102), a brush (104) and a wave spring sheet (101); the rear baffle (102) and the front baffle (103) are both in an inverted L shape and are spliced ​​together to form a gantry-shaped structure, a portion of the brush (104) is located in the opening of the gantry-shaped structure, and the wave spring sheet (101) is located at the top of the gantry-shaped structure; the sealing device is radially fixed to the side wall of the stator through the wave spring sheet (101); the wave spring sheet (101) is used to provide a pushing force toward the rotor; the brush (104), the rotor, the front baffle (103), the rear baffle (102) and the wave spring sheet (101) cooperate with each other to form a dynamic sealing cavity; the brush (104) works in conjunction with the rotational movement of the rotor under the fixed support of the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102) to prevent external dust or internal impurities from entering the sealing cavity.

[0073] (1) The wave spring sheet 101 is located on the back of the brush 104, between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102; a plurality of spring sheets 10 are combined to form a shape similar to a continuous mountain range, and the continuous pushing force ensures that the radial brush-labyrinth seal device will not fail at high speed, thereby maintaining close contact between the brush 104 and the inner wall of the cylinder to prevent gas leakage.

[0074] (2) The rear baffle 102 is located at the rear of the sealing device; the height of the rear baffle 102 is higher than that of the front baffle 103 and is second only to the height of the brush 104, in order to prevent the brush 104 from being deformed under a large pressure difference; the higher design of the rear baffle 102 can prevent the brush 104 from being deformed under a large pressure difference, and at the same time, the groove slows down the gas flow, further reducing leakage;

[0075] (3) The front baffle 103 is located at the front of the sealing device; the front baffle 103 is relatively short, lower than the rear baffle 102 and the brush 104. This is because the brush 104 needs to be deflected along the movement direction of the moving part. The front baffle 103 allows the brush 104 to have a certain tilt angle, while also ensuring that the brush 104 does not deform significantly. The shorter design of the front baffle 103 allows the brush 104 to tilt along the movement direction of the moving part, reducing the deformation of the brush 104. The labyrinth groove 105 on the front baffle 103 forms a labyrinth effect, slowing down the gas flow and reducing leakage.

[0076] (4) The brush 104 is located between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and the brush 104 runs through the entire radial brush-labyrinth seal device; the height of the brush 104 is much higher than the front baffle 103, but slightly higher than the rear baffle 102; the brush bundle 104 is made of highly flexible and wear-resistant material, and the brush 104 is arranged in a cross-row or a straight row to ensure the sealing effect and durability; the brush 104 is deflected along the direction of the moving parts under the guidance of the front baffle 103 to reduce deformation.

[0077] (5) The labyrinth grooves 105 are provided on the baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a labyrinth effect, so that the flowing gas generated by combustion is decelerated or even stopped when it approaches the radial seal, thereby reducing leakage.

[0078] In addition, the brush installation base 106 is set at the central position of the inverted double "L"-shaped gantry guide structure formed by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and the brush 104 can be installed on the internal radial brush-labyrinth seal device through the brush installation base 106.

[0079] Furthermore, the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine of the present invention has the following overall connection relationship: the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine of the present invention is composed of a front baffle 103, a rear baffle 102, a brush 104, a wave spring sheet 101 and a labyrinth groove 105;

[0080] Specifically, the spatial position relationship of these five components is as follows: the front baffle 103 is at the front, and the brush 104 is guided by the groove of the front baffle to tilt along the direction of movement; the rear baffle 102 is at the rear, providing support and protection to prevent the brush 104 from deforming under high pressure difference; the brush 104 is located in the middle and is fixed by high-performance welding; the wave spring sheet 101 is on the back of the brush 104, providing pushing force to ensure close contact of the brush 104; the maze grooves 105 are both arranged on the baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a maze effect.

[0081] Specifically, the connection and coordination relationships of these five components are as follows: the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are connected by the notches of the labyrinth groove 105 to form the overall structure of the brush-labyrinth sealing device; the brush wire 104 and the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are fixed by high-performance welding through the brush wire 104 passing through the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and then maintained stable by the pushing force of the wave spring sheet 101; the wave spring sheet 101 is fixed to the inner side of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a continuous pushing force system to ensure the stability of the brush-labyrinth sealing device under high-speed operation.

[0082] Furthermore, the mechanical design principles of each component of the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention are as follows:

[0083] Specifically, the wave spring 101 adheres to the principles of elastic design, stress distribution, and fatigue life. Regarding elastic design, the elastic deformation of the wave spring 101 provides preload, ensuring close contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor. Regarding stress distribution, the mountain-like shape of the wave spring 101 achieves uniform stress distribution and enhances deformation resistance. Regarding fatigue life, the use of high-fatigue-life materials ensures the long-term reliability of the wave spring 101 under high-frequency and high-load conditions.

[0084] Specifically, the design of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 adheres to functional design, the labyrinth effect, and fluid dynamics principles, as well as mechanical design principles such as stiffness and deformation control. From a functional design perspective, the design of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 takes into account their specific functions in the sealing device, including providing support, forming a seal, and allowing the brush 104 to deflect. From a labyrinth effect perspective, complex paths and structures are used to increase resistance to fluid flow and reduce leakage. From a fluid dynamics perspective, the groove shape of the labyrinth groove 105 increases the complexity of the airflow path, creating a labyrinth effect that slows down or even stops the airflow, thereby reducing leakage. This design follows the principles of fluid dynamics, reducing the probability of gas leakage by increasing gas flow resistance and path complexity. From a stiffness design perspective, the height design of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 takes into account stiffness and deformation control, ensuring that the brush 104 can maintain its shape and position under high pressure differential environments, achieving effective sealing. In terms of deformation control, the height design of the front baffle 103 allows the brush filaments 104 to tilt in the direction of movement, reducing excessive deformation; the height design of the rear baffle 102 prevents the brush filaments 104 from deforming under pressure difference, ensuring its sealing effect.

[0085] Specifically, the brush filaments 104 adhere to the principles of flexible design, sealing design, fluid mechanics, and wear control design. From a flexible design perspective, the brush filaments 104 are made of highly flexible, wear-resistant materials, capable of bending and deforming under external forces to adapt to the high-speed rotation of the rotor. Material selection and design ensure that the brush filaments 104 can function in a dynamic environment. From a fluid mechanics perspective, the tightly arranged brush filaments 104 reduce gas leakage by increasing the resistance to gas flow. This complies with the principles of fluid mechanics, which control the fluid path and resistance; the arrangement of the brush filaments 104 increases the complexity of the gas flow path. From a wear control design perspective, the selection of highly wear-resistant materials for the brush filaments 104 can effectively reduce friction and wear between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor, extending their service life.

[0086] Specifically, the main function of the labyrinth grooves 105 is to reduce gas leakage through a labyrinth effect. The labyrinth effect refers to the fact that when gas flows through these labyrinth grooves 105, it is forced to undergo a complex, tortuous flow path, causing the kinetic energy and pressure of the gas to gradually dissipate, thereby slowing the gas flow rate and reducing leakage. The labyrinth grooves 105 are designed in various geometric shapes (square, circular, trapezoidal, etc.), which increase the complexity of the airflow path: Case 1 is a square labyrinth groove 105. The gas must make multiple right-angle turns in the square labyrinth groove 105. The airflow changes direction at each turning point, increasing flow resistance, dissipating the gas kinetic energy, and slowing the flow rate. Case 2 is a circular labyrinth groove 105. Although the gas path in the circular labyrinth groove 105 is relatively smooth, the circular design causes the airflow direction to constantly change, also increasing resistance. Case 3 is a trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105. The width of the trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105 varies, causing the airflow path to widen and narrow, increasing the complexity and resistance of the flow and forcing the gas flow rate to further decrease. The number and spacing of the labyrinth grooves 105 can be adjusted according to actual working conditions: the spacing of the labyrinth grooves 105 is usually between 0.3-0.8 mm, and a smaller spacing can increase the resistance of the airflow and the complexity of the path; the number of labyrinth grooves 105 can be 2-5, depending on the gas pressure and flow rate, and a greater number of labyrinth grooves 105 means that the airflow needs to pass through more paths, further reducing leakage.

[0087] The present invention provides a radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine, which is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0088] like Figure 1As shown in the three-dimensional diagram of the brush seal device of the present invention, the brush labyrinth seal achieves efficient sealing through the rational design and coordination of the front baffle 103, rear baffle 102, brushes 104, corrugated springs 101, and labyrinth grooves 105. The labyrinth grooves 105 of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 create a labyrinth effect, significantly reducing the risk of gas leakage. The highly flexible and wear-resistant brushes 104 ensure long-term stability, while the corrugated corrugated springs 101 provide continuous pressure to prevent seal failure. The entire brush 104 seal device features a compact structure and secure connection, making it suitable for sealing cycloid rotor engines under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

[0089] The brush-type labyrinth seal device is composed of five components: a front baffle 103, a rear baffle 102, a brush 104, a wave spring sheet 101, and a labyrinth groove 105.

[0090] Front bezel 103: The front baffle 103 is located at the front of the device, immediately in front of the brush 104, and together with the rear baffle 102 and the brush 104 forms a sealing structure; the height of the front baffle 103 is lower than that of the rear baffle 102, which can make the brush 104 have a certain inclination angle in the direction of movement, thereby guiding the brush 104 to follow the direction of the moving parts and reducing the deformation and wear of the brush 104; because the front baffle 103 is relatively short, when the brush 104 extends from a fixed position, the front baffle 103 causes the brush 104 to tilt backward and fit the surface of the moving parts; the inclination angle directly reduces the vibration and deformation of the brush 104 during movement.

[0091] The front baffle 103 is designed with a labyrinth groove 105, and several labyrinth grooves 105 form a labyrinth effect, that is, when the combustion gas or other fluid passes through the front baffle 103, the labyrinth grooves 105 will force the gas flow path to become tortuous and complex, and the tortuous path will slow down the gas flow, increase the resistance to the gas flow, and even force part of the gas flow to stop, so that the airflow deceleration and blocking effect can significantly reduce the risk of gas leakage and achieve a sealing effect; the shape of the labyrinth groove 105 can be designed into various geometric shapes such as square, circle, trapezoid, etc.; the labyrinth grooves 105 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right, so that the gas flow is subjected to uniform resistance when passing through the front baffle 103; the spacing and number of the labyrinth grooves 105: the distance between the labyrinth grooves 105 on the same side is generally between 0.3-0.8mm, and the number of the labyrinth grooves 105 can be 2-5. The parameters can be adjusted according to the specific gas pressure and flow rate to achieve the best labyrinth effect.

[0092] The front baffle 103 is made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal material, ensuring the long-term stability and durability of the front baffle 103 in a high-temperature and high-pressure or low-temperature and low-pressure environment during the operation of the cycloid rotor engine.

[0093] The connection method of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 is mechanical connection, which can be any of bolts, clamps and welding. First, the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 can be fixed together by bolts and nuts. The bolts pass through the pre-drilled holes of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and the two are tightly connected by tightening the nuts. Second, a specially designed clamp is used to clamp the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 together. Third, spot welding is performed on the contact area of ​​the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a firm connection, and then continuous welding is performed along the contact edge of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to ensure the stability and sealing of the structure.

[0094] The connection between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 is through mechanical connection or welding, and the front baffle and the rear baffle form a stable overall structure; this overall structure provides stable support for the brush 104, ensuring that the brush 104 does not deform during operation, thereby effectively supporting and fixing the brush 104, and ensuring the overall stability and sealing effect of the sealing device; the connection method between the front baffle 103 and the brush 104 is fixed by high-performance welding or mechanical clamping; specifically, a special clamp is used between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to fix the brush 104; the brush 104 is placed in the clamp, and then the bolts or buckles are tightened to make the clamp firmly fix the brush 104 between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102. Furthermore, when fixing the brush 104, the clamp used can be U-shaped or other shapes, and the brush 104 is firmly fixed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 by bolts or buckles. It is also necessary to use a high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant adhesive, such as epoxy resin or silicone, to evenly apply the adhesive to the contact area between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and then place the brush 104 thereon. After the adhesive cures, the brush 104 is firmly fixed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102. Through multiple fixation with mechanical clamps or adhesives, the brush 104 is firmly fixed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, preventing it from loosening or falling off under high pressure and high temperature conditions. The firm fixation of the brush 104 ensures that the brush seal device effectively prevents gas leakage during operation.

[0095] Tailgate 102: The rear baffle 102 is located at the rear of the sealing device, close to the rear of the bristles 104, providing the necessary support for the bristles 104 to prevent them from deforming under high pressure differentials. The height of the rear baffle 102 is very close to that of the bristles 104. By matching the heights, the stability of the bristles 104 is maintained, and the necessary support is provided to the bristles 104 under high pressure differentials to prevent them from being significantly deformed.

[0096] The rear baffle 102 has a labyrinth groove 105, which cooperates with the front baffle 103 to form a labyrinth effect, which can slow down the flow of gas and improve the sealing; several labyrinth grooves 105 can be geometric shapes such as square, circular, and trapezoidal; specifically, the square labyrinth groove 105 means that each labyrinth groove 105 is rectangular or square, and the edges are straight lines; the circular labyrinth groove 105 means that each labyrinth groove 105 is circular or elliptical, and the edges are arcs; the trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105 means that each labyrinth groove 105 is trapezoidal, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, or narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0097] The labyrinth grooves 105 on the rear baffle 102 form a complex airflow path, forcing the gas to constantly change direction during flow. These frequent changes in direction increase gas flow resistance. Because the gas must pass through these complex labyrinth grooves 105, the flow path becomes tortuous and complex, continuously consuming the gas's kinetic energy and slowing its flow rate. This creates a labyrinth effect, making it more difficult for the gas to pass through the sealing device, thereby reducing leakage. Specifically, in the first case, when the gas enters the square labyrinth grooves 105, it must make multiple right-angle turns. These turning points increase the gas's flow resistance and force the gas flow path to become tortuous and complex. Specifically, in the second case, when the gas flows in the circular labyrinth grooves 105, although the path is relatively smooth, the circular curvature also forces the gas to constantly change direction, increasing flow resistance. Specifically, in the third case, the varying width of the trapezoidal sealing grooves 104-105 causes the gas path to continuously narrow or widen during flow, increasing the complexity and resistance of the flow path.

[0098] The height of the rear baffle 102 is very close to that of the brush 104, which can provide the necessary support for the brush 104 in a high-pressure differential environment and prevent the brush 104 from being significantly deformed. The height of the rear baffle 102 is substantially the same as that of the brush 104. When the brush 104 is fixed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, the top of the brush 104 is almost flush with the top of the rear baffle 102. Based on the working environment of the sealing device and the material properties of the brush 104, it is ensured that the brush 104 can obtain sufficient support in a high-pressure differential environment.

[0099] Specifically, under high pressure difference conditions, the brush filament 104 is easily affected by the pressure and deformed; if the height of the brush filament 104 is much higher than the rear baffle 102, the free section of the brush filament 104 will be more easily bent or deformed due to lack of support; the highly close design ensures that the brush filament 104 is evenly supported under high pressure, reducing the risk of deformation; the highly matched design enables the rear baffle 102 to tightly support the brush filament 104 in a high pressure environment; the brush filament 104 remains in a predetermined position and shape during operation; the brush filament 104 is close in height to the rear baffle 102, so that the brush filament 104 will not be significantly bent or deformed when affected by the pressure difference, thereby ensuring that the brush filament 104 can always fit closely to the surface of the moving part to achieve a stable sealing effect; by providing sufficient support, the brush filament 104 can more effectively control the airflow and reduce gas leakage; the highly matched rear baffle 102 design reduces the deformation of the brush filament 104 under high pressure difference, thereby making the airflow path more controlled and further enhancing the sealing performance of the maze effect.

[0100] Brush filament 104: The brush filaments 104 are installed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, and extend outward to form a sealing barrier. The brush filaments 104 are cylindrical, and each brush filament 104 has a diameter between 0.01 mm and 0.1 mm, mainly 0.07 mm, and a length between 36 mm. The flexible design of the brush filaments 104 allows it to deflect in the direction of movement of the rotor, thereby reducing friction and wear and achieving adaptive sealing.

[0101] The brush filaments 104 are evenly distributed during the arrangement process, and the bundles of the brush filaments 104 are tightly arranged to ensure that there are no obvious gaps in the sealing area; the brush filament bundles are arranged in a forked arrangement or a straight arrangement; the brush filaments 104 are arranged in a cross-arrangement, which can increase the density of the brush filaments 104 and reduce the gaps; the brush filaments 104 are arranged in a cross-arrangement, which can increase the density of the brush filaments 104 and reduce the gaps; the brush filaments 104 are arranged in sequence to ensure that the intervals between each brush filament 104 are uniform and minimized.

[0102] The brush 104 is connected between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 by high-performance welding and mechanical clamps; the brush 104 uses a special U-shaped or V-shaped clamp, and the clamp is fixed to the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 by bolts and nuts; a high-strength adhesive is evenly applied to the contact area of ​​the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to fix the brush 104 thereon.

[0103] The transmission relationship between the brush 104 and each component is that the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are sealed and isolated by the brush, and the brush 104 connects the two together; the coordination relationship between the brush 104 and each component is that the brush 104 is tightly coordinated with the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to ensure that they do not fall off or deform under high-pressure environment; the high-flexibility material of the brush 104 adapts to the eccentric movement and high-speed rotation of the rotor, providing a continuous sealing effect.

[0104] Wave Spring 101: The wave spring sheet 101 is installed on the top of the rear baffle 102 to form a continuous wave spring sheet 101 structure, which provides pre-tightening force for the brush filaments 104 through elastic deformation, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 are always in close contact with the rotor surface during rotation; several wave spring sheets 101 are combined into a shape similar to a continuous mountain range, providing uniform and continuous pressure, capable of resisting high-pressure deformation, and ensuring that the sealing device will not fail at high-speed operation; the number of wave spring sheets 101 is 3-6, providing sufficient pre-tightening force to maintain close contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor.

[0105] The connection relationship of the wave spring sheet 101 is that the wave spring sheet 101 is fixed to the top of the rear baffle 102 by mechanical connection or welding; the wave spring sheet 101 is fixed to the top of the rear baffle 102 by bolts, and tightened by nuts to ensure firmness; then spot welding or continuous welding is performed at the contact points between the wave spring sheet 101 and the rear baffle 102 to ensure that the wave spring sheet 101 is stable.

[0106] The transmission relationship of the wave spring sheet 101 is that the wave spring sheet 101 transmits uniform and continuous pressure to the brush wire 104 through the rear baffle 102, ensuring that the brush wire 104 maintains a sealing effect under high-speed operation.

[0107] The matching relationship of the wave spring sheet 101 is a close fit between the wave spring sheet 101 and the rear baffle 102, ensuring that it does not loosen or fail under high pressure and high temperature environments; the wavy design of the wave spring sheet 101 provides uniform pressure, adapts to the deformation and movement of the brush wire 104, and enhances the sealing effect.

[0108] like Figure 2 The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a radial brush-labyrinth seal inside a cycloidal rotor engine, illustrating the key components of the labyrinth seal system. These components include a wave spring 101, a front baffle 103, a rear baffle 102, brushes 104, and labyrinth grooves 105. These components form a complex gas flow path, increasing flow resistance and energy loss to achieve efficient sealing. Brushes 104 further enhance the sealing effect, reduce leakage, and ensure the system maintains excellent sealing performance under high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed rotation.

[0109] The wavy spring sheet 101 is located at the top of the figure; it is used to provide pre-tightening force to ensure that the radial seal is in close contact with the rotor surface during operation to improve the sealing effect. Specifically, the front baffle 103 is located at the upper left side of the figure. The front baffle 103 is fixed on the stator and together with the rear baffle 102, closes the two ends of the labyrinth seal. Specifically, the rear baffle 102 is located at the upper right side of the figure, opposite to the front baffle 103, fixed on the stator, and closes the other end of the labyrinth seal. Specifically, the brush 104 is located at the lower left side of the figure, installed between the labyrinth grooves 105, and contacts the rotating rotor surface; the brush 104 is partially installed between the labyrinth grooves 105, and contacts the surface of the rotor to form a flexible physical barrier; the brush 104 is made of slender metal wire or synthetic material, and can bend and move slightly during rotation, thereby adapting to the slight deformation and eccentricity of the rotor and maintaining a good sealing effect.

[0110] The stator portion, which belongs to the labyrinth groove 105 , is fixed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 and remains stationary.

[0111] like Figure 3-5 The figure shows the design of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102, along with their square, circular, and trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105. The arrangement of the labyrinth grooves 105 increases the gas flow path and complexity, enhancing the sealing effect. Within the labyrinth grooves 105, the brush filaments 104 contact the rotor surface, achieving a dynamic seal through elasticity and flexibility, adapting to the rotor's rotation and slight deformation, and reducing friction and wear. By extending the path, increasing fluid resistance, and generating eddies and turbulence, the labyrinth grooves 105 in the front and rear baffles 103 and 102 significantly reduce gas leakage, achieving a highly effective seal.

[0112] like Figure 6 The figure shows a radial brush-labyrinth seal device for a cycloidal rotor engine according to the present invention, in which the brush filaments 104 bend and follow the rotor's rotational motion. The brush filaments 104 deflect and follow the rotor's rotational direction (marked by arrows as "rotor motion direction"). Specifically, the cross-sectional view in the figure illustrates the positional relationship between the brush filaments 104, the rotor, the front baffle 103, and the rear baffle 102, as well as the structure of the sealing cavity. The motion diagram in the figure shows the deflection and follow-up process of the brush filaments 104 as the rotor rotates, as well as the changes in the contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface.

[0113] Specifically, Figure 6The structural relationship between the various components in the diagram is as follows: the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are located in the upper half of the diagram, forming a closed housing with a straight and angular design. The brush 104 is located in the lower half of the diagram. The brush 104 is made of a flexible material and can bend, deflect, and follow. The brush 104 extends horizontally to the right, and a single brush 104 contacts the rotor surface and the cylinder body. The deflection of the brush 104 means that as the rotor moves, the brush 104 bends, deflects, and follows in the direction of the rotor's movement. The deflection of the brush 104 is caused by friction between the brush 104 and the contact surface. The rotor is located in the lower half of the diagram, and the arrow marked "Rotor Movement Direction" indicates its direction of rotation. The rotor has a circular cross-section and drives the surrounding airflow when it moves. The rotor movement direction, i.e., the arrow, indicates the direction of rotation of the rotor or the component connected to the brush 104.

[0114] Specifically, Figure 6 The connections between the components are as follows: the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 together form a sealed cavity; this sealed cavity is used to fix the positional relationship between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor, that is, the upper part is connected by a fixed structure to maintain the stability of the entire brush-labyrinth seal structure; the brush filaments 104 are fixed to one side of the sealed cavity, directly connected between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102; one end of the brush filaments 104 is fixed in the sealed cavity, and the other end is free to extend and contact the surface of the rotor, allowing the brush filaments 104 to deflect and bend during the rotation of the rotor. The rotor is located below the brush filaments 104, and the direction of rotation of the rotor is indicated by the arrow, usually clockwise or counterclockwise. When the rotor rotates, it drives the brush filaments 104 in contact with it to deflect and follow, and the brush filaments 104 bend and follow during rotation to achieve the desired sealing function.

[0115] Furthermore, the sealed cavity formed by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 not only fixes the position of the brush 104, but also ensures effective contact between the brush 104 and the rotor, while preventing external dust or other impurities (debris) from entering; one end of the brush 104 is fixed, so that the brush 104 can flexibly adapt to the surface of the rotor; the rotation of the rotor directly drives the deflection of the brush 104, and the brush 104 bends with the movement of the rotor, thereby increasing the pressure and coverage area of ​​the contact with the surface.

[0116] Furthermore, the coordination between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor is primarily reflected in two aspects: flexibility and contact pressure. Regarding flexibility, the brush filaments 104, due to their flexibility, deflect in the direction of the rotor's movement. This flexible design enables the brush filaments 104 to automatically adjust their angle and adhere closely to the rotor surface, achieving an effective seal. Regarding contact pressure, the brush filaments 104 maintain continuous contact with the rotor surface as the rotor rotates. As the rotor rotates, the brush filaments 104 bend, increasing the contact area and pressure with the rotor surface, thereby enhancing the sealing effect and preventing debris from entering the cylinder.

[0117] Furthermore, the coordination between the brush 104 and the front and rear baffles (front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102) is primarily focused on securing and stabilizing the brush. One end of the brush 104 is secured to either the front baffle 103 or the rear baffle 102, ensuring its stable position within the sealed cavity and preventing it from loosening. Both the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 provide the necessary support for the brush 104, ensuring it remains stable during movement and prevents it from deviating from its designated trajectory due to the rotor's rotation.

[0118] Furthermore, the coordination between the rotor rotation and the sealing cavity is mainly reflected in the rotor rotation process. From the perspective of rotor rotation, the sealing cavity is formed by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, in which the rotor rotates freely; the sealing cavity ensures continuous contact between the brush 104 and the rotor; when the rotor rotates in the sealing cavity, the brush 104 will deflect with the direction of rotation of the rotor, forming an adaptive seal. This adaptive process enables the brush 104 to flexibly adjust the contact pressure with the rotor surface, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the sealing effect. From the perspective of adaptive sealing, when the rotor rotates in the sealing cavity, the brush 104 will deflect with the direction of rotation of the rotor, forming an adaptive seal; this adaptive sealing process enables the brush 104 to flexibly adjust the contact pressure with the rotor surface, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the sealing effect.

[0119] Overall, the brushes 104, rotor, front baffle 103, rear baffle 102, and seal chamber form a dynamic sealing system. Supported by the front and rear baffles 103 and 102, the brushes 104 work in concert with the rotor's rotation to ensure an effective seal throughout its rotation. This sealing system not only secures the position of the brushes 104 but also prevents external dust and other impurities (debris) from entering the seal chamber, maintaining a clean and efficient rotor system.

[0120] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the labyrinth seal structure is as follows: a front baffle 103 is located at the front of the device, and a rear baffle 102 is located at the rear. The front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 form the main framework of the seal cavity, providing support and fixing the position. Flexible brush filaments 104 are arranged within the labyrinth seal and contact the rotor surface. The brush filaments 104 are pressed against the rotor by the preload provided by the wave spring 101, forming a seal.

[0121] Furthermore, if Figure 7As shown, the combustion stroke—the high-pressure zone—is the high-pressure region of the airflow. High-pressure gas is generated during the operation of the cycloidal rotor engine. The gas in this region has high pressure and temperature, requiring effective isolation to prevent leakage. The exhaust stroke—the low-pressure zone—is the low-pressure region of the airflow, with lower gas pressure. The high-pressure and low-pressure regions are separated by the sealing effect of the brush filaments 104 and the grooves, ensuring that high-pressure gas does not leak into the low-pressure region, thereby maintaining the efficiency and normal operation of the cycloidal rotor engine.

[0122] Furthermore, the separation of the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area will form a comprehensive effect. From the perspective of dynamic sealing, when the rotor rotates, the brush 104 adapts to the movement of the rotor through the preload force provided by the wave spring sheet 101, always maintaining close contact with the rotor to form a dynamic seal; the flexible design of the brush 104 reduces direct friction with the rotor, reduces wear, and extends service life. From the perspective of multi-layer sealing effect, when the gas passes through the groove, it needs to change direction multiple times. Each change of direction increases the flow path and resistance, kinetic energy gradually dissipates, the flow rate slows down, the pressure decreases, and the leakage volume is gradually reduced; multiple changes in direction form eddies and turbulence, which increase the flow resistance and energy dissipation of the gas, further reducing leakage. From the perspective of efficient isolation, through the dual effects of the brush 104 and the labyrinth groove 105, the high-pressure gas gradually slows down the flow rate and reduces the pressure during multiple changes in direction and kinetic energy dissipation, making it difficult to leak smoothly into the low-pressure area; due to the reduction in high-pressure gas leakage, the low-pressure area can maintain a lower pressure, ensuring the smoothness and efficiency of engine exhaust.

[0123] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the "rotor rotation direction" shows the direction of rotation of the rotor, indicating the specific direction in which the rotor drives the surrounding airflow. The rotation of the rotor not only drives its own movement, but also drives the surrounding airflow, causing the airflow to flow along the direction of rotation of the rotor. This driving effect makes the path of the airflow more complicated when passing through the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104, forming multiple changes in direction and narrow channels, increasing flow resistance and kinetic energy dissipation, and ultimately achieving an efficient sealing effect. When the rotor moves, the following direction of the brush wires 104 always remains consistent with the direction of movement of the rotor; when the rotary engine is running, oil will be sprayed into the air chamber, and the infiltrated fuel will fill the entire brush-labyrinth device, and the brush wires 104 will also be stained with fuel. At this time, the brush wire 104 can maintain close contact with the rotor or other contact surfaces during movement to prevent leakage of fuel or gas. The brush wire 104 cooperates with the labyrinth seal to further reduce leakage caused by rotation or vibration. On the other hand, the brush wire 104 can recover or wipe excess fuel to prevent excessive fuel from accumulating in a certain place. The brush wire can help evenly spread the fuel on the rotor surface to ensure continuous lubrication and prevent the occurrence of local dry friction.

[0124] The airflow path of the further rotor rotation is as follows:

[0125] S1. Airflow driving effect: The rotation direction of the rotor drives the surrounding airflow, causing the airflow to flow in a certain direction within the labyrinth sealing device; the rotation of the rotor not only drives its own movement, but also drives the surrounding airflow, causing it to flow along the direction of the rotor's rotation; the driving effect of the rotor makes the path of the airflow more complicated when passing through the labyrinth groove 105 and the brush wire 104.

[0126] S2. Complex airflow path: Due to the rotation of the rotor, the airflow not only flows along the curved path designed by the grooves; the airflow also needs to adapt to the new flow path after being driven by the rotor rotation, resulting in multiple changes in direction. The airflow needs to constantly adjust its flow direction under the drive of the rotor, which increases the flow path and flow resistance.

[0127] S3. Increased resistance and kinetic energy dissipation: Driven by the rotation of the rotor, the airflow needs to constantly adjust its flow direction, which increases the flow path and flow resistance. The multiple direction changes of the airflow in a complex path increase the flow resistance and consume the kinetic energy of the airflow.

[0128] S4. Formation of eddies and turbulence: The rotation of the rotor causes the airflow to generate eddies and turbulence when passing through the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104. The flow phenomena of eddies and turbulence consume the kinetic energy of the airflow. Then, as the kinetic energy of the airflow is gradually dissipated, the speed and pressure of the airflow gradually decrease, reducing the leakage of high-pressure gas to the low-pressure area.

[0129] S5. Enhanced sealing effect: Due to the rotation of the rotor and the complex path design of the labyrinth seal, the airflow needs to go through multiple direction changes and narrow channels to form an efficient sealing effect; ensuring the gas isolation between the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area, and improving the performance of the sealing device.

[0130] like Figure 8 As shown, the radial brush-labyrinth seal device for the interior of a cycloidal rotor engine described in the present invention shows a schematic diagram of a wave spring sheet 101 having a wavy structure and several raised portions, numbering 3 to 6. The wave spring sheet 101 provides continuous preload and elastic support to the brush filaments 104 through its elastic deformation, enabling the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the movement and slight deformation of the rotor and maintain the sealing effect. When the rotor rotates at high speeds, the elastic deformation of the wave spring sheet 101 can absorb and buffer external forces, reducing wear on the brush filaments 104 and ensuring the durability and reliability of the sealing device. The front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 provide a fixed position and support for the wave spring sheet 101, ensuring that it can deform and recover normally when subjected to force, thereby achieving preload and elastic support for the brush filaments 104.

[0131] like Figure 8The figure shows a 3D model of the spring sheet and its working principle for resisting deformation, which is specifically divided into two parts: Part a is the 3D model of the spring sheet, and Part b shows the deformation resistance principle of the wave spring sheet 101 and the structure and working principle of the labyrinth seal. The front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 form a sealed cavity. The brush 104, under the preload of the wave spring sheet 101, clings to the rotor, forming a seal. When airflow flows from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area, it must pass through multiple changes of direction and narrow channels. This lengthens the path, increases flow resistance, forms eddies and turbulence, gradually dissipates kinetic energy, reduces flow velocity and pressure, and ultimately reduces leakage, achieving a highly efficient seal. The elastic deformation and adaptive adjustment of the brush 104 ensure the stability and reliability of the sealing effect.

[0132] Specifically, the structural features of the wave spring sheet 101 are as follows: the top of the wave spring sheet 101 is a natural shape in an unstressed state, presenting a regular wavy curve; the middle of the wave spring sheet 101 represents the deformation of the spring sheet when subjected to a certain pressure, and the raised part is compressed by the external force; the bottom of the wave spring sheet 101 is in a further compressed state when subjected to the force generated by the rotor movement, and the raised part becomes flatter.

[0133] Specifically, the interaction between the wave spring sheet 101 and other components is as follows: First, the wave spring sheet 101 provides continuous preload force to the brush filaments 104 through its elastic deformation, allowing the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the movement and slight deformation of the rotor and maintain the sealing effect; the raised portion of the wave spring sheet 101 elastically deforms under the force generated by the rotor movement, absorbing and buffering external forces and reducing wear on the brush filaments. Second, the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 provide a fixed position and support for the wave spring sheet 101, ensuring that it can deform and recover normally when subjected to force; supported by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, the wave spring sheet 101 achieves preload and elastic support for the brush filaments 104.

[0134] Furthermore, the wave spring sheet 101 functions as follows: First, it provides elastic restoring force. When unstressed, the wave spring sheet 101 exhibits a wavy shape, and its natural shape provides initial elastic restoring force. When subjected to an external force, the wave spring sheet 101 elastically deforms, compressing the raised portion and converting the external force into elastic potential energy. Second, it provides preload and elastic support. Within the sealing device, the wave spring sheet 101 elastically deforms, providing a continuous preload for the brush filaments 104, ensuring they adhere closely to the rotor surface and maintain a good seal. During high-speed rotor rotation, the elastic deformation of the wave spring sheet 101 adapts to minor rotor deformations and eccentric motion, reducing wear on the brush filaments 104. Third, the transmission and buffering of force. The force generated by the rotor movement is transmitted to the wave spring sheet 101 through the brush wire 104. The elastic deformation of the wave spring sheet 101 absorbs and buffers the external force, reducing the force directly acting on the brush wire 104, thereby reducing friction and wear; then the wave spring sheet 101 pushes the brush wire 104 back to its original position through the elastic restoring force, ensuring the continuity and stability of the sealing effect.

[0135] Furthermore, the wavy structure of the wave spring sheet 101 complicates the airflow path and increases flow resistance. As the airflow passes through the narrow channel between the wave spring sheet 101 and the brush filaments 104, it changes direction multiple times, forming eddies and turbulence. Kinetic energy is gradually dissipated, the flow rate decreases, and the pressure is reduced. This creates a multi-stage sealing structure, reducing air leakage and achieving a highly efficient sealing effect. The airflow path formed using the wave spring sheet 101 is as follows:

[0136] S1. Initial airflow entry: When the gas enters the sealing device, it first encounters the combination of the wave spring sheet 101 and the brush filaments 104. Due to the wavy structure of the wave spring sheet 101 and the arrangement of the brush filaments 104, the airflow must change direction multiple times. When the airflow enters the narrow channel formed by the spring sheet and the brush filaments, it first encounters a protrusion (peak) on the spring sheet.

[0137] S2. Airflow flows through the spring sheet: The wavy structure of the wave spring sheet 101 forces the airflow to fluctuate up and down as it passes through; these up and down fluctuations are equivalent to extending the path of the airflow, allowing the airflow to flow along a longer path.

[0138] S3. Complex Path and Increased Resistance: As the airflow passes through the narrow channel between the wave spring sheet 101 and the brush filament 104, the flow path becomes further complicated. The airflow needs to change direction at each wave peak and valley, which increases the flow resistance. The airflow must bypass this protrusion and flow to the next depression (valley). In this process, the direction of the airflow changes for the first time. When bypassing the protrusion, the airflow encounters increased resistance because the flow path becomes more complex. After passing the valley, the airflow needs to bypass the next protrusion again to continue flowing, and the direction changes again. This direction change process is repeated on each wave-shaped structure of the wave spring sheet 101, and the airflow continuously changes direction between peaks and valleys.

[0139] S4. Generation of vortices and turbulence: At each direction change point (peak and valley), the airflow is prone to forming localized rotating vortices due to the sudden change in direction. These vortices further increase the flow resistance of the airflow. Due to the multiple changes in airflow direction and the influence of narrow channels, vortices are easily generated in each wavy area of ​​the wave spring plate 101. With the multiple direction changes and complex path of the airflow, the airflow becomes unstable and forms turbulence. Turbulence increases friction and energy dissipation of the airflow, further slowing the airflow speed. In turn, the instability and complex path of the airflow lead to the generation of turbulence, increasing the resistance and energy dissipation of the airflow.

[0140] S5. Energy dissipation and flow rate reduction: In the process of passing through the wave spring sheet 101 and the brush wire 104, the kinetic energy of the airflow is gradually converted into heat energy and sound energy, reducing the kinetic energy of the airflow; as the kinetic energy of the airflow is continuously dissipated, the speed of the airflow gradually decreases and the pressure also decreases accordingly.

[0141] S6. Forming a multi-stage seal: The multi-stage sealing structure of the wave spring sheet 101 and the brush wire 104 hinders the airflow at each stage, gradually reducing the pressure and flow rate of the airflow. Since the airflow gradually dissipates energy in the multi-stage sealing structure, the amount of gas leaked is very small, achieving effective sealing.

[0142] like Figure 9 As shown, the radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside the cycloid rotor engine described in the present invention shows two arrangements of the brush wires 104: staggered (a), aligned (b), and aligned in the middle with staggered around (c).

[0143] The steps for installing the brush filaments 104 are as follows: First, secure the brush filaments 104 by fixing one end of each brush filament 104 to the front baffle 103 and the other end to the rear baffle 102. High-performance welding or mechanical clips can be used for securing. Ensure that the spacing between each brush filament 104 meets the design requirements to ensure tightness and neatness of the arrangement. Next, assemble the sealed cavity by tightly combining the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a sealed cavity. Use high-strength screws or rivets to secure the baffles to ensure the stability and sealing of the sealed cavity. Add a sealing strip or sealing ring at the joint between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to further improve the sealing performance and prevent dust and impurities from entering the cavity. Finally, install the brush filaments 104 to the rotor system. Install the assembled brush filaments 104 in three arrangements: staggered (a), straight (b), and straight in the middle with staggered around the perimeter (c). Install the brush filaments 104 to the rotor system, ensuring effective contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface. By adjusting the installation positions of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 , it is ensured that the brush filaments 104 can generate appropriate pressure and coverage area when the rotor rotates.

[0144] (1) Arrangement of brush filaments 104: Cross-stack (a)

[0145] The brush filaments 104 are arranged in a staggered pattern, forming a V-shaped arrangement. Each brush filament 104 is staggered with adjacent brush filaments 104, creating more intersections and paths. Each row of brush filaments 104 is horizontally offset relative to adjacent rows. This displacement prevents airflow from flowing in a straight line as it passes through the brush filaments 104, forcing it to constantly change direction within the narrow channels between the brush filaments 104.

[0146] Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of the brush filaments 104 forces the airflow to follow a more complex path, requiring multiple changes of direction. This means the airflow changes direction as it passes through each row of brush filaments 104. Each change of direction increases flow resistance and energy loss. Specifically, the staggered arrangement of the brush filaments 104 forces the airflow to follow a more complex path, thereby lengthening the gas flow path. Compared to a straight row, the airflow in a staggered row must travel a longer path to reach the other end. This longer path increases friction and energy loss, thereby reducing leakage.

[0147] Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of the brush filaments 104 causes the airflow to form eddies and turbulence as it passes through, further increasing flow resistance and energy loss. When the airflow contacts the staggered brush filaments 104, the offset between each layer of brush filaments 104 prevents the airflow from moving in a straight line and is instead constantly obstructed and guided by the brush filaments 104. The staggered arrangement of the brush filaments 104 causes the airflow to have an irregular motion path, forming eddies and turbulence.

[0148] Furthermore, in this staggered arrangement of brush filaments 104, the airflow is forced to change direction when passing through each layer of brush filaments 104, forming eddies and turbulence:

[0149] S1. Vortex formation at the entrance: When the airflow enters the brush filament array 104, vortices are first formed around the first layer of brush filaments 104. These vortices rotate between the brush filaments 104, making the airflow path more complex.

[0150] S2. Staggered arrangement exacerbates turbulence: When the airflow passes through the second and subsequent layers of brush filaments 104, it is affected by the staggered arrangement, forming more unstable turbulence. The random changes in airflow speed and direction further increase flow resistance.

[0151] S3. Multiple detours and dispersions: The airflow continuously detours and disperses in the gaps between each layer of brush wires 104 , forming new eddies and turbulences each time it encounters a brush wire 104 , causing the overall path to become extremely complex.

[0152] Furthermore, the airflow path of the cross-arranged brush filaments 104 is as follows:

[0153] S1. Airflow contacts the brush filaments 104 at the entrance: When airflow enters the brush filament array 104, it first contacts the first layer of brush filaments 104. These brush filaments 104 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the airflow cannot directly pass through the brush filament array.

[0154] S2. Airflow Collision, Dispersion, and Diversion: The airflow first encounters the first layer of brushes 104, where it is divided into several small flow units. These units are forced to change direction and bypass the first layer of brushes 104. These divided airflow units then encounter the second layer of brushes 104, where they are again divided and redirected. Due to the staggered arrangement of the brushes 104, the airflow seeks gaps to pass through, but these gaps are blocked by the second layer of brushes 104, forcing the airflow to further disperse and divert.

[0155] S3. Path Complexity: Each layer of brush filaments 104 is staggered with the previous and next layers. This staggered arrangement forces the airflow to constantly change direction as it passes through the brush array 104, creating a complex path. The airflow is blocked and diverted each time it encounters a brush filament 104, complicating its path. As the airflow passes through the brush array 104, it must navigate around multiple obstacles, resulting in a repeatedly changing path.

[0156] S4. Kinetic energy consumption and speed reduction: As the airflow needs to constantly circle and change direction, its kinetic energy is consumed by the brush filaments 104, resulting in a slowdown in the airflow speed. The dense arrangement of the brush filaments 104 causes the airflow to be obstructed multiple times during its passage, further slowing down the airflow speed and increasing the difficulty of the airflow passing through the brush filament array 104.

[0157] S5. The airflow is finally discharged: After multiple detours and dispersions, the airflow finally passes through the brush filament 104 array and enters the sealed cavity. At this point, the kinetic energy of the airflow is greatly reduced, and the flow rate is also significantly reduced, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0158] Furthermore, the cross-row brush filaments 104 hinder the airflow: the brush filaments 104 not only mechanically form a physical obstacle to the airflow, but also increase the resistance of the airflow. First, direct contact resistance is generated. When the airflow passes through the brush filaments 104104, it rubs against the surface of the brush filaments 104104, which directly slows down the speed of the airflow. Second, gap resistance is generated. The gap between each brush filament 104 is very small (no more than 0.007 mm). The airflow must pass through these narrow gaps, which increases the difficulty and resistance of the flow. Third, energy dissipation. When the airflow changes direction multiple times and passes through narrow gaps, the kinetic energy is gradually converted into heat energy and sound energy, thereby dissipating part of the energy, causing the kinetic energy and pressure of the airflow to gradually decrease.

[0159] (2) Arrangement of brush filaments 104: sequential arrangement (b)

[0160] The brush filaments 104 are arranged in a straight line, parallel to each other. This allows gas to flow through the brush filaments 104 along a relatively straight path, reducing the complexity of the path. Despite the relatively simple gas flow path, the small spacing between each brush filament 104 (no more than 0.007 mm) still provides a certain sealing effect.

[0161] In the in-line arrangement (b), the brush filaments 104 are arranged in neat rows and columns, with equal spacing between the brush filaments 104. The airflow path of the in-line arrangement of the brush filaments 104 is relatively simple, but it also has a certain obstruction effect. The airflow path of the in-line arrangement of the brush filaments 104 is as follows:

[0162] S1. Airflow contacts the brush filaments 104 at the entrance: When airflow enters the brush filament array 104, it first contacts the first row of brush filaments 104. Since the brush filaments 104 are neatly arranged, the airflow will find a path to pass through the gaps between the brush filaments 104.

[0163] S2. Airflow dispersion: When the airflow passes through each row of brush filaments 104, it needs to be dispersed and flow along the gaps between the brush filaments 104. Since the brush filaments 104 are neatly arranged, the airflow path is relatively regular, but it is still hindered by the brush filaments 104.

[0164] S3. Simple airflow path: The airflow can find a relatively direct path between the brush filaments 104 , but still needs to bypass each row of brush filaments 104 .

[0165] S4. Flow Resistance and Kinetic Energy Consumption: Each row of brushes 104 creates a certain amount of resistance to the airflow, dissipating kinetic energy as it passes through, slowing the airflow. Although the path is relatively simple, the density and spacing of the brushes 104 determine the flow resistance.

[0166] S5. Kinetic energy consumption: After being blocked by multiple rows of brushes 104, the airflow finally passes through the array of brushes 104 and enters the sealed cavity. Due to the density of the brushes 104, the kinetic energy of the airflow is consumed, and the flow rate is slowed down, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0167] S6. Final discharge: After being blocked by multiple rows of brushes 104, the airflow finally passes through the array of brushes 104 and enters the sealed cavity. Due to the density of the brushes 104, the kinetic energy of the airflow is consumed and the flow rate is slowed, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0168] Example 1 Specific embodiment of the labyrinth seal in the radial brush-labyrinth seal device

[0169] (1) The labyrinth groove 105 in the front baffle 103 and the labyrinth effect it produces

[0170] In one specific embodiment, a front baffle 103 was installed on a cycloidal rotor engine and tested under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. First, the machined front baffle 103 was mounted on the front of a brush seal, forming a single-piece seal with the rear baffle 102 and brushes 104. The seal was then installed on the cycloidal rotor engine to verify the labyrinthine grooves 105 of the front baffle 103 and the resulting labyrinthine effect.

[0171] The front baffle 103 is installed at the front of the brush seal and is lower than the rear baffle 102. It is made of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant, and corrosion-resistant stainless steel. Three square labyrinth grooves 105 are machined into the front baffle 103. Each labyrinth groove 105 is 0.5 mm deep and 0.3 mm wide. The distance between the labyrinth grooves 105 is 0.5 mm, ensuring uniform distribution. Multiple labyrinth grooves 105 are provided on the front baffle, creating a maze effect.

[0172] The labyrinth grooves 105 are symmetrically arranged, forcing gas to change its flow path as it passes through the front baffle 103. When combustion gases or other fluids enter the first labyrinth groove 105, the tortuous path slows the gas flow. As the gas enters the second and third labyrinth grooves 105, the flow path becomes more complex, further slowing the gas flow and increasing flow resistance. Within this complex flow path, some gas can stagnate due to the slow flow rate, forming an "air lock," further impeding the flow of further gas.

[0173] Tests have verified that after passing through the labyrinth grooves 105 of the front baffle 103, the gas flow rate is significantly reduced, by approximately 80%, effectively preventing gas leakage. Compared with a front baffle 103 without grooves, the labyrinth effect created by the present invention significantly improves the overall sealing effectiveness of the sealing device and reduces leakage.

[0174] Conclusion: This embodiment utilizes a labyrinthine groove 105 on the front baffle 103 to create a tortuous and complex flow path for combustion gases or other fluids, thereby reducing speed, increasing flow resistance, and partially blocking the flow of gases. Experimental results demonstrate that this design significantly reduces the risk of gas leakage and improves the overall sealing effectiveness of the sealing device, making it suitable for sealing cycloidal rotor engines under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

[0175] (2) The airflow path created by the maze effect formed by the front baffle 103

[0176] S1. Initial gas inflow: When the combustion gas or other fluid enters the front baffle 103, it first encounters the labyrinth groove 105 on the front baffle 103, and the gas path begins to become tortuous; the gas enters the first labyrinth groove 105 and begins to change its originally straight flow path, slowing down and increasing flow resistance.

[0177] S2. Path tortuosity: When the gas flows in the first labyrinth groove 105, it is forced to flow in a tortuous manner along the shape of the labyrinth groove 105; after flowing out of the first labyrinth groove 105, the gas immediately enters the next labyrinth groove 105 (the second labyrinth groove 105), repeating the tortuous flow process and continuing to flow along the shape of the labyrinth groove 105; each time the gas passes through a labyrinth groove 105, the gas needs to constantly change direction, which increases the frictional resistance of the gas; each labyrinth groove 105 forces the gas to change direction, increasing the length and complexity of the path of the gas flow.

[0178] S3. Flow deceleration and increased resistance: During each change of direction, the kinetic energy of the gas is lost, and the flow speed gradually slows down; the tortuous path and frequent changes in direction increase the resistance to gas flow, and the gas flow speed gradually slows down in each maze groove 105; the friction generated by the wall surface within the maze groove 105 further increases the resistance to gas flow, causing the gas kinetic energy to continue to be lost.

[0179] S4. Formation of an air plug effect: Under low flow rate or high resistance conditions, part of the gas will stagnate in certain labyrinth grooves 105, forming an air plug effect; the stagnant gas further blocks the flow of subsequent gas, increasing the resistance to the subsequent gas flow, forcing more gas to slow down or stop flowing.

[0180] S5. Final outflow: After a series of tortuous flows and deceleration in the labyrinth grooves 105 , the remaining gas finally flows out from the labyrinth grooves 105 of the front baffle 103 ; since the gas flow rate and flow rate are greatly reduced, the amount of leaked gas is significantly reduced and the sealing effect is enhanced.

[0181] (3) Specific airflow path of labyrinth seal

[0182] Furthermore, in the labyrinth seal device, after entering from the high-pressure area, the gas needs to pass through the channels formed between the multiple narrow labyrinth grooves 105. In this process, each change of direction consumes the kinetic energy of the gas, causing the gas to gradually slow down and reduce pressure.

[0183] S1. Air flow enters the high-pressure area: In the initial state, the gas is in the high-pressure area with higher pressure and kinetic energy, and the gas is driven into the inlet of the labyrinth seal device.

[0184] S2. Airflow enters the labyrinth seal: Upon entering the labyrinth seal's inlet, the gas begins to pass through multiple narrow grooves and the channels formed by these grooves. Next, the gas encounters the first narrow labyrinth groove 105. The narrow size of labyrinth groove 105 increases airflow resistance, slowing the airflow and converting some of its kinetic energy into heat.

[0185] S3. Airflow changes direction: After passing through the first labyrinth groove 105, the airflow needs to change direction to continue moving forward. This change of direction increases the complexity of the flow path and further consumes the kinetic energy of the gas. Each change of direction consumes some of the kinetic energy of the gas, causing the airflow speed to gradually slow down.

[0186] S4. Passing through subsequent labyrinth grooves 105 and labyrinth grooves 105: The air passes through multiple subsequent narrow labyrinth grooves 105 in sequence. Each labyrinth groove 105 obstructs the airflow, forcing it to slow down. After passing through each labyrinth groove 105, the airflow must change direction multiple times, and each direction change consumes more kinetic energy.

[0187] S5. Eddy and turbulent flow formation: With each change in direction, the airflow tends to form small eddies within the labyrinth grooves 105 and at their edges. These eddies increase the complexity and resistance of the airflow path. As the airflow passes through more labyrinth grooves 105 and changes direction, turbulence becomes more pronounced, increasing airflow instability and kinetic energy consumption.

[0188] S6. Deceleration and pressure reduction: As the airflow continues to pass through the multiple labyrinth grooves 105 and changes direction, the kinetic energy is continuously consumed and the airflow speed gradually slows down. The deceleration of the airflow is accompanied by a gradual decrease in pressure, and eventually the gas enters the low-pressure area from the high-pressure area.

[0189] S7. Passing through the low-pressure zone outlet of the labyrinth seal: The gas finally passes through the outlet of the labyrinth seal and enters the low-pressure zone. At this point, the kinetic energy and pressure of the airflow have been significantly reduced, and the flow rate of the gas has also slowed down significantly.

[0190] Example 2 Specific embodiment of the labyrinth groove shape (labyrinth groove 105)

[0191] In a specific embodiment, a radial brush-labyrinth sealing device is installed inside a cycloidal rotor engine according to the present invention. First, a labyrinth groove structure is machined on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102. The groove shape of the labyrinth groove 105 is designed to be bilaterally symmetrical, and ensure that the distance between the grooves is between 0.3 and 0.8 mm. The processing method can adopt precision milling, wire cutting or laser cutting to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape of the groove shape. Then, the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are assembled. The front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are tightly connected by screws or rivets to form a closed sealed cavity. A sealing strip or sealing ring is added at the joint of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to further improve the sealing performance and prevent dust and impurities from entering the cavity. Next, install the brushes 104 and secure them in a sequential arrangement between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102. Ensure that the brushes 104 interact with the labyrinthine groove structure of the labyrinth groove 105 to form a complex airflow path. Ensure that the spacing between each brush 104 meets the design requirements to ensure a tight and neat arrangement. Finally, install the brushes 104 into the rotor system and install the assembled brush 104 sequential sealing device onto the rotor system to ensure effective contact between the brushes 104 and the rotor surface. Adjust the installation position of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to ensure that the brushes 104 generate appropriate pressure and coverage when the rotor rotates.

[0192] Furthermore, in a labyrinth seal, after entering from the high-pressure area, the gas needs to pass through the channels formed between multiple narrow labyrinth grooves 105. During this process, each change in direction consumes the kinetic energy of the gas, causing the gas to gradually slow down and reduce pressure. The specific airflow path of the labyrinth seal is as follows:

[0193] S1. Air flow enters the high-pressure area: In the initial state, the gas is in the high-pressure area with higher pressure and kinetic energy, and the gas is driven into the inlet of the labyrinth seal device.

[0194] S2. Airflow enters the labyrinth seal: Upon entering the labyrinth seal's inlet, the gas begins to pass through multiple narrow grooves and the channels formed by these grooves. Next, the gas encounters the first narrow labyrinth groove 105. The narrow size of labyrinth groove 105 increases airflow resistance, slowing the airflow and converting some of its kinetic energy into heat.

[0195] S3. Airflow changes direction: After passing through the first labyrinth groove 105, the airflow needs to change direction to continue moving forward. This change of direction increases the complexity of the flow path and further consumes the kinetic energy of the gas. Each change of direction consumes some of the kinetic energy of the gas, causing the airflow speed to gradually slow down.

[0196] S4. Passing through subsequent labyrinth grooves 105 and labyrinth grooves 105: The air passes through multiple subsequent narrow labyrinth grooves 105 in sequence. Each labyrinth groove 105 obstructs the airflow, forcing it to slow down. After passing through each labyrinth groove 105, the airflow must change direction multiple times, and each direction change consumes more kinetic energy.

[0197] S5. Eddy and turbulent flow formation: With each change in direction, the airflow tends to form small eddies within the labyrinth grooves 105 and at their edges. These eddies increase the complexity and resistance of the airflow path. As the airflow passes through more labyrinth grooves 105 and changes direction, turbulence becomes more pronounced, increasing airflow instability and kinetic energy consumption.

[0198] S6. Deceleration and pressure reduction: As the airflow continues to pass through the multiple labyrinth grooves 105 and changes direction, the kinetic energy is continuously consumed and the airflow speed gradually slows down. The deceleration of the airflow is accompanied by a gradual decrease in pressure, and eventually the gas enters the low-pressure area from the high-pressure area.

[0199] S7. Passing through the low-pressure zone outlet of the labyrinth seal: The gas finally passes through the outlet of the labyrinth seal and enters the low-pressure zone. At this point, the kinetic energy and pressure of the airflow have been significantly reduced, and the flow rate of the gas has also slowed down significantly.

[0200] (1) Low-speed operation

[0201] In one embodiment, when the rotor is operating at low speed, airflow enters the labyrinthine groove structure and passes through multiple curved paths, gradually dissipating the kinetic energy of the airflow and slowing the airflow, thereby enhancing the sealing effect. The contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface ensures a basic sealing effect during low-speed operation, preventing gas and lubricant leakage.

[0202] (2) Medium speed operation

[0203] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor operates at medium speed, the airflow forms eddies and turbulence within the labyrinthine groove structure, further increasing the complexity of the airflow path and flow resistance. This enhanced sealing effect effectively prevents gas and lubricant leakage during medium-speed operation, while also preventing external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity.

[0204] (3) High-speed operation

[0205] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor operates at high speed, the airflow through the labyrinthine groove structure consumes significant kinetic energy, significantly slowing the airflow. At high speeds, the brush filaments 104 create a higher contact pressure and larger contact area with the rotor surface, ensuring the strongest possible sealing effect at high speeds. The combination of the labyrinthine groove structure and the brush filaments 104 effectively prevents external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity, increasing airflow and debris inside and outside the cycloidal rotor engine system.

[0206] Furthermore, in a labyrinth seal, after entering from the high-pressure area, the gas needs to pass through the channels formed between multiple narrow labyrinth grooves 105. During this process, each change in direction consumes the kinetic energy of the gas, causing the gas to gradually slow down and reduce pressure. The specific airflow path of the labyrinth seal is as follows:

[0207] S1. Air flow enters the high-pressure area: In the initial state, the gas is in the high-pressure area with higher pressure and kinetic energy, and the gas is driven into the inlet of the labyrinth seal device.

[0208] S2. Airflow enters the labyrinth seal: Upon entering the labyrinth seal's inlet, the gas begins to pass through multiple narrow grooves and the channels formed by these grooves. Next, the gas encounters the first narrow labyrinth groove 105. The narrow size of labyrinth groove 105 increases airflow resistance, slowing the airflow and converting some of its kinetic energy into heat.

[0209] S3. Airflow changes direction: After passing through the first labyrinth groove 105, the airflow needs to change direction to continue moving forward. This change of direction increases the complexity of the flow path and further consumes the kinetic energy of the gas. Each change of direction consumes some of the kinetic energy of the gas, causing the airflow speed to gradually slow down.

[0210] S4. Passing through subsequent labyrinth grooves 105 and labyrinth grooves 105: The air passes through multiple subsequent narrow labyrinth grooves 105 in sequence. Each labyrinth groove 105 obstructs the airflow, forcing it to slow down. After passing through each labyrinth groove 105, the airflow must change direction multiple times, and each direction change consumes more kinetic energy.

[0211] S5. Eddy and turbulent flow formation: With each change in direction, the airflow tends to form small eddies within the labyrinth grooves 105 and at their edges. These eddies increase the complexity and resistance of the airflow path. As the airflow passes through more labyrinth grooves 105 and changes direction, turbulence becomes more pronounced, increasing airflow instability and kinetic energy consumption.

[0212] S6. Deceleration and pressure reduction: As the airflow continues to pass through the multiple labyrinth grooves 105 and changes direction, the kinetic energy is continuously consumed and the airflow speed gradually slows down. The deceleration of the airflow is accompanied by a gradual decrease in pressure, and eventually the gas enters the low-pressure area from the high-pressure area.

[0213] S7. Passing through the low-pressure zone outlet of the labyrinth seal: The gas finally passes through the outlet of the labyrinth seal and enters the low-pressure zone. At this point, the kinetic energy and pressure of the airflow have been significantly reduced, and the flow rate of the gas has also slowed down significantly.

[0214] Example 3 Specific examples of labyrinth grooves 105 of different shapes on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 104

[0215] In different embodiments, the labyrinth grooves 105 provided on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 104 may be square, circular, or trapezoidal.

[0216] (1) Square maze groove 105

[0217] In a specific embodiment, the grooves provided on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 104 are square labyrinth grooves 105. During operation of the cycloid rotor engine, the square labyrinth grooves 105 ensure that the gas does not generate turbulence or uneven flow paths when flowing at the radial seals through uniform resistance, thereby reducing the risk of gas leakage and maintaining the pressure in the combustion chamber.

[0218] From the gas flow path, the compressed air and fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber through the intake duct. After ignition, the resulting high-pressure gas drives the rotor to rotate. The radial sealing strips in the square labyrinth grooves 105 effectively seal the combustion chamber, preventing high-pressure gas leakage and ensuring engine power output and efficiency. This sealing function is crucial for maintaining the high-pressure environment in the combustion chamber, directly affecting the power and fuel efficiency of the cycloidal rotor engine.

[0219] Furthermore, the rotor of a cycloidal rotor engine rotates within the cylinder, and the edges of the radial seals are susceptible to wear from high-frequency operation. Gas flow along the edges can cause localized wear. The square labyrinth grooves 105 can disperse stress, reducing the concentrated wear caused by high-frequency friction, and directly reducing wear on the edges of the radial seals.

[0220] (2) Circular maze groove 105

[0221] In a specific embodiment, the labyrinth grooves 105 provided on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 104 are circular labyrinth grooves 105. During operation of the cycloidal rotor engine, when the compressed air and fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber through the intake duct, some of the gas will contact the radial seal and attempt to pass through the circular labyrinth grooves 105. Since the circular labyrinth grooves 105 have no sharp edges, the airflow will enter the circular labyrinth grooves 105 smoothly.

[0222] From the gas flow path, the airflow flows along a curved path. The airflow path within the circular labyrinth groove 105 is curved, and the curved path forces the gas to follow the curved path of the groove as it flows within the circular labyrinth groove 105. As the gas flows in a curved path, its kinetic energy is gradually dissipated because the curved path increases the resistance to gas flow. In the circular labyrinth groove 105, the path length and frictional resistance of the gas flow increase, and the speed of the airflow slows down. The smooth curve shape reduces turbulence and turbulence, allowing the gas to flow in a more uniform manner and reducing pressure fluctuations. With several consecutive circular labyrinth grooves 105, the airflow will need to pass through each circular labyrinth groove 105, further increasing the path length and resistance of the airflow. The curved path of each circular labyrinth groove 105 gradually dissipates the energy of the gas, thereby forming a gradually decreasing pressure gradient within each circular labyrinth groove 105.

[0223] Furthermore, after the airflow passes through the circular maze groove 105, due to energy dissipation and increased path resistance, the kinetic energy of the gas is greatly reduced, the flow velocity is reduced, and the remaining gas will eventually leave the circular maze groove 105 with lower kinetic energy and velocity; ultimately, the circular maze groove 105 effectively reduces gas leakage and achieves effective sealing.

[0224] (3) Trapezoidal maze groove 105

[0225] In one specific embodiment, the labyrinth grooves 105 provided on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 104 are trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105. When the compressed air and fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber through the intake duct, some of the gas contacts the radial seal and attempts to pass through the trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105. The entrance of the trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105 is relatively wide, allowing airflow to enter more easily. However, as the gas flow path gradually narrows, the gas flow characteristics change.

[0226] As the gas flows through trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105, the path gradually narrows, increasing resistance to gas flow and slowing the flow. The sidewalls and bottom of trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105 guide the gas along their shape, causing the gas path to gradually narrow and increase in length. This gradually narrowing structure of trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105 increases frictional resistance to gas flow, thereby slowing the flow of gas.

[0227] Furthermore, for a number of consecutive trapezoidal labyrinth grooves 105, the airflow will need to pass through each gradually narrowing trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105, further increasing the airflow path length and resistance. The gradually narrowing path of each trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105 will gradually dissipate the gas kinetic energy, thereby forming a gradually decreasing pressure gradient in each trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105. After the airflow passes through the trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105, the narrowing path and increased resistance significantly reduce the gas kinetic energy and flow velocity, and the remaining gas will eventually leave the groove with lower kinetic energy and velocity.

[0228]

[0229]

[0230] Conclusion: The square labyrinth groove 105 finds a balance between sealing effect and flow smoothness, providing a good gas sealing effect while reducing stress concentration and wear; the circular labyrinth groove 105 performs better in reducing wear and has higher flow smoothness, but its sealing effect under high pressure conditions is slightly inferior to that of the square labyrinth groove 105; the trapezoidal labyrinth groove 105 has advantages in contact area and sealing effect, but has the problems of increased flow resistance and wear concentration. After improvement, it is currently the best choice.

[0231] Example 4: Description of the structure of the integrally processed front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 in different working conditions

[0232] The wave spring sheet 101 is fixed above the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 and is designed to provide a constant preload force under both static and dynamic working conditions. The wave spring sheet 101 applies downward pressure to the brush wire 104 under static conditions, so that the brush wire 104 is in close contact with the rotor surface.

[0233] (1) Static condition (cycloid rotor engine not running)

[0234] In a specific embodiment, in static operating conditions (when the engine is not running), a wave spring sheet 101 is installed above the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102. Its elastic action applies a preload force to the brush 104 in static conditions. Due to the preload of the wave spring sheet 101, the brush 104 is ensured to always adhere to the rotor surface, preventing air or other media from leaking through the gap between the brush 104 and the rotor. The preload of the wave spring sheet 101 forces the brush 104 to adhere to the rotor surface, forming a preliminary seal. The contact point of the preliminary seal ensures that there is no gap between the brush 104 and the rotor when the cycloid rotor engine is not running, laying the foundation for a good sealing effect after startup. This preloaded contact quickly forms an effective seal when the engine is started, reducing the risk of leakage during startup.

[0235] The front and rear baffles 103 and 102 are manufactured using a one-piece molding process, employing high-precision machining or casting techniques to ensure their coaxiality and surface flatness. A wave spring 101 is installed above the front and rear baffles (103 and 102), applying a preload to the brush filaments 104 through its elastic action in static conditions. The absence of joints enhances the sealing integrity of the assembly and reduces potential leak paths.

[0236] The front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are integrally formed, thereby ensuring the overall strength and stability of the entire sealing device; the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are integrally formed to reduce possible assembly errors and potential leakage paths at the joints; the size and position accuracy of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are ensured, so that the sealing device can be more accurately installed in the cycloid rotor engine, thereby improving the overall sealing performance.

[0237] (2) Starting conditions (when the cycloid rotor engine is started)

[0238] In one specific embodiment, when the cycloid rotor engine is started, the rotor begins to rotate from a stationary state. At this point, the rotor's surface speed gradually increases, generating centrifugal force and airflow dynamics that exert initial mechanical stress on the sealing device. Because the wave spring sheet 101 has already applied a preload to the brush filaments 104 under static conditions, the brush filaments 104 adhere closely to the rotor surface. Furthermore, when the cycloid rotor engine is started, this preload ensures that the brush filaments 104 immediately come into close contact with the rotor surface, forming an initial seal and preventing leakage at the beginning of the rotor's rotation. As the rotor begins to rotate, the brush filaments 104, relying on the preload of the wave spring sheet 101, quickly form a seal and prevent gas leakage.

[0239] Because the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 are integrally formed, the overall strength and stability of the sealing device are ensured. When the cycloid rotor engine is started, the rotation of the rotor generates initial mechanical stress on the sealing device. The integrated front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 structure offers greater mechanical strength, effectively withstanding these stresses and maintaining structural integrity. Due to the high precision and stability of this integrated process, the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 will not deform or shift during startup, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 maintain stable contact with the rotor surface and maintain the initial sealing effect.

[0240] (3) Normal operating conditions (when the cycloid rotor engine rotates at high speed)

[0241] When the cycloid rotor engine rotates at high speeds, the brush filaments 104 maintain a tight fit on the rotor surface thanks to the preload and deformation resistance provided by the wave spring sheet 101. Brush filaments 104 effectively separate the high-pressure area of ​​the combustion shroud from the low-pressure area of ​​the exhaust shroud, forming a physical barrier that prevents high-pressure gas from leaking into the low-pressure area and ensures a highly effective seal. The high flexibility of brush filaments 104 and the constant preload of the wave spring sheet 101 allow them to adapt to the high-speed rotation and slight deformation of the rotor, maintaining a good seal.

[0242] Furthermore, as the rotor rotates at high speed, the gas passes through the complex path of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104 on the front and rear baffles 102. The staggered arrangement of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the structure of the labyrinth grooves 105 require the gas to change direction multiple times during the flow process, gradually dissipating kinetic energy. When the gas passes through the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104, the kinetic energy is gradually dissipated, forming vortices and isobaric expansion, causing the airflow velocity to gradually decrease, and ultimately achieving a sealing effect. The labyrinth grooves 105 on the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 are staggered to form a complex gas flow path, which increases the resistance and kinetic energy dissipation of the airflow. When the gas passes through the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104, due to the multiple changes in the path and the expansion of the labyrinth grooves 105, vortices are formed, and the kinetic energy of the airflow is gradually dissipated, resulting in a decrease in speed, ultimately achieving a sealing effect.

[0243] During high-speed operation of a cycloidal rotor engine, the wave spring sheet 101 exhibits excellent deformation resistance under high-speed rotation conditions. It maintains its shape and elasticity under high-frequency vibration and centrifugal force, continuously providing preload, keeping the brush filaments 104 in close contact with the rotor surface. The preload and deformation resistance provided by the wave spring sheet 101 enable the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the high-speed movement and slight deformation of the rotor, preventing seal failure and ensuring a highly effective sealing effect.

[0244] (4) High temperature and high pressure conditions

[0245] Under high temperature and high pressure environments, the materials of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 will expand and contract due to heat and cold. The integrated structure of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 has better thermal stability and uniformity, and can adapt to changes in expansion at high temperatures and contraction at low temperatures. The integrated structural design allows the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to be subjected to uniform force during thermal expansion and contraction, avoiding deformation differences between different parts and maintaining the stability of the overall structure and the sealing effect. Due to the high stability of the integrated structure, the brush 104 can always remain in the designed position and maintain close contact with the rotor surface, thereby effectively maintaining the sealing performance. The wave spring sheet 101 is usually made of highly elastic and heat-resistant materials, which can maintain its elasticity and preload in high temperature and high pressure environments. Under high temperature and high pressure, the wave spring sheet 101 continuously provides preload, so that the brush 104 always adheres to the rotor surface to ensure the sealing effect.

[0246] (5) Low temperature and low pressure working conditions

[0247] Under low-temperature operating conditions, the material of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 shrinks. The integrated structure ensures close contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface, preventing gaps and maintaining sealing performance. The front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 are typically made of an alloy material with good shrinkage adaptability in low-temperature environments. Through integrated molding, the stability and uniformity of the material of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 at low temperatures are ensured. The integrated design ensures uniform stress distribution during the low-temperature shrinkage process of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102, preventing differential deformation of different parts and maintaining overall structural stability and sealing effectiveness.

[0248] Furthermore, the integrated structure of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 ensures that the brush filaments 104 remain in their designed position and in close contact with the rotor surface, ensuring effective sealing in low-temperature environments. The wave spring sheet 101 continues to provide preload force in low-temperature and low-pressure environments, keeping the brush filaments 104 in close contact with the rotor surface. The wave spring sheet 101 material maintains its elasticity and preload force in low-temperature environments, ensuring close contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor. In low-temperature and low-pressure environments, the preload force of the wave spring sheet 101 enables the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the contraction of the rotor, maintaining a good seal.

[0249]

[0250] Test Verification 1: Under static operating conditions, the integrated machining of the front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 ensures the overall structural stability and high precision of the sealing device. The preload provided by the wave spring 101 ensures that the brush filaments 104 maintain close contact with the rotor surface even when not in operation, ensuring a preliminary seal and laying the foundation for efficient sealing after the cycloid rotor engine starts. This design not only improves the reliability of the sealing device but also reduces potential leakage risks, ensuring the stable operation of the cycloid rotor engine under various operating conditions.

[0251] Test Verification 2: When the cycloid rotor engine starts, the rotor begins to rotate. The brush filaments 104, preloaded by the wave spring 101, cling to the rotor surface, quickly forming a preliminary seal and preventing initial gas leakage. The integrally machined front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102 withstand the initial mechanical stress during startup, maintaining stable contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor, and ensuring efficient sealing during engine startup. This design not only improves the reliability of the seal but also reduces the risk of leakage during startup, ensuring the stable operation of the cycloid rotor engine.

[0252] Test Verification 3: During high-speed rotation of a cycloidal rotor engine, the brush filaments 104, relying on the preload and deformation resistance provided by the wave spring sheet 101, adhere tightly to the rotor surface, separating the high-pressure and low-pressure zones and maintaining a seal. As the gas passes through the complex path of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush filaments 104, its kinetic energy is gradually dissipated, forming eddy currents and isobaric expansion, ultimately achieving a seal. The wave spring sheet 101 exhibits excellent deformation resistance under high-speed rotation, enabling the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the high-speed motion and slight deformation of the rotor, ensuring a highly effective seal.

[0253] Test Verification 4: Under high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions, the integrated structure of front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102, due to its excellent thermal stability and uniformity, can adapt to changes in thermal expansion and contraction, maintaining an effective seal with bristle 104. The wave spring 101 provides a continuous preload in this high-temperature and high-pressure environment, keeping bristle 104 in close contact with the rotor surface, adapting to the rotor's thermal expansion and contraction, and ensuring a good seal.

[0254] Test Verification 5: Under low-temperature and low-pressure operating conditions, the integrated structure of front baffle 103 and rear baffle 102, due to its excellent thermal stability and uniformity, can adapt to changes in contraction at low temperatures and maintain effective sealing of brush filaments 104. The wave spring 101 provides a continuous preload in low-temperature and low-pressure environments, keeping brush filaments 104 in close contact with the rotor surface, adapting to changes in rotor contraction and ensuring a good seal.

[0255] Example 5 Brush seal in radial brush-labyrinth seal device

[0256] (1) Cycloid rotor engine low speed operation

[0257] When a cycloidal rotor engine is operating at low speed, the rotor rotates relatively slowly. This typically occurs during startup, idling, or low-load conditions. Due to the low speed, the temperature of the cycloidal rotor engine's sealing system is also relatively low. This is because at low speeds, friction and airflow generate less heat, resulting in a lower thermal load on the entire system.

[0258] In a specific embodiment, during low-speed operation, when the cycloid rotor engine has a low rotational speed and low system temperature, the brush filaments 104 may slightly deflect. The slow rotation of the rotor causes the brush filaments 104 to slightly deflect. Although the deflection is small, the contact between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface remains stable and continuous.

[0259] The slow rotation of the rotor causes the brush filaments 104 to slightly deflect. Due to the low rotational speed, the deflection of the brush filaments 104 is minimal. The flexible design of the brush filaments 104 allows them to adapt to the direction of the rotor's rotation. Despite the minimal deflection, they maintain effective contact with the rotor surface. This contact is continuous and stable, and the slight deflection ensures that the brush filaments 104 can still perform their sealing function even at low speeds.

[0260] In terms of flexibility, the brush filaments 104 are in close contact with the rotor surface to achieve effective sealing. When running at low speed, the gas and lubricating oil in the sealed cavity will not leak easily, maintaining stable operation of the system.

[0261] Regarding the internal seal of the cycloid rotor engine, at low speeds, the gas and lubricant within the sealed cavity are unlikely to leak out. The flexibility and adaptability of the brush filaments 104 enable them to form an effective seal with the rotor surface, maintaining the stability of the internal medium. The brush seal is particularly important at low speeds, where the pressure difference between the rotor and the sealed cavity is small. The effective contact and sealing of the brush filaments 104 prevent the internal medium from escaping.

[0262] In terms of dust and impurity prevention, when running at low speeds, the intrusion of external dust or debris is relatively small. The sealed cavity and the brush wire 104 work together to form an effective barrier to prevent external impurities from entering the system and keep the system clean. The sealed cavity can effectively prevent these impurities from entering. The sealed cavity formed by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 provides a physical barrier to prevent external impurities from entering the cavity. The brush wire 104 itself also plays a certain barrier role, forming a protective barrier between the rotor surface and the external environment, further preventing external dust and debris from entering the system.

[0263] (2) Cycloid rotor engine running at medium speed

[0264] At medium speeds, the cycloid engine operates within the medium speed range, with moderate rotor speeds and system temperatures. This indicates normal engine operation, suitable for general operation and load conditions. At medium speeds, the cycloid engine's sealing system maintains a moderate temperature. Lubricant and gas pressures are within normal ranges, and thermal loads are moderate, ensuring stable system operation under standard operating conditions.

[0265] In a specific embodiment, as the rotor rotates at a medium speed, the deflection amplitude of the bristles 104 increases and the degree of bending further increases. The bending and deflection of the bristles ensure that they are in close contact with the rotor surface, forming a stronger sealing effect.

[0266] The deflection of the brush filaments 104 increases due to the medium-speed rotation of the rotor. As the speed increases, the degree of curvature of the brush filaments 104 in the direction of the rotor's motion increases. This deflection and contact further increase the contact area between the brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface. Due to the flexibility of the brush filaments 104 material, they can adapt to the direction of rotor rotation, ensuring close contact.

[0267] The curvature of brush filaments 104 increases contact area and pressure with the rotor surface, further enhancing the sealing effect. This increased contact area and pressure effectively prevents gas or lubricant leakage during medium-speed operation. Brush filaments 104 tightly seal the gas and lubricant within the sealed cavity under moderate pressure, reducing the risk of leakage. Furthermore, brush filaments 104 maintain close contact with the rotor surface, ensuring a consistent and reliable seal.

[0268] In terms of preventing impurities from entering, when running at medium speed, the continuous contact between the brush 104 and the rotor surface and the adaptive seal can effectively prevent external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity. The sealed cavity is formed by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, which provides a physical barrier to prevent the intrusion of external impurities. The close contact of the brush 104 further enhances this protection. When running at medium speed, the airflow inside the system is strong, and the dust and debris in the external environment may increase. The brush 104 and the sealed cavity work together to ensure that these impurities are blocked out and the inside of the system is kept clean. When running at medium speed, the airflow inside the system is strong, and the dust and debris in the external environment may increase. The brush 104 and the sealed cavity work together to ensure that these impurities are blocked out and the inside of the system is kept clean.

[0269] (3) Cycloid rotor engine high-speed operation

[0270] At high speeds, a cycloidal rotor engine exhibits rapid rotor speeds at high speeds and high system temperatures. At this point, the cycloidal rotor engine operates at high load or maximum power, making it suitable for high-speed or heavy-load conditions. High speeds generate high system temperatures. At high speeds, heat generated by friction and airflow increases, correspondingly increasing the pressure of the internal gas and lubricating oil.

[0271] In one specific embodiment, as the rotor rotates at high speeds, the deflection amplitude of the brush filaments 104 reaches its maximum, and the degree of curvature increases significantly. This significant curvature and deflection of the brush filaments ensures that they can flexibly adapt to the high-speed movement of the rotor and maintain close contact with the rotor surface. The curvature of the brush filaments 104 increases the contact area and contact pressure with the rotor surface, creating a maximum sealing effect. During high-speed operation, the high contact pressure of the brush filaments effectively prevents gas and lubricant leakage, ensuring the stability of the sealed cavity.

[0272] Regarding the maximum deflection of the brush filaments 104, during high-speed rotation, the brush filaments 104 experience their greatest deflection, driven by the rotor. The high-speed motion of the rotor significantly increases the degree of bending of the brush filaments 104. Regarding deflection and contact, the brush filaments 104 bend significantly in the direction of rotor rotation, maintaining close contact with the rotor surface. This large deflection ensures that the brush filaments 104 can flexibly adapt to the high-speed motion of the rotor.

[0273] In terms of contact pressure and contact area, at high speeds, the brush filaments 104 create higher contact pressure and a larger contact area with the rotor surface. The bending and increased pressure of the brush filaments 104 enhance the sealing effect. The flexible design of the brush filaments 104 ensures that they can flexibly adapt to the high-speed movement of the rotor, providing a reliable seal.

[0274] In terms of preventing leakage, during high-speed operation, the high contact pressure of the brush wire 104 can effectively prevent the leakage of gas or lubricating oil. The high-pressure gas and lubricating oil in the sealed cavity are tightly sealed by the brush wire to prevent escape.

[0275] In terms of efficient dust and impurity prevention, high-speed operation increases the amount of airflow and debris inside and outside the sealing system. High-speed airflow and rotor motion can introduce more external dust and debris. The sealed cavity is formed by the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102, providing a physical barrier to prevent the intrusion of external impurities. The brush filaments 104 can maintain a seal with the rotor surface even during high-speed rotation. The close contact and adaptive seal of the brush filaments 104 effectively prevent external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity, maintaining efficient operation and cleanliness of the system. Even under high-speed operation, the system can maintain good working condition.

[0276]

[0277] Test results show that under various operating conditions, the radial brush-labyrinth seal, through the interaction of brushes 104, the rotor, front baffle 103, rear baffle 102, and the sealing chamber, forms a dynamic sealing system. Through the coordinated operation of these components, the radial brush-labyrinth seal provides a stable and reliable seal under various operating conditions of the cycloid rotor engine, ensuring efficient operation and a long service life.

[0278] Example 6: Rotor Rotation and Brush 104 Follow-up Deflection

[0279] In a specific embodiment, in a high-performance cycloid rotor engine, in order to improve the sealing effect, a combined structure of brush wires 104 and labyrinth grooves 105 is used. The rotation of the rotor generates friction, which causes the brush wires 104 to deflect.

[0280] Before conducting the seal test, materials are prepared: the rotor is made of a high-strength alloy material with wear and high-temperature resistance; the rotor surface is precision-machined to ensure smoothness and wear resistance. Brush filaments 104 are made of a flexible, highly elastic material, such as high-strength synthetic fiber or metal wire; the brush filaments 104 have a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 10 mm, and are densely arranged, with hundreds of brush filaments 104 per square centimeter. The labyrinth grooves 105 are made of a high-temperature and wear-resistant alloy material and are designed with multiple curved and narrow channels. The wave spring leaf 101 is made of a highly elastic alloy material and has a wavy structure. Each wave has a peak height of 2 mm, a valley depth of 2 mm, and a wave spacing of 4 mm.

[0281] Before conducting a sealing test, specific installation is performed: first, the brush 104 is installed and fixed in the groove of the labyrinth groove 105 to ensure that the brush 104 contacts the rotor surface; the brush 104 forms a preliminary seal with the rotor surface through the pre-tightening force provided by the wave spring sheet 101; then the rotor is installed in the engine so that it can rotate freely to ensure that there is appropriate contact pressure between the rotor surface and the brush 104; then the labyrinth groove 105 is installed and installed between the front and rear baffles to form a sealed cavity; and then the labyrinth groove 105 and the brush 104 are arranged neatly and fit closely with the rotor surface.

[0282] In one specific embodiment, a cycloid rotor engine is started, and the rotor begins to rotate, generating friction between the rotor surface and the brush filaments. The direction of this frictional force aligns with the direction of the rotor's rotation, acting on the brush filaments 104 and pushing them in the direction of the rotor's rotation. Due to their flexible material properties, the brush filaments 104 bend and deform under the action of the frictional force. As the rotor continues to rotate, the brush filaments 104 gradually deflect in the direction of the rotor's rotation, forming a dynamic seal. The contact area and contact angle between the deflected brush filaments 104 and the rotor surface change, allowing the brush filaments 104 to fit more closely to the rotor surface. This closer contact increases the resistance to gas passing through the gaps between the brush filaments 104, thereby reducing gas leakage.

[0283] Furthermore, in terms of dynamic adaptability, the deflection of the brush filaments 104 enables it to dynamically adapt to minor deformations and irregularities in the rotor, maintaining a continuous sealing effect. The elastic deformation of the wave spring 101 provides a continuous preload, allowing the brush filaments 104 to effectively respond to changes in the rotor under different operating conditions. Ultimately, in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, the combined structure of the brush filaments 104 and the labyrinth grooves 105 effectively reduces gas leakage and achieves efficient sealing by complicating the path, increasing flow resistance, and forming eddies and turbulence.

[0284]

[0285]

[0286] Verification test conclusion: The relationship between rotor rotation and brush filament 104 deflection is achieved through frictional force transmission and the flexible response of brush filament 104. The friction generated by rotor rotation drives the brush filament 104 to deflect. The deflected brush filament 104 strengthens contact with the rotor surface, improving the sealing effect, effectively reducing gas leakage, and ensuring the efficient performance of the sealing device.

[0287] Example 7 Specific embodiment of the wave spring sheet 101 in the radial brush-labyrinth seal device

[0288] In a specific embodiment, the wave spring sheet 101, through its wavy structure and highly elastic, heat-resistant material design, achieves sustained preload and elastic support for the brush filaments under high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions. The wave-like structure of the wave spring sheet 101 complicates the airflow path, increasing flow resistance and generating eddies and turbulence, which gradually dissipate airflow energy, reduce leakage, and ensure the sealing device's efficient sealing and durability.

[0289] Specifically, the wave spring sheet 101 is manufactured and assembled by selecting highly elastic and heat-resistant stainless steel, cutting it into rectangular sheets 40 mm long and 10 mm wide. A precision mold is then used to form the stainless steel sheet into a wave-like structure. The peaks of the waves are 2 mm high, the valleys are 2 mm deep, and the spacing between the waves is 4 mm. After processing, the wave spring sheet 101 has a uniform wave shape, with each wave structure arranged symmetrically.

[0290] Specifically, the wave spring 101 is installed as follows: a fixing clip is installed at one end of the wave spring 101 to secure it to the inside of the front and rear baffles. The fixing clip is secured with high-strength screws and nuts to ensure that the wave spring 101 will not loosen even in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. The other end of the wave spring 101 contacts the brush 104, which, through its elastic deformation, provides a continuous preload force to the brush, keeping it in close contact with the rotor surface. This ensures uniform contact between the wave spring 101 and the brush 104, preventing excessive local pressure from causing wear on the brush 104.

[0291] In a specific embodiment, when the cycloid rotor engine is not running, the spring sheet maintains a natural wavy structure, and the brush filaments initially contact the rotor surface due to the preload force of the wavy spring sheet 101. When the cycloid rotor engine is started, the rotor begins to rotate, and the brush filaments 104 cling to the rotor surface due to the elastic support of the wavy spring sheet 101. The wavy structure of the wavy spring sheet 101 allows the brush filaments to adapt to the initial movement of the rotor, forming a preliminary seal.

[0292] In one specific embodiment, when a cycloidal rotor engine rotates at high speed, the wave spring sheet 101 elastically deforms, continuously providing preload to the brush filaments 104. This allows the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the high-speed rotation and slight deformation of the rotor, maintaining a good seal. The wavy structure of the wave spring sheet 101 causes the airflow to change direction multiple times as it passes through, creating a complex flow path, increasing flow resistance, generating eddies and turbulence, and gradually dissipating airflow energy, reducing airflow velocity and pressure, and minimizing leakage.

[0293] In a specific embodiment, under high temperature and high pressure environment, the high heat resistance and high elasticity of the wave spring sheet 101 material ensure that it can withstand environmental changes and maintain elastic deformation ability; the wave spring sheet 101 continuously provides pre-tightening force for the brush filament 104 to ensure the stability and reliability of the sealing effect.

[0294] In a specific embodiment, when the cycloid rotor engine stops running, the wave spring sheet 101 returns to its natural wave-like structure, and the contact force between the brush 104 and the rotor is reduced, thereby avoiding excessive wear; the wave spring sheet 101 ensures that the contact between the brush 104 and the rotor can quickly form an effective seal when it is started next time through its elastic recovery force.

[0295] Example 8 The anti-deformation capability provided by the wave spring sheet 101 enables the brush filament 104 to adapt to different working conditions

[0296] The brush-labyrinth seal is precisely fixed to the top of the cycloid rotor engine. This fixing method ensures the accurate position of the seal when the cycloid rotor engine is not running, laying the foundation for efficient sealing after startup. The structural design and fixing method of the seal ensure stability and will not be displaced or deformed due to external environment or vibration. (1) Under static working conditions (when the cycloid rotor engine is not running)

[0297] Under static conditions (when the cycloid rotor engine is not running), the main purpose of the brush-labyrinth seal device is to ensure structural stability and initial sealing effect, laying the foundation for engine startup and normal operation.

[0298] Before starting the cycloid rotor engine, the brush-labyrinth seal is fixed at the top of the engine, which is usually one of the most critical areas for sealing effect. Through precise installation, the accurate position of the seal in static conditions is ensured to ensure the sealing effect. Specifically, the wave spring sheet 101 is installed above the seal to provide basic preload and deformation resistance. In static conditions, the brush 104 is kept in initial contact with the rotor to ensure that a sealing effect can be quickly formed when the cycloid rotor engine is started. Specifically, the brush 104 is installed between the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 and contacts the rotor surface. Under static conditions, the brush 104 needs to maintain initial contact with the rotor surface to form a preliminary seal.

[0299] The wave spring sheet 101 provides a basic preload in static conditions. This preload ensures that the brush filaments 104 maintain initial contact with the rotor surface. Under static conditions, the main task of the wave spring sheet 101 is to provide sufficient force to enable the brush filaments 104 to adapt to and adhere to the rotor surface, maintaining a certain sealing effect even when the rotor is not rotating. Under static conditions, the brush filaments 104 rely on the preload of the wave spring sheet 101 to closely contact the rotor surface, forming a preliminary physical barrier. Although this contact does not require complete sealing when static, the flexible design of the brush filaments 104 enables it to adhere to the rotor surface in static conditions, and quickly adapt to its movement when the rotor starts to rotate, forming a more effective seal.

[0300] (2) Starting conditions (when the cycloid rotor engine is started)

[0301] During startup, the engine starts running from a stationary state and the rotor gradually accelerates. At this time, the brush-labyrinth seal needs to quickly form a seal to prevent gas leakage.

[0302] When the cycloid rotor engine is started, the rotor gradually begins to rotate from a stationary state. As the rotor speed increases, the brush 104 must quickly adapt to this change to maintain close contact with the rotor. In the initial stage of the rotor's rotation, the brush 104 is already in close contact with the rotor surface due to the preload of the wave spring 101. This initial seal helps prevent gas from leaking from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area during the startup process. Furthermore, when the brush 104 contacts the rotor, the brush 104 can effectively separate the air chambers of different pressures and prevent high-pressure gas from leaking into the low-pressure area; the brush 104 has high flexibility and can adapt to the initial rotational motion of the rotor, maintaining stable contact with the rotor surface to ensure a good sealing effect.

[0303] Furthermore, when the cycloid rotor engine starts, the wave spring 101 begins to demonstrate its ability to resist deformation. Due to the preload of the wave spring 101, the brush 104 remains in close contact with the rotor surface as the rotor begins to rotate, preventing gas leakage. The elastic design of the wave spring 101 allows it to adapt to the initial acceleration of the rotor, maintaining the stability and sealing performance of the brush 104.

[0304] (3) Normal operating conditions (when the cycloid rotor engine rotates at high speed)

[0305] Under normal operating conditions, the engine enters a high-speed rotation state, and the sealing device needs to continuously maintain an efficient sealing effect to ensure that the gas in the high-pressure and low-pressure areas does not leak.

[0306] When the cycloid rotor engine spins at high speed, the brush filaments 104, under the preload and deformation resistance provided by the wave spring 101, always adhere closely to the rotor surface, ensuring effective separation of the high-pressure and low-pressure areas and preventing gas leakage. The brush filaments 104 form a continuous sealing barrier on the high-speed rotating rotor surface, effectively separating the high-pressure and low-pressure areas and preventing gas leakage. The brush filaments 104 are highly flexible and can adapt to the high-speed rotation and slight deformation of the rotor, maintaining a stable sealing effect.

[0307] Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104 forms a complex gas flow path, which forces the gas to change direction multiple times when passing through the sealing device, forming vortices and gradually dissipating kinetic energy; when the gas passes through the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush wires 104, due to the multiple changes in the path and the physical resistance of the brush wires 104, the kinetic energy is gradually dissipated, forming vortices and isobaric expansion, causing the air flow velocity to gradually decrease, and ultimately achieving a sealing effect.

[0308] Furthermore, under high-speed rotation conditions, the wave spring sheet 101 continues to provide pre-tightening force, so that the brush filaments 104 are close to the rotor surface and maintain the seal; the wave spring sheet 101 has good anti-deformation ability and can maintain its shape and elasticity under high-frequency vibration and centrifugal force, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 can adapt to the high-speed movement of the rotor and prevent seal failure; the wave spring sheet 101 exhibits good anti-deformation ability under high-speed rotation and high-frequency vibration conditions, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 can adapt to the high-speed movement and slight deformation of the rotor and prevent seal failure.

[0309] (4) High temperature and high pressure conditions

[0310] Under high temperature and high pressure, the materials of the brush filaments 104 and the corrugated spring sheet 101 must be able to maintain their elasticity and mechanical properties to ensure a good seal. The highly flexible brush filaments 104 can adapt to the deformation of the rotor under high temperature and high pressure, maintaining close contact with the rotor surface to prevent gas leakage.

[0311] Furthermore, the rotor is prone to thermal expansion and contraction. Due to its high flexibility, the brush wire 104 can adapt to the changes of the rotor and always maintain the sealing effect; the brush wire 104 can effectively separate the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area, prevent gas leakage between the air chambers, and ensure the normal operation of the cycloid rotor engine. Specifically, the wave spring sheet 101 can continuously provide preload force in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to ensure that the brush wire 104 is tightly attached to the rotor surface and maintain the sealing effect; the wave spring sheet 101 has good deformation resistance and can maintain its elasticity and mechanical properties in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, ensuring the durability and reliability of the sealing device. Specifically, in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the labyrinth groove 105 further increases the complexity of the gas flow path, causing the gas to change direction multiple times when passing through the labyrinth groove 105 and the brush wire 104, gradually dissipating kinetic energy, forming vortices and isobaric expansion, and ultimately achieving a sealing effect.

[0312] Test Verification 1: Under static operating conditions, the brush-labyrinth seal is precisely fixed at the apex of the cycloid rotor engine, ensuring accurate positioning and structural stability. The wave spring 101 provides basic preload and deformation resistance, allowing the brush filaments 104 to maintain initial contact with the rotor surface, forming a preliminary sealing effect.

[0313] Test Verification 2: When the cycloid rotor engine starts, the rotor begins to rotate from a stationary state. The preload provided by the wave spring sheet 101 allows the brush filaments 104 to adhere tightly to the rotor surface, quickly forming an initial seal. The wave spring sheet 101 demonstrates its ability to resist deformation, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 can adapt to the rotor's initial movement and prevent gas leakage. The highly flexible design of the brush filaments 104 enables them to dynamically adapt to the rotor's rotational motion, separating the air chambers and achieving an effective flexible seal.

[0314] Test Verification 3: During high-speed rotation of a cycloidal rotor engine, the brush filaments 104, under the continuous preload and deformation resistance provided by the wave spring sheet 101, adhere tightly to the rotor surface, separating the high-pressure and low-pressure areas and maintaining a seal. As the gas passes through the complex path of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush filaments 104, its kinetic energy is gradually dissipated, forming eddy currents and isobaric expansion, ultimately achieving a sealing effect. The wave spring sheet 101 exhibits excellent deformation resistance under high-speed rotation, allowing the brush filaments 104 to adapt to the high-speed movement and slight deformation of the rotor, ensuring a continuous and reliable sealing effect.

[0315] Test Verification 4: Under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the brush-labyrinth seal maintains a highly effective seal thanks to the elastic and mechanical properties of the brush filaments 104 and the corrugated spring sheet 101. The highly flexible brush filaments 104 adapt to the rotor's thermal expansion and contraction, maintaining close contact with the rotor surface and preventing gas leakage. The corrugated spring sheet 101 provides sustained preload and deformation resistance under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, ensuring the durability and reliability of the seal. The complex path design of the labyrinth grooves 105 and the brush filaments 104 gradually dissipates the kinetic energy of the gas, ultimately achieving a highly effective seal.

[0316] Example 9 Specific embodiment of the cross-arrangement of brush filaments 104

[0317] In one embodiment, the staggered arrangement of brush filaments 104 is used in a staggered seal assembly for a cycloidal rotor engine. The brush filaments 104 are staggered, with each row of brush filaments 104 offset from adjacent rows. The spacing between each brush filament 104 is no greater than 0.007 mm, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 are tightly packed and interconnected, preventing gas leakage.

[0318] The implementation steps of the cross-row of the brush filaments 104 are as follows: First, the brush filaments 104 are fixed by fixing one end of each brush filament 104 to the front baffle 103 and the other end to the rear baffle 102. The fixing method can be high-performance welding, glue bonding or mechanical snap fastening; ensure that the spacing between each brush filament 104 meets the design requirements, and ensure the tightness and staggered arrangement. Next, assemble the sealed cavity and tightly combine the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a sealed cavity. Use high-strength screws or rivets to fix the baffle to ensure the stability and sealing of the sealed cavity; add a sealing strip or sealing ring at the joint of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to further improve the sealing performance and prevent dust and impurities from entering the cavity. Finally, install it to the rotor system and install the assembled brush wire 104 cross-row sealing device on the rotor system to ensure that the brush wire 104 is in effective contact with the rotor surface; by adjusting the installation position of the front and rear baffles, ensure that the brush wire 104 can generate appropriate pressure and coverage area when the rotor rotates.

[0319] (1) Low-speed operation

[0320] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor is running at low speed, the brush filaments 104 have a smaller deflection amplitude due to the lower rotational speed, but still maintain effective contact with the rotor surface, achieving a basic sealing effect. At low speeds, the gas and lubricant in the sealed cavity are not easily leaked, and external dust and debris are difficult to enter.

[0321] (2) Medium speed operation

[0322] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor is running at medium speed, the deflection amplitude of the brush filaments 104 increases, significantly enhancing their curvature and increasing the contact area and pressure with the rotor surface. At medium speeds, the sealing effect of the brush filaments 104 is further enhanced, effectively preventing gas and lubricant leakage while also preventing external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity.

[0323] (3) High-speed operation

[0324] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor is operating at high speeds, the deflection of the brush filaments 104 reaches its maximum, creating higher contact pressure and a larger contact area, ensuring a seal even at high speeds. At high speeds, the flexible design of the brush filaments 104 ensures they can flexibly adapt to the high-speed motion of the rotor, providing a reliable seal. Furthermore, even with increased airflow and debris inside and outside the system, the brush filaments 104 can maintain a seal with the rotor surface, preventing external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity.

[0325] Example 10 Specific example of brush filaments 104 arranged in sequence

[0326] In one embodiment, the brush filaments 104 are arranged in a straight line, with each row and column of brush filaments 104 aligned to form a regular grid structure. The spacing between each brush filament 104 does not exceed 0.007 mm, ensuring that the brush filaments 104 are closely arranged and interconnected to prevent gas leakage.

[0327] The implementation steps of the brush filaments 104 in sequence are as follows: First, fix the brush filaments 104, fix one end of each brush filament 104 on the front baffle 103, and fix the other end on the rear baffle 102. The fixing method can be high-performance welding or mechanical clips. Ensure that the spacing between each brush filament 104 meets the design requirements to ensure the tightness and neatness of the arrangement. Next, assemble the sealed cavity and tightly combine the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to form a sealed cavity. Use high-strength screws or rivets to fix the baffle to ensure the stability and sealing of the sealed cavity. Add a sealing strip or sealing ring at the joint of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 to further improve the sealing performance and prevent dust and impurities from entering the cavity. Finally, install it to the rotor system. Install the assembled brush filament 104 in sequence sealing device on the rotor system to ensure that the brush filaments 104 are in effective contact with the rotor surface. By adjusting the installation positions of the front baffle 103 and the rear baffle 102 , it is ensured that the brush filaments 104 can generate appropriate pressure and coverage area when the rotor rotates.

[0328] (1) Low-speed operation

[0329] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor is running at low speed, the brush filaments 104 have a smaller deflection amplitude due to the lower rotational speed, but still maintain effective contact with the rotor surface, achieving a basic sealing effect. At low speeds, the gas and lubricant in the sealed cavity are not easily leaked, and external dust and debris are difficult to enter.

[0330] (2) Medium speed operation

[0331] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor is running at medium speed, the deflection amplitude of the brush filaments 104 increases, significantly enhancing their curvature and increasing the contact area and pressure with the rotor surface. At medium speeds, the sealing effect of the brush filaments 104 is further enhanced, effectively preventing gas and lubricant leakage while also preventing external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity.

[0332] (3) High-speed operation

[0333] In one specific embodiment, when the rotor is running at high speed, the deflection of the brush filaments 104 reaches its maximum, creating higher contact pressure and a larger contact area, ensuring a seal at high speeds. At high speeds, the flexible design of the brush filaments 104 ensures that they can flexibly adapt to the high-speed motion of the rotor, providing a reliable seal. Furthermore, even with increased airflow and debris inside and outside the system, the brush filaments 104 104 can maintain a seal with the rotor surface, preventing external dust and debris from entering the sealed cavity.

Claims

1. A radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine, the rotor engine comprising a rotor and a stator. The stator comprises three arc-shaped side walls, characterized in that: The sealing device is composed of a front baffle (103), a rear baffle (102), a brush wire (104) and a wave spring sheet (101); The rear baffle (102) and the front baffle (103) are both in an inverted L-shape and are spliced ​​together to form a gantry-shaped structure. A portion of the brush wire (104) Located in the opening of the gantry-shaped structure, the wave spring sheet (101) is located at the top of the gantry-shaped structure; The sealing device is radially fixed on the side wall of the stator through a wave spring sheet (101); The wave spring sheet (101) is used to provide a pushing force toward the rotor; the brush wire (104), the rotor, the front baffle (103), the rear baffle (102), and the wave spring sheet (101) cooperate with each other to form a dynamic sealing cavity; the brush wire (104) Under the fixed support of the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102), the system works in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor to prevent external No dust or internal impurities enter the sealed cavity; The front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102) are respectively located inside and outside the sealing device, and the gantry-shaped structure The height of one side of the front baffle (103) of the opening is lower than the height of one side of the rear baffle (102); the length of the brush wire (104) is greater than the height of one side of the rear baffle (102); the rear baffle (102) provides support and protection for the brush wire (104) to prevent the brush wire from The brush wire (104) is deformed under high pressure difference, and the brush wire (104) on one side of the front baffle (103) can be tilted along the rotation direction of the rotor. The labyrinth groove (105) on the front baffle (103) forms a labyrinth effect to slow down the gas flow. The front baffle (103) is at the front, and the brush wire (104) is guided by the labyrinth groove (105) of the front baffle (103) to tilt along the direction of movement. incline; Several radially arranged portions are provided in the depth direction of the inner side of the opening formed by the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (102). There are labyrinth grooves (105) in a labyrinth-shaped structure. Several labyrinth grooves (105) force the gas flow path to become tortuous, forming a The labyrinth grooves (105) are symmetrically distributed so that the gas flows through the front baffle (103) and the rear baffle (104). The baffle (102) is subjected to uniform resistance.

2. A radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave spring sheet (101) is formed by combining a plurality of wave spring sheets (101) into a wave shape, forming a plurality of raised portions, which are elastically deformed under the action of the force generated by the movement of the rotor, and are capable of absorbing and buffering external forces and generating continuous pushing force, thereby maintaining close contact between the brush filaments (104) and the inner wall of the cylinder body.

3. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush filaments (104) are uniformly distributed during the arrangement process, and the brush filaments (104) are arranged in bundles with equal spacing; The bundles are arranged in a staggered pattern, a straight pattern, or a middle straight pattern and a staggered pattern all around; The cross rows are arranged in a cross pattern, the density of the brush filaments (104) is high, and the gaps are reduced; The brush filaments (104) are arranged in a straight line to ensure that the intervals between each brush filament (104) are uniform and minimal.

4. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The labyrinth groove (105) has a labyrinth groove shape of square, circular, or trapezoidal; a square sealing groove is a groove in which each groove is rectangular or square, and the edge is a straight line; a circular sealing groove is a groove in which each groove is circular or elliptical, and the edge is an arc; a trapezoidal sealing groove is a groove in which each groove is trapezoidal, and is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, or narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

5. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The labyrinth grooves (105) are arranged in a ring or spiral shape on the rotor surface, so that the gas changes direction multiple times when passing through.

6. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the wave spring sheets (101) is 3-6, so as to maintain close contact between the brush filaments (104) and the rotor.

7. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brush filaments (104) are solid cylindrical, and the diameter of each brush filament (104) is between 0.01 mm and 0.1 mm.

8. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spacing between the labyrinth grooves (105) on the same side is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the number of the labyrinth grooves (105) is 2-5.

9. The radial brush-labyrinth seal device inside a cycloid rotor engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush filament (104) bundle is made of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy or carbon fiber.

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