Bearing friction test device for simulating deep sea environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a bearing friction test device for simulating a deep sea environment. The bearing friction test device comprises an autoclave body, a bearing friction test unit and a data acquisition unit, a water inlet is formed in the bottom of the autoclave body, a water outlet is formed in the top of the autoclave body, high-pressure and low-temperature water for simulating the deep sea environment is injected into the autoclave body through the water inlet so as to simulate the deep sea environment in the autoclave body, and a friction test is performed in the deep sea environment simulated by the autoclave body; the bearing bush friction test unit comprises a torque assembly and a tension assembly, the torque assembly is in rotary friction with the inner wall of the bearing bush, the tension assembly applies tension perpendicular to the rotating direction of the rotating shaft to the bearing bush, and the friction force of the bearing bush is adjusted through the tension assembly; according to the invention, a material part-level bearing friction test is carried out in a simulated deep sea environment, the wear and wear performance of a material as a part-level bearing in the deep sea environment is truly evaluated, a basis and guidance are provided for development, material selection and protection of deep sea equipment bearing materials, and the method has important scientific significance and engineering application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of friction test devices, and in particular relates to a bearing friction test device that simulates a deep-sea environment. Background Art

[0002] When deep-sea equipment is serving in the deep-sea environment, the friction and wear performance of deep-sea structural materials is crucial to the safety and reliability of deep-sea equipment. It is necessary to simulate the deep-sea environment in the laboratory to test the friction and wear performance of structural materials. The friction and wear performance test is carried out by preparing artificial seawater or taking seawater samples. Because of its advantages of low cost, simple loading and detection, it has been successfully used in various forms of seawater friction and wear test equipment, such as vertical universal friction and wear testers, high-speed ring block friction and wear testers, etc. Compared with the shallow sea normal pressure environment, the research on deep-sea high-pressure environment started later. It has obvious advantages to simulate the high-pressure seawater environment at different ocean depths and conduct friction and wear tests in high-pressure seawater environment.

[0003] At present, bearing friction tests are mainly carried out on the ground. In the ground tests, the bearings are exposed to the air. During the friction process, the bearings are heated by friction and are in a high temperature state and exposed to the oxidizing environment of the air. In the deep sea, due to the cooling of the seawater, the bearings are still at a relatively low temperature in the friction environment, and the friction process is continuously affected by seawater corrosion.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202311612908.3 discloses a super-slip bearing friction and wear tester under simulated seawater conditions, which includes a servo motor, a sealing chamber, a specimen sleeve, a force measuring rod, a loading system, and a control acquisition processing system. By setting a rolling bearing at the contact point between the loading system and the specimen, the rolling bearing is loaded, and the impact on the friction force is only the friction force of the rolling bearing. Although this solution can simulate the seawater environment, it cannot simulate the deep-sea high-pressure and low-temperature water environment, so it has limited effect on the friction of deep-sea equipment.

[0005] Chinese patent CN202210214608.9 discloses a friction and wear test bench for simulating deep-sea environment, including an autoclave, a high-pressure chamber baffle, a power unit, a rotating shaft and a sleeve; the high-pressure chamber baffle is fixed in the inner cavity of the autoclave, dividing the inner cavity of the autoclave into a test chamber and a leak-proof chamber, the test chamber is provided with a water inlet and an exhaust port, and the leak-proof chamber is provided with an oil inlet and an air outlet. The test chamber of the device can be filled with any substance that actually exists in the deep-sea environment. Although this scheme can simulate the deep-sea environment, it can only realize material-level friction tests in the deep-sea environment to verify the friction problems of raw materials in the deep-sea environment, and cannot study the friction and wear problems of components under comprehensive working conditions (actual operation) loading.

[0006] Chinese patent CN202311600866.1 discloses a pin-ring friction and wear testing machine that can simulate a deep-sea high hydrostatic pressure environment. The pin-ring friction and wear testing machine includes: a high-pressure chamber unit, a hydrostatic pressure environment unit, an electrochemical test unit, and a friction and wear unit. The friction and wear unit is used to apply a load to the sample ring to be tested and perform unidirectional rotation to rub against the friction pair.

[0007] This scheme is used to study the pin-ring friction and wear test in deep-sea environment, and it cannot study the friction and wear problems of components under comprehensive working conditions (actual operation) loading.

[0008] Although there are some testing machines that can simulate friction and wear in seawater environments, they still do not cover key factors in the deep sea, such as high hydrostatic pressure and low temperature conditions, making it difficult to effectively adapt to the actual deep-sea environment and truly evaluate the performance of materials in it. In addition, the load application method of existing equipment is relatively simple and limited to material-level friction tests, which limits its ability to simulate real working conditions. Although the existing testing machines are equipped with electrochemical testing units, their main functions are concentrated on friction and wear tests under hydrostatic pressure, and they fail to make full use of electrochemical data to deeply analyze the friction and wear process. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a testing machine that can accurately simulate the deep-sea environment, accurately load, is not affected by hydrostatic pressure, and realize component-level in-situ friction and wear testing. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention provides a bearing friction test device for simulating a deep-sea environment, the purpose of which is to simulate a deep-sea environment to perform a bearing friction test and realize component-level in-situ friction and wear testing, so as to study the influence of the deep-sea environment on bearing friction and wear.

[0010] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a. The autoclave body is used to provide a high-pressure environment for the friction specimens. The autoclave body is designed and manufactured according to an operating pressure of 20MPa. It is made of duplex stainless steel and is suitable for corrosion test environments in seawater media. The autoclave body and the lid are both forged to avoid the risk of cracking under high-pressure conditions. In order to facilitate the installation of the specimens, the autoclave body is placed horizontally.

[0011] b. The magnetic motor rotator consists of three parts: a magnetic motor, a pulley and a magnetic shaft, which are used to drive the rotating shaft and the sleeve to rotate. The magnetic motor drives the magnetic shaft to rotate through the pulley. The two parts do not contact each other, and the speed can reach 1200rpm. The rotating shaft connected to the magnetic shaft is immersed in the autoclave body, and the magnetic motor driver is installed outside the autoclave body. There is no dynamic sealing structure between the rotating shaft and the autoclave body to avoid the risk of medium leakage under high-pressure test conditions. The magnetic shaft is made of corrosion-resistant alloy and is suitable for corrosion test environments of seawater media.

[0012] c. The sleeve is fixed on the rotating shaft and rotates synchronously with the magnetic shaft; the left support seat and the right support seat are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the two support seats are used to limit and support the rotating shaft. The bearings in the support seats are made of PEEK material to maintain insulation from the sleeve and the rotating shaft.

[0013] d. The outer ring of the bearing is close to the inner ring of the bearing bracket and is connected to the bearing bracket through a limit bolt. During the friction process, the bearing and the bearing bracket do not move relative to each other. During the test, the sleeve rotates with the magnetic shaft, and the bearing moves in the vertical direction with the loading rod. The bearing applies a longitudinal load (generally an upward tensile load) to the sleeve to simulate the vertical pressure of the sleeve on the bearing in actual engineering applications. There is a PEEK insulating pad between the sleeve and the bearing to ensure insulation between the bearing and the bearing bracket, thereby avoiding galvanic corrosion.

[0014] e. The loading rod is hard-connected to the top of the bearing support. The loading rod passes through the side of the autoclave through the sealing assembly and is connected to the load sensor and the stepper motor driver. Before the test begins, the loading rod moves upward so that the sleeve applies a compressive load to the bearing. During the test, the upward movement is maintained to compensate for the load reduction caused by friction. The loading rod and the side wall of the autoclave will move relative to each other, and a pan-seal seal is used to achieve a movable seal between the loading rod and the autoclave. The pan-seal seal is a slotted seal with an embedded spring, which is widely used for movable seals of bearings and hydraulic rods.

[0015] f. The load sensor and stepper motor driver are installed on the upper side wall of the loading rod, and the PID controller is used for feedback control between the load sensor and the stepper motor driver. Before the friction test, the stepper motor driver drives the loading rod to move upward to apply load to the sleeve. When the rated load of the test is reached, the load sensor sends a feedback signal to the stepper motor, and the stepper motor driver stops moving. During the friction test, the load sensor measures the load force between the bearing and the sleeve in real time. When the load force deviates from the set load, the load sensor sends a signal to the stepper motor driver, and the stepper motor driver starts to drive the loading rod upward to compensate for the load between the sleeve and the bearing in real time.

[0016] g. Measurement of friction coefficient. The friction coefficient between the sleeve and the bearing is related to the load force and friction force. The load force is measured and output by the load sensor, and the friction force is calculated by the output power and output speed of the motor.

[0017] f – friction; d – outer diameter of the sleeve; T – torque; ΔP - change in motor output power before and after friction; n – Motor speed.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Accurately simulate deep sea environment This solution provides a way to accurately reproduce deep-sea conditions in a laboratory environment by injecting high-pressure, low-temperature water that simulates the deep-sea environment into the autoclave. This simulation not only takes into account the high-pressure environment of the deep sea, but also takes into account the impact of low temperature on the friction and wear properties of materials, overcoming the limitation that traditional experiments cannot effectively reproduce deep-sea conditions. This high-fidelity simulation provides reliable data support for in-depth research on the friction characteristics of deep-sea equipment materials, ensuring the effectiveness and practicality of the research results.

[0019] 2. Precise loading in deep sea, not affected by hydrostatic pressure The bearing friction test device designed in the present invention adopts a unique tension component and a stepper motor drive system, which can accurately apply a load perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis. This loading method avoids the interference of hydrostatic pressure on the experimental results, so that the change in friction force can more truly reflect the friction characteristics in the deep-sea environment. Traditional friction tests are often affected by hydrostatic pressure, resulting in inaccurate test data. The innovative loading mechanism of this solution makes the friction performance test more scientific and reliable.

[0020] 3. In-situ friction and wear test of deep-sea components The design of this device innovatively realizes in-situ friction and wear testing at the component level in a simulated deep-sea environment, thereby ensuring the authenticity and validity of the experimental results. Compared with traditional methods, this solution continuously monitors the changes in multiple key parameters during the friction process under actual deep-sea conditions, including friction coefficient, torque, load, and hydrostatic pressure, thereby providing a comprehensive understanding of the performance of materials in deep-sea environments. This in-situ testing method can not only better reveal the wear resistance and friction characteristics of materials, but also provide a scientific basis for the design and optimization of deep-sea equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a connection schematic diagram of the bearing bush of the present invention; In the figure: 1-autoclave body, 102-water inlet, 103-water outlet; 21-magnetic motor, 22-pulley, 23-magnetic shaft, 24-rotating shaft, 25-support seat, 26-sleeve; 31-stepping motor driver, 32-load sensor, 33-loading rod, 34-bearing support; 4-Bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: like Figure 1 As shown, a bearing friction test device for simulating a deep-sea environment includes a high-pressure autoclave body 1, a bearing 4 friction test unit and a data acquisition unit; wherein the high-pressure autoclave body 1 is produced by forging, and the pressure resistance strength is not less than 20MPa; the bearing 4 friction test unit is used to control the friction test process; the data acquisition unit is used to collect the torque and speed of the magnetic motor 21, and the output power change value of the magnetic motor 21 before and after friction.

[0023] The autoclave body 1 is provided with a water inlet 102 at the bottom and a water outlet 103 at the top. High-pressure and low-temperature water simulating a deep-sea environment is injected into the autoclave body 1 through the water inlet 102 to simulate a deep-sea environment in the autoclave body 1, and a friction experiment is performed in the deep-sea environment simulated by the autoclave body 1. The friction test unit of the bearing 4 includes a torque component and a tension component. The torque component rotates and rubs with the inner wall of the bearing 4. The tension component provides a tension perpendicular to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 24 to the bearing 4, so that the friction between the bearing 4 and the torque component is increased.

[0024] The torque assembly includes a magnetic motor 21, a magnetic shaft 23, a rotating shaft 24, a support seat 25 and a sleeve 26; an opening is provided on one side of the autoclave body 1, and the head end of the rotating shaft 24 is horizontally inserted into the autoclave body 1 through the opening, and the rotating shaft 24 is dynamically sealed and connected to the autoclave body 1. Two support seats 25 for supporting the rotating shaft 24 are fixed at intervals in the autoclave body 1, and the rotating shaft 24 is rotatably connected to the support seats 25; the cylindrical sleeve 26 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 24 between the two support seats 25, and the bearing 4 is sleeved on the sleeve 26.

[0025] The tension assembly includes a stepper motor driver 31, a load sensor 32, a loading rod 33 and a bearing bracket 34. An opening is provided at the top of the autoclave body 1, and the head end of the loading rod 33 vertically penetrates into the autoclave body 1 through the opening. The loading rod 33 is dynamically sealed with the autoclave body 1, and the cylindrical bearing bracket 34 is sleeved on the bearing 4; the head end of the loading rod 33 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bearing bracket 34, and the loading rod 33 applies a tensile load to the bearing 4 through the bearing bracket 34; the tail end of the loading rod 33 is connected to the load sensor 32 and the stepper motor driver 31, the stepper motor driver 31 is used to drive the loading rod 33 to move, and the load sensor 32 is connected to the stepper motor driver 31 PID feedback.

[0026] There are rigid connections between the stepper motor driver 31 and the load sensor, between the load sensor and the loading rod 33, and between the loading rod 33 and the bearing support 34. The magnetic motor 21 and the magnetic shaft 23 are connected by a pulley 22, and the magnetic shaft 23 and the rotating shaft 24 are connected by a flange.

[0027] Measurement of friction coefficient. The friction coefficient between the sleeve 26 and the bearing bush 4 is related to the load force and the friction force. The load force is measured and output by the load sensor 32, and the friction force is calculated by the output power and output speed of the motor.

[0028] f – friction; d – outer diameter of the sleeve; T – torque; ΔP - change in motor output power before and after friction; n – Motor speed.

Claims

1. A bearing friction test device simulating a deep sea environment, characterized in that: It comprises an autoclave body (1), a bearing bush (4), a friction test unit and a data acquisition unit; The autoclave body (1) is provided with a water inlet (102) at the bottom and a water outlet (103) at the top, and high-pressure and low-temperature water simulating a deep-sea environment is injected into the autoclave body (1) through the water inlet (102) to simulate a deep-sea environment in the autoclave body (1), and a friction test is performed in the deep-sea environment simulated by the autoclave body (1); The bearing (4) friction test unit comprises a torque component and a tension component, wherein the torque component rotates and rubs against the inner wall of the bearing (4), and the tension component applies a tension perpendicular to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft (24) to the bearing (4), and the magnitude of the friction force of the bearing (4) is adjusted by the tension component; The torque assembly comprises a magnetic motor (21), a magnetic rotating shaft (23), a rotating shaft (24), a supporting seat (25) and a sleeve (26); an opening is provided on one side of the autoclave body (1), the head end of the rotating shaft (24) is horizontally inserted into the autoclave body (1) through the opening, the rotating shaft (24) is sealedly connected to the autoclave body (1), two supporting seats (25) for supporting the rotating shaft (24) are fixed at intervals in the autoclave body (1), and the rotating shaft (24) is rotatably connected to the supporting seats (25); a cylindrical sleeve (26) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (24) between the two supporting seats (25), and a bearing bush (4) is gap-connected to the sleeve (26); The tension component comprises a stepper motor driver (31), a load sensor (32), a loading rod (33) and a bearing support (34); an opening is provided at the top of the autoclave body (1); the head end of the loading rod (33) vertically penetrates into the autoclave body (1) through the opening; the loading rod (33) is sealedly connected to the autoclave body (1); the cylindrical bearing support (34) is sleeved on the bearing (4); the head end of the loading rod (33) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bearing support (34); the loading rod (33) applies a tensile load to the bearing (4) through the bearing support (34); the tail end of the loading rod (33) is connected to the load sensor (32) and the stepper motor driver (31); the stepper motor driver (31) is used to drive the loading rod (33) to move; the load sensor (32) is connected to the stepper motor driver (31) for PID feedback; The data acquisition unit is used to collect the torque and rotation speed of the magnetic motor (21), and the output power change value of the magnetic motor (21) before and after friction.

2. The bearing friction test device for simulating deep sea environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The autoclave body (1) is produced by forging, and its compressive strength is not less than 20 MPa.

3. The bearing friction test device for simulating deep sea environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepper motor driver (31) and the load sensor, the load sensor and the loading rod (33), and the loading rod (33) and the bearing support (34) are all rigidly connected.

4. The bearing friction test device for simulating deep sea environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic motor (21) and the magnetic rotating shaft (23) are connected in transmission via a pulley (22), and the magnetic rotating shaft (23) and the rotating shaft (24) are connected via a flange.

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