Long-time high-acceleration acceleration device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of high acceleration impact testing technology, and discloses a long-time high acceleration acceleration device, comprising a first-stage gas acceleration device, a second-stage rigid impact loading block, a third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device, and an accelerated object. The second-stage rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas acceleration device and then collides with the accelerated object. The third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a compression plastic deformation block. The mass of the accelerated object is m2. During the deformation process of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device, the total mass of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is m1, the speed of the contact end with the second-stage rigid impact loading block is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object is V2 and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increase, the required crushing force F pl It increases accordingly, and the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are controlled to ensure that the target acceleration a2 of the accelerated object is constant within the expected time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high acceleration impact testing, and in particular relates to an acceleration device with long time sequence and high acceleration. Background Art

[0002] Traditional accelerators typically directly utilize power sources (such as electromagnetic force or high-pressure gas) to accelerate objects requiring high acceleration. However, accelerating an object at ultra-high acceleration typically requires the system to instantly generate enormous thrust, potentially reaching several gigawatts. The energy storage units of traditional devices are virtually incapable of meeting the requirements for long-term, high-speed acceleration. Currently, electric accelerators are prevalent, but achieving these multi-megawatt power levels and scale is practically impossible. Compressed air drives require sustained acceleration pressures exceeding hundreds of megapascals. This is difficult to achieve, and the high pressure rapidly decays after the explosive driving force is generated. This pressure cannot be sustained, resulting in insufficient acceleration duration. Furthermore, the time it takes for the diaphragm or valve to fully open to release the air pressure significantly impacts the acceleration effect. Even with spring buffering in some devices, the acceleration process remains unstable. With explosive shock acceleration, the high acceleration lasts only briefly, sometimes only a few microseconds, and the process releases significant heat, making it impossible to maintain high pressure and compromising the device's safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide an acceleration device that can effectively achieve high acceleration with long-term stability.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a long-time high-acceleration acceleration device, including a first-level gas acceleration device, a second-level rigid impact loading block and an accelerated object, the first-level gas acceleration device is used to provide initial acceleration power, the second-level rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-level gas acceleration device and then collides with the accelerated object, and a three-level impact force conversion acceleration device that withstands the impact is provided between the second-level rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object, the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device is a compressive plastic deformation body, the mass of the accelerated object is m2, the total mass of the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device is m1, and during the deformation process of the three-level impact force conversion acceleration device, the speed of the contact end with the second-level rigid impact loading block is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object is V2 and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increase the crushing force F required for the compression deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device plAs it increases, the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are controlled to ensure the target acceleration a of the accelerated object. t Constant over the expected time.

[0005] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the two-stage rigid impact loading block are accelerated to a preset speed by a first-stage gas accelerator and then collide with the accelerated object. The first-stage gas accelerator is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P, and pushes the two-stage rigid impact loading block and the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator to perform accelerated motion with a constant thrust F0. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the two-stage rigid impact loading block is A, and the relationship between the air pressure P and the gas thrust F0 is as follows: F0=P×A.

[0006] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device accelerates with acceleration a0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0. After the distance L0 is passed, the initial impact speed V 1initial Colliding with the accelerated object, gas thrust F0, three-stage impact force conversion accelerator acceleration a0, three-stage impact force conversion accelerator movement distance L0, three-stage impact force conversion accelerator initial impact speed V 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0007] a0=F0 / (m0+m1);

[0008]

[0009] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t And the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the target acceleration value a t .

[0010] In one embodiment, the secondary rigid impact loading block collides with the tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device and the accelerated object connected thereto after being accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas acceleration device. The primary gas acceleration device is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P′ and pushes the secondary rigid impact loading block to accelerate with a constant gas thrust F0′. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the secondary rigid impact loading block is A, and the relationship between the air pressure P′ and the gas thrust F0′ is as follows: F′0=P′×A.

[0011] In one embodiment, the secondary rigid impact loading block is accelerated with an acceleration of a′0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V′0. After traveling a distance L0′, the initial impact speed V′ 1initial Colliding with the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the accelerated object, the gas thrust F0′, the acceleration a′0 of the secondary rigid impact loading block, the movement distance L0′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the initial impact velocity V′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0012] a′0=F′0 / m′0;

[0013]

[0014] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t And the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the acceleration target value a t .

[0015] In one embodiment, the initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator determined based on experience include: structural density ρ′ I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1, and the crushing force and displacement variation curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are obtained through iterative optimization calculation, and then the platform stress curve that meets the engineering structure design is obtained. According to the platform stress curve, the structural density or cross-sectional area design value required for the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is determined.

[0016] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure or an origami structure, and the deviation between the actual platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device and the design value during dynamic compression does not exceed a set threshold.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first-stage gas acceleration device and the second-stage rigid impact loading block are sealed via a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is provided on the second-stage rigid impact loading block.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first-stage gas acceleration device is a supercritical CO2 pneumatic loading device.

[0019] In one embodiment, a control system is further included for controlling the timing and release pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device. After the pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device reaches a set value, it is released to push the accelerated object to perform accelerated motion.

[0020] Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Conventional acceleration devices directly apply power from a power source to an object requiring high acceleration to achieve high-acceleration motion. The present invention provides a long-duration, high-acceleration acceleration device comprising a primary gas accelerator, a secondary rigid impact loading block, and an accelerated object. The primary gas accelerator provides initial acceleration power. The secondary rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the primary gas accelerator and then collides with the accelerated object. A third-stage impact force conversion accelerator is provided between the secondary rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object to withstand the impact, thereby achieving long-term, stable, high-acceleration acceleration of the accelerated object. The magnitude, stability, and duration of this acceleration are independent of the power source power and power output stability of the entire device, but depend solely on whether the secondary rigid impact loading block and the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator can be accelerated to a sufficient speed and kinetic energy, and whether the impact force transmitted by the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator is appropriately configured. Accelerating the second rigid impact loading block to a preset speed by the primary gas accelerator can be achieved by adjusting the acceleration distance, without requiring either acceleration magnitude or stability. Since the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator undergoes compressive plastic deformation during the acceleration process, by reasonably designing the load required for the compressive deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, that is, adjusting the structural density or cross-sectional area of ​​the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, long-term high-overload stable acceleration of the accelerated object can be effectively achieved. The acceleration usage range of this application can reach up to 20,000g or more. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an acceleration device with long time sequence and high acceleration according to one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the speed-mass change process of a three-stage impact force conversion accelerator of a long-time-sequence high-acceleration accelerator according to one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a long-time-sequence high-acceleration acceleration device according to one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a compression force-displacement curve of a square cone honeycomb three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device according to one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a compression force-displacement curve of a square cone honeycomb three-stage impact force conversion accelerator with higher crushing force according to another embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the real-time crushing force curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 7 This is the real-time compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 1;

[0029] Figure 8 This is the real-time velocity curve of the secondary rigid impact loading block in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 9 The acceleration curve of the accelerated object implemented in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 10 This is the acceleration curve of the accelerated object directly accelerated by gas drive;

[0032] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the speed and mass change process of a three-stage impact force conversion accelerator with a long time sequence and high acceleration according to another embodiment;

[0033] Figure 12 This is the real-time crushing force curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 2;

[0034] Figure 13 This is the real-time compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device of Example 2;

[0035] Figure 14 This is the crushing force and compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator in Example 2;

[0036] Figure 15 This is the real-time velocity curve of the secondary rigid impact loading block in Example 2;

[0037] Figure 16 The acceleration curve of the accelerated object implemented in Example 2;

[0038] Figure 17 This is the acceleration curve of the accelerated object that is directly accelerated by gas drive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more comprehensive and detailed form below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0042] See also Figure 1-17 , an embodiment of a long-duration high-acceleration acceleration device includes: a first-stage gas acceleration device 1, a second-stage rigid impact loading block 2, a third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and an accelerated object 4. The second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 and then collides with the accelerated object 4. The first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is used to provide initial acceleration power. A third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 that withstands the impact is provided between the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 and the accelerated object 4. The second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 transmits the power of the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 to the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3. The third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is a compressive plastic deformation body. The mass of the accelerated object 4 is m2. During the deformation process of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3, the total mass of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is m1, the speed of the contact end with the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object 4 is V2 and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increase, the crushing force F required for the compression deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 pl As the impact force increases, the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 are controlled to ensure the target acceleration a of the accelerated object 4. t Constant within the expected time. In this application, the duration of stable high acceleration reaches milliseconds, which is much higher than the conventional micron level.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 can be a cylindrical high-strength metal block, one end of which is connected to the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator 3 by welding, bonding, or bolts, and the other end of which is in contact with the high-pressure gas generated by the primary gas accelerator 1. Preferably, the primary gas accelerator 1 and the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 are sealed by a sealing ring. Specifically, the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is provided with an annular sealing ring to prevent large amounts of high-pressure gas from flowing into the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the tail of the accelerated object 4.

[0044] In one embodiment, the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P, and pushes the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 and the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 to perform acceleration motion with a constant gas thrust F0. After accelerating to a preset speed, it hits the accelerated object 4. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 is A, and the relationship between the air pressure P and the gas thrust F0 is as follows: F0=P×.

[0045] Specifically, in one embodiment, the initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 are determined based on experience, including: structural density ρ I , cross-sectional area A I , total compression distance L I , total length L total , total mass m1, and the crushing force and displacement variation curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is obtained through iterative optimization calculation, and then the platform stress curve that meets the engineering structure design is obtained, and the structural density or cross-sectional area design value required by the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is determined according to the platform stress curve.

[0046] Specifically, in one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the two-stage rigid impact loading block 2 are accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 and then collide with the accelerated object 4. The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is accelerated with an acceleration a0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0. After passing a distance L0, the initial impact speed V 1initial When the gas thrust provided by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is constant, the gas thrust F0, the acceleration a0 of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3, the moving distance L0 of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3, and the initial impact velocity V of the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 are all equal. 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0047] a0=F0 / (m0+m1);

[0048]

[0049] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object 4 t and acceleration duration target value tt , the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object 4 under constant acceleration can be calculated t , the accelerated object 4 moves away from the target value L t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual accelerated object has reached (or is close to) the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t .

[0050] The initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator include: device structure density ρ I , device cross-sectional area A I , the total compression distance of the device is L I , total length of the device L total , total mass of the device m1.

[0051] Device structure density ρ I , device cross-sectional area A I And the total length of the device L total It can be used to determine the total mass m1 of the device. Similarly, when the total mass m1 of the device is determined first, the total length L of the device can also be determined based on it. total , thereby determining the total distance L that the device can be compressed I .

[0052] According to the total kinetic energy of the device (secondary rigid impact loading block 2, third-level impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and accelerated object 4) after the same speed And the compression work of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 (first approximate estimate) Get the initial velocity of the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator 3 before the collision (design minimum value);

[0053] The real-time calculation value calculation process of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is as follows:

[0054] In order to ensure that the acceleration of the accelerated object 4 is constant, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is used to convert the real-time crushing force F pl =(m 1b +m2)a t , where m 1b Need to be calculated later;

[0055] Three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 real-time crushing speed V 1r (The relative speed difference between the accelerated object 4 and the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 provides a continuous crushing force to the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator 3 through the existence of the speed difference)

[0056] V 1r =V1-V2=V1-at t;

[0057] The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the uncompressed tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 (mass m 1a The real-time speed of the part is

[0058] Three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 real-time compression length

[0059] Real-time speed of accelerated object 4

[0060] Real-time movement distance of accelerated object 4

[0061] Based on the above formula, the mass of the compressed part of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 can be calculated by substituting

[0062] Substitute the above formula into the real-time acceleration of the accelerated object 4 And let a2=a t , we can calculate F pl The curve of the change of compression length of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator over time (such as Figure 4 and 5 This is an embodiment of the F obtained by finite element calculation after designing the platform stress according to the above formula. pl Curve of the compressed length (displacement) of the acceleration device as the three-level impact force is converted).

[0063] Based on the above analysis, it can be obtained that the platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator If the obtained platform stress curve is not convenient for engineering structure design, then return to adjust the initial design parameters and perform iterative optimization design to obtain a platform stress curve that is convenient for engineering implementation. Then, the specific structural density ρ of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is designed based on the platform stress curve. I , cross-sectional area A I , total compression distance L I , total length L total , total mass m1.

[0064] In another embodiment, the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P′, and pushes the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 to perform acceleration movement with a constant gas thrust F0′. After accelerating to a preset speed, it hits the third-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and the accelerated object 4 connected thereto. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 is A, and the relationship between the air pressure P′ and the gas thrust F0′ is as follows: F′0=P′×A.

[0065] The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is connected to the accelerated object 4. The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas accelerator 1 and impacts the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the accelerated object 4 connected thereto. The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 is accelerated with an acceleration of a′0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V′0. After passing a distance L0′, the initial impact speed V′ 1initial When the gas thrust provided by the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is constant, the gas thrust F0′, the acceleration a′0 of the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2, the moving distance L0′ of the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2, and the initial impact velocity V′ of the second-stage rigid impact loading block 2 are all equal to the impact force conversion accelerator 3 and the accelerated object 4. 1initial The relationship between them is as follows:

[0066] a′0=F′0 / m0;

[0067]

[0068] According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object 4 t and acceleration duration target value t t , the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object 4 under constant acceleration can be calculated t , the accelerated object 4 moves away from the target value L t , speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual accelerated object reaches (or approaches) the acceleration target value a t .

[0069] The initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator include: the device structure density ρ′ I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1.

[0070] Device structure density ρ′ I , device cross-sectional area A′ I and the total length of the device L' total It can be used to determine the total mass m'1 of the device. Similarly, when the total mass m'1 of the device is determined first, the total length L' of the device can also be determined based on it. total , thereby determining the total distance L' that the device can be compressed I .

[0071] According to the total kinetic energy of the device (secondary rigid impact loading block 2, third-level impact force conversion acceleration device 3 and accelerated object 4) after the same speed And the compression work of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 (first approximate estimate) Get the initial velocity of the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 before impact (This is the design minimum value. In actual design, a design margin of more than 5% should be considered as needed).

[0072] The real-time calculation value calculation process of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 is as follows:

[0073] In order to ensure the acceleration of the accelerated object 4 is constant, the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is used to convert the real-time crushing force F' pl =(m′ 1b +m′2)a t , where m 1b Need to be calculated later;

[0074] Real-time crushing speed V′ of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 1r (The relative speed difference between the accelerated object 4 and the secondary rigid impact loading block 2 provides a continuous crushing force to the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator 3 through the existence of the speed difference)

[0075] V′ 1r =V′1-V′2=V′1-a t t;

[0076] The secondary rigid impact loading block 2 and the uncompressed tertiary impact force conversion acceleration device 3 (mass m 1a The real-time speed of the part is ,It should be pointed out that since m′1 is much smaller than m′0, the initial velocity of the two after being at the same speed will not significantly attenuate relative to the velocity of the secondary rigid impact loading block 2;

[0077] Three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device 3 real-time compression

[0078] Real-time speed of accelerated object 4

[0079] Real-time movement distance of accelerated object 4

[0080] Based on the above formula, the mass of the compression part of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 can be calculated

[0081] Substitute the above formula into the real-time acceleration of the accelerated object 4 And let a′2=a t , we can calculate F′ pl Change curve of the compression length of the accelerator with time or three-level impact force conversion.

[0082] Based on the above analysis, it can be obtained that the platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator If the obtained platform stress curve is not convenient for engineering structure design, then return to adjust the initial design parameters and perform iterative optimization design to obtain a platform stress curve that is convenient for engineering implementation. Then, the specific device structure density ρ′ of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is designed based on the platform stress curve. I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1.

[0083] In one embodiment, the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure, an origami structure or other lightweight and high-strength lattice structure. The deviation between the actual platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator 3 during dynamic compression and the design value does not exceed a set threshold value, for example, the threshold value can be within 20%.

[0084] Preferably, the first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is a supercritical CO2 pneumatic loading device. In one embodiment, a control system is further included to control the timing and release pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device 1. The first-stage gas acceleration device 1 is released after the pressure reaches a set value.

[0085] Traditional acceleration devices apply power from a power source directly to an object requiring high acceleration to achieve high-acceleration motion. The long-duration, high-acceleration acceleration device in this application includes a first-stage gas accelerator, a second-stage rigid impact loading block, and an accelerated object. The first-stage gas accelerator provides initial acceleration power. The second-stage rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas accelerator and then collides with the accelerated object. A third-stage impact force conversion accelerator is positioned between the second-stage rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object to withstand the impact, thereby achieving long-term, stable, high-acceleration acceleration of the accelerated object. The magnitude, stability, and duration of this acceleration are independent of the power source power and power output stability of the entire device. They depend solely on whether the second-stage rigid impact loading block and the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator can be accelerated to a sufficient speed and kinetic energy, and whether the impact force transmitted by the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator is appropriately configured. Accelerating the second-stage rigid impact loading block to a preset speed by the first-stage gas accelerator can be achieved by adjusting the acceleration distance, without requiring either acceleration magnitude or stability. Since the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator undergoes compressive plastic deformation during the acceleration process, by reasonably designing the load required for the compressive deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, that is, adjusting the structural density or cross-sectional area of ​​the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, long-term high-overload stable acceleration of the accelerated object can be effectively achieved. The acceleration usage range of this application can reach up to 20,000g or more.

[0086] Example 1: (Please refer to Figure 6-10 )

[0087] 1. The design and input parameters of the accelerated object, the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator are shown in the following table:

[0088] <![CDATA[Mass m2 (kg) of the object to be accelerated]]> 30 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963 <![CDATA[Three - stage impact force conversion and acceleration device Mass m1 (kg)]]> 30 <![CDATA[Total length L of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device total (m)]]> 1 <![CDATA[The total compressible distance L of the three - stage impact force conversion and acceleration device I (m)]]> 0.5 <![CDATA[Mass m0 (kg) of the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 300 <![CDATA[Acceleration a0 (m / s 2 )]]> 10000 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963

[0089] 2. The design output parameters of the secondary rigid impact loading block and the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator are shown in the following table:

[0090] <![CDATA[Crushing force F required at the initial acceleration moment of the three - stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_initial (kN)]]> 7500 <![CDATA[Crushing force F required at the end of acceleration of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_end (kN)]]> 15000 <![CDATA[Gas thrust force F0 (kN) required for the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 3300 <![CDATA[Minimum velocity V of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision 1initial (m / s)]]> 557 <![CDATA[Acceleration time t0 (s) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 0.0557 <![CDATA[Acceleration distance d0 (m) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 15.5

[0091] Based on the above input and output, and after iterative optimization, we can obtain the real-time crushing force curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time speed curve of the second-stage buffer loading fast, and the time curve of the accelerated object's acceleration stability. For details, please refer to Figure 6-9 In this embodiment, according to Figure 9 and 10 The comparison results show that, by using the device of this application and the relevant parameter conditions, the accelerated object can finally achieve an acceleration that is stable at 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , the duration is 2ms. Considering the fluctuation of the crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator under actual dynamic load, it can also achieve a duration of more than 80% of the peak acceleration for 2ms. If the pressure of the high-pressure chamber is directly applied to the accelerated object, its acceleration can only reach 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , while 1.5x10 5 m / s 2 The above duration is also no more than 1ms. It can be seen that the acceleration device of the present application can achieve long-sequence high acceleration and stable acceleration of the accelerated object in the test bomb bay experiment.

[0092] Example 2: (Please refer to Figure 12-16 )

[0093] 1. The design and input parameters of the accelerated object, the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator are shown in the following table:

[0094] <![CDATA[Mass m2 (kg) of the object to be accelerated]]> 30 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963 <![CDATA[Three - stage impact force conversion and acceleration device mass m′1 (kg)]]> 15 <![CDATA[Total length L' of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device total (m)]]> 1 <![CDATA[The total compressible distance L' of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device I (m)]]> 0.55 <![CDATA[Mass m'0 (kg) of the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 300 <![CDATA[Acceleration a′0 (m / s 2 ) before the collision of the secondary rigid impact loading block 10000 <![CDATA[Cross-sectional area A (m 2 )]]> 0.1963

[0095] 2. The design output parameters of the secondary rigid impact loading block and the tertiary impact force conversion accelerator are shown in the following table:

[0096] <![CDATA[Crushing force F' required at the initial acceleration moment of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_initial (kN)]]> 7500 <![CDATA[Crushing force F' required at the end of acceleration of the three-stage impact force conversion and acceleration device pl_end (kN)]]> 11250 <![CDATA[Gas thrust force F'0 (kN) required for the secondary rigid impact loading block]]> 3000 <![CDATA[Minimum velocity V′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision 1initial (m / s)]]> 595 <![CDATA[Acceleration time t′0 (s) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 0.595 <![CDATA[Acceleration distance d′0 (m) of the secondary rigid impact loading block before collision]]> 17.7

[0097] Based on the above input and output, and after iterative optimization, we can obtain the real-time crushing force curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time compression curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator, the real-time speed curve of the second-stage buffer loading fast, and the time curve of the accelerated object's acceleration stability. For details, please refer to Figure 12-16 In this embodiment, according to Figure 16 and 17 The comparison results show that, by using the device of this application and the relevant parameter conditions, the accelerated object can finally achieve an acceleration that is stable at 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , the duration is 2ms. Considering the fluctuation of the crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator under actual dynamic load, it can also achieve a duration of more than 80% of the peak acceleration for 2ms. If the pressure of the high-pressure chamber is directly applied to the accelerated object, its acceleration can only reach 2.5x10 5 m / s 2 , while 1.5x10 5 m / s 2 The duration of the above is no more than 1ms. Compared to the method of Example 1, Example 2 has a lighter total mass during the initial gas-propelled acceleration process, and the front-end air-contact drag structure is simpler, but both methods can achieve the same experimental objectives. Thus, it can be seen that the acceleration device of this application can achieve long-sequence high-acceleration stable acceleration of the accelerated object in the test bomb bay experiment.

Claims

1. A long-time high-acceleration acceleration device, characterized in that: include: A first-level gas accelerator, a second-level rigid impact loading block and an accelerated object, wherein the first-level gas accelerator is used to provide initial acceleration power, the second-level rigid impact loading block is accelerated to a preset speed by the first-level gas accelerator and then collides with the accelerated object, and a third-level impact force conversion accelerator is provided between the second-level rigid impact loading block and the accelerated object to withstand the impact, the third-level impact force conversion accelerator is a compressive plastic deformation body, the mass of the accelerated object is m2, the total mass of the third-level impact force conversion accelerator is m1, and during the deformation process of the third-level impact force conversion accelerator, the speed of the contact end with the second-level rigid impact loading block is V1, and the mass is m 1a The speed of the contact end with the accelerated object is V2 and the mass is m 1b , during the deformation process m 1b Gradually increase the crushing force F required for the compression deformation of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device pl As it increases, the compression length and crushing force of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are controlled to ensure the target acceleration a of the accelerated object. t Constant over the expected time.

2. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the two-stage rigid impact loading block are accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas accelerator and then collide with the accelerated object. The first-stage gas accelerator is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P and pushes the two-stage rigid impact loading block and the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator to perform accelerated motion with a constant thrust F0. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the two-stage rigid impact loading block is A. The relationship between the air pressure P and the gas thrust F0 is as follows: F0 = P × A.

3. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-stage impact force conversion accelerator accelerates with acceleration a0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0. After the distance L0, the initial impact speed V 1initial Colliding with the accelerated object, gas thrust F0, three-stage impact force conversion accelerator acceleration a0, three-stage impact force conversion accelerator movement distance L0, three-stage impact force conversion accelerator initial impact speed V 1initial The relationship between them is as follows: a0=F0 / (m0+m1); According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t And the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the target acceleration value a t .

4. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: After being accelerated to a preset speed by the first-stage gas accelerator, the second-stage rigid impact loading block collides with the third-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the accelerated object connected thereto. The first-stage gas accelerator is a pneumatic loading device, which releases gas with a pressure of P′ and pushes the second-stage rigid impact loading block to accelerate with a constant gas thrust F0′. The pressure-bearing area of ​​the second-stage rigid impact loading block is A. The relationship between the air pressure P′ and the gas thrust F0′ is as follows: F′0=P′×A.

5. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary rigid impact loading block accelerates with acceleration a′0, and the real-time speed during the movement is V0′. After passing the distance L0′, it moves with the initial impact speed V′ 1initial Colliding with the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator and the accelerated object, the gas thrust F0′, the acceleration a′0 of the secondary rigid impact loading block, the movement distance L0′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block, and the initial impact velocity V′ of the secondary rigid impact loading block 1initial The relationship between them is as follows: a′0=F′0 / m′0; According to the acceleration target value a of the accelerated object t and acceleration duration target value t t , calculate the maximum speed target value V of the accelerated object under constant acceleration t And the target value L of the accelerated object's moving distance t , maximum speed target value V t and distance target value L t Used to determine whether the actual acceleration of the accelerated object reaches the acceleration target value a t .

6. The long-time-sequence high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: Based on experience, the initial design input values ​​of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator include: structural density ρ′ I , cross-sectional area A′ I , total compression distance L′ I , total length L′ total , total mass m′1, and the crushing force and displacement variation curve of the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator are obtained through iterative optimization calculation, and then the platform stress curve that meets the engineering structure design is obtained. According to the platform stress curve, the structural density or cross-sectional area design value required for the three-stage impact force conversion accelerator is determined.

7. The long-time-sequence high-acceleration acceleration device according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that: The three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device is a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure or an origami structure, and the deviation between the actual platform stress of the three-stage impact force conversion acceleration device and the design value during dynamic compression does not exceed a set threshold.

8. The long-time-sequence high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level gas acceleration device and the second-level rigid impact loading block are sealed and connected via a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged on the second-level rigid impact loading block.

9. The long-time high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage gas acceleration device is a supercritical CO2 pneumatic loading device.

10. The long-time-sequence high-acceleration acceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a control system for controlling the timing and release pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device. After the pressure of the first-stage gas acceleration device reaches a set value, it is released to push the accelerated object to perform accelerated motion.

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