Visual migration experiment device and method for quartz sand micro-proppant

Abstract

The invention discloses a quartz sand micro-proppant visual migration experiment device and method, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation. Comprising a workbench, and the top of the workbench is provided with a plurality of experiment assemblies; each experiment assembly comprises a shaft simulation unit inner cylinder, a crack simulation unit is arranged on one side of the shaft simulation unit inner cylinder, a communication pipeline is arranged between the shaft simulation unit inner cylinder and the crack simulation unit in a communicating mode, a camera is arranged in front of the crack simulation unit, and a liquid drainage pipeline is arranged at the end, away from the first pipeline, of the crack simulation unit in a communicating mode. A liquid outlet valve is arranged at one end of the liquid discharging pipeline, and a containing frame is arranged at the top of the workbench. The different pressures of the multiple pump bodies can more truly simulate various pressure change conditions possibly occurring at different positions and different stages in the actual oil and gas exploitation process, so that the migration law of the quartz sand micro-proppant under different pressure conditions can be comprehensively researched, and more accurate reference is provided for actual fracturing operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, and in particular to a quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device and method. Background Art

[0002] Quartz sand microproppant is a granular material used in oil and gas well fracturing operations. It is mainly composed of quartz sand, and the particle size is usually small, generally between tens of microns and hundreds of microns. During the fracturing process of oil and gas wells, fracturing fluid carrying quartz sand microproppant is injected into the formation. When the pressure of the fracturing fluid exceeds the fracture pressure of the formation, cracks will appear in the formation. Subsequently, the quartz sand microproppant will enter the cracks under the influence of the fracturing fluid and play a supporting role in the cracks to prevent the cracks from closing after the pressure is released. This can increase the permeability of the formation, allowing oil and gas to flow more smoothly from the formation to the wellbore, thereby increasing the production of oil and gas wells.

[0003] Existing visualization migration experimental devices can often only adjust pressure and flow within a limited range. The experimental device may only be able to adjust pressure and flow in a phased manner. This limited pressure and flow adjustment range cannot accurately simulate the pressure and flow changes in actual production, which may cause the migration of proppant to deviate from the actual situation, reducing the guiding value of the experimental results for actual oil and gas field development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device and method to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device comprises a workbench, and a plurality of experimental components are arranged on the top of the workbench;

[0007] Each set of experimental components includes an inner tube of a wellbore simulation unit, a fracture simulation unit is arranged on one side of the inner tube of the wellbore simulation unit, a connecting pipe is arranged between the inner tube of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit, a camera is arranged in front of the fracture simulation unit, a drainage pipe is arranged at one end of the fracture simulation unit away from the first pipe, and a liquid outlet valve is arranged at one end of the drainage pipe.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, multiple groups of experimental components can conduct experiments under multiple different conditions at the same time, or quickly switch different pressure and flow conditions in the same experiment, reducing the number and time of experiments and improving experimental efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, a placement rack is provided on the top of the workbench, and a liquid storage cylinder is provided inside the placement rack.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the liquid storage cylinder is connected to a liquid inlet pipe, the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to a second pipe, and one end of the second pipe is connected to the first pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the first pipeline is connected to the third pipeline, and the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are all provided with liquid inlet valves.

[0012] Furthermore, a pump body is provided at one end of the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are respectively connected to pump bodies with different pressure settings. The pump bodies adjust the flow rate of the liquid by applying pressure to the liquid in the pipeline. Pump bodies with different pressures can make the liquid passing through the corresponding pipeline have different pressure and flow characteristics.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided at one end of the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, a filter is provided at one end of each pressure sensor, and each filter is located at one end of the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline respectively.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the filter filters the liquid that is about to enter the inner tube of the wellbore simulation unit to prevent them from entering the inner tube of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit, thereby avoiding interference with the experimental results and damage to the equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, the liquid storage cylinder is arranged in a conical shape, and the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe are respectively connected with the inner cylinder of the corresponding wellbore simulation unit.

[0017] Furthermore, a control panel is provided at one end of the workbench, and the control panel is electrically connected to the camera, the pressure sensor, the liquid inlet valve, the liquid outlet valve and the pump body.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the control panel realizes centralized control of each key component of the experimental device, making the experimental operation more convenient and efficient.

[0019] A method for a quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device comprises the following steps:

[0020] First, a mixture of fracturing fluid and quartz sand micro-proppant in proportion is delivered to the liquid storage cylinder through the liquid inlet pipe. Before the experiment begins, various parameters are set on the control screen according to the experimental design;

[0021] During the experiment, the inlet valve of the first pipeline is opened first, and the inlet valves of the second and third pipelines are closed. Under the action of the pump body, the liquid in the liquid storage cylinder is filtered out impurities through the filter of the corresponding pipeline, and then the pump body applies different pressures to the liquid, and then flows into the inner cylinder of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit. The pressure sensor will monitor the liquid pressure in the pipeline in real time and feed back the pressure data to the control panel. The experimenter can understand the pressure situation through the control panel. If the pressure is abnormal, the output pressure of the pump body can be adjusted in time or the pipeline can be checked for blockage.

[0022] During the liquid flow process, the camera located in front of the fracture simulation unit starts working and records the migration process of the quartz sand micro-proppant in the fracture simulation unit under the control of the control screen, including the movement trajectory and distribution of the proppant, the interaction with the simulated fracture structure, and the changes in the speed, direction and accumulation form of the proppant under different pressure and flow conditions. The experimenter can observe the images taken by the camera through the control screen and gain a deep understanding of the migration law of the proppant in the simulated oil and gas production environment;

[0023] When the experimental conditions need to be changed, the experiment is switched from the first pipeline to the second pipeline. The liquid inlet valve of the first pipeline is closed first, and then the liquid inlet valve of the second pipeline is opened to continue the experiment without resetting the entire experimental device. Thus, multiple experiments with different conditions can be carried out at the same time, or different pressure and flow conditions can be quickly switched in the same experiment, which reduces the number and time of experiments and improves the experimental efficiency.

[0024] When the experiment is completed, the experimenter opens the outlet valve on the drainage pipe through the control panel. The liquid starts from the inner tube of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit, passes through the drainage pipe and the outlet valve in turn, and flows out of the experimental device. After the experiment, the experimental data is analyzed and summarized to provide a reference for actual fracturing operations.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The different pressures of the multiple pump bodies of the present invention can more realistically simulate the various pressure changes that may occur at different positions and stages in the actual oil and gas production process, so that the migration law of quartz sand microproppant under different pressure conditions can be comprehensively studied, providing a more accurate reference for actual fracturing operations;

[0027] The present invention can simultaneously carry out experiments under multiple different conditions by setting up multiple groups of experimental components, or quickly switch different pressure and flow conditions in the same experiment, thereby reducing the number and time of experiments and improving experimental efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram from another angle of the invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the invention.

[0031] Figure 4 A plan view of the invention.

[0032] Among them, 1. workbench; 2. placement rack; 3. liquid storage cylinder; 4. liquid inlet pipe; 5. inner cylinder of wellbore simulation unit; 6. connecting pipeline; 7. fracture simulation unit; 8. camera; 9. first pipeline; 10. pressure sensor; 11. filter; 12. liquid inlet valve; 13. second pipeline; 14. third pipeline; 15. liquid outlet valve; 16. control panel; 17. discharge pipeline; 18. pump body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Combination Figures 1 to 4 , This embodiment provides a quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device, comprising a workbench 1, and a plurality of experimental components are arranged on the top of the workbench 1;

[0036] Each set of experimental components includes an inner tube 5 of a wellbore simulation unit, a fracture simulation unit 7 is provided on one side of the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit, a connecting pipe 6 is provided between the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit 7, a camera 8 is provided in front of the fracture simulation unit 7, a drainage pipe 17 is provided at one end of the fracture simulation unit 7 away from the first pipe 9, and a liquid outlet valve 15 is provided at one end of the drainage pipe 17.

[0037] The liquid (a mixture of fracturing fluid and quartz sand micro-proppant in proportion) is transported to the liquid storage cylinder 3 through the liquid inlet pipe 4. At this time, the pump body 18 is working, and the three pump bodies 18 have different pressure settings respectively, so that different pressures can be applied to the liquid in the liquid storage cylinder 3 when it passes through the first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14 and enters the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit 7.

[0038] When the liquid inlet valve 12 on the first pipeline 9 is opened, the liquid inlet valves 12 on the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14 are closed, and the pressure and flow conditions provided by the first pipeline 9 are accurately adjusted without being interfered by other pipelines. When the liquid inlet valve 12 on one pipeline is opened, the liquid inlet valves 12 on the remaining pipelines are all closed.

[0039] At this time, the camera 8 is recording. The camera 8 is located in front of the fracture simulation unit 7 and can record the migration process of the quartz sand micro-proppant in the fracture simulation unit 7 in real time. The experimenter can visually observe the movement trajectory, distribution and interaction of the proppant with the simulated fracture structure through the images taken by the camera 8, and can also capture the dynamic changes of the proppant under different experimental conditions, such as the changes in the speed, direction and accumulation form of the proppant with the changes in liquid pressure and flow rate. This helps to gain a deeper understanding of the migration law of the proppant in the simulated oil and gas production environment.

[0040] When the experiment is completed, the outlet valve 15 on the drainage pipe 17 is opened, and the liquid starts from the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit 7, passes through the drainage pipe 17 and the outlet valve 15 in sequence, and then flows out of the experimental device.

[0041] The different pressures of multiple pump bodies 18 can more realistically simulate the various pressure changes that may occur at different locations and stages during actual oil and gas production. This can comprehensively study the migration laws of quartz sand microproppants under different pressure conditions and provide a more accurate reference for actual fracturing operations.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 A placement rack 2 is provided on the top of the workbench 1, a liquid storage cylinder 3 is provided inside the placement rack 2, a liquid inlet pipe 4 is provided on the top of the liquid storage cylinder 3, a second pipe 13 is provided on the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 4, one end of the second pipe 13 is provided with a first pipe 9, one end of the first pipe 9 is provided with a third pipe 14, and liquid inlet valves 12 are provided inside the first pipe 9, the second pipe 13 and the third pipe 14.

[0043] The liquid inlet valve 12 in each pipeline can control whether the liquid flows in the corresponding pipeline. When the liquid inlet valve 12 is opened, the liquid can flow through the pipeline; when the liquid inlet valve 12 is closed, the liquid cannot pass through. In this way, by controlling the liquid inlet valves 12 of different pipelines, the distribution and flow control of the liquid between different pipelines can be achieved.

[0044] The first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14 are respectively connected to the pump bodies 18 with different pressure settings. The pump body 18 adjusts the flow rate of the liquid by applying pressure to the liquid in the pipeline. The pump bodies 18 with different pressures can make the liquid passing through the corresponding pipeline have different pressure and flow characteristics.

[0045] The design of multiple pipelines and liquid inlet valves 12 allows multiple experiments with different conditions to be carried out simultaneously, or different pressure and flow conditions can be quickly switched in the same experiment, which can reduce the number and time of experiments and improve experimental efficiency.

[0046] For example, in an experiment, the liquid inlet valve 12 of the first pipeline 9 can be opened to conduct the experiment, and then the liquid inlet valve 12 of the first pipeline 9 can be closed and the liquid inlet valve 12 of the second pipeline 13 can be opened to conduct an experiment under another condition without resetting the entire experimental device.

[0047] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 A pump body 18 is provided at one end of the first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14, a pressure sensor 10 is provided at one end of the first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14, and a filter 11 is provided at one end of each pressure sensor 10. Each filter 11 is respectively located at one end of the first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14, and the liquid storage cylinder 3 is arranged in a conical shape. The first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14 are respectively connected to the inner cylinder 5 of the corresponding wellbore simulation unit.

[0048] The pressure sensor 10 monitors the liquid pressure in the first pipeline 9, the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14 in real time. The pressure sensor 10 feeds back the pressure data to the control panel 16 so that the operator can accurately understand the pressure conditions in each pipeline. If abnormal pressure is found, the output pressure of the pump body 18 can be adjusted in time or the pipeline can be checked for blockage and other problems.

[0049] The filter 11 at one end of the first pipe 9, the second pipe 13 and the third pipe 14 filters the liquid that is about to enter the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit. Since the liquid may contain impurities, the filter 11 can remove these impurities and prevent them from entering the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit 7, thereby avoiding interference with the experimental results and damage to the equipment.

[0050] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 A control panel 16 is provided at one end of the workbench 1 , and the control panel 16 is electrically connected to the camera 8 , the pressure sensor 10 , the liquid inlet valve 12 , the liquid outlet valve 15 and the pump body 18 .

[0051] The control panel 16 is the central control unit of the quartz sand micro-proppant visualization migration experimental device, and is electrically connected to each key component. It can control the start, stop and shooting parameters of the camera 8, and receive image data for the experimenter to observe the migration of the proppant; the pressure sensor 10 transmits the pipeline pressure data to the control panel 16, through which the experimenter can understand the pressure state, and the control panel 16 can also send instructions to the pump body 18 to adjust the pressure; the opening and closing of the liquid inlet valve 12 and the liquid outlet valve 15 are controlled by the control panel 16 to regulate the liquid flow and timing; the control panel 16 can also adjust the speed and output power of the pump body 18 to change the liquid flow and pressure.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The present embodiment provides a method for a quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0054] First, a mixture of fracturing fluid and quartz sand micro-proppant in proportion is transported to the liquid storage cylinder 3 through the liquid inlet pipe 4. Before the experiment begins, various parameters are set on the control panel 16 according to the experimental design. During the experiment, the liquid inlet valve 12 of a pipeline (such as the first pipeline 9) is opened first, and the liquid inlet valves 12 of other pipelines (the second pipeline 13 and the third pipeline 14) are closed. Under the action of the pump body 18, the liquid in the liquid storage cylinder 3 is filtered out of impurities by the filter 11 of the corresponding pipeline, and then different pressures are applied by the pump body 18, and then flow into the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit 7. The pressure sensor 10 will monitor the liquid pressure in the pipeline in real time and feed back the pressure data to the control panel 16. The experimenter can understand the pressure situation through the control panel 16. If the pressure is abnormal, the output pressure of the pump body 18 can be adjusted in time or the pipeline can be checked for blockage.

[0055] During the liquid flow process, the camera 8 located in front of the fracture simulation unit 7 starts to work. Under the control of the control screen 16, it records the migration process of the quartz sand micro-proppant in the fracture simulation unit 7, including the movement trajectory, distribution of the proppant, interaction with the simulated fracture structure, and changes in the speed, direction and accumulation form of the proppant under different pressure and flow conditions. The experimenter can observe the images taken by the camera 8 through the control screen 16 and gain a deep understanding of the migration law of the proppant in the simulated oil and gas production environment.

[0056] When the experimental conditions need to be changed, for example, switching from the first pipeline 9 to the second pipeline 13 for experiment, the inlet valve 12 of the first pipeline 9 is closed first, and then the inlet valve 12 of the second pipeline 13 is opened to continue the experiment without resetting the entire experimental device. In this way, multiple experiments with different conditions can be carried out at the same time, or different pressure and flow conditions can be quickly switched in the same experiment, reducing the number and time of experiments and improving experimental efficiency.

[0057] When the experiment is completed, the experimenter opens the liquid outlet valve 15 on the liquid outlet pipe 17 through the control panel 16. The liquid starts from the inner tube 5 of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit 7, passes through the liquid outlet pipe 17 and the liquid outlet valve 15 in sequence, and flows out of the experimental device. After the experiment is completed, the experimental data can be analyzed and summarized to provide a reference for actual fracturing operations.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device, characterized in that: include: A workbench (1), wherein a plurality of experimental components are arranged on the top of the workbench (1); Each set of experimental components comprises an inner tube (5) of a wellbore simulation unit, a fracture simulation unit (7) is arranged on one side of the inner tube (5) of the wellbore simulation unit, a connecting pipe (6) is arranged between the inner tube (5) of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit (7), a camera (8) is arranged in front of the fracture simulation unit (7), a drainage pipe (17) is arranged at one end of the fracture simulation unit (7) away from the first pipe (9), and a liquid outlet valve (15) is arranged at one end of the drainage pipe (17).

2. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A placement rack (2) is provided on the top of the workbench (1), and a liquid storage cylinder (3) is provided inside the placement rack (2).

3. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the liquid storage cylinder (3) is connected to a liquid inlet pipe (4), the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe (4) is connected to a second pipe (13), and one end of the second pipe (13) is connected to the first pipe (9).

4. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first pipeline (9) is connected to a third pipeline (14), and the first pipeline (9), the second pipeline (13) and the third pipeline (14) are all provided with liquid inlet valves (12) inside.

5. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A pump body (18) is provided at one end of the first pipeline (9), the second pipeline (13) and the third pipeline (14).

6. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (10) is provided at one end of the first pipeline (9), the second pipeline (13) and the third pipeline (14); a filter (11) is provided at one end of each of the pressure sensors (10); and each of the filters (11) is located at one end of the first pipeline (9), the second pipeline (13) and the third pipeline (14), respectively.

7. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid storage cylinder (3) is arranged in a conical shape, and the first pipe (9), the second pipe (13) and the third pipe (14) are respectively connected to the inner cylinder (5) of the corresponding wellbore simulation unit.

8. A quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A control panel (16) is provided at one end of the workbench (1), and the control panel (16) is electrically connected to the camera (8), the pressure sensor (10), the liquid inlet valve (12), the liquid outlet valve (15) and the pump body (18).

9. A method for a quartz sand micro-proppant visualized migration experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, a mixture of fracturing fluid and quartz sand micro-proppant in a certain proportion is transported to the liquid storage cylinder (3) through the liquid inlet pipe (4). Before the experiment begins, various parameters are set on the control panel (16) according to the experimental design; During the experiment, the liquid inlet valve (12) of the first pipeline (9) is first opened, and the liquid inlet valves (12) of the second pipeline (13) and the third pipeline (14) are closed. Under the action of the pump body (18), the liquid in the liquid storage cylinder (3) is filtered out impurities through the filter (11) of the corresponding pipeline, and then is applied with different pressures by the pump body (18) and flows into the inner cylinder (5) of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit (7). The pressure sensor (10) monitors the liquid pressure in the pipeline in real time and feeds back the pressure data to the control panel (16). The experimenter can understand the pressure situation through the control panel (16). If the pressure is abnormal, the output pressure of the pump body (18) can be adjusted in time or the pipeline can be checked for blockage. During the liquid flow process, the camera (8) located in front of the fracture simulation unit (7) starts to work, and under the control of the control screen (16), records the migration process of the quartz sand micro-proppant in the fracture simulation unit (7), including the movement trajectory and distribution of the proppant, the interaction with the simulated fracture structure, and the changes in the speed, direction and accumulation form of the proppant under different pressure and flow conditions. The experimenter can observe the picture taken by the camera (8) through the control screen (16) to gain a deep understanding of the migration law of the proppant in the simulated oil and gas production environment; When the experimental conditions need to be changed, the experiment is switched from the first pipeline (9) to the second pipeline (13), the liquid inlet valve (12) of the first pipeline (9) is closed first, and then the liquid inlet valve (12) of the second pipeline (13) is opened to continue the experiment without resetting the entire experimental device, thereby simultaneously conducting multiple experiments under different conditions, or quickly switching between different pressure and flow conditions in the same experiment, thereby reducing the number and time of experiments and improving experimental efficiency; When the experiment is completed, the experimenter opens the liquid outlet valve (15) on the liquid outlet pipe (17) through the control panel (16), and the liquid starts from the inner tube (5) of the wellbore simulation unit and the fracture simulation unit (7), passes through the liquid outlet pipe (17), the liquid outlet valve (15) in sequence, and flows out of the experimental device. After the experiment is completed, the experimental data is analyzed and summarized to provide a reference for actual fracturing operations.

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