A multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and vibration isolation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and a vibration isolation system. The end cover assembly of the vibration isolator includes a central iron core and a top plate wound with a central coil, the central iron core is arranged on the top plate, the horizontal electromagnetic force assembly includes a plurality of armatures wound with an outer coil and a first height adjustment pad, the armature is arranged on the base through the first height adjustment pad, all the armatures are arranged around the central axis of the end cover assembly, the angle between adjacent armatures is 90 degrees, and the end faces of the armatures are all facing the central axis of the end cover assembly; the vertical electromagnetic force assembly includes a plurality of magnetic guides with permanent magnets embedded inside and a second height adjustment pad, the magnetic guides are arranged on the base through the second height adjustment pad, all the magnetic guides are arranged around the central axis of the end cover assembly, and the angle between adjacent magnetic guides is 90 degrees. The present invention uses the control current in each coil in the electromagnetic assembly to adjust the active vibration isolation force, which can effectively suppress the vibration generated by large power equipment, and is suitable for multi-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation systems with different requirements for vibration isolation effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolators, and in particular to a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and a vibration isolation system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement and development of technology, the demand for vibration control of ship power equipment (such as diesel engines, DC motors, steam turbine generator sets, etc.) is also increasing. At present, although the passive vibration isolation equipment widely used in ship equipment can achieve effective vibration isolation results in the full frequency band, due to the contradiction between the natural frequency and load capacity of the vibration isolation equipment, its effect in controlling low-frequency vibration is not significant enough.

[0003] Active vibration isolation technology introduces a secondary vibration source based on the original vibration isolation equipment, and uses the control law to adjust the vibration generated by the secondary vibration source so that it can offset the vibration generated by the vibration isolation object, thereby achieving the purpose of isolating the vibration transmitted from the power equipment to the foundation structure. It is precisely because active vibration isolation technology is not affected by the natural frequency that it has excellent low-frequency control capabilities, so it has become a key means of vibration isolation for power equipment.

[0004] During the operation of ship power equipment, complex multi-degree-of-freedom vibrations often occur. However, at present, most of the research on active vibration isolation of ship power equipment focuses on vertical vibration isolation, which makes it difficult to ensure good active vibration isolation effects in multiple degrees of freedom. In addition, ships often encounter long-term complex sea conditions when sailing, which is undoubtedly a very severe challenge for the structural durability and performance stability of vibration isolation equipment. In addition, the cabin space of ship power equipment is usually limited and complex, which is extremely unfavorable for the installation of active vibration isolators.

[0005] Based on the above three common actual conditions of ship power equipment, the existing active vibration isolator design cannot effectively deal with them. Based on this, it is very necessary to propose an active vibration isolator that can isolate multi-degree-of-freedom vibration, has a simple and durable structure, stable and reliable performance, and high space utilization. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of the prior art in terms of vibration isolation force adjustment, poor structural reliability under complex and harsh working conditions, low space utilization, and limitations in adapting to different vibration isolation objects, and to provide a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and vibration isolation system.

[0007] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator, comprising:

[0008] Base;

[0009] An end cover assembly, comprising a central coil, a central iron core and a top plate, wherein the central coil is wound on the central iron core, and the central iron core is arranged at a central position of the top plate, and the top plate is arranged parallel to the base;

[0010] A horizontal electromagnetic force assembly, comprising an outer coil, a plurality of armatures and a first height-adjusting pad, wherein each armature is wound with the outer coil, the bottom of the armature is arranged on the base through the first height-adjusting pad, all the armatures are arranged around the central axis of the end cover assembly, the angle between adjacent armatures is 90 degrees, and the end faces of the armatures are all facing the central axis of the end cover assembly;

[0011] A vertical electromagnetic force component includes a permanent magnet, a plurality of magnetic guides and a second height adjustment pad. A permanent magnet is embedded on the inner side of each magnetic guide. The bottom of the magnetic guide is arranged on the base through the second height adjustment pad. All the magnetic guides are arranged around the central axis of the end cover assembly, and the angle between adjacent magnetic guides is 90 degrees.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the first height adjustment pad is provided with a first groove matching the bottom of the armature, and the second height adjustment pad is provided with a second groove matching the bottom of the magnetic guide member.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, it further comprises bolts, and the armature and / or the magnetic guide member are arranged on the base by bolts.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the first height adjustment pad and the second height adjustment pad are both provided with through holes, the base is provided with a through hole matching the bolt, the bottom of the armature and the bottom of the magnetic guide are respectively provided with connecting holes, the bolt passes through the through hole and the through hole in turn and is connected to the connecting hole.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, a plurality of the magnetic guide members and the armature are evenly and alternately distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the end cover assembly.

[0016] In one embodiment, the outer coils on the lateral armatures are independent of each other, and the outer coils on the opposite armatures work synchronously in series, and the winding methods of the two are opposite to each other.

[0017] In one embodiment, the magnetization direction of each permanent magnet points radially toward the central axis of the end cover assembly.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the central core, the magnetic guide member and the armature adopt an eddy current suppression structure.

[0019] In one of the embodiments, the outer edge of the central core is in the shape of a regular polygon, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the sum of the number of the magnetic guides and the armature.

[0020] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolation system, including the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator as described above.

[0021] It can be seen from the above that the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and vibration isolation system provided by the present invention can adjust the active vibration isolation force by means of the control current in each coil in the electromagnetic component. The vibration isolator has many characteristics such as fast response speed, stable output and reliable operation. It can not only effectively suppress the vibration generated by large power equipment, but also is suitable for multi-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation systems with different requirements for vibration isolation effects, and its engineering application is relatively wide.

[0023] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and vibration isolation system provided by the present invention have the characteristics of simple and durable structure and stable performance. During the working process, there is no friction in the structure of the vibration isolator, so the mechanical wear is extremely small and has a long service life.

[0024] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and vibration isolation system provided by the present invention have a very compact overall structure. Without increasing the volume of the equipment, the active vibration isolation and the active and passive parallel vibration isolation functions can be switched according to different working environments, and the space utilization rate is quite high. Moreover, under unit current excitation, the vibration isolator has a large output density, thereby reducing the volume and mass of the active vibration isolator. The above characteristics are compatible with the actual situation that the space in the engine room of ship power equipment is limited and the situation is complex, and the engineering applicability is very strong.

[0025] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator and vibration isolation system provided by the present invention adopt a modular design concept and can perform corresponding replacement operations on the height adjustment pads according to the requirements of different types of vibration isolation objects or vibration isolation platforms. The disassembly and assembly process is simple and convenient, which can effectively meet various vibration isolation requirements, thereby improving the versatility of the invention in practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of AA.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of BB.

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure for generating horizontal electromagnetic force.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the working principle of horizontal electromagnetic force.

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure for generating vertical electromagnetic force.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the working principle of electromagnetic force in the vertical direction.

[0035] The reference numerals are described as follows:

[0036] 1. Top plate; 2. Base; 3. First height-adjusting pad; 4. Central iron core; 5. Central coil; 6. Magnetic guide; 7. Permanent magnet; 8. Armature; 9. Outer coil; 10. Second height-adjusting pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0039] In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, the present invention omits detailed descriptions of some known functions and known components.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 4 A multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator in one embodiment shown in the figure comprises a base 2, an end cover assembly, a horizontal electromagnetic force assembly and a vertical electromagnetic force assembly, the end cover assembly comprises a central coil 5, a central iron core 4 and a top plate 1, the central coil 5 is wound on the central iron core 4, and the central iron core 4 is arranged at the center of the top plate 1, and the top plate 1 is arranged parallel to the base 2; the horizontal electromagnetic force assembly comprises an outer coil 9, a plurality of armatures 8 and a first height adjustment pad 3, each of the armatures 8 is wound with the outer coil 9, and the bottom of the armature 8 is passed through The first height-adjusting pad 3 is arranged on the base 2, and all the armatures 8 are arranged around the central axis of the end cover assembly, the angle between adjacent armatures 8 is 90 degrees, and the end faces of the armatures 8 are all facing the central axis of the end cover assembly; the vertical electromagnetic force assembly includes a permanent magnet 7, a plurality of magnetic guides 6 and a second height-adjusting pad 10, each of the magnetic guides 6 has a permanent magnet 7 embedded on the inner side, the bottom of the magnetic guide 6 is arranged on the base 2 through the second height-adjusting pad 10, and all the magnetic guides 6 are arranged around the central axis of the end cover assembly, and the angle between adjacent magnetic guides 6 is 90 degrees.

[0041] The present invention is composed of a base 2, an end cover assembly, a horizontal electromagnetic force assembly and a vertical electromagnetic force assembly, forming a relatively complete multi-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation system architecture. The base 2 serves as the basic support part of the entire vibration isolator, providing a stable installation platform for other components; the end cover assembly is located above and is arranged parallel to the base 2. This relative position relationship provides a spatial layout basis for the subsequent generation and action of electromagnetic forces. The central iron core 4 and the central coil 5 are the core parts of the end cover assembly. The central iron core 4 is arranged at the center of the top plate 1 and is wound around the central coil 5. This layout enables when current passes through the central coil 5, a magnetic field can be generated around the central iron core 4, laying the foundation for electromagnetic interaction with other components. In the horizontal electromagnetic force assembly, an outer coil 9 is wound around each armature 8. When the outer coil 9 is energized, the armature 8 will generate electromagnetic force under the action of the magnetic field. The bottom of the armature 8 is set on the base 2 through the first height adjustment pad 3. The first height adjustment pad 3 not only connects the armature 8 with the base 2, but also has the function of adjusting the height to adapt to different vibration isolation requirements or installation conditions; all the armatures 8 are arranged at equal angles around the central axis of the end cover assembly, and the end faces of the armature 8 are all facing the central axis of the end cover assembly, so that a relatively regular electromagnetic force action layout can be formed in the horizontal direction, which is convenient for accurately controlling the vibration isolation force in the horizontal direction. In the vertical electromagnetic force assembly, the permanent magnet 7 is embedded in the inner side of the magnetic guide 6. When electromagnetic interaction occurs with other components, the permanent magnet 7 provides a stable magnetic field source. Similarly, the second height adjustment pad 10 is used to adjust the height and connect; the design that all the magnetic guides 6 are arranged at equal angles around the central axis of the end cover assembly helps to form an effective magnetic field guidance and electromagnetic force action path in the vertical direction, thereby realizing the effective generation and control of the vertical vibration isolation force.

[0042] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator provided by the present invention can adjust the active vibration isolation force by means of the control current in each coil in the electromagnetic component. The vibration isolator has many characteristics such as fast response speed, stable output and reliable operation. It can not only effectively suppress the vibration generated by large-scale power equipment, but also is suitable for multi-degree-of-freedom vibration isolation systems with different requirements for vibration isolation effects, and its engineering application is relatively wide. The vibration isolator has the characteristics of simple and durable structure and stable performance. During operation, the structure of the vibration isolator does not have friction, so the mechanical wear is extremely small and has a long service life.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the first height-adjusting pad 3 is provided with a first groove matching the bottom of the armature 8, and the second height-adjusting pad 10 is provided with a second groove matching the bottom of the magnetic guide 6. Through the provision of such grooves, the bottom of the armature 8 can be accurately embedded in the first groove, and the bottom of the magnetic guide 6 can be accurately embedded in the second groove, forming a connection structure similar to a "mortise and tenon" connection. This embedded connection method provides a good limiting effect in the vertical direction, effectively increases the stability of the connection, and thus ensures the structural integrity and reliability of the entire multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator during operation. In addition, this height-adjusting pad design with grooves makes it easier to install and adapt the vibration isolator when facing different types of armatures 8 or magnetic guides 6 (as long as the bottom shape matches the groove). When it is necessary to replace armatures 8 and magnetic guides 6 of different specifications or models to adapt to different vibration isolation objects or working conditions, it is only necessary to ensure that the bottom of the new component matches the groove of the corresponding height-adjusting pad to be successfully installed, thereby enhancing the versatility of the vibration isolator and its adaptability to different application scenarios.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator of this embodiment further includes bolts, the armature 8 and the magnetic guide 6 are arranged on the base 2 by bolts, the first height adjustment pad 3 and the second height adjustment pad 10 are both provided with perforations, the base 2 is provided with through holes matching the bolts, the bottom of the armature 8 and the bottom of the magnetic guide 6 are respectively provided with connecting holes, the bolts pass through the through holes and the perforations in turn, and are connected with the connecting holes. The sizes of the above-mentioned perforations, through holes and connecting holes are all matched with the bolts to ensure that the bolts can pass through each component smoothly and achieve a tight and accurate connection. For example, the diameter of the connecting hole should be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the bolt so that the bolt can be easily inserted, but it should not be too large to cause the connection to be loose; the size of the through hole and the perforation should also meet the requirements of the bolt passing smoothly while ensuring the stability of the connection. In actual use, the relative positions of the central iron core 4, the magnetic guide 6 and the armature 8 can be adjusted by replacing different types of height adjustment pads (here, the first height adjustment pad 3 and / or the second height adjustment pad 10) to adjust the active vibration isolation performance to the best. More specifically, through the first height-adjusting spacer 3 matching the armature 8, the height of the end face of the armature 8 is made the same as the height of the end face of the central core 4, and the upper and lower end faces of the magnetic conductor 6 are respectively aligned with the upper and lower end faces of the outer edge of the central core 4, and through the second height-adjusting spacer 10 matching the magnetic conductor 6, the centroid height of the armature 8 and the central core 4 are kept consistent.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of armatures 8 are evenly and alternately distributed around the central axis of the end cap assembly, the outer coils 9 on the lateral armatures 8 are independent of each other, the outer coils 9 on the opposite armatures 8 are synchronously connected in series, and the winding methods of the two are opposite to each other. Preferably, the number of armatures 8 in this embodiment is 4, and the 4 armatures 8 are evenly and alternately distributed around the central axis of the end cap assembly, and the two opposite armatures 8 with the outer coils 9 wound thereon control the electromagnetic forces in the x-direction and the y-direction respectively. In actual operation, the active vibration isolation force adjustment in the horizontal direction mainly includes the coordinated action of the opposing armature 8 and the independent adjustment of the lateral armature 8. For the coordinated action of the opposing armature 8, in the horizontal direction, the setting of multiple armatures 8 is the key, wherein the outer coils 9 on the two opposing armatures 8 wound with the outer coils 9 are usually connected in series and work synchronously, and the winding methods are opposite. When the control current passes through the two series-connected outer coils 9, due to the opposite winding methods, the directions of the magnetic fields they generate are also opposite. According to the calculation formula of the electromagnetic force (such as the Lorentz force formula, etc., the electromagnetic force is related to the current, the magnetic field, etc.), under the interaction with the magnetic field generated by the central iron core 4, a horizontal electromagnetic force will be generated. As for the independent adjustment of the lateral armature 8, the outer coils 9 on the lateral armature 8 work independently of each other, which means that different control currents can be passed through the outer coils 9 on each lateral armature 8 individually. When the control current of the outer coils 9 of the lateral armature 8 is changed, the intensity and direction of the magnetic field generated will change accordingly, and then the electromagnetic force formed by the interaction with the magnetic field generated by the central iron core 4 will also change. In this way, fine adjustment can be made according to different lateral vibration conditions, supplementing and improving the suppression effect of the overall horizontal vibration.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of magnetic guides 6 are evenly distributed alternately around the central axis of the end cap assembly, and the magnetization direction of each permanent magnet 7 is radially directed toward the central axis of the end cap assembly. Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of magnetic guides 6 is 4, and the 4 magnetic guides 6 are evenly distributed alternately around the central axis of the end cap assembly. In the vertical electromagnetic force assembly, when the control current is passed through the central coil 5, the central core 4 winding and the electromagnetic assembly will generate an electromagnetic force composed of the force between the magnetic fields and the Ampere force, which is the automatic vibration isolation force in the vertical direction. At the same time, the permanent magnets 7 in the vertical electromagnetic force assembly provide a stable magnetic field in the magnetic guide 6, which interacts with the magnetic field generated by the central core 4, etc., further enhancing the generation effect of the vertical electromagnetic force. By accurately adjusting the control current of the central coil 5, the strength of the magnetic field and the amplitude and direction of the electromagnetic force can be changed, thereby effectively suppressing the vibration in the vertical direction and achieving the purpose of adjusting the vertical active vibration isolation force.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the central iron core 4, the magnetic permeable member 6 and the armature 8 are all metal conductors. In order to avoid eddy current losses in the conductors, the central iron core 4, the magnetic permeable member 6 and the armature 8 need to adopt eddy current suppression structures such as lamination, sintering and winding to reduce power consumption and equipment heat generation.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the end cover assembly has a vertical accommodating cavity for nesting passive vibration isolation equipment or supporting structures, which can improve space utilization and ensure that the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator of this embodiment can be connected in parallel with the passive vibration isolation structure without increasing the volume of the equipment. Specifically, the existence of the vertical accommodating cavity enables the passive vibration isolation equipment or supporting structure that originally required additional space to be integrated into the end cover assembly of the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator, which avoids the need to expand the volume of the entire vibration isolation system in order to separately set up the passive vibration isolation part, and effectively improves the overall space utilization of the equipment. For some application scenarios with limited space, such as the engine room of ship power equipment, this space utilization method is particularly important, and can achieve a better vibration isolation function layout in a compact space, meeting the vibration isolation requirements of the equipment without taking up too much valuable cabin space. And after working in parallel with the passive vibration isolation structure, the active electromagnetic vibration isolator and the passive vibration isolation equipment or support structure can play their respective advantages. The characteristics of the active vibration isolator such as rapid response and precise adjustment of the active vibration isolation force can effectively deal with sudden and complex vibration conditions, while the passive vibration isolation equipment or support structure can effectively buffer and isolate continuous and low-frequency vibrations to a certain extent. The combination of the two can suppress vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes more comprehensively and effectively, thereby significantly enhancing the vibration isolation effect of the entire vibration isolation system, better protecting the equipment from the harm of vibration, and extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, this design that can be connected in parallel with the passive vibration isolation structure makes the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator more versatile. It can flexibly select suitable passive vibration isolation equipment or support structures to be nested into the vertical accommodation cavity according to different application scenarios and vibration isolation requirements.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the outer edge of the central core 4 is in the shape of a regular polygon, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the sum of the number of magnetic guides 6 and armatures 8. In order to prevent the average air gap width from increasing, resulting in a decrease in the magnetic flux density at the end edges of the magnetic guides 6 and the armature 8, thereby affecting the electromagnetic force amplitude under unit current, the outer edge of the central core 4 is designed to be a regular octahedron, ensuring that the end face of the outer edge of the central core 4 is parallel to the end face of each magnetic guide 6 and armature 8. One of the core functions of this design is to ensure the stability of the electromagnetic force amplitude under unit current. By carefully designing the outer edge of the central core 4 to be a regular octahedron and ensuring that the end faces are parallel, the magnetic flux density can be maintained at a more appropriate level, and then under a given unit current, a sufficient electromagnetic force amplitude can be continuously and stably generated. The stable electromagnetic force amplitude directly helps to optimize the vibration isolation effect. When the electromagnetic force can be accurately and stably generated and act on components such as the armature 8 and the magnetic guide 6, these components can effectively resist and suppress vibration according to the size and direction of the electromagnetic force, and can more comprehensively and effectively cope with various vibration conditions of the equipment, reducing the vibration amplitude to a lower level, thereby better protecting the equipment from the harm of vibration and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the control current is respectively passed through the central coil 5 and the outer coil 9, the magnetic field formed between the end of the armature 8 and the end of the central core 4 will interact with each other, and the electromagnetic force exerted on the armature 8 and the central core 4 is actually the force between the magnetic fields. By adjusting the magnitude and direction of the control current accordingly, the effective control of the horizontal electromagnetic force can be achieved. Specifically, when the amplitude of the control current changes, the intensity of the magnetic field and the amplitude of the force between the magnetic fields will also change accordingly; and when the direction of the control current is changed, the force between the magnetic fields will also reverse accordingly. The working principle can be described with reference to FIG. 6 .

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, when the control current is passed through the central coil 5, the winding of the central core 4 and the electromagnetic assembly will generate an electromagnetic force composed of the magnetic field force and the Ampere force. By adjusting the magnitude and direction of the control current, the electromagnetic force can be effectively controlled. The working principle can be referred to Figure 8(i.e., the principle diagram of the electromagnetic force in the z direction). Similarly, when the amplitude of the control current changes, the magnetic field strength and the amplitude of the electromagnetic force will also change accordingly; and when the direction of the control current is changed, the electromagnetic force will also reverse accordingly. The above controller adjusts the control current input to the central coil 5 and the outer coil 9 separately and independently according to the signal sent by the sensor at the observation point. Through such operation, the electromagnetic force of each degree of freedom can be regulated, and finally the vibration of each degree of freedom can be effectively offset.

[0052] Specifically, in the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator of this embodiment, the magnetic circuit that generates the multi-degree-of-freedom active vibration isolation force shares the same central core 4 and coil, and the active control forces are decoupled from each other, and independent active control of multiple degrees of freedom can be achieved through a certain control strategy. In other words, the magnetic circuit that generates the multi-degree-of-freedom active vibration isolation force shares the same central core 4 and coil, which means that whether the vibration isolation force is generated in different degrees of freedom such as horizontal direction or vertical direction, the source of the magnetic field is largely based on the same central core 4 and the central coil 5 associated therewith. For example, when current passes through the central coil 5, a magnetic field is generated around the central core 4, and this magnetic field interacts with other components (such as armature, magnetic guide, etc.), thereby providing a basic magnetic field environment for the generation of vibration isolation forces in different degrees of freedom. The decoupling of active control forces from each other means that although there are common parts in the magnetic circuit, the active control forces on each degree of freedom (such as the degrees of freedom corresponding to different directions such as horizontal x and y directions and vertical directions) can be adjusted and controlled independently of each other, without being disturbed by changes in control forces of other degrees of freedom. That is to say, when the active control force on a certain degree of freedom is adjusted, the size and effect of the control force on other degrees of freedom will not be directly affected by such adjustment. That is, appropriate active control force can be applied independently according to the specific vibration conditions on each degree of freedom, so as to better adapt to such complex vibration conditions.

[0053] This embodiment can realize active control of multiple degrees of freedom through control strategies. Specifically, in the horizontal electromagnetic force assembly, the outer coils 9 on the opposite armatures 8 are connected in series and are wound in opposite ways, and the outer coils 9 on the lateral armatures 8 are independent of each other. Through such a structural design, when electromagnetic forces of different degrees of freedom in the horizontal direction (such as the x and y directions) are generated, a certain degree of decoupling can be achieved by controlling the current of different outer coils 9. Similarly, in the vertical electromagnetic force assembly, the control force decoupling in the vertical degrees of freedom can also be achieved through the specific coordination of the permanent magnets 7, the magnetic guides 6, etc. with the central iron core 4 and the fine control of the current of the central coil 5. To realize active control of multiple degrees of freedom, it is necessary to use certain control strategies, and usually a corresponding control system is equipped. The system receives vibration signals from various observation points (sensors may be set at different positions of the equipment as observation points), and analyzes the vibration conditions of each degree of freedom (such as the frequency, amplitude, direction, etc. of the vibration) based on these signals. Then, based on these analysis results, specific algorithms (such as some advanced algorithms in modern control theory, such as state-space method, adaptive control algorithm, etc.) are used to independently calculate the size and direction of the active control force required for each degree of freedom, and the corresponding control instructions are sent to the corresponding coils (such as central coil 5, outer coil 9, etc.) to achieve precise adjustment of the active control force of each degree of freedom, thereby achieving the purpose of decoupling the active control forces of multiple degrees of freedom from each other and realizing independent control.

[0054] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator provided by the present invention has a very compact overall structure. Without increasing the volume of the equipment, it can realize the switching between active vibration isolation and active and passive parallel vibration isolation functions according to different working environments, and the space utilization rate is quite high. Moreover, under unit current excitation, the vibration isolator has a large output density, thereby reducing the volume and mass of the active vibration isolator. The above characteristics are compatible with the actual situation that the space in the engine room of ship power equipment is limited and the situation is complicated, and the engineering applicability is very strong.

[0055] The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator provided by the present invention adopts a modular design concept and can perform corresponding replacement operations on the height adjustment pads according to the requirements of different types of vibration isolation objects or vibration isolation platforms. The disassembly and assembly process is simple and convenient, which can effectively meet various vibration isolation needs, thereby improving the versatility of the invention in practical applications.

[0056] The present invention further provides a multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolation system, which covers the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator described above, so it fully possesses all the beneficial effects of the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator, characterized in that: include: Base; An end cover assembly, comprising a central coil, a central iron core and a top plate, wherein the central coil is wound on the central iron core, and the central iron core is arranged at a central position of the top plate, and the top plate is arranged parallel to the base; A horizontal electromagnetic force assembly, comprising an outer coil, a plurality of armatures and a first height-adjusting pad, wherein the outer coil is wound around each armature, the bottom of the armature is arranged on the base through the first height-adjusting pad, the end faces of the plurality of armatures are all oriented toward the central axis of the end cover assembly, and the end faces of the opposite armatures are parallel to each other, and the end faces of the lateral armatures are perpendicular to each other; A vertical electromagnetic force component, comprising a permanent magnet, a plurality of magnetic guides and a second height-adjusting pad, wherein a permanent magnet is embedded inside each magnetic guide, the bottom of the magnetic guide is disposed on the base through the second height-adjusting pad, and the inner walls of the magnetic guides facing each other are parallel to each other, and the inner walls of the lateral magnetic guides are perpendicular to each other; The plurality of magnetic guides and armatures are evenly and alternately distributed circumferentially around the central axis of the end cover assembly; The outer coils on the lateral armatures are independent of each other, and the outer coils on the opposite armatures work synchronously in series, and the winding methods of the two are opposite to each other; The magnetization direction of each permanent magnet is radially directed toward the central axis of the end cover assembly; When the lateral armatures are adjusted independently, different control currents are passed through the outer coils on each lateral armature. When the control current of the lateral armature outer coils is changed, the intensity and direction of the magnetic field generated by them will change accordingly, and then the electromagnetic force formed by the interaction with the magnetic field generated by the central iron core will also change, so as to adjust according to different lateral vibration conditions; In the vertical electromagnetic force assembly, the permanent magnet provides a stable magnetic field in the magnetic guide. The magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the central iron core. By adjusting the control current of the central coil, the intensity of the magnetic field and the amplitude and direction of the electromagnetic force can be changed to suppress vertical vibrations.

2. The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first height-adjusting pad is provided with a first groove matching the bottom of the armature, and the second height-adjusting pad is provided with a second groove matching the bottom of the magnetic guide member.

3. The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes bolts, and the armature and / or the magnetic guide member are arranged on the base through the bolts.

4. The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first height adjustment pad and the second height adjustment pad are both provided with through holes, the base is provided with through holes matching the bolts, the bottom of the armature and the bottom of the magnetic guide are respectively provided with connecting holes, the bolts pass through the through holes and the through holes in turn and are connected to the connecting holes.

5. The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central iron core, the magnetic guide member and the armature adopt an eddy current suppression structure.

6. The multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge shape of the central iron core is a regular polygon with the same number of magnetic guide members and armature parts.

7. A multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolation system, characterized in that: It comprises the multi-degree-of-freedom active electromagnetic vibration isolator as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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