Hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to a hybrid excitation alternating-current synchronous generator which comprises a shell and further comprises a rotor rotating shaft rotationally installed in a shell body, the rotor rotating shaft is coaxially connected with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly comprises a driving disc coaxial with the rotor rotating shaft; the rotor rotating shaft is connected with the driving disc through the connecting assembly; the clamping block is temporarily separated from the rotor rotating shaft under the action of torsional force when external driving power is too large, so that the rotating speed of the rotor rotating shaft does not change drastically, monitoring personnel can conveniently and timely adjust a generator control system to adjust an external power supply circuit, and the situation that the voltage is rapidly increased in a short time due to too high rotating speed of the driving disc is avoided; the clamping block is intermittently connected with the driving disc and the rotor rotating shaft under the thrust action of the connecting assembly, so that the rotor rotating shaft continues to rotate at the original fixed rotating speed, and the generator is prevented from stopping working.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of generators, and in particular to a hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator. Background Art

[0002] A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator refers to a new type of motor that changes the motor's topology while maintaining a high efficiency. Two excitation sources jointly generate the motor's main magnetic field, jointly realize electromagnetic energy conversion, and achieve main magnetic field regulation and control of the motor, thereby improving the motor's speed regulation, driving performance or voltage regulation characteristics.

[0003] Existing generators may run at no load or overload during operation, causing mechanical damage to the generator and affecting its normal performance and service life. When the generator is at no load, it is generally adopted to add impedance or reduce voltage, adjust the excitation system, etc. During this process, the generator control system cannot immediately adjust the voltage and excitation system; when the generator is overloaded due to external reasons, the speed of the rotor part of the motor is unstable, which aggravates the wear of the rotor bearing and increases the risk of failure. During this process, the shutdown of the generator will damage some continuously working electrical equipment. At this time, the use of a voltage stabilizer is likely to cause permanent damage to the generator.

[0004] In this case, in order to avoid the damage to the generator itself caused by the operation of the generator, we proposed a hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that the generator is damaged due to overload operation due to external reasons, and to propose a hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator comprises a shell, and also includes: a rotor shaft rotatably mounted inside the shell body, the rotor shaft is coaxially connected to a drive assembly, the drive assembly comprises a drive disk coaxial with the rotor shaft, the rotor shaft is connected to the drive disk via a connecting assembly, and when the drive disk rotates, the rotor shaft can be connected to or disconnected from the drive disk via the connecting assembly.

[0007] A further solution of the present invention is that a power generation component is arranged in the shell, and the power generation component is arranged in the shell, and the power generation component includes a permanent magnet component and an excitation component arranged inside the shell.

[0008] A further solution of the present invention is that the permanent magnet assembly includes a first permanent magnet mounted on the rotor shaft, the first permanent magnet has a plurality of protrusions extending outward symmetrically around the circumference, a second permanent magnet is arranged in the shell, and two second permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the shell.

[0009] A further solution of the present invention is that the excitation assembly includes multiple groups of first excitation coil windings arranged in a shell, multiple first coil winding pivots are arranged in the shell, each group of the first excitation coil windings is wound on the first coil winding pivot, multiple groups of second coil winding pivots are connected to the outer wall of one end of the rotor shaft close to the second permanent magnet, each group of the second coil winding pivot is connected to a second excitation coil winding, each protrusion of the first permanent magnet is connected to a third coil winding, and each group of the second excitation coil windings is symmetrically connected to each symmetrical third coil winding to form a circuit loop.

[0010] A further solution of the present invention is that the connecting assembly includes sliding grooves circumferentially distributed in the driving disk, each of the sliding grooves is slidably connected with a clamping block, each of the clamping blocks is connected to an elastic member at one end away from the central axis of the driving disk, and the other end of each of the elastic members is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove at one end away from the central axis of the driving disk through a fixing member.

[0011] A further solution of the present invention is that a connecting bearing is installed at the end of the rotor shaft close to the driving disk, a connecting bearing is installed at the end of the rotor shaft close to the driving disk, a first keyway is provided on the inner ring surface of the connecting bearing, one end of the rotor shaft close to the driving disk is connected to the first bearing, a second keyway is provided on the first bearing, and the first keyway and the second keyway are connected by a long round key.

[0012] A further solution of the present invention is that a smooth groove is arranged on the outer circumference of the connecting bearing, and a smooth groove is arranged on the outer ring surface of the connecting bearing, and the smooth groove is matched with the clamping block.

[0013] A further solution of the present invention is that a placement groove is provided on the inner wall of one end of the sliding groove close to the central axis of the driving disk, a sliding rheostat is arranged in the placement groove, the sliding end of the sliding rheostat is connected to the end of the block away from the central axis of the driving disk, a commutation ring is arranged on the driving disk, and two matching commutation pole pieces are arranged on the commutation ring, the two ends of the sliding rheostat are respectively connected to the commutation pole pieces on the commutation ring through wires, the sliding end of the sliding rheostat is connected to one of the commutation pole pieces through a wire, a commutator is arranged on the second permanent magnetic pole, each group of the second excitation coil windings on the second coil winding pivot is respectively connected to the electrode pole pieces on the commutator, and the commutator is connected to the second coil winding pivot through a wire.

[0014] A further solution of the present invention is that the wires on the commutator are respectively connected to the commutation pole pieces on the commutation ring when the commutation ring rotates, forming a circuit connecting the sliding rheostat and the second excitation coil winding, wires, etc.

[0015] A further solution of the present invention is that the lower end of the block is in a smooth spherical shape.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator having the following beneficial effects.

[0017] 1. The present invention allows the block to be temporarily separated from the rotor shaft under the action of torsional force when the external driving power is too large, so that the rotor shaft speed will not change drastically in a short time, which is convenient for monitoring personnel to adjust the generator control system and the external power supply circuit in time, and avoid the excessive speed of the driving disk causing the voltage to rise rapidly in a short time; 2. In the present invention, the clamping block is intermittently connected with the driving disk and the rotor shaft under the thrust of the connecting assembly, so that the rotor shaft continues to rotate at the original speed, thereby preventing the generator from stopping working.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, the card block drives the sliding end of the sliding rheostat to slide upward, so that the resistance of the sliding rheostat increases, the resistance of the circuit connected to the sliding rheostat increases, the current decreases, and the magnetic field strength of the first permanent magnet weakens, thereby reducing the electromagnetic resistance encountered by the first excitation coil winding when cutting the first permanent magnet, thereby reducing the torsional torque experienced by the rotor shaft, reducing the wear of the rotor shaft, increasing the service life of the generator, and ensuring the operation of the power supply circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the shell of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a power generation assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the drive disk of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second permanent magnet of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting bearing structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the driving disk of the present invention at the sliding groove; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0020] Reference numerals: 10. Housing; 11. Rotor shaft; 111. First bearing; 112. Second coil winding pivot; 113. Second keyway; 114. Commutator; 12. First coil winding pivot; 13. Sliding rheostat; 20. Power generation assembly; 21. Permanent magnet assembly; 211. First permanent magnet; 212. Second permanent magnet; 22. Excitation assembly; 221. First excitation coil winding; 222. Second excitation coil winding; 223. Third coil winding; 30. Drive assembly; 31. Drive disk; 311. Commutation ring; 32. Sliding groove; 40. Connecting assembly; 41. Block; 42. Elastic member; 43. Connecting bearing; 431. First keyway; 432. Groove; 44. Long round key. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Example 1

[0022] In actual use, it is found that when the generator is overloaded with too many external electrical appliances, the rotation speed of the rotor part of the generator is unstable and the rotor bearing wears greatly, which affects the service life of the generator and the normal operation of the electrical equipment. In order to avoid the problem of wear of the rotating shaft due to overload of the generator, this embodiment is specially invented.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 6A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to the present invention comprises a housing 10, a rotor shaft 11 is rotatably mounted inside the housing 10, a power generation assembly 20 is arranged inside the housing 10, the power generation assembly 20 comprises a permanent magnet assembly 21 and an excitation assembly 22 mounted inside the housing 10, one end of the rotor shaft 11 is connected to a first bearing 111, the first bearing 111 is coaxially connected to a driving assembly 30, the driving assembly 30 comprises a driving disk 31 coaxial with the rotor shaft 11, a side of the rotor shaft 11 close to the first bearing 111 is connected to the driving disk 31 through a connecting assembly 40, the driving disk 31 is driven to rotate under the action of an external driving force, the connecting assembly 40 comprises a clamping block 41 mounted on the driving disk 31, the clamping block 41 is connected to the rotor shaft 11 during the rotation of the driving disk 31 , so that the rotor shaft 11 and the driving disk 31 rotate synchronously, and the connecting component 40 continuously applies a force to the block 41 to make the block 41 move in the direction of the force close to the driving disk 31; when the external driving power is too large, in order to prevent the speed of the driving disk 31 from being too high and causing the voltage to increase rapidly in a short time, the torque of the driving disk 31 increases rapidly in a short time at this time, and the block 41 is temporarily separated from the rotor shaft 11 under the action of the torsional force, so that the speed of the rotor shaft 11 will not change drastically in a short time, which is convenient for the monitoring personnel to adjust the generator control system to adjust the external power supply circuit in time. During the process of circuit adjustment, the block 41 is intermittently connected to the driving disk 31 and the rotor shaft 11 under the thrust of the connecting component 40, so that the rotor shaft 11 continues to rotate at the original speed to prevent the generator from stopping working.

[0024] The permanent magnet assembly 21 includes a first permanent magnet 211 installed on the rotor shaft 11. The first permanent magnet 211 has a number of protrusions extending outward symmetrically in a circumferential direction. The protrusions in the symmetrical direction are macroscopically divided into N and S levels due to the orderly arranged atomic structure inside. A second permanent magnet 212 is arranged in the shell 10. Two second permanent magnets 212 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the shell 10 to provide a stable magnetic field. The first permanent magnet 211 and the second permanent magnet 212 respectively provide magnetic fields for power generation, which are used for the power generation work of the generator.

[0025] The excitation assembly 22 includes a plurality of groups of first excitation coil windings 221 arranged on the inside of the housing 10, a plurality of first coil winding pivots 12 are arranged in the housing 10, each group of first excitation coil windings 221 is wound on the first coil winding pivot 12 and outputs the generated current to the outside through the wire, a plurality of groups of second coil winding pivots 112 are connected to the outer wall of one end of the rotor shaft 11 close to the second permanent magnet 212, each group of second coil winding pivots 112 is connected to the second excitation coil winding 222, each protrusion of the first permanent magnet 211 is connected to the third coil winding 223, each symmetrical group of second excitation coil windings 222 is connected to each symmetrical third coil winding 223 to form a circuit loop, the generator drives the driving disk 31 to rotate under the action of the external driving power, and the driving disk 31 drives the first permanent magnet 211 and the second excitation coil winding 223 through the rotor shaft 11. 22 rotates, the first permanent magnet 211 rotates so that the first excitation coil winding 221 continuously cuts the magnetic flux lines formed by the first permanent magnet 211 and the earth's magnetic field, so that the first excitation coil winding 221 generates an induced current. In this process, the second excitation coil winding 222 cuts the magnetic flux lines formed by the second permanent magnet 212 and the earth's magnetic field when rotating, so that the second excitation coil winding 222 generates an induced current. The induced current generated by the second excitation coil winding 222 flows through the correspondingly connected third coil winding 223 to further generate an induced electromotive force, strengthen the magnetic field strength of the first permanent magnet 211, and increase the strength of the second excitation coil winding 222 cutting the magnetic flux lines, thereby increasing the current generated by electromagnetic induction, increasing the output power of the generator, and increasing the higher torque when the generator is started, thereby improving the load adaptability of the generator.

[0026] The connecting assembly 40 also includes sliding grooves 32 distributed circumferentially in the driving disk 31, each sliding groove 32 is slidably connected with a block 41, each block 41 is connected to an elastic member 42 at one end away from the central axis of the driving disk 31, and the other end of each elastic member 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 32 at one end away from the central axis of the driving disk 31 through a fixing member, a connecting bearing 43 is installed at the end of the rotor shaft 11 close to the driving disk 31, and a first keyway 431 is provided on the inner annular surface of the connecting bearing 43, and a first bearing 111 is connected to the end of the rotor shaft 11 close to the driving disk 31, and a second keyway 113 is provided on the first bearing 111, and the first keyway 431 is connected to the second keyway 113 through a long round key 44, and the outer surface of the connecting bearing 43 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 32 at one end away from the central axis of the driving disk 31. The annular surface is provided with a smooth groove 432, and the smooth groove 432 is adapted to the lower end of the block 41. When the external driving power is too large, a large torsional moment is generated between the driving disk 31 and the rotor shaft 11. Under the action of the torsional moment, the block 41 is disengaged from the sliding groove 32, and the block 41 slides up and down along the direction of the sliding groove 32, so that the rotor shaft 11 maintains a constant speed and idles under the action of inertia. In this process, the elastic member 42 drives the block 41 to move downward so that the lower end of the block 41 is continuously and intermittently fitted with the sliding groove 32, so that the speed of the rotor shaft 11 remains unchanged. In order to make the lower end of the block 41 fit closely with the sliding groove 32, the lower end of the block 41 is a smooth spherical shape, and the elastic member 42 is preferably a spring in this solution.

[0027] In summary, by adding a clamping block 41 to connect the connecting bearing 43 with the driving disk 31, it is avoided that a large torsional moment is generated between the driving disk 31 and the rotor shaft 11 when the external driving force is too large. Under the action of the torsional moment, the clamping block 41 and the sliding groove 32 are separated from each other, thereby protecting the rotor shaft 11 of the generator and improving the service life of the generator. Example 2

[0028] It is found that when the torsional torque of the external driving power is too large during the operation of the generator, the torsional force generated on the generator rotor shaft 11 is too large. Since the magnetism of the first permanent magnet 211 is relatively high, the electromagnetic resistance of the rotor shaft 11 is relatively large, and the block 41 is likely to cause the rotor shaft 11 to separate from the drive disk 31. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a new embodiment: See also Figures 2 to 8A placement groove is provided at one end of one sliding groove 32 close to the central axis of the driving disk 31, and a sliding rheostat 13 is arranged in the placement groove. The sliding end of the sliding rheostat 13 is connected to the end of the block 41 away from the central axis of the driving disk 31. A reversing ring 311 is arranged on the driving disk 31, and two matching reversing pole pieces are arranged on the reversing ring 311. The two ends of the sliding rheostat 13 are respectively connected to the reversing pole pieces on the reversing ring 311 through wires, and the sliding end of the sliding rheostat 13 is connected to the reversing pole pieces on the reversing ring 311 through wires. One of the commutator pole pieces is connected, and a commutator 114 is arranged on the second permanent magnet pole 212. Each group of second excitation coil windings 222 on the second coil winding pivot 112 is respectively connected to the electrode pole pieces on the commutator 114. The commutator 114 is connected to the second coil winding pivot 112 through a wire. The wire on the commutator 114 is respectively connected to the commutator pole pieces on the commutator ring 311 when the commutator ring 311 rotates, forming a circuit in which the sliding rheostat 13 is connected to the second excitation coil winding 222, the wire, etc.

[0029] When the generator generates electricity, the block 41 is tightly fitted with the groove 432 on the connecting bearing 43 under the action of the elastic member 42, so that when the external driving power drives the driving disk 31 to rotate, the driving disk 31 drives the rotor shaft 11 to rotate through the connecting bearing 43. In this process, the second excitation coil winding 222 rotates to cut the magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet 212, so that the induced current generated by the second excitation coil winding 222 further strengthens the magnetic field strength of the first permanent magnet 211, so that the first excitation coil winding 221 cuts the magnetic field generated by the first permanent magnet 211 during its rotation to generate a strong induced current; when the external driving power drives the driving disk 31 to rotate, the driving disk 31 drives the rotor shaft 11 to rotate through the connecting bearing 43. When the dynamic force is large, the torsional torque of the driving disk 31 is large, causing the block 41 to slide upward along the direction of the sliding groove 32. The block 41 drives the sliding end of the sliding rheostat 13 to slide upward, so that the resistance of the sliding rheostat 13 increases, and the resistance of the circuit connected to the sliding rheostat 13 increases, and the current decreases, so that the magnetic field strength of the first permanent magnet 211 is weakened, so that the electromagnetic resistance encountered by the first excitation coil winding 221 when cutting the first permanent magnet 211 is reduced, thereby reducing the torsional torque experienced by the rotor shaft 11, reducing the wear of the rotor shaft 11, and improving the service life of the generator, and ensuring the operation of the power supply circuit.

[0030] In summary, by adding a sliding block 41 that slides up and down to drive the variable resistor 13 to adjust the resistance, the current in the second excitation coil winding 222 circuit is controlled, the magnetic field strength of the first permanent magnet 211 is easily adjusted, the wear of the rotor shaft 11 is avoided, and the operation of the generator is further guaranteed.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator, comprising a housing (10), characterized in that: Also includes: A rotor shaft (11) is rotatably mounted inside the housing (10); the rotor shaft (11) is coaxially connected to a drive assembly (30); the drive assembly (30) comprises a drive disk (31) coaxial with the rotor shaft (11); the rotor shaft (11) is connected to the drive disk (31) via a connection assembly (40); and when the drive disk (31) rotates, the rotor shaft (11) can be connected to or disconnected from the drive disk (31) via the connection assembly (40).

2. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power generation component (20) is arranged in the housing (10), and the power generation component (20) comprises a permanent magnet component (21) and an excitation component (22) arranged inside the housing (10).

3. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The permanent magnet assembly (21) comprises a first permanent magnet (211) mounted on a rotor shaft (11), the first permanent magnet (211) having a plurality of protrusions extending outwardly in a circumferentially symmetrical manner, and a second permanent magnet (212) is arranged in the housing (10), two of the second permanent magnets (212) being symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the housing (10).

4. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The excitation assembly (22) comprises a plurality of groups of first excitation coil windings (221) arranged in a housing (10), a plurality of first coil winding pivots (12) being arranged in the housing (10), each group of the first excitation coil windings (221) being wound on the first coil winding pivot (12), a plurality of groups of second coil winding pivots (112) being connected to an outer wall of one end of the rotor shaft (11) close to the second permanent magnet (212), each group of the second coil winding pivots (112) being connected to a second excitation coil winding (222), each protrusion of the first permanent magnet (211) being connected to a third coil winding (223), and each symmetrical group of the second excitation coil windings (222) being connected to each symmetrical third coil winding (223) to form a circuit loop.

5. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (40) comprises sliding grooves (32) circumferentially distributed in the driving disk (31), each of the sliding grooves (32) being slidably connected to a clamping block (41), one end of each clamping block (41) away from the central axis of the driving disk (31) being connected to an elastic member (42), and the other end of each elastic member (42) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (32) at one end away from the central axis of the driving disk (31) via a fixing member.

6. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting bearing (43) is installed at the end of the rotor shaft (11) close to the driving disk (31); a first keyway (431) is provided on the inner ring surface of the connecting bearing (43); one end of the rotor shaft (11) close to the driving disk (31) is connected to a first bearing (111); a second keyway (113) is provided on the first bearing (111); and the first keyway (431) and the second keyway (113) are connected via a long round key (44).

7. A hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer ring surface of the connecting bearing (43) is provided with a smooth groove (432), and the smooth groove (432) is adapted to the clamping block (41).

8. The hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: A placement groove is provided on the inner wall of one end of the sliding groove (32) close to the central axis of the driving disk (31), a sliding rheostat (13) is arranged in the placement groove, a sliding end of the sliding rheostat (13) is connected to an end of the clamping block (41) away from the central axis of the driving disk (31), a commutation ring (311) is arranged on the driving disk (31), two matching commutation pole pieces are arranged on the commutation ring (311), and two ends of the sliding rheostat (13) are connected to the clamping block (41) and the ... The second permanent magnetic pole (212) is provided with a commutator (114); each group of the second excitation coil windings (222) on the second coil winding pivot (112) is respectively connected to an electrode pole piece on the commutator (114); and the commutator (114) is connected to the second coil winding pivot (112) via a wire.

9. The hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wires on the commutator (114) are respectively connected to the commutation pole pieces on the commutation ring (311) when the commutation ring (311) rotates, forming a circuit connecting the sliding rheostat (13) and the second excitation coil winding (222), the wires, etc.

10. The hybrid excitation AC synchronous generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the clamping block (41) is in a smooth spherical shape.

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