Transmission, vehicle, and transmission control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission, a vehicle and a control method of the transmission. The transmission comprises an input shaft which is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of input gears; the output shaft is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of output gears; an intermediate shaft on which a plurality of intermediate gears are mounted; a first synchronizer; a second synchronizer; the direct gear assembly comprises a first direct gear tooth holder, a second direct gear tooth holder and a direct gear tooth sleeve. According to the transmission, under the direct gear working condition, the direct gear sleeve can be in the second state, the output end of the first synchronizer is separated from the input gear, the output end of the second synchronizer is separated from the output gear, power is output through the output shaft, and at the moment, the input gear, the output gear and the intermediate gear do not rotate; oil stirring loss of the input gear, the output gear and the intermediate gear is effectively avoided, and the energy utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a transmission, a vehicle, and a transmission control method. Background Art

[0002] At present, commercial AMT (Automated Manual Transmission) at home and abroad is mainly matched with high-speed tractors, and high-speed tractors generally drive in direct gear of the transmission. Direct gear is the gear with the highest transmission efficiency, which can effectively save fuel and improve energy utilization.

[0003] However, when the transmission works in direct gear, its main internal loss is the oil stirring loss caused by gear rotation, which is not conducive to further improving energy utilization. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the present application provides a transmission, a vehicle and a transmission control method for reducing oil stirring losses when the transmission operates in a direct gear condition.

[0005] The present application provides a transmission, comprising: an input shaft, wherein the input shaft is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of input gears; an output shaft, wherein the output shaft is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of output gears; an intermediate shaft, wherein a plurality of intermediate gears are installed, wherein a portion of the plurality of intermediate gears are correspondingly meshed with the plurality of input gears, and another portion of the plurality of intermediate gears are correspondingly meshed with the plurality of output gears; a first synchronizer, wherein the input end of the first synchronizer is connected to the input shaft, and the output end of the first synchronizer is selectively meshed with or disengaged from the input gears; a second synchronizer, wherein the input end of the second synchronizer is connected to the output shaft, and the output end of the second synchronizer is selectively meshed with or disengaged from the output gears; a direct gear assembly, comprising a first direct gear seat, a second direct gear seat and a direct gear sleeve, wherein the first direct gear seat is fixedly connected to the input shaft, and the second direct gear seat is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the direct gear sleeve has a first state of spline matching with both the first direct gear seat and the second direct gear seat, and a second state of spline matching with one of the first direct gear seat and the second direct gear seat.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes: a housing, wherein the input shaft, the output shaft and the intermediate shaft are rotatably mounted in the housing, and the first synchronizer, the second synchronizer and the direct gear assembly are located in the housing.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present application, the housing is provided with an oil pan, the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil pan is less than the minimum height of the intermediate gear, and the transmission also includes: an oil pump connected to the input shaft, the oil pump is used to draw the lubricating oil from the oil pan and provide the lubricating oil to the input gear, the intermediate gear and the output gear.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, the housing includes a front housing, a middle housing and a rear housing connected in sequence, and the oil pan includes a front shell, a middle shell and a rear shell connected in sequence.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the intermediate gear includes a second gear; when the direct gear sleeve is in the second state, the direct gear sleeve is separated from the first direct gear seat, and the direct gear sleeve can selectively cooperate with the second gear spline.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input gear includes a high-speed input gear and a low-speed input gear, and the output end of the first synchronizer can selectively mesh with or be disengaged from the high-speed input gear and the low-speed input gear, respectively.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, the intermediate gear includes a first gear and a reverse gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer can selectively mesh with or be disengaged from the first gear and the reverse gear, respectively.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, the transmission further includes: a connecting sleeve; a planetary gear train, the planetary gear train includes a sun gear, and the sun gear is connected to the output shaft via the connecting sleeve.

[0013] The present application also provides a control method for the transmission of the above embodiment, comprising: in the direct gear position, controlling the first synchronizer to be separated from the input gear, the second synchronizer to be separated from the output gear, and the direct gear sleeve to be switched to a second state.

[0014] The present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the transmission of the above embodiment.

[0015] The above-mentioned transmission, vehicle and transmission control method, the direct gear sleeve can be switched between a first state and a second state, and the output end of the first synchronizer can be selectively engaged or disengaged with the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer can be selectively engaged or disengaged with the output gear. In this way, the direct gear sleeve can be placed in the second state under the direct gear condition, the output end of the first synchronizer is separated from the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer is separated from the output gear, and power is output through the output shaft. At this time, the input gear, the output gear and the intermediate gear do not rotate, effectively avoiding oil stirring losses of the input gear, the output gear and the intermediate gear, which is beneficial to improving energy utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0017] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oil pan in a transmission provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] 1. Input shaft; 2. Oil pump; 3. Front housing; 4. High-speed input gear; 5. Intermediate shaft; 7. First intermediate reduction gear; 8. Second intermediate reduction gear; 9. First synchronizer; 10. Low-speed input gear; 11. First intermediate low-speed reduction gear; 12. Second intermediate low-speed reduction gear; 13. First direct gear seat; 14. Direct gear sleeve; 15. Second direct gear seat; 16. Output shaft; 16-1. Second gear; 16-2. First gear; 16-3. Reverse gear; 17. Second synchronizer; 18. Connecting sleeve; 19. Sun gear; 20. Rear synchronizer; 3-1. Oil pan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0021] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0024] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the transmission provided in an embodiment of the present application includes an input shaft 1, an output shaft 16, an intermediate shaft 5, a first synchronizer 9, a second synchronizer 17 and a direct gear assembly.

[0026] The input shaft 1 is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of input gears, the output shaft 16 is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of output gears, the intermediate shaft 5 is equipped with a plurality of intermediate gears, some of the plurality of intermediate gears are meshed with the plurality of input gears, and the other parts are meshed with the plurality of output gears, the input end of the first synchronizer 9 is connected to the input shaft 1, and the output end of the first synchronizer 9 can be selectively meshed or separated with the input gears; the input end of the second synchronizer 17 is connected to the output shaft 16, and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 can be selectively meshed or separated with the output gears. The direct gear assembly includes a first direct gear seat 13, a second direct gear seat 15 and a direct gear sleeve 14, the first direct gear seat 13 is fixedly connected to the input shaft 1, the second direct gear seat 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 16, and the direct gear sleeve 14 has a first state of spline matching with the first direct gear seat 13 and the second direct gear seat 15 at the same time, and a second state of spline matching with one of the first direct gear seat 13 and the second direct gear seat 15.

[0027] The input shaft 1 is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of input gears, which means that the input shaft 1 is sleeved with a plurality of input gears, and the input gears can rotate relative to the input shaft 1. Correspondingly, the output shaft 16 is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of output gears, which means that the output shaft 16 is sleeved with a plurality of output gears, and the output gears can rotate relative to the input shaft 1. The intermediate shaft 5 rotates synchronously with the intermediate gears. The multiple input gears, the multiple intermediate gears and the multiple output gears can all include multiple gears of different diameters.

[0028] In this embodiment, the cooperation of the first synchronizer 9, the second synchronizer 17 and the direct gear assembly can realize the switching of different working conditions. Specifically, when the direct gear sleeve 14 is in the first state, the output end of the first synchronizer 9 is separated from the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is separated from the output gear, the input shaft 1 is transmitted to the output shaft 16 through the direct gear assembly, and the transmission is in the direct gear. At this time, the input shaft 1 will not be transmitted to the intermediate shaft 5 through the first synchronizer 9, and the input shaft 1 and the input gear will rotate relative to each other (the input gear will not rotate), and the output shaft 16 and the output gear will rotate relative to each other (the output gear will not rotate). , the intermediate shaft 5 and the intermediate gear do not rotate, and the input gear, output gear and intermediate gear do not generate oil stirring loss; when the direct gear sleeve 14 is in the first state, the output end of the first synchronizer 9 is engaged with part of the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is separated from part of the output gear, the input shaft 1 is transmitted to the input gear through the first synchronizer 9, and the input gear drives the output gear to rotate to be transmitted to the intermediate shaft 5, and the intermediate shaft 5 is then transmitted to the output gear through other intermediate gears, and the output gear is transmitted to the output shaft 16 through the second synchronizer 17. At this time, the transmission is in other gears other than the direct gear.

[0029] When the transmission of this embodiment is in direct gear, the input gear, output gear and intermediate gear do not rotate, which effectively avoids oil stirring loss caused by the input gear, output gear and intermediate gear, and is conducive to improving energy utilization.

[0030] Optionally, there are two intermediate shafts 5, and the two intermediate shafts 5 are respectively provided with a plurality of intermediate gears, and the two intermediate shafts 5 are both connected to the input gear and the output gear through the intermediate gears. Transmission through dual intermediate shafts 5 can improve the load-bearing capacity and transmission efficiency of the transmission, while making the structure more compact, and can better meet the power transmission requirements under some working conditions, for example, in the application scenario of heavy commercial vehicles, it can better meet the vehicle's requirements for power transmission.

[0031] Optionally, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 16 are coaxial and arranged in sequence along the axis direction, thereby facilitating the installation of the first direct gear holder 13 , the second direct gear holder 15 and the direct gear sleeve 14 , as well as the state switching of the direct gear sleeve 14 .

[0032] In some embodiments, the transmission further includes a housing 3, the input shaft 1, the output shaft 16 and the intermediate shaft 5 are rotatably mounted in the housing 3, and the first synchronizer 9, the second synchronizer 17 and the direct gear assembly are located in the housing 3. The housing 3 can protect and support the input shaft 1, the output shaft 16, the intermediate shaft 5, the first synchronizer 9, the second synchronizer 17 and the direct gear assembly.

[0033] In conjunction with FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the housing 3 is provided with an oil pan 3-1, and the oil pan 3-1 is used to contain and store lubricating oil. The liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1 is less than the minimum height of the intermediate gear. Therefore, when the intermediate gear rotates, the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1 is not directly stirred, and when the transmission is in other gears other than the direct gear, the stirring loss can also be reduced.

[0034] Furthermore, the transmission also includes an oil pump 2, which is connected to the input shaft 1. The oil pump 2 is used to draw lubricating oil from the oil pan 3-1 and provide lubricating oil to the input gear, the intermediate gear and the output gear.

[0035] In this embodiment, the oil pump 2 provides lubricating oil to the input gear, intermediate gear and output gear to ensure good lubrication conditions when the intermediate gear directly stirs the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1. The oil pump 2 is installed on the input shaft 1 to maintain power input even when the intermediate shaft 5 rotates, thereby meeting the lubrication requirements of different gear working conditions.

[0036] Optionally, the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1 is less than the minimum height of the input gear and the output gear, so that the input gear and the output gear do not directly stir the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1 when rotating, further reducing the oil stirring loss. Moreover, under the action of the oil pump 2, a good lubrication effect can be guaranteed.

[0037] In some embodiments, the housing 3 includes a front housing, a middle housing and a rear housing connected in sequence, and the oil pan 3-1 includes a front housing, a middle housing and a rear housing connected in sequence. The three-section structure of the housing 3 makes it easier to install the internal components. For example, when installing various gears, shafts, synchronizers and other components, the operations can be performed in different parts of the housing 3 respectively, and then assembled, which improves the installation efficiency. At the same time, it is easier to access the internal components during maintenance and repair, which is convenient for the inspection and replacement of the components with problems. In addition, this structure can better disperse stress and enhance the structural strength and stability of the entire transmission system. Different parts of the housing 3 can cooperate with each other to withstand forces in different directions, reduce local stress concentration, and thus improve the reliability of the transmission under complex working conditions. The three-section structure of the oil pan 3-1 can not only enhance the structural strength and stability of the entire transmission, but also more accurately control the position of the lubricating oil level. By reasonably designing the shape and connection method of each part, the lubricating oil can be better gathered at the bottom and maintained at a suitable liquid level, achieving better lubrication and cooling effects, while reducing oil stirring losses.

[0038] In some embodiments, the intermediate gear includes a second gear 16-1. When the direct gear sleeve 14 is in the second state, the direct gear sleeve 14 is separated from the first direct gear seat 13, and the direct gear sleeve 14 can be selectively splined with the second gear 16-1. When the direct gear sleeve 14 is in the second state, the direct gear sleeve 14 can be splined with the second gear 16-1, so that the transmission is in the second gear condition. It should be noted that in the second gear condition, the input shaft 1 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 5 through the first synchronizer 9, and is transmitted to the second gear 16-1 through the intermediate gear, and then is transmitted to the output shaft 16 through the direct gear sleeve.

[0039] In some embodiments, the input gear includes a high-speed input gear 4 and a low-speed input gear 10, and the output end of the first synchronizer 9 is selectively meshed or disengaged with the high-speed input gear 4 and the low-speed input gear 10. When the first synchronizer 9 is simultaneously disengaged from the high-speed input gear 4 and the low-speed input gear 10, there is no transmission between the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 5. When the first synchronizer 9 is simultaneously meshed with the high-speed input gear 4, there is high-speed transmission between the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 5. When the first synchronizer 9 is simultaneously meshed with the high-speed input gear 4, there is low-speed transmission between the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 5.

[0040] Optionally, the intermediate gear includes a first intermediate reduction gear 7 and a second intermediate reduction gear 8 which are disposed on two intermediate shafts 5 , and the first intermediate reduction gear 7 and the second intermediate reduction gear 8 are both meshed with the high-speed input gear 4 .

[0041] Optionally, the intermediate gears include a first intermediate low-speed reduction gear 11 and a second intermediate low-speed reduction gear 12 which are disposed on two intermediate shafts 5 , and the first intermediate low-speed reduction gear 11 and the second intermediate low-speed reduction gear 12 are both meshed with the low-speed input gear 10 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the intermediate gears include a first gear 16-2 and a reverse gear 16-3, and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is selectively meshed or disengaged with the first gear 16-2 and the reverse gear 16-3, respectively. When the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is disengaged from the first gear 16-2 and the reverse gear 16-3, respectively, no transmission is transmitted between the intermediate shafts 5, when the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is meshed with the first gear 16-2, the transmission is in the first gear condition, and when the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is meshed with the reverse gear 16-3, the transmission is in the reverse gear condition.

[0043] It is worth noting that when the transmission of this embodiment performs gear switching, the first synchronizer 9, the second synchronizer 17 and the direct gear assembly cooperate with each other instead of being controlled separately.

[0044] In some embodiments, the transmission further includes a connecting sleeve 18 and a planetary gear train, the planetary gear train includes a sun gear 19, planetary gears and a ring gear, and the sun gear 19 is connected to the output shaft 16 via the connecting sleeve 18. Further, the transmission may also include components such as a rear synchronizer 20 that cooperates with the planetary gear train, which are not specifically limited here.

[0045] In this embodiment, the planetary gear train participates in power transmission and speed change, and changes the transmission ratio by cooperating with the output shaft 16 and other components, so that the vehicle can obtain appropriate power output under different working conditions.

[0046] In some embodiments, a direct gear holder is splined with the input shaft 1, and / or a second direct gear holder 15 is splined with the output shaft 16. Thus, the transmission reliability between the direct gear holder and the input shaft 1 and between the second direct gear holder 15 and the output shaft 16 can be improved, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the transmission and the service life of the transmission.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a transmission control method, including:

[0048] In the direct gear position, the first synchronizer 9 is controlled to be separated from the input gear, the second synchronizer 17 is controlled to be separated from the output gear, and the direct gear sleeve 14 is switched to the second state.

[0049] Furthermore, the control method further includes:

[0050] In the gear positions other than the direct gear position, the direct gear sleeve 14 is controlled to switch to the second state, the first synchronizer 9 is controlled to mesh with part of the input gear, and the second synchronizer 17 is controlled to mesh with part of the output gear.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned transmission.

[0052] The vehicle of this embodiment can be a commercial vehicle, especially a heavy commercial vehicle, such as a high-speed tractor, etc. It can also be other vehicles that require higher transmission efficiency and often travel in direct gear of the transmission, which is not specifically limited here.

[0053] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0054] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A transmission, characterized in that: include: An input shaft, wherein the input shaft is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of input gears; An output shaft, wherein the output shaft is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of output gears; An intermediate shaft, wherein a plurality of intermediate gears are mounted on the intermediate shaft, a portion of the plurality of intermediate gears are meshed with the plurality of input gears correspondingly, and another portion of the plurality of intermediate gears are meshed with the plurality of output gears correspondingly; A first synchronizer, wherein an input end of the first synchronizer is connected to the input shaft, and an output end of the first synchronizer is selectively meshed with or disengaged from the input gear; A second synchronizer, wherein an input end of the second synchronizer is connected to the output shaft, and an output end of the second synchronizer is selectively meshed with or disengaged from the output gear; A direct gear assembly includes a first direct gear seat, a second direct gear seat and a direct gear sleeve, wherein the first direct gear seat is fixedly connected to the input shaft, the second direct gear seat is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the direct gear sleeve has a first state in which it is spline-matched with both the first direct gear seat and the second direct gear seat, and a second state in which it is spline-matched with one of the first direct gear seat and the second direct gear seat.

2. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A housing, the input shaft, the output shaft and the intermediate shaft are rotatably mounted in the housing, and the first synchronizer, the second synchronizer and the direct gear assembly are located in the housing.

3. The transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing is provided with an oil pan, the liquid level of the lubricating oil in the oil pan is less than the minimum height of the intermediate gear, and the transmission further comprises: An oil pump is connected to the input shaft, and is used for sucking the lubricating oil from the oil pan and providing the lubricating oil to the input gear, the intermediate gear and the output gear.

4. The transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The box body comprises a front box body, a middle box body and a rear box body which are connected in sequence, and the oil pan comprises a front shell body, a middle shell body and a rear shell body which are connected in sequence.

5. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The intermediate gear includes a second gear; When the direct gear sleeve is in the second state, the direct gear sleeve is separated from the first direct gear seat, and the direct gear sleeve can selectively cooperate with the second gear spline.

6. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The input gear includes a high-speed input gear and a low-speed input gear, and the output end of the first synchronizer can selectively mesh with or be disengaged from the high-speed input gear and the low-speed input gear, respectively.

7. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The intermediate gear includes a first gear and a reverse gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer can selectively mesh with or be disengaged from the first gear and the reverse gear, respectively.

8. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transmission also includes: Connecting gear sleeve; A planetary gear train, comprising a sun gear, wherein the sun gear is connected to the output shaft via the connecting gear sleeve.

9. A method for controlling a transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: In the direct gear position, the first synchronizer is controlled to be separated from the input gear, the second synchronizer is controlled to be separated from the output gear, and the direct gear sleeve is switched to the second state.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a transmission as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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