A test system and method for high water pressure water-rich stratum pipe jacking construction evaluation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of underground structure construction, in particular to a test system and method for pipe jacking construction evaluation of high water pressure water-rich stratum, which comprises a test system mainly composed of a test box, a pipeline, a grouting device, a pushing device, a monitoring device and a water injection device, and the structure cooperation between the test box, the pipeline, the grouting device, the pushing device, the monitoring device and the water injection device can effectively simulate the test environment of grouting under high water pressure water-rich stratum, and provide comprehensive data basis for the evaluation of the pressure influence of slurry on the pipeline during pipe jacking construction, and the influence of different slurry ratios, different grouting hole arrangement forms and different grouting times on the drag reduction effect, so as to achieve the technical effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground structure construction technology, specifically to a test system and method for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high water pressure and water-rich strata. Background Technology

[0002] Slurry-balanced pipe jacking is an advanced trenchless construction technology in underground structure construction engineering. It has advantages such as fast construction speed, high construction accuracy, and small construction disturbance. It is widely used in urban water supply and drainage systems, natural gas and oil pipelines, and the laying of communication and power cables. However, when encountering high water pressure and water-rich strata during pipe jacking construction, many problems will be faced, including unstable strata, increased pipeline advancement resistance, and soil erosion. These problems not only increase the construction difficulty but may also lead to engineering accidents.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, grouting technology has become an important auxiliary construction method in pipe jacking. Grouting technology is widely used to improve geological conditions, reduce construction resistance, and prevent soil erosion. By injecting grout into the stratum, the stability of the stratum can be enhanced, the frictional resistance during pipe jacking can be reduced, and the construction environment can be improved. However, in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata, when the grout displaces groundwater, the groundwater will also dilute the grout. It is necessary to continuously test and adjust parameters such as the grouting ratio to achieve a better drag reduction effect. At the same time, grouting is difficult under water-rich conditions, and the grouting pressure often increases. A large grouting pressure may threaten the safety of the pipeline, such as partial or overall pipe floating, misalignment, cracking, etc. Therefore, it is also necessary to evaluate the impact of grouting pressure on the pipe segments. Thus, how to evaluate the impact of grouting pressure and the drag reduction effect of grout in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata has become a key technical problem that needs to be solved in pipe jacking construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a test system and method for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high water pressure and water-rich formations, so as to achieve the technical effect of providing comprehensive data support for evaluating the influence of grouting pressure and the drag reduction effect of grout in high water pressure and water-rich formations.

[0005] The first aspect of this invention discloses a test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations, comprising:

[0006] Test chamber, the test chamber including accommodating space;

[0007] The pipeline includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section connected to each other, the first pipe section and the second pipe section being disposed within the accommodating space;

[0008] The grouting device includes interconnected grouting components and grouting holes, the grouting holes being disposed on the second pipe section;

[0009] A jacking device, comprising a thrust rod and a thrust rod controller, wherein the thrust rod and the thrust rod controller are electrically connected, and wherein the jacking device pushes the pipe to move;

[0010] The monitoring device includes a data acquisition unit, a first sensor, a second sensor, and a third sensor. The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor, respectively. The first sensor is disposed within the accommodating space and acquires data on the additional pressure generated by the grout compaction of the soil. The second sensor is disposed within the accommodating space and acquires data on the additional pressure caused by grout seepage. The third sensor is disposed on the first pipe section and acquires data on the pressure of the grout acting on the pipe.

[0011] Water injection device, which is connected to the accommodating space.

[0012] Preferably, the pipeline includes several interconnected first pipe sections and second pipe sections, and the several first pipe sections and second pipe sections are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0013] Preferably, the pipeline further includes a third pipe section, one end of which is connected to the first or second pipe section and the other end of which is connected to the jacking device, and the third pipe section is disposed outside the accommodating space.

[0014] Preferably, the first sensor includes a plurality of first sensors, which are disposed above the pipeline, and each first sensor is distributed within the range of the additional pressure generated by the hydraulically compacted soil.

[0015] The second sensor comprises several units, which are disposed above the pipe, and each second sensor is distributed within the range of the additional pressure caused by the slurry seepage.

[0016] Preferably, the jacking device further includes: a flange, a reaction wall, one end of the thrust rod being connected to the flange and the other end being connected to the reaction wall.

[0017] Preferably, the test chamber includes: a base plate, on which a first side plate, a second side plate, a third side plate, and a fourth side plate are sequentially connected, and the first side plate and the third side plate are arranged opposite to each other, and the second side plate and the fourth side plate are arranged opposite to each other; wherein, the oppositely arranged first side plate and the third side plate are respectively provided with mounting holes, and the two mounting holes are respectively correspondingly arranged, or the oppositely arranged second side plate and the fourth side plate are respectively provided with mounting holes, and the two mounting holes are respectively correspondingly arranged.

[0018] Preferably, the base plate is made of steel plate; the first side plate and the third side plate are made of transparent plexiglass, and the second side plate and the fourth side plate are made of steel plate; or, the first side plate and the third side plate are made of steel plate, and the second side plate and the fourth side plate are made of transparent plexiglass.

[0019] Preferably, there are four grouting holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second pipe section; or, there are six grouting holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second pipe section.

[0020] Preferably, the grouting assembly further includes: a grouting pump; and a grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pump is connected to the grouting hole through the grouting pipe.

[0021] This invention utilizes a test system comprised of a test chamber, pipelines, grouting devices, jacking devices, monitoring devices, and water injection devices. Through the structural coordination among these components, it effectively simulates the test environment for grouting in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata. Furthermore, it provides comprehensive data for evaluating the impact of grout on pipeline pressure during pipe jacking construction, as well as the effects of different grout mix ratios, different grouting hole arrangements, and different grouting times on drag reduction.

[0022] The second aspect of this invention discloses a test method for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations. This method is applied to a test system used for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations, and includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Fill the test chamber with soil and compact it so that the upper surface of the compacted soil is flush with the lower surface of the mounting hole.

[0024] Step 2: Install the pipe into the chamber of the test chamber through the mounting holes and connect the pipe to the jacking device;

[0025] Step 3: Continue to fill the test chamber with soil and compact it. Set up the first and second sensors above the pipe and connect the first, second and third sensors to the data acquisition unit.

[0026] Step 4: Start the water injection device to inject water into the backfill to the designed water level, and record the first data collected by the first sensor, the second sensor and the third sensor;

[0027] Step 5: Without grouting, start the jacking device to move the pipe and record the first jacking force;

[0028] Step 6: Start the grouting device to inject grout into the backfill, and record the second set of data collected by the first, second, and third sensors;

[0029] Step 7: Turn off the grouting device, start the jacking device to push the pipe forward, and record the second jacking force;

[0030] Step 8: Repeat steps 1-7 above by changing the grout mix ratio, the arrangement of grouting holes, and the grouting time.

[0031] The present invention can collect data on the impact of grout on pipeline pressure during pipe jacking construction and the impact of different grout ratios, different grouting hole arrangements, and different grouting times on drag reduction effect through the above-described method steps. At the same time, by changing parameters such as grout ratio, grouting hole arrangement, and grouting time, the above method steps can be repeated to obtain data from multiple tests, thereby obtaining the optimal parameters for grout ratio, grouting hole arrangement, and grouting time. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram from a first perspective of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from a second perspective of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram from a third perspective disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram from a fourth perspective disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first type of second pipe section disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second type of second pipe section disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure Labels

[0040] 1-Test chamber, 11-Base plate, 12-First side plate, 13-Second side plate, 14-Third side plate, 15-Fourth side plate, 16-Water outlet, 17-Mounting hole, 18-Waterstop ring;

[0041] 2-Pipeline, 21-First pipe section, 22-Second pipe section, 23-Third pipe section;

[0042] 3-Grouting device, 31-Grouting hole, 32-Grouting pipe, 33-Grouting pump;

[0043] 4-Pushing device, 41-Flange, 42-Thrust rod, 43-Reaction wall, 44-Thrust rod controller;

[0044] 5-Monitoring device, 51-Data acquisition unit, 52-First sensor, 53-Second sensor, 54-Third sensor;

[0045] 6-Water injection device, 61-Water storage tank, 62-Water injection pump, 63-Water injection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In this invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," and "outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0048] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0051] The inventive concept of this invention is as follows: Due to the instability of the strata, increased pipeline advancing resistance, and soil erosion in existing pipe jacking construction, construction difficulties are high, potentially leading to engineering accidents. To address these issues, auxiliary construction methods such as grouting are needed in pipe jacking. However, during the grouting process, parameters such as grout mix ratio and grouting pressure can affect the drag reduction effect on the pipeline and the pipeline itself. Therefore, how to evaluate the impact of grouting pressure and the drag reduction effect of grout in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata has become a key technical problem that needs to be solved in pipe jacking construction. This example provides an improvement by offering a test system and method for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, as detailed below: Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1-6 The test system shown is for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata, comprising: a test chamber 1, which includes a accommodating space; a pipe 2, which includes a first pipe section 21 and a second pipe section 22 connected to each other, the first pipe section 21 and the second pipe section 22 being disposed within the accommodating space; a grouting device 3, which includes interconnected grouting components and grouting holes 31, the grouting holes 31 being disposed on the second pipe section 22; and a jacking device 4, which includes a thrust rod 42 and a thrust rod controller 44, the thrust rod 42 and the thrust rod controller 44 being electrically connected, wherein the jacking device 4 pushes the pipe 2 to move. The monitoring device 5 includes a data acquisition unit 51, a first sensor 52, a second sensor 53, and a third sensor 54. The data acquisition unit 51 is electrically connected to the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53, and the third sensor 54, respectively. The first sensor 52 is installed in the accommodating space and collects the additional pressure data generated by the grout compaction of the soil. The second sensor 53 is installed in the accommodating space and collects the additional pressure data caused by grout seepage. The third sensor 54 is installed on the first pipe section 21 and collects the pressure data of the grout acting on the pipe. The water injection device 6 is connected to the accommodating space.

[0053] The experimental system provided in this embodiment mainly consists of a test chamber 1, a pipeline 2, a grouting device 3, a jacking device 4, a monitoring device 5, and a water injection device 6. First, a test chamber 1 with a accommodating space is set up, and various experimental equipment, such as test fill soil, test pipeline 2, and various sensors, are loaded into the test chamber 1, providing sufficient preparation conditions for the experiment. Then, by connecting the water injection device 6 to the accommodating space of the test chamber 1, water is injected into the test fill soil within the accommodating space through the water injection device 6 to simulate the environment of a high-water-pressure, water-rich stratum. The grouting device 3 is formed by interconnecting grouting components and grouting holes 31. The grouting holes 31 are set on the second pipe section 22, and the second pipe section 22 is connected to the grouting device 3. The second pipe section 22 is set within the accommodating space, allowing grout (specifically, cement grout) to be injected into the test fill within the accommodating space through grouting holes 31 via the grouting assembly. By selecting different grout raw materials, controlling the grouting time of the grouting assembly, and adjusting the arrangement of the grouting holes 31 on the second pipe section 22, the preconditions for different grout ratios, different grouting hole arrangements, and different grouting times can be simulated. Therefore, the combined use of the water injection device 6 and the grouting device 3 can simulate the required test conditions during grouting construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich strata. Furthermore, the data acquisition unit 51 communicates with the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53, and the third sensor 54 via electrical signals. The monitoring device 5, consisting of a first sensor 52 located within the accommodating space, collects data on the additional pressure generated by the grout-compacted soil and transmits it to the data acquisition unit 51. A second sensor 53 is also located within the accommodating space, collecting data on the additional pressure caused by grout seepage and transmitting it to the data acquisition unit 51. A third sensor 54 is mounted on the first pipe section 21, which is also located within the accommodating space. This sensor collects data on the pressure of the grout acting on the pipe 2 and transmits it to the data acquisition unit 51. The pressure effect of the grout on the pipe 2 refers to the impact of grouting on the pipe pressure, which can be mainly divided into three... The components are: 1) the pressure of the grout directly acting on the pipeline; 2) the additional pressure generated by the grout compacting the soil (the additional pressure generated by the grout compacting the soil refers to the additional pressure exerted on the surrounding soil by the high-pressure grout during the grouting reinforcement process); and 3) the additional pressure caused by grout seepage (the additional pressure caused by grout seepage refers to the additional pressure generated in the soil or rock during grouting operations, due to the flow and diffusion of the grout through the pores and cracks of the soil or rock). Therefore, by setting the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53, and the third sensor 54, the data can be quantified to provide test data for evaluating the impact of grouting on the pressure around the pipeline 2.Finally, a jacking device consisting of a thrust rod 42 and a thrust rod controller 44 is used. The thrust rod controller 44 controls the thrust rod 42 to push the pipe forward. Therefore, by obtaining the jacking force set in the thrust rod controller 44, the jacking force data for each movement of the pipe 2 can be obtained. For example, the difference between the jacking force data required for jacking without grouting and jacking after grouting can be used for evaluation, thereby completing the evaluation of the drag reduction effect. This provides experimental data for assessing the impact of different grout ratios, different grouting hole arrangements 31, and grouting time on the drag reduction effect.

[0054] In summary, this experimental system, through the cooperation of various components such as test chamber 1, pipeline 2, grouting device 3, jacking device 4, monitoring device 5, and water injection device 6, can effectively simulate the test conditions for grouting under high water pressure and water-rich strata. It also provides comprehensive data for evaluating the impact of grout on pipeline pressure during pipe jacking construction, as well as the impact of different grout ratios, different grouting hole arrangements, and different grouting times on drag reduction.

[0055] To ensure more thorough injection of the grout into the backfill and to make the collected pressure data of the grout acting on the pipeline more accurate, in this preferred embodiment, the pipeline 2 includes several interconnected first pipe sections 21 and second pipe sections 22, and the several first pipe sections 21 and second pipe sections 22 are arranged alternately in sequence. Specifically, the pipeline 2 includes five first pipe sections 21 and five second pipe sections 22. The five first pipe sections 21 include first pipe section a, first pipe section b, first pipe section c, first pipe section d, and first pipe section e, and the five second pipe sections 22 include second pipe section a. The second pipe section b, the second pipe section c, the second pipe section d, and the second pipe section e are arranged in a way that alternatingly arranges several first pipe sections 21 and second pipe sections 22 by connecting the first pipe section a and the second pipe section a, connecting the second pipe section a to the first pipe section b, connecting the first pipe section b to the second pipe section b, connecting the second pipe section b to the first pipe section c, connecting the first pipe section c to the second pipe section c, connecting the second pipe section c to the first pipe section d, connecting the first pipe section d to the second pipe section d, connecting the second pipe section d to the first pipe section e, and connecting the first pipe section e to the second pipe section e.

[0056] In this embodiment, the pipe 2 is first configured to consist of multiple first pipe sections 21 and second pipe sections 22. Since the pipe 2 has multiple first pipe sections 21 and second pipe sections 22, and each first pipe section 21 is equipped with a third sensor 54, and each second pipe section 22 is equipped with a grouting hole 31, the number of grouting holes 31 and third sensors 54 can be increased. Furthermore, by alternately arranging multiple first pipe sections 21 and multiple second pipe sections 22, this arrangement allows for a relatively reasonable distribution of the number of grouting holes 31 and third sensors 54 within the limited length of the pipe 2 (i.e., maximizing the number of grouting holes 31 and third sensors 54 within the limited length of the pipe 2). To maximize the number of grouting holes 31 and third sensors 54, firstly, by arranging as many grouting holes 31 as possible on the finite length of the pipe 2, grout can be injected into the test fill in the containment space from multiple directions through the multiple grouting holes 31, thereby making the injected grout more fully and evenly distributed in the fill. Secondly, by arranging as many third sensors 54 as possible on the finite length of the pipe 2, multiple sets of pressure data of the grout acting on the pipe 2 can be collected through the multiple third sensors 54, and the analysis of multiple sets of pressure data can make the collected pressure data of the grout acting on the pipe 2 more accurate.

[0057] To prevent damage to the test chamber during the pushing process of the pipe by the jacking device, this embodiment further includes a third pipe section 23. One end of the third pipe section 23 is connected to the first pipe section 21 or the second pipe section 22, and the other end is connected to the jacking device 4. The third pipe section 23 is located outside the accommodating space. Specifically, there are four third pipe sections 23, namely third pipe section a, third pipe section b, third pipe section c, and third pipe section d. Third pipe section a and third pipe section b are connected, and third pipe section b is connected to the first pipe section a. Third pipe section a and third pipe section b are located outside the accommodating space. Third pipe section c and third pipe section d are connected, and third pipe section c is connected to the second pipe section e. Third pipe section c and third pipe section d are located outside the accommodating space. The jacking device 4 is connected to third pipe section a or third pipe section d.

[0058] In this example, the pipe 2 also includes a third pipe section 23. One end of the third pipe section 23 is connected to the first pipe section 21 or the second pipe section 22, and the other end is connected to the jacking device 4. When the jacking device 4 pushes the pipe 2 to move, the jacking force generated by the jacking device 4 will first act on the third pipe section 23, and then be transmitted to the first pipe section 21 or the second pipe section 22 connected to the third pipe section 23, thereby driving the pipe 2 to move. Through the buffering effect of the third pipe section 23 in the middle, the jacking force may be dispersed on the test chamber 1 when the jacking device 4 directly acts on the first pipe section 21 or the second pipe section 22 set in the accommodating space, thus avoiding the deficiency that the jacking force may be dispersed on the test chamber 1 and cause damage to the test chamber 1.

[0059] To ensure greater accuracy in collecting data on the additional pressure generated by the grout compaction and the additional pressure caused by grout seepage, this embodiment preferably includes several first sensors 52, each positioned above the pipe 2 and distributed within the range of the additional pressure generated by the grout compaction. Specifically, six first sensors 52 are positioned above the pipe 2 in the backfill, and each is distributed within the range of the additional pressure generated by the grout compaction. Similarly, several second sensors 53 are positioned above the pipe 2, and each is distributed within the range of the additional pressure caused by grout seepage. Again, six second sensors 53 are positioned above the pipe 2 in the backfill, and each is distributed within the range of the additional pressure caused by grout seepage.

[0060] In this embodiment, by setting up multiple first sensors 52 and second sensors 53, multiple grouting holes 31 inject multiple streams of grout into the fill during the grouting process. The grout generates additional pressure on the fill due to the compaction of the grout. Therefore, by setting up multiple first sensors 52 and ensuring their positions are within the range of this additional pressure, the first sensors 52 can collect multiple sets of data on the additional pressure generated by the compacted grout. Analysis of these multiple sets of pressure data makes the collected data on the additional pressure generated by the compacted grout more accurate. Similarly, since the grout also generates additional pressure due to seepage, multiple second sensors 53, also positioned within the range of this additional pressure, can collect multiple sets of data on the additional pressure caused by seepage. Analysis of these multiple sets of pressure data makes the collected data on the additional pressure caused by seepage more accurate.

[0061] To ensure that the jacking force provided by the jacking device is applied more evenly to the pipeline, this embodiment further includes the jacking device 4, which also includes a flange 41, a reaction wall 43, and a thrust rod 42, one end of which is connected to the flange 41 and the other end of which is connected to the reaction wall 43. Specifically, to facilitate multiple jacking movements of the pipeline, the jacking device 4 includes two sets: the thrust rod 42 of the first set of jacking devices 4 is connected to the third pipe section a, and the thrust rod 42 of the second set of jacking devices 4 is connected to the third pipe section d.

[0062] In this embodiment, one end of the thrust rod 42 is connected to the flange 41 and the other end is connected to the reaction wall 43. First, the reaction wall 43 can provide a fulcrum when the thrust rod 42 applies a jacking force to the pipe 2. Second, the flange 41 can evenly apply the jacking force generated by the thrust rod 42 to the pipe 2. Therefore, through the interaction between the reaction wall 43 and the flange 41 on the thrust rod 42, the thrust rod 42 can apply the jacking force to the pipe 2 more evenly.

[0063] To enable the test chamber to accommodate various equipment used in the experiment, in this preferred embodiment, the test chamber 1 includes: a base plate 11, on which a first side plate 12, a second side plate 13, a third side plate 14, and a fourth side plate 15 are sequentially connected, with the first side plate 12 and the third side plate 14 facing each other, and the second side plate 13 and the fourth side plate 15 facing each other; wherein, the opposing first side plate 12 and the third side plate 14 are each provided with a mounting hole 17, and the two mounting holes 17 are respectively correspondingly provided. Specifically, the mounting holes 17 are provided on the first side plate 12... The position of the mounting hole 17 on the second side plate 13 corresponds to the position of the mounting hole 17 on the third side plate 14, that is, the line connecting the centers of the two mounting holes 17 is on a horizontal line. Alternatively, mounting holes 17 are provided on the second side plate 13 and the fourth side plate 15 respectively, and the two mounting holes 17 are respectively corresponding. Specifically, the position of the mounting hole 17 on the second side plate 13 corresponds to the position of the mounting hole 17 on the fourth side plate 15, that is, the line connecting the centers of the two mounting holes 17 is on a horizontal line.

[0064] In this example, a accommodating space is first formed inside the test chamber 1 by setting a first side plate 12, a second side plate 13, a third side plate 14, and a fourth side plate 15 connected in sequence on the base plate 11. The accommodating space can be used to load the test fill soil, various test sensors, etc. At the same time, by setting corresponding mounting holes 17 on the relatively set first side plate 12 and third side plate 14, or on the relatively set second side plate 13 and fourth side plate 15, the test pipe 2 can be installed into the accommodating space by passing it through the corresponding mounting holes 17 in sequence. Therefore, the structure of the test chamber 1 can be used to load various test equipment.

[0065] In order to ensure that the mechanical strength of the test chamber meets the requirements of filling and backfilling and to facilitate observation of the internal conditions of the test chamber, in this embodiment, the bottom plate 11 is preferably made of steel plate; the first side plate 12 and the third side plate 14 are made of transparent plexiglass, and the second side plate 13 and the fourth side plate 15 are made of steel plate; or, the first side plate 12 and the third side plate 14 are made of steel plate, and the second side plate 13 and the fourth side plate 15 are made of transparent plexiglass.

[0066] In this example, a base plate 11 and side plates made of steel plates are used, along with side plates made of transparent plexiglass. Since steel plates and transparent plexiglass have good mechanical properties, the enclosed space enclosed by the above materials has good mechanical properties that can meet the requirements for loading backfill. Secondly, due to the light transmission characteristics of transparent plexiglass, the internal conditions of the enclosed space during the test can be easily observed through the transparent side plates, such as the situation of water being injected into the backfill.

[0067] In order to meet the prerequisite test conditions for the arrangement of grouting holes, in this embodiment, it is preferred that there are four grouting holes 31, which are evenly arranged on the second pipe section 22 along the circumference; or, there are six grouting holes 31, which are evenly arranged on the second pipe section 22 along the circumference.

[0068] In this embodiment, by setting multiple (e.g., four or six) grouting holes 31 on the pipe 2 and arranging them evenly along the circumference of the pipe 2, the test prerequisites for different grouting hole 31 arrangement forms can be met.

[0069] In order to enable the grouting assembly to inject grout into the grouting hole, this embodiment further includes: a grouting pump 33; a grouting pipe 32, wherein the grouting pump 33 is connected to the grouting hole 31 through the grouting pipe 32.

[0070] In this embodiment, the grouting pipe 32 is connected to the grouting hole 31, so that the grouting pump 33 can transfer the grout to the grouting hole 31 through the grouting pipe 32, and the grouting of the backfill is completed through the grouting hole 31. Example 2

[0071] Example 2 provides a test method for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high water pressure and water-rich formations: applied to the test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high water pressure and water-rich formations as described in Example 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Fill the space of the test chamber 1 with soil and compact it so that the upper surface of the compacted soil is flush with the lower surface of the mounting hole 17; specifically, the upper surface of the soil and the plane at the bottom of the mounting hole are on the same horizontal plane.

[0073] Step 2: Install pipe 2 into the accommodating space of test chamber 1 through mounting hole 17, and connect pipe 2 to jacking device 4;

[0074] Step 3: Continue to fill the space of the test chamber 1 with soil and compact it. Set the first sensor 52 and the second sensor 53 above the pipe 2. Connect the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53 and the third sensor 54 to the data acquisition unit 51 for electrical signal connection.

[0075] Step 4: Start the water injection device 6 to inject water into the backfill to the designed water level, and record the first data collected by the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53 and the third sensor 54;

[0076] Step 5: Without grouting, start the jacking device 4 to push the pipe 2 to move, and record the first jacking force;

[0077] Step 6: Start the grouting device 3 to inject grout into the backfill, and record the second data collected by the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53 and the third sensor 54;

[0078] Step 7: Close the grouting device 3, start the jacking device 4 to jack the pipe 2 and record the second jacking force;

[0079] Step 8: Repeat steps 1-7 above by changing the grout mix ratio, the arrangement of grouting holes, and the grouting time.

[0080] In this embodiment, the test chamber 1 is first filled with backfill soil, and pipe 2 is installed. Pipe 2 is connected to the jacking device 4, and the first sensor 52, the second sensor 53, and the third sensor 54 are electrically connected to the data acquisition device 51. Then, water is injected into the test backfill soil in the test chamber through the water injection device 6 to simulate the environment of a high-water-pressure, water-rich stratum. The first sensor 52 collects the additional pressure data generated by the grout-compacted soil, the second sensor 53 collects the additional pressure data caused by grout seepage, and the third sensor 54 collects the pressure data of the grout acting on pipe 2. Next, without grouting, the jacking device 4 is started to push pipe 2 to move, and the first jacking force data is recorded. Then, the grouting device 3 is started again to inject grout into the backfill soil, and the data is recorded through the first sensor 52. Sensor 52 collects additional pressure data generated by the grout compaction of the soil for the second time; sensor 53 collects additional pressure data caused by grout seepage for the second time; sensor 54 collects pressure data of the grout acting on the pipe 2 for the second time. After grouting is completed, the jacking device 4 is started again to jack the pipe 2, and the jacking force for the second time is recorded. Through the above steps, data can be collected to evaluate the impact of grout on the pressure of pipe 2 during pipe jacking construction, as well as the impact of different grout ratios, different grouting hole arrangements, and different grouting times on the drag reduction effect. Finally, by changing the grout ratio, grouting hole arrangement, grouting time, and other parameters, the above steps are repeated to obtain data from multiple tests, thereby obtaining the optimal parameters for grout ratio, grouting hole arrangement, and grouting time.

[0081] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations, characterized in that, include: Test chamber (1), the test chamber (1) includes: Storage space; A base plate (11) is provided with a first side plate (12), a second side plate (13), a third side plate (14) and a fourth side plate (15) connected in sequence, wherein the first side plate (12) and the third side plate (14) are arranged opposite to each other, and the second side plate (13) and the fourth side plate (15) are arranged opposite to each other; The first side plate (12) and the third side plate (14) that are arranged opposite to each other are provided with mounting holes (17), and the two mounting holes (17) are respectively provided correspondingly; or the second side plate (13) and the fourth side plate (15) that are arranged opposite to each other are provided with mounting holes (17), and the two mounting holes (17) are respectively provided correspondingly. Pipeline (2), the pipeline (2) includes a first pipe section (21) and a second pipe section (22) connected to each other, the first pipe section (21) and the second pipe section (22) being disposed within the accommodating space; The pipeline (2) includes several interconnected first pipe sections (21) and second pipe sections (22), and the several first pipe sections (21) and second pipe sections (22) are arranged alternately in sequence; Grouting device (3), the grouting device (3) includes grouting components and grouting holes (31) that are interconnected, the grouting holes (31) being disposed on the second pipe section (22); A jacking device (4) includes a thrust rod (42) and a thrust rod controller (44), which are electrically connected. The jacking device (4) pushes the pipe (2) to move. A monitoring device (5) includes a data acquisition unit (51), a first sensor (52), a second sensor (53), and a third sensor (54), which are electrically connected to the first sensor (52), the second sensor (53), and the third sensor (54), respectively. The first sensor (52) is located in the accommodating space and collects the additional pressure data generated by the grout compaction of the soil. The second sensor (53) is located in the accommodating space and collects the additional pressure data caused by grout seepage. The third sensor (54) is located on the first pipe section (21) and collects the pressure data of the grout acting on the pipe. The jacking device (4) also includes: Flange (41). The reaction wall (43) has one end of the thrust rod (42) connected to the flange (41) and the other end connected to the reaction wall (43); Water injection device (6), which is connected to the accommodating space.

2. The test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe (2) further includes a third pipe section (23), one end of which is connected to the first pipe section (21) or the second pipe section (22), and the other end is connected to the jacking device (4), and the third pipe section (23) is located outside the accommodating space.

3. The test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sensor (52) includes several units, which are disposed above the pipe (2), and each first sensor (52) is distributed within the range of the additional pressure generated by the grout compaction of the soil; the second sensor (53) includes several units, which are disposed above the pipe (2), and each second sensor (53) is distributed within the range of the additional pressure caused by the grout seepage.

4. The test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (11) is made of steel plate; the first side plate (12) and the third side plate (14) are made of transparent plexiglass, and the second side plate (13) and the fourth side plate (15) are made of steel plate; or, the first side plate (12) and the third side plate (14) are made of steel plate, and the second side plate (13) and the fourth side plate (15) are made of transparent plexiglass.

5. The test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four grouting holes (31), which are evenly arranged on the second pipe section (22) along the circumference; or, there are six grouting holes (31), which are evenly arranged on the second pipe section (22) along the circumference.

6. The test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting assembly further includes: a grouting pump (33); a grouting pipe (32), wherein the grouting pump (33) is connected to the grouting hole (31) through the grouting pipe (32).

7. A test method for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations, characterized in that: The method, applied to the test system for evaluating pipe jacking construction in high-water-pressure, water-rich formations as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fill the space of the test chamber (1) with soil and compact it so that the upper surface of the compacted soil is flush with the lower surface of the mounting hole (17); Step 2: Install the pipe (2) into the accommodating space of the test chamber (1) through the mounting hole (17), and connect the pipe (2) to the jacking device (4); Step 3: Continue to fill the test chamber (1) with soil and compact it, and set the first sensor (52) and the second sensor (53) above the pipe (2). Connect the first sensor (52), the second sensor (53) and the third sensor (54) to the data acquisition unit (51) for electrical signal connection respectively. Step 4: Start the water injection device (6) to inject water into the backfill to the design water level, and record the first data collected by the first sensor (52), the second sensor (53) and the third sensor (54); Step 5: Without grouting, start the jacking device (4) to jack the pipe (2) and record the first jacking force; Step 6: Start the grouting device (3) to inject grout into the backfill and record the second data collected by the first sensor (52), the second sensor (53) and the third sensor (54); Step 7: Close the grouting device (3), start the jacking device (4) to jack the pipe (2) to move, and record the second jacking force; Step 8: Repeat steps 1-7 above by changing the grout mix ratio, the arrangement of grouting holes, and the grouting time.

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