Lightweight exploration equipment for rock-soil geological exploration and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rock-soil sampling and surveying equipment, in particular to light-weight surveying equipment for rock-soil geological surveying and a using method thereof.The light-weight surveying equipment for rock-soil geological surveying comprises a shell, a sleeve is movably installed in the middle of the bottom wall of the shell, and a movable rod is movably installed in the sleeve; the bottom end of the movable rod extends to the outside of the shell and is fixedly connected with a sampling barrel, the bottom end of the sampling barrel is uniformly and fixedly connected with a plurality of drill teeth, a working cylinder is fixedly mounted in the position, close to the upper portion of the sleeve, of the interior of the shell, and a compression cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side, close to the working cylinder, of the interior of the shell; spin valves are fixedly mounted on the upper sides and the lower sides of the inner side ends of the working air cylinders and the compression air cylinders correspondingly. The device has the beneficial effects of efficient sampling, device and motor protection, cooling and anti-attrition, convenient operation and the like. The device can be used for sampling rock and soil with different hardness, equipment is protected and the sampling barrel is cooled when encountering resistance, the operation mode is convenient to switch, and the device is also easy to lift after sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rock and soil sampling and surveying equipment, and in particular to a lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of engineering construction, the importance of geotechnical survey has become increasingly prominent. In the planning, design and construction of various projects, accurate understanding of the properties and structure of geotechnical materials is a key factor in ensuring the safety and stability of the project.

[0003] Traditional geotechnical survey equipment is often bulky and heavy, making it difficult to operate and transport in complex terrain environments. This not only increases the difficulty and cost of surveying, but may also make it impossible to conduct effective surveys in some special areas due to the limitations of the equipment.

[0004] In addition, for hard rock and soil, traditional equipment is often inefficient when drilling and sampling, and it is difficult to meet the needs of quickly and accurately obtaining rock and soil samples. Moreover, during the sampling process, the equipment is easily damaged by encountering hard objects, which not only affects the survey progress, but also increases the maintenance cost.

[0005] At the same time, traditional equipment lacks effective cooling and wear reduction measures during operation, which causes the sampling components to wear easily, reduces the service life of the equipment, and increases the frequency of equipment replacement.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a rock and soil geological survey equipment that is lightweight, efficient, has protection functions and cooling and wear reduction measures to meet the needs of modern engineering construction for rock and soil geological survey. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological survey and a method of use, which solves the problems that traditional rock and soil geological surveying equipment is bulky and heavy, inconvenient to operate and transport in complex terrain environments, difficult to meet the needs of quickly and accurately obtaining rock and soil samples for rock and soil with higher hardness, and lacks effective cooling and wear reduction measures, resulting in easy wear of sampling components and reducing the service life of the equipment.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological survey, comprising a shell, a sleeve is movably installed in the middle of the bottom wall of the shell, a movable rod is movably installed inside the sleeve, the bottom end of the movable rod extends to the outside of the shell and is fixedly connected to a sampling tube, and the bottom end of the sampling tube is evenly fixedly connected to a plurality of drill teeth, a working cylinder is fixedly installed at an upper position of the inside of the shell near the sleeve, a compression cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the inside of the shell near the working cylinder, and rotary valves are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the inner ends of the working cylinder and the compression cylinder, a protective shell is fixedly connected to the top of the shell, short shafts are movably installed on both sides of the inside of the protective shell, the bottom end of the short shaft on one side extends to the inside of the shell and a movable shaft is installed through a first magnetic coupler, a cylinder body is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the movable shaft, an inclined groove with a certain angle to the center axis of the cylinder body is provided on the outer diameter of the cylinder body, and an inclined bearing seat is movably installed in the inclined groove.

[0009] Preferably, a return spring is fixedly connected to the lower outer diameter of the movable rod, key slots are provided on both sides of the interior of the sleeve, splines are fixedly connected on both sides of the top end of the movable rod and the outer ends of the splines are movably arranged inside the key slots on the corresponding sides.

[0010] Preferably, a working piston is movably installed inside the working cylinder, a pressure rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the working piston, and the bottom end of the pressure rod extends to the inside of the sleeve and is fixedly connected to a hammer.

[0011] Preferably, a compression piston is movably installed inside the compression cylinder, a push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the compression piston and the bottom end of the push rod extends to the outside of the compression cylinder, and a first rocker arm is fixedly connected to one end of the inclined bearing seat close to the compression cylinder and the end of the first rocker arm is movably installed on the end of the push rod.

[0012] Preferably, a driven gear is fixedly mounted on the outer diameter of the short shaft, a DC motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective shell, the driving end of the DC motor extends into the interior of the protective shell and is fixedly mounted with a driving gear, and the two ends of the driving gear are respectively meshed and connected with the inner ends of the driven gear.

[0013] Preferably, a coolant storage tank is fixedly installed on one side of the inner bottom of the shell close to the movable shaft, a rubber piston is fixedly installed on the top of the coolant storage tank, and a second rocker arm is fixedly installed on one end of the inclined bearing seat close to the coolant storage tank, and the end of the second rocker arm is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber piston.

[0014] Preferably, two rubber valves with opposite opening directions are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner top of the coolant storage tank, the bottom end of the rubber valve on one side is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe and the end of the water inlet pipe extends to the inner bottom of the coolant storage tank, and the bottom end of the rubber valve on the other side is fixedly connected to a drain pipe and the end of the drain pipe passes through the outer wall of the coolant storage tank and the outer shell and extends to one side of the sampling tube, and the interior of the coolant storage tank is filled with coolant.

[0015] Preferably, a small gear is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the movable shaft near the lower side of the cylinder body, a compression spring is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the sleeve, a large gear is fixedly installed on the top of the compression spring, the outer diameters of the small gear and the large gear are connected by a gear belt, a retaining ring is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the sleeve near the upper position of the large gear, a plurality of engaging grooves are opened on the outer diameter of the retaining ring, and an engaging block is fixedly connected to the top of the large gear near each engaging groove.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the short shaft on the other side extends to the interior of the outer shell and is installed with a threaded rod through a second magnetic coupler, a movable block is threadedly connected on the outer diameter of the threaded rod, and support rods are fixedly connected on both sides of the bottom end of the movable block, and the bottom ends of the support rods extend to the outside of the outer shell and are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate.

[0017] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the upper side of the front end of the shell, a lever is movably provided inside the slide groove, the outer end of the lever extends to the outside of the shell and is fixedly connected to a lever block, the inner end of the lever is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, both sides of the interior of the mounting plate are fixedly connected to barrier plates, both sides of the shell are fixedly connected to handles, and a controller is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end of the shell.

[0018] A method for using a lightweight surveying device for rock and soil geological surveying comprises the following steps: Step 1: Move the device to the surface of the rock and soil to be surveyed and sampled, hold the handles on both sides with both hands to make the device stand up and the bottom end of the sampling tube touch the rock and soil surface, move the dial block to the right end of the slide, and press the device down with force; Step 2: Start the DC motor through the controller, the DC motor will drive the active gear to rotate and drive the driven gear to rotate, through the transmission of the short shaft, movable shaft, cylinder body, small gear, large gear and other structures, drive the sampling tube to rotate and vibrate up and down, realize the downward drilling sampling of rock and soil, and at the same time, the drain pipe will draw the coolant in the coolant storage tank and pour it on the outer surface of the sampling tube; Step 3: After completing the drilling sampling, move the shift block to the left end of the slide slot and start the DC motor again. The DC motor will drive the active gear to rotate and drive the driven gear to rotate. Through the transmission of the threaded rod, movable block, support rod and other structures, the support plate is driven to contact the surface of the rock and soil, and the device and the sampling tube are lifted upward. After completion, remove the sampling tube from the movable rod and take out the rock and soil inside.

[0019] Working principle: Move the device to the rock and soil surface to be surveyed and sampled, hold the handles on both sides with both hands to make the device stand up and the bottom end of the sampling tube against the rock and soil surface, move the shift block to the right end of the slide slot, and press the device down with force. When the shift block moves, it will drive the shift rod and the mounting plate to move, so that the blocking piece on the right side of the mounting plate extends into the second magnetic coupler, blocking the transmission force between the right short shaft and the threaded rod, and then start the DC motor, and drive the active gear to rotate through the DC motor to drive the driven gear and the short shaft to follow the rotation. When the left short shaft rotates, the first magnetic coupler is used to drive the movable shaft to follow the rotation. When the movable shaft rotates, it will drive the small gear to rotate, and use the transmission effect of the gear belt to drive the large gear to rotate. The large gear drives the sleeve to rotate through the action of the compression spring. The rotating sleeve uses the limiting effect of the keyway of the spline to drive the movable rod and the sampling tube to rotate, thereby realizing the drilling and sampling of rock and soil. At the same time, when the movable shaft rotates, it will also drive the cylinder body to rotate, because the outer diameter of the cylinder body is provided with an inclined groove at a certain angle to the center axis of the cylinder body. When the cylinder body rotates, the inclined bearing seat and the first and second swing arms at both ends will be driven to swing back and forth. When the first swing arm moves up and down, the push rod and the compression piston in the compression cylinder will be driven to move up and down, generating compressed air. The upper and lower rotary valves are operated to allow the compressed air to enter the upper or lower part of the working cylinder, thereby pushing the working piston to move up and down, and then driving the pressure rod and the hammer to reciprocate up and down. The limit effect of the return spring on the movable rod is used to make the hammer continuously strike the top of the movable rod, driving the movable rod and the sampling tube to vibrate up and down quickly. With the rotating sampling tube, the drilling sampling work of some rock and soil with higher hardness can be realized. When a hard object is encountered during the sampling process, the sampling tube will be stuck. At this time, the DC motor still maintains the force state, and the rotating large gear will continuously compress the compression spring, and the bite groove and the bite block will continuously disengage and engage. At this time, the sleeve and the sampling tube will no longer rotate and exert force, which can protect the sampling tube and the DC motor.

[0020] When the second swing arm reciprocates up and down, it will drive the rubber piston to rise and fall continuously. When the rubber piston is compressed, the volume of the cavity decreases, the air pressure increases, the left rubber valve is pressed and the right rubber valve is pushed open, and the coolant in the cavity is discharged from the cavity and discharged through the drain pipe. When the rubber piston recovers, the volume of the cavity increases and the air pressure decreases. The external air pressure will press the right rubber valve and push open the left rubber valve. The coolant in the coolant storage tank will enter the cavity of the rubber piston through the water inlet pipe under the effect of atmospheric pressure. The cycle is repeated, and the coolant is continuously extracted and poured on the outer surface of the sampling tube, thereby achieving the effect of cooling and reducing wear, and increasing the service life of the sampling tube.

[0021] After completing the sampling, move the shift block to the left end of the slide slot so that the barrier sheet on the left side of the mounting plate extends into the first magnetic coupler to block the transmission force between the left short shaft and the movable shaft. At this time, start the DC motor again to drive the short shaft to rotate through the transmission action of the driving gear and the driven gear, and then use the action of the second magnetic coupler to drive the threaded rod to rotate. The rotating threaded rod will drive the movable block to move downward, drive the support plate to move downward and contact the rock and soil surface, and use the reaction force to lift the device and the sampling tube upward. After completion, remove the sampling tube from the movable rod and take out the rock and soil inside.

[0022] The present invention provides a lightweight surveying device for rock and soil geological survey and a method of using the device. The device has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can drill holes and take samples of rock and soil through the cooperation of the sleeve, the movable rod and the sampling tube. The several drill teeth at the bottom of the sampling tube help to improve the penetration of rock and soil with different hardness, and can efficiently obtain rock and soil samples. The DC motor drives a series of transmission mechanisms such as the driving gear, the driven gear and the short shaft to realize the rotation of the sampling tube. With the rapid up and down vibration generated by the hammer hitting the movable rod, it can drill holes and take samples of some rock and soil with higher hardness, greatly improving the efficiency and application scope of rock and soil survey.

[0023] 2. When a hard object is encountered during the sampling process of the present invention, causing the sampling tube to be stuck, the rotating large gear will continuously compress the compression spring, and the engaging groove and the engaging block will continuously disengage and engage. At this time, the sleeve and the sampling tube will no longer rotate and exert force, effectively protecting the sampling tube from damage, while also avoiding damage to the DC motor due to overload, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] 3. The present invention facilitates the rotation of the cylinder body to drive the inclined bearing seat to swing back and forth up and down, thereby causing the second swing rod to drive the rubber piston to rise and fall continuously. When the rubber piston is compressed, the coolant in the coolant storage tank is discharged through the drain pipe and poured on the outer surface of the sampling cylinder. When the rubber piston recovers, the coolant will enter the rubber piston cavity through the water inlet pipe under the action of atmospheric pressure. This cycle is repeated to achieve the effect of cooling the sampling cylinder and reducing wear, thereby greatly improving the service life of the sampling cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sleeve in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the working cylinder in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the coolant storage tank in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting plate in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1. shell; 2. sleeve; 3. movable rod; 4. drill tooth; 5. return spring; 6. spline; 7. keyway; 8. working cylinder; 9. working piston; 10. pressure rod; 11. hammer; 12. compression cylinder; 13. compression piston; 14. push rod; 15. rotary valve; 16. protective shell; 17. short shaft; 18. driven gear; 19. DC motor; 20. driving gear; 21. first magnetic coupler; 22. movable shaft; 23. cylinder body; 24. inclined bearing seat; 25. first swing rod; 26. coolant storage Storage box; 27. Rubber piston; 28. Second rocker arm; 29. ​​Rubber valve; 30. Water inlet pipe; 31. Drain pipe; 32. Coolant; 33. Small gear; 34. Compression spring; 35. Large gear; 36. Gear belt; 37. Snap ring; 38. Engagement groove; 39. Engagement block; 40. Second magnetic coupler; 41. Threaded rod; 42. Movable block; 43. Support rod; 44. Support plate; 45. Slide groove; 46. Push rod; 47. Push block; 48. Mounting plate; 49. Barrier plate; 50. Handle; 51. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings of the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 The embodiment of the present invention provides a lightweight surveying device for rock and soil geological survey, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a shell 1, which provides stable support and protection for the entire equipment. A sleeve 2 is movably installed in the middle of the bottom wall of the shell 1. The sleeve 2 plays a key role in connection and transmission. A movable rod 3 is movably installed inside the sleeve 2. The bottom end of the movable rod 3 extends to the outside of the shell 1 and is fixedly connected to a sampling barrel. A number of drill teeth 4 are evenly and fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling barrel. The drill teeth 4 can enhance the penetration of the sampling barrel into rocks and soils of different hardness, thereby efficiently obtaining rock and soil samples.

[0036] A working cylinder 8 is fixedly installed inside the outer shell 1 at an upper position near the sleeve 2. The working cylinder 8 provides a power source for the subsequent hammer 11 action. A compression cylinder 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner shell 1 near the working cylinder 8. The compression cylinder 12 cooperates with the working cylinder 8 to achieve efficient drilling sampling of rock and soil. Rotary valves 15 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the inner ends of the working cylinder 8 and the compression cylinder 12. The rotary valve 15 can control the flow direction of compressed air, thereby driving the working piston 9 to move.

[0037] A protective shell 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 1. The protective shell 16 protects the internal components and prevents them from being damaged by the external environment. Short shafts 17 are movably installed on both sides of the interior of the protective shell 16. The short shaft 17, as an important component of the transmission, transmits power to other components. The bottom end of the short shaft 17 on one side extends to the interior of the shell 1 and is installed with a movable shaft 22 through a first magnetic coupler 21. The first magnetic coupler 21 can achieve contactless transmission, reduce wear and energy loss, and a cylinder body 23 is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the movable shaft 22. The outer diameter of the cylinder body 23 is provided with an inclined groove at a certain angle to the central axis of the cylinder body 23, and an inclined bearing seat 24 is movably installed in the inclined groove. The inner ring ball of the inclined bearing seat 24 moves in the inclined groove. This special structural design enables the inclined bearing seat 24 to swing back and forth up and down when the cylinder body 23 rotates.

[0038] In this embodiment, a reset spring 5 is fixedly connected to the lower outer diameter of the movable rod 3, and the reset spring 5 plays a role in limiting and resetting the movable rod 3. Key grooves 7 are provided on both sides of the interior of the sleeve 2, and splines 6 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the movable rod 3, and the outer ends of the splines 6 are movably arranged inside the corresponding side key grooves 7. The cooperation between the splines 6 and the key grooves 7 enables the sleeve 2 to drive the movable rod 3 to rotate.

[0039] Furthermore, a working piston 9 is movably installed inside the working cylinder 8, and a pressure rod 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the working piston 9. The bottom end of the pressure rod 10 extends to the inside of the sleeve 2 and is fixedly connected to a hammer 11. When compressed air enters the working cylinder 8, it pushes the working piston 9 to move up and down, thereby driving the pressure rod 10 and the hammer 11 to reciprocate up and down. The hammer 11 is used to continuously strike the top of the movable rod 3, so that the movable rod 3 and the sampling tube vibrate up and down rapidly, and cooperates with the rotation of the sampling tube to realize the drilling sampling work of rock and soil with higher hardness.

[0040] Furthermore, a compression piston 13 is movably installed inside the compression cylinder 12, and a push rod 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the compression piston 13, and the bottom end of the push rod 14 extends to the outside of the compression cylinder 12. An end of the inclined bearing seat 24 close to the compression cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to a first swing rod 25, and the end of the first swing rod 25 is movably installed on the end of the push rod 14. When the cylinder body 23 rotates, the inclined bearing seat 24 is driven to swing back and forth up and down, and then the first swing rod 25 drives the push rod 14 and the compression piston 13 in the compression cylinder 12 to move up and down, thereby generating compressed air.

[0041] Furthermore, a driven gear 18 is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the short shaft 17, and a DC motor 19 is fixedly installed on the top of the protective shell 16. The DC motor 19 provides power for the entire device. The driving end of the DC motor 19 extends to the inside of the protective shell 16 and is fixedly installed with a driving gear 20. The two ends of the driving gear 20 are respectively meshed and connected with the inner ends of the driven gear 18. After starting the DC motor 19, the driven gear 18 and the short shaft 17 are driven to rotate by the rotation of the driving gear 20.

[0042] Furthermore, a coolant storage tank 26 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner bottom of the shell 1 near the movable shaft 22. The coolant storage tank 26 is used to store coolant. A rubber piston 27 is fixedly installed on the top of the coolant storage tank 26. The rubber piston 27 realizes the discharge and suction of coolant 32 under the action of air pressure. A second swing rod 28 is fixedly installed on one end of the inclined bearing seat 24 near the coolant storage tank 26, and the end of the second swing rod 28 is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber piston 27. When the cylinder body 23 rotates, it drives the inclined bearing seat 24 to swing back and forth up and down, and then the second swing rod 28 drives the rubber piston 27 to rise and fall continuously.

[0043] Furthermore, two rubber valves 29 with opposite opening directions are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner top of the coolant storage tank 26. The bottom end of the rubber valve 29 on one side is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe 30, and the end of the water inlet pipe 30 extends to the inner bottom of the coolant storage tank 26. The bottom end of the rubber valve 29 on the other side is fixedly connected to a drain pipe 31, and the end of the drain pipe 31 penetrates the coolant storage tank 26 and the outer wall of the shell 1 and extends to one side of the sampling tube. The interior of the coolant storage tank 26 is filled with coolant 32. When the rubber piston 27 is compressed, the volume of the cavity decreases and the air pressure increases. The left rubber valve 29 is pressed and the right rubber valve 29 is pushed open, and the coolant 32 in the cavity is discharged from the cavity and discharged through the drain pipe 31, and poured on the outer surface of the sampling tube. When the rubber piston 27 recovers, the volume in the cavity increases and the air pressure decreases. The external air pressure will press the right rubber valve 29 and push the left rubber valve 29 open. The coolant 32 in the coolant storage tank 26 will enter the cavity of the rubber piston 27 through the water inlet pipe 30 under the effect of atmospheric pressure. This cycle is repeated to achieve the effect of cooling the sampling tube and reducing wear, thereby increasing the service life of the sampling tube.

[0044] Specifically, when the second swing rod 28 reciprocates up and down, it will drive the rubber piston 27 to rise and fall continuously. When the rubber piston 27 is compressed, the volume of the cavity decreases, the air pressure increases, the left rubber valve 29 is pressed and the right rubber valve 29 is pushed open, and the coolant 32 in the cavity is discharged from the cavity and discharged through the drain pipe 31. When the rubber piston 27 is restored, the volume of the cavity increases and the air pressure decreases. The external air pressure will press the right rubber valve 29 and push the left rubber valve 29 open. The coolant 32 in the coolant storage tank 26 will enter the cavity of the rubber piston 27 through the water inlet pipe 30 under the effect of atmospheric pressure. The cycle is repeated, and the coolant 32 is continuously extracted and poured on the outer surface of the sampling tube, thereby achieving the effect of cooling and reducing wear, thereby increasing the service life of the sampling tube.

[0045] Furthermore, a small gear 33 is fixedly installed at the outer diameter of the movable shaft 22 near the lower side of the cylinder body 23, and a compression spring 34 is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the sleeve 2. The compression spring 34 plays a buffering and protective role when the equipment encounters a hard object. A large gear 35 is fixedly installed on the top of the compression spring 34. The outer diameters of the small gear 33 and the large gear 35 are connected by a gear belt 36. When the movable shaft 22 rotates, the small gear 33 is driven to rotate, and the transmission effect of the gear belt 36 is used to drive the large gear 35 to rotate. A retaining ring 37 is fixedly installed at the outer diameter of the sleeve 2 near the upper position of the large gear 35, and a plurality of retaining rings 37 are provided on the outer diameter of the retaining ring 37 The bite groove 38 and the top of the large gear 35 are fixedly connected with a bite block 39 near each bite groove 38. When a hard object is encountered during the sampling process, the sampling tube will be stuck. At this time, the DC motor 19 still maintains the force state, and the rotating large gear 35 will continuously compress the compression spring 34, and the bite groove 38 and the bite block 39 will continuously disengage and engage. At this time, the sleeve 2 and the sampling tube will no longer rotate and exert force, which effectively protects the sampling tube from damage, and also avoids damage to the DC motor 19 due to overload. During specific use, the staff is required to grasp the device and provide a certain amount of force to counteract the disengagement force generated by the compression spring 34.

[0046] Specifically, the DC motor 19 is started, and the DC motor 19 drives the active gear 20 to rotate to drive the driven gear 18 and the short shaft 17 to rotate. When the left short shaft 17 rotates, the first magnetic coupler 21 is used to drive the movable shaft 22 to rotate. When the movable shaft 22 rotates, the small gear 33 is driven to rotate, and the transmission effect of the gear belt 36 is used to drive the large gear 35 to rotate. The large gear 35 drives the sleeve 2 to rotate through the action of the compression spring 34. The rotating sleeve 2 uses the limiting effect of the keyway 7 of the spline 6 to drive the movable rod 3 and the sampling tube to rotate, thereby realizing the drilling sampling of rock and soil. At the same time, when the movable shaft 22 rotates, it will also drive the cylinder body 23 to rotate. Since the outer diameter of the cylinder body 23 is provided with an inclined groove at a certain angle to the central axis of the cylinder body 23, and the ball on the inner ring of the inclined bearing seat 24 is movably arranged in the inclined groove, when the cylinder body 23 rotates, it will drive the inclined bearing seat 24 and the first swing rod 25 and the second swing rod 28 at both ends to follow the up and down reciprocating swing. When the first swing rod 25 moves up and down, it will drive the push rod 14 and the compression piston 13 in the compression cylinder 12 to move up and down, generate compressed air, operate the upper and lower rotary valves 15, so that the compressed air enters the upper or lower part of the working cylinder 8, thereby pushing the working piston 9 to move up and down, and then driving the pressure rod 10 and the hammer 11 to reciprocate up and down, and utilizing the limiting effect of the return spring 5 on the movable rod 3 to make the hammer 11 continuously strike the top of the movable rod 3, driving the movable rod 3 and the sampling tube to vibrate up and down quickly, and cooperate with the rotating sampling tube to realize the drilling sampling work of some rocks and soils with higher hardness. When encountering a hard object during the sampling process, the sampling tube will be stuck. At this time, the DC motor 19 still maintains the force state, and the rotating large gear 35 will continuously compress the compression spring 34, and the bite groove 38 and the bite block 39 will continuously disengage and engage, and at this time, the sleeve 2 and the sampling tube will no longer rotate and exert force, which can protect the sampling tube and the DC motor 19.

[0047] Furthermore, the end of the short shaft 17 on the other side extends to the interior of the housing 1 and is installed with a threaded rod 41 through a second magnetic coupler 40. The second magnetic coupler 40 also realizes contactless transmission. A movable block 42 is threadedly connected on the outer diameter of the threaded rod 41. Both sides of the bottom end of the movable block 42 are fixedly connected with support rods 43. The bottom ends of the support rods 43 extend to the outside of the housing 1 and are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 44. After sampling is completed, the DC motor 19 is started, and the short shaft 17 is driven to rotate through the transmission action of the driving gear 20 and the driven gear 18, and then the second magnetic coupler 40 is used to drive the threaded rod 41 to rotate. The rotating threaded rod 41 will drive the movable block 42 to move downward, drive the support plate 44 to move downward and abut against the rock and soil surface, and use the reaction force to lift the device and the sampling tube upward.

[0048] Specifically, after the sampling is completed, the DC motor 19 is started again, and the short shaft 17 is driven to rotate through the transmission action of the active gear 20 and the driven gear 18, and then the second magnetic coupler 40 is used to drive the threaded rod 41 to rotate. The rotating threaded rod 41 will drive the movable block 42 to move downward, drive the support plate 44 to move downward and abut against the rock and soil surface, and use the reaction force to lift the device and the sampling tube upward. After completion, the sampling tube is removed from the movable rod 3 and the rock and soil inside are taken out.

[0049] Furthermore, a slide groove 45 is provided on the upper side of the front end of the shell 1, and a lever 46 is movably arranged inside the slide groove 45. The outer end of the lever 46 extends to the outside of the shell 1 and is fixedly connected to a lever block 47. The inner end of the lever 46 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 48. Both sides of the interior of the mounting plate 48 are fixedly connected to barrier sheets 49. Both sides of the shell 1 are fixedly connected to handles 50, and the handles 50 are convenient for the operator to grasp with both hands for operation. A controller 51 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end of the shell 1. The movement of the lever block 47 in the slide groove 45 drives the lever 46 and the mounting plate 48 to move, so that the barrier sheets 49 on the mounting plate 48 extend into different magnetic couplers, so that different working modes can be easily switched. The operation is simple and convenient, and the work efficiency is improved.

[0050] Specifically, the shift block 47 is moved to the right end of the slide slot 45. When the shift block 47 moves, it will drive the shift rod 46 and the mounting plate 48 to move, so that the blocking piece 49 on the right side of the mounting plate 48 extends into the second magnetic coupler 40, blocking the transmission force between the right short shaft 17 and the threaded rod 41. The shift block 47 is moved to the left end of the slide slot 45, so that the blocking piece 49 on the left side of the mounting plate 48 extends into the first magnetic coupler 21, blocking the transmission force between the left short shaft 17 and the movable shaft 22, thereby realizing the switching between the two working modes.

[0051] A method for using a lightweight surveying device for rock and soil geological surveying comprises the following steps: Step 1: Move the device to the rock surface to be sampled, hold the handles 50 on both sides with both hands to make the device stand up and the bottom of the sampling tube touch the rock surface, move the shift block 47 to the right end of the slide 45, and press the device down with force; Step 2: Start the DC motor 19 through the controller 51, the DC motor 19 will drive the driving gear 20 to rotate and drive the driven gear 18 to rotate, and drive the sampling tube to rotate and vibrate up and down through the transmission of the short shaft 17, the movable shaft 22, the cylinder body 23, the small gear 33, the large gear 35 and other structures, so as to realize the downward drilling sampling of the rock and soil, and at the same time, the drain pipe 31 will draw out the coolant 32 in the coolant storage tank 26 and pour it on the outer surface of the sampling tube; Step 3: After completing the drilling sampling, move the shift block 47 to the left end of the slide slot 45, start the DC motor 16 again, and the DC motor 19 will drive the driving gear 20 to rotate and drive the driven gear 18 to rotate. Through the transmission of the threaded rod 41, the movable block 42, the support rod 43 and other structures, the support plate 44 is driven to contact the rock surface, and the device and the sampling tube are lifted upward. After completion, the sampling tube is removed from the movable rod 3 and the rock and soil inside are taken out.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightweight surveying device for geotechnical surveying, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A sleeve (2) is movably mounted in the middle of the bottom wall of the housing (1); a movable rod (3) is movably mounted inside the sleeve (2); the bottom end of the movable rod (3) extends to the outside of the housing (1) and is fixedly connected to a sampling tube; and the bottom end of the sampling tube is evenly fixedly connected to a plurality of drill teeth (4); a working cylinder (8) is fixedly mounted inside the housing (1) at a position above the sleeve (2); a compression cylinder (12) is fixedly mounted on one side of the housing (1) near the working cylinder (8); the inner ends of the working cylinder (8) and the compression cylinder (12) are connected to the inner ends of the working cylinder (8) and the compression cylinder (12). A rotary valve (15) is fixedly installed on both the upper and lower sides; a protective shell (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (1); short shafts (17) are movably installed on both sides of the interior of the protective shell (16); the bottom end of the short shaft (17) on one side extends into the interior of the shell (1) and is installed with a movable shaft (22) through a first magnetic coupler (21); a cylinder body (23) is fixedly installed on the outer diameter of the movable shaft (22); an inclined groove is provided on the outer diameter of the cylinder body (23) at a certain angle to the central axis of the cylinder body (23), and an inclined bearing seat (24) is movably installed in the inclined groove.

2. A lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return spring (5) is fixedly connected to the outer diameter of the lower side of the movable rod (3), key slots (7) are provided on both sides of the interior of the sleeve (2), and splines (6) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top end of the movable rod (3), and the outer ends of the splines (6) are movably arranged inside the key slots (7) on the corresponding sides.

3. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working piston (9) is movably mounted inside the working cylinder (8), a pressure rod (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the working piston (9), and the bottom end of the pressure rod (10) extends into the interior of the sleeve (2) and is fixedly connected to a hammer (11); A compression piston (13) is movably mounted inside the compression cylinder (12); a push rod (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the compression piston (13), and the bottom end of the push rod (14) extends to the outside of the compression cylinder (12); a first swing rod (25) is fixedly connected to one end of the inclined bearing seat (24) close to the compression cylinder (12), and the end of the first swing rod (25) is movably mounted on the end of the push rod (14).

4. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driven gear (18) is fixedly mounted on the outer diameter of the short shaft (17), a DC motor (19) is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective housing (16), a driving end of the DC motor (19) extends into the interior of the protective housing (16) and is fixedly mounted with a driving gear (20), and both ends of the driving gear (20) are respectively meshed and connected with the inner ends of the driven gear (18).

5. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coolant storage tank (26) is fixedly mounted on one side of the inner bottom of the housing (1) close to the movable shaft (22), a rubber piston (27) is fixedly mounted on the top of the coolant storage tank (26), and a second swing rod (28) is fixedly mounted on one end of the inclined bearing seat (24) close to the coolant storage tank (26), and the end of the second swing rod (28) is fixedly connected to the top of the rubber piston (27).

6. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two rubber valves (29) with opposite opening directions are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner top of the coolant storage tank (26); the bottom end of the rubber valve (29) on one side is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe (30), and the end of the water inlet pipe (30) extends to the inner bottom of the coolant storage tank (26); the bottom end of the rubber valve (29) on the other side is fixedly connected to a drain pipe (31), and the end of the drain pipe (31) penetrates the coolant storage tank (26) and the outer wall of the housing (1) and extends to one side of the sampling tube; the interior of the coolant storage tank (26) is filled with coolant (32).

7. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A small gear (33) is fixedly mounted on the outer diameter of the movable shaft (22) near the lower side of the cylinder body (23), a compression spring (34) is fixedly mounted on the outer diameter of the sleeve (2), a large gear (35) is fixedly mounted on the top of the compression spring (34), the outer diameters of the small gear (33) and the large gear (35) are connected via a gear belt (36), a retaining ring (37) is fixedly mounted on the outer diameter of the sleeve (2) near the upper side of the large gear (35), a plurality of engaging grooves (38) are formed on the outer diameter of the retaining ring (37), and an engaging block (39) is fixedly connected to the top of the large gear (35) near each engaging groove (38).

8. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the short shaft (17) on the other side extends to the interior of the housing (1) and is mounted with a threaded rod (41) through a second magnetic coupler (40); a movable block (42) is threadedly connected to the outer diameter of the threaded rod (41); both sides of the bottom end of the movable block (42) are fixedly connected to support rods (43); the bottom ends of the support rods (43) extend to the outside of the housing (1) and are fixedly connected to the top end of the support plate (44).

9. The lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove (45) is provided on the upper side of the front end of the housing (1), a lever (46) is movably provided inside the slide groove (45), an outer end of the lever (46) extends to the outside of the housing (1) and is fixedly connected to a lever block (47), an inner end of the lever (46) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (48), both sides of the interior of the mounting plate (48) are fixedly connected to barrier plates (49), both sides of the housing (1) are fixedly connected to handles (50), and a controller (51) is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end of the housing (1).

10. A method for using the lightweight surveying equipment for rock and soil geological surveying according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Move the device to the rock surface to be sampled, hold the handles (50) on both sides with both hands to make the device stand upright and the bottom end of the sampling tube touch the rock surface, move the shift block (47) to the right end of the slide groove (45), and press the device down with force; Step 2: Start the DC motor (19) through the controller (51), the DC motor (19) will drive the driving gear (20) to rotate and drive the driven gear (18) to rotate, and through the transmission of the short shaft (17), the movable shaft (22), the cylinder body (23), the small gear (33), the large gear (35) and other structures, drive the sampling tube to rotate and vibrate up and down, so as to achieve the downward drilling sampling of the rock and soil, and at the same time, the drain pipe (31) will draw out the coolant (32) in the coolant storage tank (26) and pour it on the outer surface of the sampling tube; Step 3: After the drilling sampling is completed, the shift block (47) is moved to the left end of the slide slot (45), and the DC motor (16) is started again. The DC motor (19) drives the driving gear (20) to rotate and drives the driven gear (18) to rotate. Through the transmission of the threaded rod (41), the movable block (42), the support rod (43) and other structures, the support plate (44) is driven to contact the rock surface, and the device and the sampling tube are lifted upward. After completion, the sampling tube is removed from the movable rod (3) and the rock inside is taken out.

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