Fuel cell activation method, device and equipment and storage medium
By selecting the electrical point in the voltage interval in the activation of the fuel cell and combining the cycle pull -down load and the cathode hunger technology, the problem of long activation time, high cost and difficult operation in the existing fuel cell activation method, realizing fast operation, realization of rapid operation, achievement quickly achieved quickly, and achieved rapid operation. , Efficient activation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411478015.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing fuel cell activation methods have problems such as long activation time, high cost and high operation difficulty, and are relatively low in versatility, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid activation.
By measuring the polarization curve of the fuel cell, the electrical point in the given voltage interval is selected to activate, combined with the cyclic pull -up load coupling correction correction correction method, simplify the operation and improve efficiency.
It achieves fast and efficient fuel cell activation, improves the versatility of the activation strategy, reduces the difficulty and cost of operation, and significantly improves the activation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119361754A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell activation method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Art
[0002] As the greenhouse effect becomes increasingly prominent, fuel cell technology has once again attracted widespread attention. PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) is one of them and is also the most promising fuel cell to replace internal combustion engines and be used commercially on a large scale.
[0003] However, a pain point associated with the large-scale commercial application of PEMFC is fuel cell activation, where long activation time and high cost are particularly prominent. Fuel cell activation is an essential step before a fuel cell is put into use offline. Activation can eliminate the negative impact of various adverse factors introduced during the production process on battery performance, reduce activation losses, ohmic losses, and mass transfer losses of newly produced fuel cells, and thus enable newly produced fuel cells to operate safely and stably for a long time. Usually, during the entire activation process, battery performance gradually improves, and when the battery voltage or current reaches a stable plateau, the fuel cell activation is considered complete. It takes a long time to reach a stable plateau, which reduces the efficiency of activation.
[0004] At present, there is no shortage of fuel cell activation strategies. The main problem is the contradiction between the activation time, operation difficulty and scope of application. Methods such as high pulse activation and short circuit activation can completely activate PEMFC in about 1 hour, but the precise control of the membrane electrode activation process is required to be high, otherwise the membrane electrode will be damaged. In other words, these activation methods are highly specific and not universal. Furthermore, for example, the circulating current load activation method, under high humidity and pressure, the cyclic load is dense. This activation method is easy to operate and is a more universal fuel cell activation method at this stage, but it takes a long time, about 14 hours, and the activation efficiency is too low to meet the needs of rapid activation of fuel cells. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present application provides a fuel cell activation method, device, equipment and storage medium, which selects an electric density point from a given voltage range to activate the fuel cell, thereby improving the versatility of the activation strategy and simplifying the operation and improving the efficiency by using a cathode starvation method corrected by cyclic load-drop coupling.
[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell activation method, the fuel cell activation method comprising:
[0007] Measure the polarization curve of the fuel cell and select the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell;
[0008] Loading and unloading are performed based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points;
[0009] When the load is reduced to the minimum voltage density point, it is determined whether the current voltage of the maximum voltage density point and the minimum voltage density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within the threshold range;
[0010] If the voltage changes at the maximum and minimum electrical density points are both within the threshold range, activation is completed.
[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, if the voltage changes of the maximum density point and the minimum density point are not both within the threshold range, the load is reduced from the minimum density point to the preset density interval, and the cathode starvation operation is performed, and the load is repeatedly increased and reduced between the maximum density point and the minimum density point until the voltage changes are both within the threshold range.
[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, selecting the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell includes:
[0013] According to the actual performance of the fuel cell, at least one electric density point for activation is selected in each of at least two given voltage intervals.
[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, it is determined that the fuel cell performance is at a power density interval point N1 of 0.6 to 0.5 V, the performance is at a power density interval point N2 of 0.5 to 0.4 V, and the performance is at a power density interval point N3 of 0.4 to 0.35 V;
[0015] Each of N1, N2 and N3 includes at least one electrical density point.
[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the value ranges of the N1, N2 and N3 electric density points are 1.6 to 2.4 A / cm 2 , 2.0~3.0A / cm 2 , 2.4~3.3A / cm 2 .
[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the step of increasing or decreasing the load based on the maximum electrical density point and the minimum electrical density point among the electrical density points includes:
[0018] The fuel cell is loaded to the N1 power density point and stays there for 1 to 4 minutes, then loaded to the N2 power density point and stays there for another 1 to 4 minutes, and then loaded to the N3 power density point and stays there for 2 to 6 minutes;
[0019] After the loading is completed, the load is reduced from the N3 density point to the N1 density point in sequence, and each density point stays for 1 to 4 minutes.
[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, after the load is reduced to the N1 electrical density point, the polarization condition is returned to the minimum electrical density point in N1 and remains there for 1 to 2 minutes.
[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, when the load is reduced to the minimum electrical density point, determining whether the current voltage of the maximum electrical density point and the minimum electrical density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within a threshold range includes:
[0022] When the load is reduced to the minimum electric density point, it is determined whether the change of the current voltage under the maximum electric density point activation condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range;
[0023] And determine whether the change of the current voltage under the minimum electrical density point polarization condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range.
[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, when the current voltage under the activation condition of the maximum electrical density point and the current voltage under the polarization condition of the minimum electrical density point change by less than 5mv relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages, the activation is completed.
[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, before the load is increased or decreased based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points, the method further includes:
[0026] Hydrogen is passed through the anode and nitrogen is passed through the cathode until the test conditions are met, and then the cathode is switched to air for activation testing;
[0027] The test conditions include:
[0028] The fuel cell temperature is controlled at 80±5℃;
[0029] The intake air flow rate is controlled at the anode stoichiometric ratio of 1.5±1 and the cathode stoichiometric ratio of 2±0.5 according to the excess coefficient;
[0030] Inlet air humidity is controlled at 80±5%RH at cathode and 70±10%RH at anode;
[0031] The fuel cell back pressure is controlled at 1.5±0.3 bar at the anode and 1.3±0.3 bar at the cathode.
[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, the step of reducing the load from the minimum current density point to a preset current density interval to perform cathode starvation operation includes:
[0033] After the load is reduced from the minimum current density point to the preset current density range, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to 0.7-0.9, and when the voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.2V, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to not less than 1.6.
[0034] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the rate of change of the load pull and load drop is 0.02A / (cm 2 *s).
[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the preset current density range is 100-200 mA / cm 2 .
[0036] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell activation device, the fuel cell activation device comprising:
[0037] A measurement module is used to measure the polarization curve of the fuel cell and select the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell;
[0038] A load-increasing and load-reducing module, which performs load-increasing and load-reducing based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points;
[0039] The judgment module is used to judge whether the current voltage of the maximum and minimum voltage density points relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are within the threshold range when the load is reduced to the minimum voltage density point; if the voltage changes of the maximum and minimum voltage density points are within the threshold range, the activation ends.
[0040] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell activation device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a fuel cell activation program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the fuel cell activation program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned fuel cell activation method are implemented.
[0041] In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores a fuel cell activation program, wherein when the fuel cell activation program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned fuel cell activation method are implemented.
[0042] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application include at least:
[0043] The fuel cell activation method in the present application measures the polarization curve of the fuel cell, and selects a charge density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell; loads and reduces the load based on the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point among the charge density points; when the load is reduced to the minimum charge density point, it is determined whether the current voltage changes of the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within a threshold range; if the voltage changes of the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point are both within the threshold range, activation is terminated; if the voltage changes of the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point are not both within the threshold range, the load is reduced from the minimum charge density point to a preset charge density range, a cathode starvation operation is performed, and the load and load reduction are repeated between the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point until the voltage changes are all within the threshold range.
[0044] That is, the polarization curve of the fuel cell is measured before activation, and the electric density point is selected from a given voltage range to activate the fuel cell according to the actual performance of the fuel cell, thereby improving the versatility of the activation strategy. By limiting the cyclic loading voltage range of the variable current method and coupling the corrected cathode starvation method, the operation is simplified and the efficiency is improved.
[0045] At the same time, the present application also proposes a method for efficiently and accurately determining the end of fuel cell activation, that is, the activation ends when the voltage of the polarization condition of the maximum electric density point in N3 and the minimum electric density point in N1 during load reduction is less than 5mV compared with the previous round of changes. These two points are selected as the marking points for judging the end of activation, mainly because at the N3 electric density point, on the one hand, the membrane electrode is in a wetting state, and the performance will not fluctuate too much due to the deviation of the membrane electrode water state, thereby affecting the judgment result. On the other hand, since the given dosage of activation is relatively large, it will cover up the mass transfer loss of the large electric density point to a certain extent. Therefore, the load reduction polarization condition of the N1 electric density point is selected as the second judgment point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a process of one embodiment of a fuel cell activation method of the present application;
[0047] Figure 2 The voltage and current distribution diagram during activation for this application;
[0048] Figure 3 A flow chart of the activation strategy for this application;
[0049] Figure 4 Polarization curve distribution diagram before and after activation for this application;
[0050] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a fuel cell activation device of the present application;
[0051] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the fuel cell activation device involved in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0052] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0053] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0054] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell activation method.
[0055] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a process flow of an embodiment of the fuel cell activation method of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell activation method includes:
[0056] S1. Measure the polarization curve of the fuel cell and select the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell;
[0057] The polarization curve of a fuel cell is a curve that describes how the output voltage changes with current density during the operation of the fuel cell.
[0058] There are differences in the performance of different fuel cells, and the standards for performing fuel cell activation tests in the traditional way will be different. In this embodiment, after measuring the polarization curve of the fuel cell, the electrical density point for activation is selected within a given voltage range based on the actual performance of the fuel cell, which can greatly improve the versatility of the activation strategy.
[0059] In this embodiment, according to the actual performance of the fuel cell, at least one electric density point for activation is selected in each of at least two given voltage intervals.
[0060] Specifically, before activation, the polarization curve of the fuel cell is measured to determine the fuel cell performance at the electric density interval point N1 of 0.6-0.5V, the performance at the electric density interval point N2 of 0.5-0.4V, and the performance at the electric density interval point N3 of 0.4-0.35V, wherein N1, N2, and N3 can be a single electric density point or multiple electric density points, and the value ranges of the electric density points N1, N2, and N3 are 1.6-2.4A / cm 2, 2.0~3.0A / cm 2 , 2.4~3.3A / cm 2 .
[0061] In this embodiment, it is particularly emphasized that the voltages of the three electric density points are 0.6-0.5V, 0.5-0.4V and 0.4-0.35V. On the one hand, when the voltage is lower than 0.6V, the oxide layer film on the catalyst surface will be reduced, and the reduction in potential will accelerate the reaction. At the same time, considering that there may be some impurity metals on the platinum surface, their removal also requires a lower voltage range, so two electric density interval points are designed. At the same time, in these two voltage intervals, the battery will basically not be damaged due to the low voltage. However, the fuel cell works in this high electric density range, combined with the given high temperature and high humidity environment, on the one hand, it will accelerate the wetting process of the membrane and realize the hydration of the membrane electrode. On the other hand, it generates a large amount of water and heat, which can promote the discharge of impurities in the membrane electrode and achieve the purpose of cleaning the membrane electrode. Therefore, while ensuring the activation efficiency, the versatility of the activation strategy can be improved.
[0062] S2, increasing or decreasing the load based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points;
[0063] It is worth mentioning that before activating the membrane electrode, wait for the test conditions. During the waiting period, hydrogen is passed through the anode and nitrogen is passed through the cathode. The test conditions include that the fuel cell is controlled at 80±5℃, the intake gas flow is controlled according to the excess coefficient, 1.5±1 for the anode and 2±0.5 for the cathode; the intake humidity is 80±5% RH for the cathode and 70±10% RH for the anode. The battery back pressure is 1.5±0.3 bar for the anode and 1.3±0.3 bar for the cathode. The back pressure is specifically the gauge pressure.
[0064] After all conditions reach the set values, the activation test begins, the cathode is switched to air flow, and activation begins.
[0065] Taking N1, N2, and N3 as an example, the fuel cell battery is loaded to the N1 power density point and stays for 1 to 4 minutes, then loaded to the N2 power density point and stays for another 1 to 4 minutes, and then loaded to the N3 power density point and stays for 2 to 6 minutes. After the load is increased, the load is reduced from the N3 power density point to the N1 power density point in sequence, and each power density point stays for 1 to 4 minutes.
[0066] S3, when the load is reduced to the minimum electrical density point, determine whether the current voltage of the maximum electrical density point and the minimum electrical density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within the threshold range;
[0067] Specifically, step S3 includes:
[0068] S31, when the load is reduced to the minimum electrical density point, determine whether the change of the current voltage under the maximum electrical density point activation condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range;
[0069] S32, determining whether a change in the current voltage under the minimum electrical density point polarization condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within a threshold range.
[0070] It is worth noting that for the first round of load increase and load reduction, the object of comparison is the set initial voltage. Starting from the second round, the object of comparison is the voltage of the previous round. The threshold value set in this embodiment is 5mV. Of course, it can also be reasonably set according to actual conditions. This embodiment does not limit it here.
[0071] The activation is completed when the voltage of the polarization condition of the maximum electric density point in N3 and the minimum electric density point in N1 under load reduction is less than 5mV compared with the previous round. These two points are selected as the marking points for judging the end of activation, mainly because at the electric density point N3, on the one hand, the membrane electrode is in a wetting state, and the performance will not fluctuate too much due to the deviation of the water state of the membrane electrode, thereby affecting the judgment result. On the other hand, since the given dosage of activation is relatively large, it will cover up the mass transfer loss of the large electric density point to a certain extent. Therefore, the load reduction polarization condition of the electric density point N1 is selected as the second judgment point.
[0072] S4. If the voltage changes at the maximum and minimum electrical density points are both within the threshold range, activation is completed.
[0073] It is worth noting that, usually, multiple load increases and load decreases are required to ensure that the voltage changes at the maximum and minimum voltage density points are within the threshold range.
[0074] That is to say, if the voltage changes at the maximum and minimum density points are not within the threshold range, the load is reduced from the minimum density point to the preset density interval, and the cathode starvation operation is performed, and the load is repeatedly increased and reduced between the maximum and minimum density points until the voltage changes are within the threshold range.
[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, the load is directly reduced from the N1 current density point to the N4 preset current density range of 100-200 mA / cm 2 In the electric density range, the rate of loading and unloading is 0.02A / (cm 2 *s), when reaching the N4 electric density interval, adjust the cathode metering ratio to A (0.7~0.9), wait for the voltage to drop to B (0.4~0.2V), adjust the cathode metering ratio to above C (C≥1.6), and after the voltage rises, perform D (D≥0) rounds of cathode starvation operation.
[0076] Under the variable current working condition of this embodiment, a large amount of water and heat will be generated, which is beneficial to the wetting and cleaning process of the membrane electrode, and the oxide layer on the surface of the platinum can be removed at the same time. However, for some impurities adsorbed on the catalyst surface that are more difficult to remove, the carbon defect sites that need to be oxidized and the removal of some excess ionomers covering the catalyst surface are difficult to meet with variable current. Therefore, this embodiment couples the cathode starvation method on the basis of the original variable current load. When the load is reduced from the N1 power density point to the N4 power density interval, a large amount of water and heat generated in the high power density interval will be discharged, thereby avoiding the water and heat accumulated in the stack from damaging the battery. In the N4 power density interval, the performance of a general fuel cell is around 0.82V, which can just meet the oxidation of carbon defect sites. At the same time, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is controlled to achieve the purpose of cathode starvation. The voltage drops from 0.82V to about 0.3V. The oxygen-deficient environment can form a hydrogen pump effect, thereby achieving the purpose of opening holes inside the catalyst layer, increasing the number of three-phase points and improving the utilization rate of the catalyst. The potential change in the wide range from 0.82V to 0.25V and the reducing environment created by the lack of oxygen accelerate the reduction of oxides on the catalyst surface and the removal of impurities. The combination of the two improves the activation efficiency.
[0077] The following is a specific example to further illustrate the above steps:
[0078] See also Figure 3 As shown, the polarization curve of the fuel cell is first measured to determine the single cell performance at the N1 electrical density point (first electrical density point) of 0.6-0.5V, the performance at the N2 electrical density point (second electrical density point) of 0.5-0.4V, and the performance at the N3 electrical density point (third electrical density point) of 0.4-0.35V. The three electrical density points selected in this embodiment are 1.8A / cm2, 2.2A / cm2, and 2.4A / cm2, respectively.
[0079] Then the activation test begins. The specific operation of activation is as follows: before activating the membrane electrode, wait for the test conditions. During the waiting period, hydrogen is passed through the anode and nitrogen is passed through the cathode. The test conditions include the fuel cell being controlled at 80±1℃, the intake gas flow rate being controlled according to the excess coefficient, 1.5 for the anode and 2 for the cathode; the intake humidity is 80% RH for the cathode and 70% RH for the anode, and the battery back pressure is 1.5 bar for the anode and 1.3 bar for the cathode. The back pressure is specifically the gauge pressure.
[0080] After all conditions reach the set values, the activation test begins. After the cathode is switched to air, the fuel cell battery is loaded to the N1 power density point and stays for 2 minutes, then loaded to the N2 power density point and stays for another 2 minutes, then loaded to the N3 power density point and stays for 3 minutes, and then starts to reduce the load from the N3 power density point to the N1 power density point in sequence, staying at each power density point for 2 minutes.
[0081] Regress to the polarization condition of the N1 charge density point, stay for 1 minute, and compare the voltage value of the N3 charge density point and this point with the previous round of voltage to see if both are less than 5mV. If so, the activation is completed.
[0082] If not, then the load is reduced from the N1 density point to the battery density of 200mA / cm2, and the slope of the load-reduction rate is 0.02A / (cm 2 *s), when the electric density reaches 200mA / cm2, adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio to 0.8, wait for the voltage to drop to about 0.3V, adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio to 2 through automatic working conditions, wait for the voltage to rise again, and then perform another round of cathode starvation operation.
[0083] It can be understood that the combined activation strategy in this embodiment covers almost all mechanisms that need to be optimized for fuel cell activation from a principle level, and is easy to operate. After multiple cycles, the activation ends when the battery voltage is less than 5mV at both the N3 electric density point and the N1 polarization condition point compared with the previous cycle. The activation time is about 100 minutes. Figure 2 The current and voltage distribution diagram during activation of this embodiment is shown in the figure. It can be found that the performance of the first and third electric density points is significantly improved after activation. Figure 4 There is almost no deviation between the performance of the fuel cell after activation and the performance after running for a period of time, indicating that the method can accurately determine whether the activation is completed.
[0084] In summary, the fuel cell activation method in the present application measures the polarization curve of the fuel cell, and selects a charge density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell; loads and reduces the load based on the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point among the charge density points; when the load is reduced to the minimum charge density point, it is determined whether the current voltage of the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltage changes are both within a threshold range; if so, the activation is terminated, if not, the load is reduced from the minimum charge density point to a preset charge density range, a cathode starvation operation is performed, and the load and load reduction are repeated between the maximum charge density point and the minimum charge density point until the voltage changes are all within the threshold range.
[0085] That is, the polarization curve of the fuel cell is measured before activation, and the electric density point is selected from a given voltage range to activate the fuel cell according to the actual performance of the fuel cell, thereby improving the versatility of the activation strategy. By limiting the cyclic loading voltage range of the variable current method and coupling the corrected cathode starvation method, the operation is simplified and the efficiency is improved.
[0086] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a fuel cell activation device.
[0087] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a functional module diagram of an embodiment of a fuel cell activation device of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the fuel cell activation device includes a measuring module, a load reduction module and a judgment module.
[0088] Among them, the measurement module is used to measure the polarization curve of the fuel cell and select the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell;
[0089] A load-increasing and load-reducing module, which performs load-increasing and load-reducing based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points;
[0090] The judgment module is used to judge whether the current voltage of the maximum and minimum voltage density points relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are within the threshold range when the load is reduced to the minimum voltage density point; if the voltage changes of the maximum and minimum voltage density points are within the threshold range, the activation ends.
[0091] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the judgment module is also used for:
[0092] If the voltage changes of the maximum and minimum density points are not both within the threshold range, the load is reduced from the minimum density point to the preset density interval, and the cathode starvation operation is performed to drive the load-pulling and load-reducing module to repeatedly pull and reduce the load between the maximum and minimum density points until the voltage changes are both within the threshold range.
[0093] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the measuring module selects an electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell, including:
[0094] According to the actual performance of the fuel cell, at least one electric density point for activation is selected in each of at least two given voltage intervals.
[0095] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the measuring module is used to:
[0096] Determine the fuel cell performance at the electric density interval point N1 of 0.6 to 0.5V, the performance at the electric density interval point N2 of 0.5 to 0.4V, and the performance at the electric density interval point N3 of 0.4 to 0.35V;
[0097] Each of N1, N2 and N3 includes at least one electrical density point.
[0098] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the value ranges of the N1, N2 and N3 electric density points are 1.6 to 2.4 A / cm 2 , 2.0~3.0A / cm 2 , 2.4~3.3A / cm 2 .
[0099] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the load increase and decrease module performs load increase and load decrease based on the maximum electrical density point and the minimum electrical density point among the electrical density points, including:
[0100] The fuel cell is loaded to the N1 power density point and stays there for 1 to 4 minutes, then loaded to the N2 power density point and stays there for another 1 to 4 minutes, and then loaded to the N3 power density point and stays there for 2 to 6 minutes;
[0101] After the loading is completed, the load is reduced from the N3 density point to the N1 density point in sequence, and each density point stays for 1 to 4 minutes.
[0102] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the load reduction module is also used for:
[0103] After the load is reduced to the N1 electrical density point, it returns to the polarization condition of the minimum electrical density point in N1 and stays for 1 to 2 minutes.
[0104] Further, in one embodiment, when the load is reduced to the minimum electrical density point, the judgment module judges whether the current voltage of the maximum electrical density point and the minimum electrical density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within a threshold range, including:
[0105] When the load is reduced to the minimum electric density point, it is determined whether the change of the current voltage under the maximum electric density point activation condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range;
[0106] And determine whether the change of the current voltage under the minimum electrical density point polarization condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range.
[0107] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the judgment module is used to: when the current voltage of the maximum density point and the minimum density point changes by less than 5mv relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages, the activation ends.
[0108] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the judging module reduces the load from the minimum electrical density point to a preset electrical density interval to perform a cathode starvation operation, including:
[0109] After the load is reduced from the minimum current density point to the preset current density range, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to 0.7-0.9, and when the voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.2V, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to not less than 1.6.
[0110] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the rate of change of the load increase and load decrease is 0.02A / (cm 2 *s).
[0111] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the preset current density range is 100-200 mA / cm 2 .
[0112] Among them, the functional implementation of each module in the above-mentioned fuel cell activation device corresponds to each step in the above-mentioned fuel cell activation method embodiment, and its functions and implementation processes are no longer repeated here.
[0113] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell activation device, which may be a personal computer (PC), a laptop computer, a server, or other device with data processing capabilities.
[0114] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 The hardware structure diagram of the fuel cell activation device involved in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. In the embodiment of the present application, the fuel cell activation device may include a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus.
[0115] The communication bus may be of any type and is used to interconnect the processor, the memory, and the communication interface.
[0116] The communication interface includes an input / output (I / O) interface, a physical interface, and a logical interface, etc., which are used to interconnect the devices inside the fuel cell activation device, and an interface used to interconnect the fuel cell activation device with other devices (such as other computing devices or user devices). The physical interface can be an Ethernet interface, an optical fiber interface, an ATM interface, etc.; the user device can be a display, a keyboard, etc.
[0117] The memory can be various types of storage media, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, optical storage, hard disk, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), etc.
[0118] The processor may be a general-purpose processor, which may call the fuel cell activation program stored in the memory and execute the fuel cell activation method provided in the embodiment of the present application. For example, the general-purpose processor may be a central processing unit (CPU). The method executed when the fuel cell activation program is called may refer to the various embodiments of the fuel cell activation method of the present application, which will not be repeated here.
[0119] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The hardware structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the present application, and may include more or less components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.
[0120] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium.
[0121] The readable storage medium of the present application stores a fuel cell activation program, wherein when the fuel cell activation program is executed by a processor, the steps of the fuel cell activation method as described above are implemented.
[0122] Among them, the method implemented when the fuel cell activation program is executed can refer to the various embodiments of the fuel cell activation method of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
[0123] It should be noted that the serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
[0124] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, disk, CD) as described above, and includes a number of instructions for a terminal device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.
[0125] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The terms "first", "second" and "third" are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not represent a sequence, nor do they limit "first", "second" and "third" to different types.
[0126] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "exemplary", "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary", "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary", "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.
[0127] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; the “and / or” in the text is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, “multiple” refers to two or more than two.
[0128] In some processes described in the embodiments of the present application, multiple operations or steps that appear in a specific order are included, but it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order in which they appear in the embodiments of the present application or in parallel, and the sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish the different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed in sequence or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.
[0129] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A fuel cell activation method, characterized in that: The fuel cell activation method comprises: Measure the polarization curve of the fuel cell and select the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell; Loading and unloading are performed based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points; When the load is reduced to the minimum voltage density point, it is determined whether the current voltage of the maximum voltage density point and the minimum voltage density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within the threshold range; If the voltage changes at the maximum and minimum electrical density points are both within the threshold range, activation is completed.
2. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: If the voltage changes at the maximum and minimum density points are not within the threshold range, the load is reduced from the minimum density point to the preset density interval, and cathode starvation operation is performed, and the load is repeatedly increased and reduced between the maximum and minimum density points until the voltage changes are within the threshold range.
3. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of selecting the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell includes: According to the actual performance of the fuel cell, at least one electric density point for activation is selected in each of at least two given voltage intervals.
4. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: Determine the fuel cell performance at the electric density interval point N1 of 0.6 to 0.5V, the performance at the electric density interval point N2 of 0.5 to 0.4V, and the performance at the electric density interval point N3 of 0.4 to 0.35V; Each of N1, N2 and N3 includes at least one electrical density point.
5. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The value ranges of the N1, N2 and N3 electric density points are 1.6 to 2.4 A / cm 2 , 2.0~3.0A / cm 2 , 2.4~3.3A / cm 2 .
6. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of increasing or decreasing the load based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points includes: The fuel cell is loaded to the N1 power density point and stays there for 1 to 4 minutes, then loaded to the N2 power density point and stays there for another 1 to 4 minutes, and then loaded to the N3 power density point and stays there for 2 to 6 minutes; After the loading is completed, the load is reduced from the N3 density point to the N1 density point in sequence, and each density point stays for 1 to 4 minutes.
7. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: After the load is reduced to the N1 electrical density point, it returns to the polarization condition of the minimum electrical density point in N1 and stays for 1 to 2 minutes.
8. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: When the load is reduced to the minimum electrical density point, determining whether the current voltage of the maximum electrical density point and the minimum electrical density point relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are both within a threshold range includes: When the load is reduced to the minimum electric density point, it is determined whether the change of the current voltage under the maximum electric density point activation condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range; And determine whether the change of the current voltage under the minimum electrical density point polarization condition relative to the initial voltage or the previous round of voltage is within the threshold range.
9. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the current voltage under the activation condition at the maximum electric density point and the current voltage under the polarization condition at the minimum electric density point change less than 5mv relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages, the activation is completed.
10. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before increasing or decreasing the load based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points, the method further includes: Hydrogen is passed through the anode and nitrogen is passed through the cathode until the test conditions are met, and then the cathode is switched to air for activation testing; The test conditions include: The fuel cell temperature is controlled at 80±5℃; The intake air flow rate is controlled at the anode stoichiometric ratio of 1.5±1 and the cathode stoichiometric ratio of 2±0.5 according to the excess coefficient; Inlet air humidity is controlled at 80±5%RH at cathode and 70±10%RH at anode; The fuel cell back pressure is controlled at 1.5±0.3 bar at the anode and 1.3±0.3 bar at the cathode.
11. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 2 or 10, characterized in that: The step of reducing the load from the minimum current density point to a preset current density range to perform cathode starvation operation includes: After the load is reduced from the minimum current density point to the preset current density range, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to 0.7-0.9, and when the voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.2V, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to not less than 1.
6.
12. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rate of change of the load and the load reduction is 0.02A / (cm 2 *s).
13. The fuel cell activation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset current density range is 100-200 mA / cm 2 .
14. A fuel cell activation device, characterized in that: The fuel cell activation device comprises: A measurement module is used to measure the polarization curve of the fuel cell and select the electric density point for activation within a given voltage range according to the actual performance of the fuel cell; A load-increasing and load-reducing module, which performs load-increasing and load-reducing based on the maximum and minimum electrical density points among the electrical density points; The judgment module is used to judge whether the current voltage of the maximum and minimum voltage density points relative to their respective initial voltages or the previous round of voltages are within the threshold range when the load is reduced to the minimum voltage density point; if the voltage changes of the maximum and minimum voltage density points are within the threshold range, the activation ends.
15. A fuel cell activation device, characterized in that: The fuel cell activation device includes a processor, a memory, and a fuel cell activation program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the fuel cell activation program is executed by the processor, the steps of the fuel cell activation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a fuel cell activation program, wherein when the fuel cell activation program is executed by a processor, the steps of the fuel cell activation method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 are implemented.