Radial flow gas compressor with blade top reverse flow recognition and rotation adjustment functions

Abstract

The invention relates to a radial flow gas compressor with blade top reverse flow recognition and rotation adjustment functions. The radial flow gas compressor comprises a gas compression volute rotation part body, an opening and closing mechanism and a reverse flow recognition mechanism based on the total static pressure difference. The outer side of the part, close to a compressor shell, of a supercharger compressor impeller is wrapped by a compressor volute rotation part body, and a surge suppression vent hole and a countercurrent recognition mechanism pressure measuring hole are formed in the proper position of the compressor volute rotation part body. On the basis that the top surge suppression vent holes are formed in the upper end wall, whether the air compressor is about to enter or break away from the top countercurrent state or not is judged through the countercurrent recognition mechanism based on the top static pressure difference of the blade of the air compressor and the change trend of the total pressure difference in different directions, a gap can be closed when countercurrent flow does not occur at the top of the blade, and the aerodynamic efficiency is improved; gaps can be opened when countercurrent flow occurs at the tops of the blades, and internal flow of the gas compressor is improved; and automatic identification of blade top reverse flow and rotary pore adjustment are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power machinery, and in particular relates to a radial flow compressor with blade tip reverse flow identification and rotation regulation functions. Background Art

[0002] In the field of power machinery research, radial compressors have been widely used in boosting research such as internal combustion engines and fuel cells due to their advantages such as high pressure ratio and small size. Surge is a flow phenomenon involving the entire compression system. When it occurs, the airflow will oscillate along the flow direction in the entire compression system. In severe cases, the airflow will even flow back to the compressor from the cavity and the pipeline, causing severe mechanical vibration and even component damage. Providing leakage holes on the blade top of the upper end wall of the radial compressor is a technical means that can effectively reduce the impact of surge on the radial compressor. However, if the blade top leakage hole is always kept open, a large amount of high-pressure working fluid will leak out, causing additional power loss. It is not desirable to keep the blade top leakage hole open all the time when away from surge conditions. The realization of the automatic opening and closing function of the blade top leakage hole requires an identification and adjustment mechanism for the structure and functional characteristics of the radial compressor. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation functions, which identifies the flow state of the compressor blade tip through a backflow identification mechanism based on the total static pressure difference and controls the operation of the regulating motor, thereby automatically adjusting the opening and closing state of the blade tip leakage pores through a rotary sealing mechanism, thereby realizing automatic opening and closing of the blade tip leakage pores.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation functions, which is characterized by: comprising a compressor volute rotating part body 1, an opening and closing mechanism, and a backflow identification mechanism 4 based on total static pressure difference; a surge suppression vent 8 is opened at an appropriate position of the compressor volute rotating part body 1; an opening and closing mechanism controlled by a locking motor 7 and an opening motor 6 is provided at the surge suppression vent 8; the backflow identification mechanism 4 based on the total static pressure difference counts the total static pressure difference through a static pressure measuring unit 11 and a total pressure measuring unit 12, and determines whether backflow occurs at the compressor blade tip, thereby controlling the locking motor 7 and the opening motor 6.

[0005] Furthermore, the compressor volute rotating part body 1 is coated on the outer side of the compressor impeller of the supercharger adjacent to the compressor casing.

[0006] Furthermore, the opening and closing mechanism comprises a rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2, which is located in a groove of the upper end wall of the compressor volute rotating part body 1 and can rotate relative to the compressor volute rotating part body 1.

[0007] Further, the end of the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2 is axially limited by the end locking ring 3, and the upper end surface of the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body is flush with the upper end wall of the rotary part body 1 of the compressor volute.

[0008] Further, a rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section and a main body vent hole 9 are provided on the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2, and the position of the main body vent hole 9 corresponds to the surge suppression vent hole 8.

[0009] Further, a carbon ring seal 13 is provided between the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2, the end locking ring 3 and the rotary part body 1 of the compressor volute to achieve sealing and lubrication between adjacent surfaces.

[0010] Further, the static pressure measurement unit 11, the total pressure measurement unit 12 correspond to the pressure measurement hole positions of the reverse flow identification mechanism on the upper end wall of the rotary part body 1 of the compressor volute.

[0011] Further, based on the pre-calibration results, the static pressure measurement unit 11 and the total pressure measurement unit 12 are specified, and the total static pressure differences A, B, C, D are statistically calculated, where A < B < C < D; when the pressure difference is less than A, the reverse flow identification mechanism 4 sends an on signal for the opening motor 6 and an off signal for the locking motor 7. At this time, the opening motor 6 actively operates, and drives the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2 to rotate through the rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section, increasing the overlapping area between the main body vent hole 9 and the surge suppression vent hole 8, enhancing the top leakage of the compressor to suppress surge until an off signal for the opening motor 6 is received or it runs to the toothless section at the end of the rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section; when the pressure difference is between B and C, an off signal for the opening motor 6 and an off signal for the locking motor 7 are sent. At this time, the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate 2 stops rotating, and the relative position between the main body vent hole 9 and the surge suppression vent hole 8 remains unchanged; when the pressure difference is greater than D, an off signal for the opening motor 6 and an on signal for the locking motor 7 are sent, reducing the overlapping area between the main body vent hole 9 and the surge suppression vent hole 8, weakening the top leakage of the compressor, the opening and closing mechanism main body starts to rotate, and the surge suppression vent hole at the top of the compressor closes until an off signal for the closing motor 7 is received or the locking motor 7 runs to the toothless section at the end of the rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section; in addition, after the opening motor 6 or the locking motor 7 runs to the toothless section at the end of the track, it automatically shuts down and stops operating.

[0012] Further, the rotary opening and closing mechanism main body is annular, and is alternately associated with the surge suppression vent hole on the upper end wall of the compressor through its own rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, the opening positions of the measuring holes on the wall of the total pressure measuring unit and the static pressure measuring unit are adjacent and at the same axial position, but the shapes of the measuring hole pipes are different, and the total static pressure difference is calculated in a specified direction; the first sections of the wall of the pressure measuring holes of the total pressure measuring unit and the static pressure measuring unit are both in the through-axis plane, the first section of the measuring holes on the wall of the static pressure measuring unit is perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the upper end wall, and the absolute value of the angle between the first section of the wall surface of at least one measuring hole of the total pressure measuring unit and the normal of the inner wall surface is greater than 5°.

[0014] Beneficial effect: Compared with conventional radial flow compressors, the radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and regulation function described in the present invention is based on the opening of a top surge suppression vent hole on the upper end wall. The backflow identification mechanism determines whether it is about to enter or leave the top backflow state based on the static pressure difference at the top of the compressor blade and the change trend of the total pressure difference in different directions, and then controls the operation of the regulating motor and drives the rotary closing mechanism to open or close the surge suppression vent hole.

[0015] Compared with a conventional radial flow compressor with surge suppression vents on the upper end wall, the radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and adjustment function can close the gap and improve aerodynamic efficiency when backflow does not occur at the blade top; compared with a conventional radial flow compressor with no surge suppression vents on the upper end wall, the radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and adjustment function can open the gap and improve the internal flow of the compressor when backflow occurs at the blade top; compared with the conventional upper end wall pore adjustment scheme, the radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and adjustment function adopts a backflow identification mechanism based on the total static pressure difference and a rotary opening and closing mechanism to realize automatic identification of blade tip backflow and rotary pore adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the present invention

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0018] Among them: 1 compressor volute rotating part body; 2 rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body; 3 end locking ring; 4 backflow identification mechanism; 5 motor control line; 6 opening motor; 7 locking motor; 8 surge suppression vent; 9 main body vent; 10 rotating track with end limit toothless section; 11 static pressure measuring unit; 12 total pressure measuring unit; 13 carbon ring sealing ring; 14 is the part of the supercharger compressor impeller adjacent to the compressor casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below.

[0020] The present invention provides a radial flow compressor with blade tip reverse flow identification and rotation regulation functions, comprising a compressor volute rotation part body 1, an opening and closing mechanism, and a reverse flow identification mechanism 4 based on total static pressure difference;

[0021] The outer side of the part 14 of the compressor impeller of the supercharger near the compressor casing is covered by the compressor volute rotating part body 1, and a surge suppression vent hole 8 and a backflow identification mechanism pressure measuring hole are opened at an appropriate position of the compressor volute rotating part body 1; an opening and closing mechanism controlled by a locking motor 7 and an opening motor 6 is provided at the surge suppression vent hole 8;

[0022] The opening and closing mechanism includes a rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2, which is located in a groove on the upper end wall of the compressor volute rotating part body 1, and its end is axially limited by an end locking ring 3, and the upper end surface of the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body is flush with the upper end wall of the compressor volute rotating part body 1.

[0023] The rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2 is provided with a rotary track 10 with an end-limiting toothless section and a main body vent hole 9 , and the position of the main body vent hole 9 corresponds to the surge suppression vent hole 8 .

[0024] A carbon ring seal 13 is arranged between the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate body 2 and the end locking ring 3 and the compressor volute rotary part body 1 to achieve sealing and lubrication between adjacent surfaces.

[0025] The static pressure measuring unit 11 and the total pressure measuring unit 12 correspond to the positions of the pressure measuring holes of the backflow identification mechanism on the upper end wall of the compressor volute rotating part main body 1. The opening and closing of the locking motor 7 and the opening motor 6 are controlled by the backflow identification mechanism 4. The backflow identification mechanism 4 counts the total static pressure difference through the static pressure measuring unit 11 and the total pressure measuring unit 12, and transmits the opening and closing signal to the corresponding motor through the motor control line 5 according to the pressure difference.

[0026] Working process:

[0027] Based on the pre-calibration results, the static pressure measurement unit 11 and the total pressure measurement unit 12 are specified, and the total static pressure differences A, B, C, and D are statistically analyzed, where A < B < C < D. When the pressure difference is less than A, the reverse flow identification mechanism 4 sends an on signal for the opening motor 6 and an off signal for the locking motor 7 via the motor control line 5. At this time, the opening motor 6 actively operates, driving the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2 to rotate through the rotary track 10 with a toothless section at the end, increasing the overlapping area of the main body vent hole 9 and the surge suppression vent hole 8, enhancing the top bleed of the compressor to suppress surge until an off signal for the opening motor 6 is received or it runs to the toothless section at the end of the rotary track 10 with a toothless section at the end; when the pressure difference is between B and C, an off signal for the opening motor 6 and an off signal for the locking motor 7 are sent. At this time, the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate 2 stops rotating, and the relative positions of the main body vent hole 9 and the surge suppression vent hole 8 remain unchanged; when the pressure difference is greater than D, an off signal for the opening motor 6 and an on signal for the locking motor 7 are sent, reducing the overlapping area of the main body vent hole 9 and the surge suppression vent hole 8, weakening the top bleed of the compressor, the opening and closing mechanism main body starts to rotate, and the surge suppression vent hole at the top of the compressor closes until an off signal for the closing motor 7 is received or the locking motor 7 runs to the toothless section at the end of the rotary track 10 with a toothless section at the end; in addition, after the opening motor 6 or the locking motor 7 runs to the toothless section at the end of the track, it automatically shuts down and stops operating.

[0028] The reverse flow identification mechanism judges the flow state at the tip of the compressor blade, and then controls and adjusts the motor to drive the rotary opening and closing mechanism, so as to realize that the tip bleed pores on the upper end wall of the compressor open when tip reverse flow occurs in the compressor and close when the tip reverse flow of the compressor disappears, thereby ensuring that the compressor maintains a good flow state;

[0029] The reverse flow identification mechanism based on the total static pressure difference is mainly characterized in that each identification mechanism unit is composed of at least two measurement units with the wall orifice opening positions adjacent and at the same axial position, but different in the form of the orifice pipe shape. The total static pressure difference is statistically analyzed in a specified direction to judge whether reverse flow occurs at the tip of the compressor blade;

[0030] The first section of the wall of the pressure measurement hole of the measurement unit is all in the plane passing through the axis. For the first section of the wall of the static pressure / static pressure difference measurement unit, the measurement hole is perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the upper end wall. For the total pressure / total pressure difference measurement unit, at least one measurement hole has an absolute value of the included angle between the first section of the wall and the normal of the inner wall surface greater than 5°;

[0031] Each measurement unit for static pressure / total pressure has one or more measurement holes with the first section of the wall in the plane passing through the axis, and the measurement unit for static pressure difference / total pressure difference has two or more measurement holes with the first section of the wall in the plane passing through the axis;

[0032] The total pressure measuring unit, wherein the deflection directions of the first sections of the wall surfaces of different measuring holes relative to the normal line of the inner wall surface of the upper end wall can be the same or different, and the angles between the first sections of the wall surfaces of different measuring holes and the normal line of the inner wall surface of the end wall can be the same or different;

[0033] The main body of the rotary opening and closing mechanism is annularly mounted on the outer side of the outer wall surface corresponding to the position of the compressor blade tip, and there is a ventilation and closing mechanism on the main body of the structure that can be alternately associated with the surge suppression vent hole on the upper end wall of the compressor through its own rotation; the main body of the rotary opening and closing mechanism can be one layer or multiple layers, the rotation process of the main body of the mechanism can be accompanied by or not accompanied by axial displacement, and the ventilation mechanism pipeline can be a side opening or an upper opening;

[0034] Ventilation holes are opened in some positions, and the opening and closing state and opening degree of the leakage holes at the top of the compressor can be adjusted through the relative rotation of the closing mechanism and the compressor;

[0035] The driving motor can be one or more. When there are multiple driving motors, the motor working tasks can be the same or opposite, and the motor rotation directions can be the same or opposite;

[0036] The rotary opening and closing mechanism shall be provided with sealing mechanisms including but not limited to labyrinths on its outer assembly surface of the outer wall corresponding to the compressor blade tip, so as to prevent the internal airflow of the compressor from leaking out through the leakage holes on the blade tip of the upper end wall when the opening and closing mechanism is in a closed state.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function, characterized in that: It includes a pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1, an opening and closing mechanism, and a reverse flow identification mechanism 4 based on the total static pressure difference; a surge suppression ventilation hole 8 is provided at an appropriate position of the pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1; at the surge suppression ventilation hole 8, an opening and closing mechanism controlled by a locking motor 7 and an opening motor 6 is provided; the reverse flow identification mechanism 4 based on the total static pressure difference calculates the total static pressure difference through a static pressure measurement unit 11 and a total pressure measurement unit 12, and judges whether reverse flow occurs at the top of the compressor blade, so as to control the locking motor 7 and the opening motor 6.

2. A radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1 is covered on the outside of the part of the supercharger compressor impeller adjacent to the compressor housing.

3. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism includes a rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2, and the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2 is located in the groove on the upper end wall of the pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1 and can rotate relative to the pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1.

4. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2 is axially limited by an end locking ring 3, and the upper end surface of the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body is flush with the upper end wall of the pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1.

5. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2 is provided with a rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section and a main body ventilation hole 9, and the position of the main body ventilation hole 9 corresponds to that of the surge suppression ventilation hole 8.

6. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A carbon ring seal 13 is arranged between the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2, the end locking ring 3 and the pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1 to achieve sealing and lubrication between adjacent surfaces.

7. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static pressure measurement unit 11, the total pressure measurement unit 12 correspond to the pressure measurement hole positions of the reverse flow identification mechanism on the upper end wall of the pressurized air volute rotary part main body 1.

8. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the pre-calibrated results, the static pressure measurement unit 11 and the total pressure measurement unit 12 are specified, and the total static pressure differences A, B, C, D are calculated, where A < B < C < D; when the pressure difference is less than A, the reverse flow identification mechanism 4 sends an on signal to the opening motor 6 and an off signal to the locking motor 7. At this time, the opening motor 6 actively works, and drives the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate main body 2 to rotate through the rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section, increasing the overlapping area of the main body ventilation hole 9 and the surge suppression ventilation hole 8, and enhancing the top discharge of the compressor to suppress surge until an off signal of the opening motor 6 is received or it runs to the toothless section at the end of the rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section; when the pressure difference is between B and C, an off signal of the opening motor 6 and an off signal of the locking motor 7 are sent. At this time, the rotary single-layer opening and closing plate 2 stops rotating, and the relative position of the main body ventilation hole 9 and the surge suppression ventilation hole 8 remains unchanged; when the pressure difference is greater than D, an off signal of the opening motor 6 and an on signal of the locking motor 7 are sent, reducing the overlapping area of the main body ventilation hole 9 and the surge suppression ventilation hole 8, weakening the top discharge of the compressor, the main body of the opening and closing mechanism starts to rotate, and the surge suppression ventilation hole at the top of the compressor closes until an off signal of the closing motor 7 is received or the locking motor 7 runs to the toothless section at the end of the rotary track 10 with an end limit toothless section; in addition, after the opening motor 6 or the locking motor 7 runs to the toothless section at the end of the track, it automatically closes and stops running.

9. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the rotary opening and closing mechanism is annular, and is alternately associated with the surge suppression ventilation hole on the upper end wall of the compressor through its own rotation.

10. The radial flow compressor with blade tip backflow identification and rotation regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening positions of the measuring holes on the wall of the total pressure measuring unit and the static pressure measuring unit are adjacent and at the same axial position, but the shapes of the measuring hole pipes are different, and the total static pressure difference is calculated in the specified direction; the first sections of the wall of the pressure measuring holes of the total pressure measuring unit and the static pressure measuring unit are both in the through-axis plane, the first section of the measuring hole on the wall of the static pressure measuring unit is perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the upper end wall, and the absolute value of the angle between the first section of the wall surface of at least one measuring hole of the total pressure measuring unit and the normal of the inner wall surface is greater than 5°.

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