Method and system for measuring and calculating carbon emission of urban sewage treatment plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring and calculating carbon emission of an urban sewage treatment plant, and relates to the technical field of carbon emission measurement and calculation. Comprising a data collection module, a direct carbon emission accounting module, an indirect carbon emission accounting module, a negative carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission report module, an optimization suggestion module, a user interface module, a database management module and a system integration module. According to the method and the system for measuring and calculating the carbon emission of the urban sewage treatment plant, a plurality of accounting modules are integrated, including the direct carbon emission accounting module, the indirect carbon emission accounting module and the negative carbon emission accounting module, so that the operation data of the sewage treatment plant can be comprehensively collected and analyzed; according to the systematic method, the problem that an existing method depends on estimation and hypothesis is solved, so that the accuracy of carbon emission accounting is improved; meanwhile, through the application of an actual measurement method sub-module, the system can utilize field actual measurement data to carry out accounting, and the reliability of a measurement result is further enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission calculation, and in particular to a method and system for calculating carbon emission from a municipal sewage treatment plant. Background Art

[0002] As the global climate change problem becomes increasingly serious, reducing greenhouse gas emissions has become a common responsibility of the international community. As an important municipal infrastructure, urban sewage treatment plants produce a large amount of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), in the process of treating sewage. These gases have a significant impact on global climate change. Therefore, accurate measurement and accounting of carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants is of great significance for formulating effective emission reduction strategies and achieving sustainable development.

[0003] However, existing carbon emission measurement methods often lack systematicity and accuracy, and it is difficult to fully reflect the actual carbon emissions of sewage treatment plants. Some methods rely on estimates and assumptions rather than actual measurement data, resulting in large errors in the measurement results. In addition, existing systems usually do not integrate the accounting of negative carbon emissions, such as the use of sewage heat energy, the use of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge, and the use of recycled water instead of tap water. These measures can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of sewage treatment plants.

[0004] To this end, the present invention proposes a more accurate and comprehensive method and system for measuring carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants, aiming to provide sewage treatment plants with a comprehensive and accurate carbon emissions management tool through advanced data collection, accounting and reporting mechanisms. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for measuring carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants, which solves the problems that the existing methods mentioned in the background technology lack systematicness and accuracy and do not integrate negative carbon emission accounting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a method and system for calculating carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants, including a data collection module, a direct carbon emission accounting module, an indirect carbon emission accounting module, a negative carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission reporting module, an optimization suggestion module, a user interface module, a database management module and a system integration module;

[0007] The data collection module is used to collect the sewage treatment plant's influent water quality data (such as BOD5, TN, CODCr), energy consumption data (electricity, fuel consumption), reagent usage data (carbon source, flocculant, disinfectant) and equipment operation data (blower, pump), providing basic data support for carbon emission accounting;

[0008] The direct carbon emission accounting module is used to accurately calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O directly generated by microbial decomposition of organic matter and chemical reactions during sewage treatment using emission factor method, material balance method, dynamic mechanism model method and actual measurement method;

[0009] The indirect carbon emission accounting module is used to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions generated by the sewage treatment plant due to the use of purchased energy (such as electricity), including energy consumption emissions and material consumption emissions, and is usually calculated using the emission factor method;

[0010] The negative carbon emission accounting module is used to evaluate the net reduction in carbon emissions achieved through improving energy efficiency, using renewable energy, carbon capture and increasing carbon sinks, including wastewater thermal energy utilization, chemical energy utilization and tailwater recycling;

[0011] The carbon emission reporting module is used to summarize the calculation results of each module and generate a carbon emission report containing key indicators such as total carbon emissions, emission intensity, and emission factors;

[0012] The optimization suggestion module is used to provide operation optimization suggestions based on the carbon emission accounting results, including strategies in energy management, process improvement, and resource recovery to reduce carbon emissions;

[0013] The user interface module is used to provide a user operation interface, including data input, result display, and report generation, allowing users to select different calculation methods and parameters according to different needs;

[0014] The database management module is used to store and manage all relevant data, including historical data and real-time data, and supports data query, backup and recovery functions;

[0015] The system integration module is used to integrate all the above modules into a unified platform, ensure the smooth flow of data and information, and realize effective communication between modules.

[0016] Preferably, the direct carbon emission accounting module includes:

[0017] Emission factor method submodule: Calculate CH4 and N2O emissions based on the emission factors provided by IPCC;

[0018] Material balance method submodule: Estimate CO2 and CH4 emissions through mass balance principle;

[0019] Dynamic mechanism model method module: simulate the microbial biochemical reactions in the sewage treatment process and predict greenhouse gas emissions;

[0020] Field measurement method module: collect field measurement data and directly calculate emissions.

[0021] Preferably, the calculation formula of the emission factor method submodule is:

[0022] E GHG =AD×EF

[0023] Where: E GHG is the greenhouse gas emissions; AD is the activity data (such as fuel consumption), EF is the emission factor (greenhouse gas emission coefficient per unit activity data);

[0024] The calculation formula of the material balance submodule is:

[0025]

[0026] Where: E CO2 is carbon dioxide emissions; M in is the amount of raw material input; C in is the carbon content of raw materials; M out Product output; C out M is the carbon content of the product; waste is the waste output; C waste is the carbon content of the waste; is the molar mass ratio of carbon converted to CO2;

[0027] The calculation formula of the measured method submodule is:

[0028] G=C×Q×T

[0029] Among them: G is the pollutant emission; C is the measured concentration of the pollutant; Q is the emission of wastewater or waste gas per unit time; T is the pollutant emission time.

[0030] Preferably, the indirect carbon emission accounting module includes:

[0031] Energy consumption emission submodule: calculates carbon emissions caused by electricity and fossil fuel consumption;

[0032] Material consumption emission submodule: calculates carbon emissions during the production and transportation of chemical agents.

[0033] Preferably, the calculation formula of the energy consumption emission submodule is:

[0034] Electricity emissions: E electricity = electricity × EF electricity E electricity = electricity × EF electricity

[0035] Fossil fuel emissions: E fossil fuel = consumption × EF fossil fuel E fossil fuel = consumption × EF fossil fuel

[0036] Where: E electricity = carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption; electricity = consumption of purchased electricity (kWh); EF electricity = emission factor of electricity (tons of CO2 / kWh); E fossil fuel = carbon emissions caused by fossil fuel consumption; consumption = consumption of fossil fuels (e.g. cubic meters of natural gas, tons of coal); EF fossil fuel = emission factor of fossil fuels;

[0037] The calculation formula of the material consumption emission submodule is:

[0038] Chemical agent discharge: E chemical agent = consumption × EF chemical agent E chemical agent = consumption × EF chemical agent

[0039] Among them: E chemical agents = carbon emissions caused by the use of chemical agents; consumption = consumption of chemical agents (such as tons of flocculants, liters of disinfectants); EF chemical agents = emission factor of chemical agents (tons of CO2 / ton of flocculants, tons of CO2 / liter of disinfectant).

[0040] Preferably, the negative carbon emission accounting module includes:

[0041] Wastewater heat energy utilization submodule: estimates the carbon emission reduction from wastewater heat energy recovery and utilization;

[0042] Wastewater chemical energy utilization submodule: estimates the carbon emission reduction from the utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge;

[0043] Tailwater recycling submodule: Estimate the carbon emission reduction when using recycled water instead of tap water.

[0044] Preferably, the calculation formula of the sewage heat energy utilization submodule is:

[0045] E heat energy = Q heat × T heat × EF heat E heat energy = Q heat × T heat × EF heat

[0046] Among them: Eheat is the carbon emission reduction from sewage heat recovery; Qheat is the sewage heat recovery (such as kilowatt-hour); Theat is the heat utilization time (hours); EFheat is the carbon emission factor of heat replacement (tons CO2 / kilowatt-hour).

[0047] Preferably, the calculation formula of the sewage chemical energy utilization submodule is:

[0048] E chemical energy = Q chemical energy × EF chemical energy

[0049] Among them: E chemical energy is the carbon emission reduction of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; Q chemical is the amount of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge (cubic meters); EF chemical is the carbon emission factor of biogas replacement (tons of CO2 / cubic meter);

[0050] The calculation formula of the tail water recycling submodule is: E recycled water = V recycled water × EF recycled water

[0051] Among them: E recycled water = carbon emission reduction by replacing tap water with recycled water; V recycled water = recycled water usage (cubic meters); EF recycled water = carbon emission factor of recycled water replacement (tons CO2 / cubic meter).

[0052] Preferably, the steps are as follows:

[0053] S01. Data collection: Through the data collection module, the sewage treatment plant’s influent water quality data (such as BOD5, TN, CODCr), energy consumption data (electricity, fuel consumption), reagent usage data (carbon source, flocculant, disinfectant) and equipment operation data (blower, pump) are collected; these data provide basic data support for subsequent carbon emission accounting;

[0054] S02. Direct carbon emission accounting: Using the direct carbon emission accounting module, the emission factor method module calculates CH4 and N2O emissions based on the emission factors provided by the IPCC; the material balance method module estimates CO2 and CH4 emissions through the mass balance principle; the dynamic mechanism model method module predicts greenhouse gas emissions by simulating microbial biochemical reactions in the sewage treatment process; the field measurement data is collected through the measurement method module to directly calculate emissions;

[0055] S03. Indirect carbon emission accounting: Through the indirect carbon emission accounting module, the carbon emissions caused by electricity and fossil fuel consumption are calculated through the energy consumption emission submodule; the carbon emissions during the production and transportation of chemical agents are calculated through the material consumption emission submodule;

[0056] S04. Negative carbon emission accounting: Using the negative carbon emission accounting module, the wastewater thermal energy utilization submodule is used to estimate the carbon emission reduction from wastewater thermal energy recovery and utilization; through the wastewater chemical energy utilization submodule: the carbon emission reduction from the utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge is estimated; through the tail water recycling submodule, the carbon emission reduction from the use of recycled water instead of tap water is estimated;

[0057] S05. Carbon emission report generation: Through the carbon emission report module, the calculation results of each module are summarized to generate a carbon emission report containing key indicators such as total carbon emissions, emission intensity, and emission factors;

[0058] S06. Optimization suggestion provision: Based on the carbon emission accounting results, the optimization suggestion module provides operation optimization suggestions, including strategies in energy management, process improvement, and resource recovery to reduce carbon emissions;

[0059] S07. System integration and user interaction: Through the system integration module, all modules are integrated into a unified platform to ensure smooth data and information flow and achieve effective communication between modules; the user interface module provides a user operation interface, including data input, result display, and report generation, allowing users to select different accounting methods and parameters according to different needs.

[0060] The present invention provides a method and system for calculating carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] (1) Improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of carbon emission accounting: The urban sewage treatment plant carbon emission calculation method and system of the present invention can comprehensively collect and analyze the operation data of the sewage treatment plant by integrating multiple accounting modules, including a direct carbon emission accounting module, an indirect carbon emission accounting module and a negative carbon emission accounting module; this systematic approach solves the problem that the existing methods rely on estimates and assumptions, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon emission accounting; at the same time, through the application of the actual measurement method module, the system can use on-site measured data for accounting, further enhancing the reliability of the measurement results.

[0062] (2) Promote energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon neutrality in sewage treatment plants: The system can not only calculate the carbon emissions of sewage treatment plants, but also evaluate the net reduction in carbon emissions achieved through improving energy efficiency, using renewable energy, carbon capture and increasing carbon sinks through the negative carbon emission accounting module; these measures help sewage treatment plants reduce their dependence on fossil fuels, reduce energy consumption and achieve sustainable energy utilization; in addition, through the operational optimization suggestions provided by the optimization suggestion module, sewage treatment plants can take specific actions to reduce carbon emissions and promote the realization of carbon neutrality goals.

[0063] (3) Enhance carbon emission management and decision support of sewage treatment plants: The system provided by the present invention has a user interface module and a database management module, so that managers of sewage treatment plants can easily input data, view accounting results and generate carbon emission reports; this interactive operation interface and powerful data management functions enable managers to timely understand the carbon emission status of sewage treatment plants, and provide decision support for formulating emission reduction strategies and optimizing operations; in addition, the system integration module ensures effective communication and data sharing between various modules, thereby improving the operating efficiency and data processing capabilities of the entire system.

[0064] This solves the problem that existing methods lack systematicity and accuracy and do not integrate negative carbon emissions accounting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a method and system for calculating carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants, including a data collection module, a direct carbon emission accounting module, an indirect carbon emission accounting module, a negative carbon emission accounting module, a carbon emission reporting module, an optimization suggestion module, a user interface module, a database management module and a system integration module; the data collection module is used to collect the influent water quality data (such as BOD5, TN, CODCr), energy consumption data (electricity, fuel consumption), agent usage data (carbon source, flocculant, disinfectant) and equipment operation data (blower, pump) of the sewage treatment plant to provide basic data support for carbon emission accounting; the direct carbon emission accounting module is used to use the emission factor method, material balance method, dynamic mechanism model method and actual measurement method to accurately calculate the CO2, CH4 and N2O greenhouse gas emissions directly generated by microbial decomposition of organic matter and chemical reactions during sewage treatment; the indirect carbon emission accounting module is used to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions generated by the sewage treatment plant due to the use of purchased energy (such as electricity), including energy consumption emissions and material consumption emissions , usually the emission factor method is used for accounting; the negative carbon emission accounting module is used to evaluate the net reduction of carbon emissions achieved by improving energy efficiency, using renewable energy, carbon capture and increasing carbon sink measures, including wastewater thermal energy utilization, chemical energy utilization and tail water recycling utilization; the carbon emission reporting module is used to summarize the accounting results of each module and generate a carbon emission report containing key indicators of total carbon emissions, emission intensity and emission factors; the optimization suggestion module is used to provide operation optimization suggestions based on the carbon emission accounting results, including energy management, process improvement, and resource recovery strategies to reduce carbon emissions; the user interface module is used to provide a user operation interface, including data input, result display, and report generation, allowing users to select different accounting methods and parameters according to different needs; the database management module is used to store and manage all relevant data, including historical data and real-time data, and supports data query, backup and recovery functions; the system integration module is used to integrate all the above modules into a unified platform; ensure the smooth flow of data and information flow, and realize effective communication between modules.

[0069] The direct carbon emission accounting module includes: an emission factor method module: calculating CH4 and N2O emissions based on the emission factors provided by the IPCC; a material balance method module: estimating CO2 and CH4 emissions through the mass balance principle; a dynamic mechanism model method module: simulating microbial biochemical reactions in the sewage treatment process and predicting greenhouse gas emissions; a measurement method module: collecting on-site measured data and directly calculating emissions.

[0070] The calculation formula of the emission factor method submodule is:

[0071] E GHG =AD×EF

[0072] Where: E GHG is the greenhouse gas emissions; AD is the activity data (such as fuel consumption), EF is the emission factor (greenhouse gas emission coefficient per unit activity data);

[0073] The calculation formula of the material balance submodule is:

[0074]

[0075] Where: E CO2 is carbon dioxide emissions; M in is the amount of raw material input; C in is the carbon content of raw materials; M out Product output; C out M is the carbon content of the product; waste is the waste output; C waste is the carbon content of the waste; is the molar mass ratio of carbon converted to CO2;

[0076] The calculation formula of the measured method submodule is:

[0077] G=C×Q×T

[0078] Among them: G is the pollutant emission; C is the measured concentration of the pollutant; Q is the emission of wastewater or waste gas per unit time; T is the pollutant emission time.

[0079] The indirect carbon emission accounting module includes: an energy consumption emission submodule: calculating the carbon emissions caused by electricity and fossil fuel consumption; a material consumption emission submodule: calculating the carbon emissions during the production and transportation of chemical agents.

[0080] The calculation formula of the energy consumption emission submodule is:

[0081] Electricity emissions: E electricity = electricity × EF electricity E electricity = electricity × EF electricity

[0082] Fossil fuel emissions: E fossil fuel = consumption × EF fossil fuel E fossil fuel = consumption × EF fossil fuel

[0083] Where: E electricity = carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption; electricity = consumption of purchased electricity (kWh); EF electricity = emission factor of electricity (tons of CO2 / kWh); E fossil fuel = carbon emissions caused by fossil fuel consumption; consumption = consumption of fossil fuels (e.g. cubic meters of natural gas, tons of coal); EF fossil fuel = emission factor of fossil fuels;

[0084] The calculation formula of the material consumption emission submodule is:

[0085] Chemical agent discharge: E chemical agent = consumption × EF chemical agent E chemical agent = consumption × EF chemical agent

[0086] Among them: E chemical agents = carbon emissions caused by the use of chemical agents; consumption = consumption of chemical agents (such as tons of flocculants, liters of disinfectants); EF chemical agents = emission factor of chemical agents (tons of CO2 / ton of flocculants, tons of CO2 / liter of disinfectant).

[0087] The negative carbon emission accounting module includes: a sewage thermal energy utilization submodule: estimating the carbon emission reduction from sewage thermal energy recovery and utilization; a sewage chemical energy utilization submodule: estimating the carbon emission reduction from the utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; a tail water recycling submodule: estimating the carbon emission reduction from the use of recycled water instead of tap water.

[0088] The calculation formula of the sewage heat energy utilization submodule is:

[0089] E heat energy = Q heat × T heat × EF heat E heat energy = Q heat × T heat × EF heat

[0090] Among them: Eheat is the carbon emission reduction from sewage heat recovery; Qheat is the sewage heat recovery (such as kilowatt-hour); Theat is the heat utilization time (hours); EFheat is the carbon emission factor of heat replacement (tons CO2 / kilowatt-hour).

[0091] The calculation formula of the sewage chemical energy utilization submodule is:

[0092] E chemical energy = Q chemical energy × EF chemical energy

[0093] Among them: E chemical energy is the carbon emission reduction of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; Q chemical is the amount of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge (cubic meters); EF chemical is the carbon emission factor of biogas replacement (tons of CO2 / cubic meter);

[0094] The calculation formula of the tail water recycling submodule is: E recycled water = V recycled water × EF recycled water

[0095] Among them: E recycled water = carbon emission reduction by replacing tap water with recycled water; V recycled water = recycled water usage (cubic meters); EF recycled water = carbon emission factor of recycled water replacement (tons CO2 / cubic meter).

[0096] See also Figure 2 , a method for calculating carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants, the steps of which are as follows:

[0097] S01. Data collection: Through the data collection module, the sewage treatment plant's influent water quality data (such as BOD5, TN, CODCr), energy consumption data (electricity, fuel consumption), agent usage data (carbon source, flocculant, disinfectant) and equipment operation data (blower, pump) are collected; these data provide basic data support for subsequent carbon emission accounting; S02. Direct carbon emission accounting: Using the direct carbon emission accounting module, the emission factor method submodule is used to calculate the CH4 and N2O emissions based on the emission factors provided by the IPCC; the material balance method submodule estimates CO2 and CH4 emissions through the mass balance principle; the dynamic mechanism model method submodule predicts greenhouse gas emissions by simulating microbial biochemical reactions in the sewage treatment process; the field measured data is collected through the actual measurement method submodule to directly calculate emissions; S03. Indirect carbon emission accounting: Through the indirect carbon emission accounting module, the carbon emissions caused by electricity and fossil fuel consumption are calculated through the energy consumption emission submodule; the carbon emissions during the production and transportation of chemical agents are calculated through the material consumption emission submodule; S 04. Negative carbon emission accounting: Using the negative carbon emission accounting module, the carbon emission reduction from sewage heat energy recovery and utilization is estimated through the sewage chemical energy utilization submodule; through the sewage chemical energy utilization submodule: estimate the carbon emission reduction from the utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; through the tail water recycling submodule, estimate the carbon emission reduction from the use of recycled water instead of tap water; S05. Carbon emission report generation: Through the carbon emission report module, the accounting results of each module are summarized to generate a carbon emission report containing key indicators such as total carbon emissions, emission intensity, and emission factors; S06. Optimization suggestion provision: Based on the carbon emission accounting results, the optimization suggestion module provides operational optimization suggestions, including energy management, process improvement, and resource recovery strategies to reduce carbon emissions; S07. System integration and user interaction: Through the system integration module, all modules are integrated into a unified platform to ensure smooth data and information flow and achieve effective communication between modules; The user interface module provides a user operation interface, including data input, result display, and report generation, allowing users to select different accounting methods and parameters according to different needs.

[0098] Table 1: Carbon emission calculation and optimization effect data of urban sewage treatment plants

[0099] project Data Category Data for December 2023 Data for December 2024 Change A Influent BOD5(mg / L) 120 115 -5 B Energy consumption (kWh) 8000 7800 -200 C Fuel consumption (L) 100 80 -20 D Carbon source usage (kg) 20 15 -5 E Direct carbon emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O) (kg) 4025 3800 -225 F Indirect carbon emissions (electricity and fuel) (kg) 4300 4100 -200 G Negative carbon emissions (wastewater heat, chemical energy, recycled water utilization) (kg) -800 -1000 -200 H Total carbon emissions (kg) 4525 3900 -625

[0100] Projects A to D show improvements in influent water quality and energy consumption data, which help reduce energy consumption and chemical use in the sewage treatment process, thereby reducing carbon emissions. Projects E and F show the reduction of direct and indirect carbon emissions, which is achieved through process optimization, energy efficiency improvement and energy management. Project G shows the increase in negative carbon emissions achieved through measures such as sewage thermal energy utilization, biogas generated by anaerobic digestion of sludge, and the use of recycled water instead of tap water. The total carbon emissions of Project H are a summary of the results of direct carbon emissions, indirect carbon emissions and negative carbon emissions, reflecting a significant reduction in the overall carbon emissions level of the sewage treatment plant.

[0101] From this table, we can see that after the sewage treatment plant implemented the carbon emission measurement method and system, through a series of optimization measures, the carbon emissions have been significantly reduced, which reflects the emission reduction effect of the system and its positive impact on the operation of the sewage treatment plant.

[0102] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0103] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A carbon emission calculation system for a municipal sewage treatment plant, characterized in that: It includes data collection module, direct carbon emission accounting module, indirect carbon emission accounting module, negative carbon emission accounting module, carbon emission reporting module, optimization suggestion module, user interface module, database management module and system integration module; The data collection module is used to collect the sewage treatment plant's influent water quality data (such as BOD5, TN, CODCr), energy consumption data (electricity, fuel consumption), reagent usage data (carbon source, flocculant, disinfectant) and equipment operation data (blower, pump), providing basic data support for carbon emission accounting; The direct carbon emission accounting module is used to accurately calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O directly generated by microbial decomposition of organic matter and chemical reactions during sewage treatment using emission factor method, material balance method, dynamic mechanism model method and actual measurement method; The indirect carbon emission accounting module is used to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions generated by the sewage treatment plant due to the use of purchased energy (such as electricity), including energy consumption emissions and material consumption emissions, and is usually calculated using the emission factor method; The negative carbon emission accounting module is used to evaluate the net reduction in carbon emissions achieved through improving energy efficiency, using renewable energy, carbon capture and increasing carbon sinks, including wastewater thermal energy utilization, chemical energy utilization and tailwater recycling; The carbon emission reporting module is used to summarize the calculation results of each module and generate a carbon emission report containing key indicators such as total carbon emissions, emission intensity, and emission factors; The optimization suggestion module is used to provide operation optimization suggestions based on the carbon emission accounting results, including strategies in energy management, process improvement, and resource recovery to reduce carbon emissions; The user interface module is used to provide a user operation interface, including data input, result display, and report generation, allowing users to select different calculation methods and parameters according to different needs; The database management module is used to store and manage all relevant data, including historical data and real-time data, and supports data query, backup and recovery functions; The system integration module is used to integrate all the above modules into a unified platform; Ensure smooth data and information flow and achieve effective communication between modules.

2. According to claim 1, a carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants is characterized by: The direct carbon emission accounting module includes: Emission factor method submodule: Calculates CH4 and N20 emissions based on the emission factors provided by IPCC; Material balance method submodule: Estimate CO2 and CH4 emissions through mass balance principle; Dynamic mechanism model method module: simulate the microbial biochemical reactions in the sewage treatment process and predict greenhouse gas emissions; Field measurement method module: collect field measurement data and directly calculate emissions.

3. A carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the emission factor method submodule is: AND GHG =AD×EF Where: E GHG is the greenhouse gas emissions; AD is the activity data (such as fuel consumption), EF is the emission factor (greenhouse gas emission coefficient per unit activity data); The calculation formula of the material balance submodule is: Where: E CO2 is carbon dioxide emissions; M in is the amount of raw material input; C in is the carbon content of raw materials; M out Product output; C out M is the carbon content of the product; waste is the waste output; C waste is the carbon content of the waste; is the molar mass ratio of carbon converted into C02; The calculation formula of the measured method submodule is: G=C×Q×T Among them: G is the pollutant emission; C is the measured concentration of the pollutant; Q is the emission of wastewater or waste gas per unit time; T is the pollutant emission time.

4. According to claim 1, a carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants is characterized by: The indirect carbon emission accounting module includes: Energy consumption emission submodule: calculates carbon emissions caused by electricity and fossil fuel consumption; Material consumption emission submodule: calculates carbon emissions during the production and transportation of chemical agents.

5. A carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the energy consumption emission submodule is: Electricity emissions: E electricity = electricity × EF electricity E electricity = electricity × EF electricity Fossil fuel emissions: E fossil fuel = consumption × EF fossil fuel E fossil fuel = consumption × EF fossil fuel Where: E electricity = carbon emissions caused by electricity consumption; electricity = consumption of purchased electricity (kWh); EF electricity = emission factor of electricity (tons of CO2 / kWh); E fossil fuel = carbon emissions caused by fossil fuel consumption; consumption = consumption of fossil fuels (e.g. cubic meters of natural gas, tons of coal); EF fossil fuel = emission factor of fossil fuels; The calculation formula of the material consumption emission submodule is: Chemical agent discharge: E chemical agent = consumption × EF chemical agent E chemical agent = consumption × EF chemical agent Among them: E chemical agents = carbon emissions caused by the use of chemical agents; consumption = consumption of chemical agents (such as tons of flocculants, liters of disinfectants); EF chemical agents = emission factor of chemical agents (tons of CO2 / ton of flocculants, tons of CO2 / liter of disinfectant).

6. The carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants according to claim 1 is characterized by: The negative carbon emission accounting module includes: Wastewater heat energy utilization submodule: estimates the carbon emission reduction from wastewater heat energy recovery and utilization; Wastewater chemical energy utilization submodule: estimates the carbon emission reduction from the utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; Tailwater recycling submodule: Estimate the carbon emission reduction when using recycled water instead of tap water.

7. A carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the sewage heat energy utilization submodule is: E heat energy = Q heat × T heat × EF heat E heat energy = Q heat × T heat × EF heat Among them: Eheat is the carbon emission reduction from sewage heat recovery; Qheat is the sewage heat recovery (such as kilowatt-hour); Theat is the heat utilization time (hours); EFheat is the carbon emission factor of heat replacement (tons CO2 / kilowatt-hour).

8. The carbon emission calculation system for urban sewage treatment plants according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation formula of the sewage chemical energy utilization submodule is: E chemical energy = Q chemical energy × EF chemical energy Among them: E chemical energy is the carbon emission reduction of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; Q chemical is the amount of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge (cubic meters); EF chemical is the carbon emission factor of biogas replacement (tons of CO2 / cubic meter); The calculation formula of the tail water recycling submodule is: E recycled water = V recycled water × EF recycled water Among them: E recycled water = carbon emission reduction by replacing tap water with recycled water; V recycled water = recycled water usage (cubic meters); EF recycled water = carbon emission factor of recycled water replacement (tons CO2 / cubic meter).

9. A method for calculating carbon emissions from urban sewage treatment plants according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S01. Data collection: Through the data collection module, the sewage treatment plant’s influent water quality data (such as BOD5, TN, CODCr), energy consumption data (electricity, fuel consumption), reagent usage data (carbon source, flocculant, disinfectant) and equipment operation data (blower, pump) are collected; these data provide basic data support for subsequent carbon emission accounting; S02. Direct carbon emission accounting: Using the direct carbon emission accounting module, the emission factor method module calculates CH4 and N2O emissions based on the emission factors provided by the IPCC; the material balance method module estimates CO2 and CH4 emissions through the mass balance principle; the dynamic mechanism model method module predicts greenhouse gas emissions by simulating microbial biochemical reactions in the sewage treatment process; the field measurement data is collected through the measurement method module to directly calculate emissions; S03. Indirect carbon emission accounting: Through the indirect carbon emission accounting module, the carbon emissions caused by electricity and fossil fuel consumption are calculated through the energy consumption emission submodule; the carbon emissions during the production and transportation of chemical agents are calculated through the material consumption emission submodule; S04. Negative carbon emission accounting: Use the negative carbon emission accounting module to estimate the carbon emission reduction from wastewater heat energy recovery and utilization through the wastewater heat energy utilization submodule; Through the sewage chemical energy utilization submodule: estimate the carbon emission reduction from the utilization of biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of sludge; The tailwater recycling submodule is used to estimate the carbon emission reduction of using recycled water instead of tap water; S05. Carbon emission report generation: Through the carbon emission report module, the calculation results of each module are summarized to generate a carbon emission report containing key indicators such as total carbon emissions, emission intensity, and emission factors; S06. Optimization suggestion provision: Based on the carbon emission accounting results, the optimization suggestion module provides operation optimization suggestions, including strategies in energy management, process improvement, and resource recovery to reduce carbon emissions; S07. System integration and user interaction: Through the system integration module, all modules are integrated into a unified platform to ensure smooth data and information flow and achieve effective communication between modules; The user interface module provides a user operation interface, including data input, result display, and report generation, allowing users to select different calculation methods and parameters according to different needs.

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