Microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device and method, and relates to the technical field of microwave photon signal processing, and the device comprises a signal conversion module which is used for receiving a microwave signal and converting the microwave signal into an optical signal; the novel photonic filter based on the photonic crystal and the micro-ring resonator structure is adopted, the high-precision and high-selectivity filtering function is achieved, noise and interference in signals can be effectively removed, the quality and the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals are improved, the filtering effect is further improved by combining advanced filtering algorithms such as self-adaptive filtering and digital filtering, and the filtering efficiency is improved. By utilizing the programmable characteristic of the photon filter, the dynamic adjustment of filtering parameters is realized, different signal environments and processing requirements can be quickly adapted, the application of software definition and light-operated programmable technologies is realized, the parameter adjustment is more convenient, quicker and contactless, the reconfigurability and flexibility of the device are improved, and the device is suitable for popularization and application. And the processing requirements of complex signals can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microwave photon signal processing, and in particular to a microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device and method. Background Art

[0002] The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device is a technical device that uses optical elements to generate, transmit and process microwave signals. It has a series of advantages such as broadband, high speed, compactness, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference. Microwave photon technology is a cross-integration technology that transforms microwave signals into the optical domain and realizes signal control and processing through optical methods. This technology uses photon technology to complete complex or even impossible signal generation, processing, transmission and control functions in microwave and millimeter wave systems. With the rapid development of communications, radar, electronic countermeasures and other fields, higher and higher requirements are placed on the speed, accuracy and flexibility of signal processing. Traditional electronic signal processing technology faces many challenges when processing high-speed and broadband signals, such as electronic bottlenecks, electromagnetic interference and other problems.

[0003] Microwave photonic technology combines the advantages of microwave and photonic technology, and has the characteristics of large bandwidth, low loss, and anti-electromagnetic interference, providing a new solution for high-speed real-time signal processing. However, the existing microwave photonic signal processing devices still have certain defects when used. The existing microwave photonic signal processing devices have problems such as insufficient accuracy and selectivity in filtering functions, single filtering algorithms, and inflexible parameter adjustment, which are difficult to meet the needs of complex signal processing. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a microwave photonic high-speed real-time signal processing device and method to solve the problems in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device and method, which can realize high-precision and high-selectivity filtering functions, and combine with advanced filtering algorithms to further improve the filtering effect, realize dynamic adjustment of filtering parameters, and quickly adapt to different signal environments and processing requirements.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device, the device comprising:

[0006] A signal conversion module, used for receiving microwave signals and converting them into optical signals;

[0007] An optical signal preprocessing module performs preprocessing operations on the converted optical signal;

[0008] Photonic filter module, which implements optical signal filtering based on photonic crystal and microring resonator structures, including the use of multi-layer photonic crystal structures and composite microring resonator structures to improve filtering performance;

[0009] Filter algorithm module, combining adaptive filtering and digital filtering algorithms to improve filtering effect;

[0010] Programmable control module, using software programming and light control technology to dynamically adjust the photon filter parameters;

[0011] An optical signal post-processing module further processes the filtered optical signal;

[0012] The signal output and feedback module outputs the processed signal and adjusts the signal processing process according to the feedback.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific execution steps of using a multi-layer photonic crystal structure in the photon filter module to improve the filtering performance include:

[0014] Determine the structural parameters of the photonic crystal according to the frequency range of the microwave signal to be filtered, and design the periodic structure of the photonic crystal for the microwave signal in the specific frequency range of f1 to f2;

[0015] Calculate the band structure of the photonic crystal and determine the position and width of the photonic band gap. For a two-dimensional photonic crystal, its band structure is calculated by the following formula: in, is the angular frequency, is the wave vector, It is an inverted vector. is the dielectric constant, is the magnetic field component;

[0016] According to the calculation results, the material parameters and structural dimensions of the photonic crystal are adjusted so that the photonic band gap covers the required filtering frequency range;

[0017] Designing a multilayer photonic crystal structure based on the above photonic crystal structure, and fabricating a multilayer photonic crystal filter by layer-by-layer deposition method;

[0018] When an optical signal passes through a multi-layer photonic crystal filter, the photonic crystal structures of different layers will filter the optical signals in different frequency ranges. By adjusting the parameters of each layer, high-precision filtering of a specific frequency range can be achieved.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific execution steps of using the composite microring resonator structure in the photon filter module to improve the filtering performance include:

[0020] Determine the structural parameters of the radius R and waveguide width w of the microring resonator, and the center frequency f of the required filtering c , calculate the circumference of the microring resonator using the following formula: Among them, λ c is the central wavelength, n gis the group refractive index;

[0021] Calculate the coupling coefficient k between the microring resonator and the input and output waveguides. The coupling coefficient determines the coupling strength of the optical signal between the microring resonator and the input and output waveguides. Use photolithography and etching micromachining technology to make a microring resonator filter.

[0022] Combining and designing the above-mentioned multiple microring resonators with different radii, determining the radius and coupling coefficient parameters of each microring resonator, as well as the connection method between them, and calculating the overall filtering characteristics of the composite microring resonator;

[0023] When the optical signal is input into the composite microring resonator filter, different microring resonators will resonate and filter the optical signals of different frequencies. By adjusting the parameters and coupling strength of each microring resonator, a more complex filtering function can be achieved, and the selectivity and resolution of the filtering can be improved.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific steps of combining the filtering algorithm module with adaptive filtering to improve the filtering effect include:

[0025] The structure of the adaptive filter is set to a finite impulse response filter, and its filter coefficient vector is w = [w0, w1, ..., w N-1 ], where N is the order of the filter, initialize the filter coefficients;

[0026] Take the input signal x(n), where n represents the time index, and for each time instant n, calculate the output y(n) of the filter: Where x(nk) is the delayed version of the input signal;

[0027] Given that the desired output signal is d(n), calculate the error signal e(n): e(n) = d(n) - y(n);

[0028] According to the error signal, an adaptive algorithm is used to update the filter coefficients. The update formula is: w(n+1)=w(n)+μe(n)x(n), where μ is the step size parameter that controls the convergence speed and stability of the algorithm.

[0029] Furthermore, the specific steps of combining the filtering algorithm module with the digital filtering algorithm to improve the filtering effect include:

[0030] Perform spectrum analysis on the input microwave photon signal to determine the frequency distribution range, main frequency components and noise characteristics of the signal;

[0031] Select the digital filter type according to the signal characteristics and filtering requirements, including low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-pass filter and band-stop filter;

[0032] Determine the filter parameters, including cutoff frequency and filter order;

[0033] The input signal is convolved with the designed digital filter to obtain the filtered output signal. For the input signal x(n), the filtered output signal Where h(k) is the impulse response of the filter;

[0034] Perform quality assessment on the filtered signal, including calculating the signal-to-noise ratio and mean square error indicators;

[0035] According to the evaluation results, filter parameters are adjusted and different filter types are selected to further improve the filtering effect.

[0036] Furthermore, the specific steps of the programmable control module dynamically adjusting the photon filter parameters by software programming include:

[0037] Establish a communication interface with the photon filter and determine the communication protocol and data format;

[0038] According to the signal processing requirements, determine the photon filter parameters that need to be adjusted, including the center frequency f c , bandwidth B and attenuation coefficient α;

[0039] Use high-level programming languages ​​to write control programs and send parameter configuration instructions to the photon filter through the communication interface;

[0040] During the signal processing, the parameters of the photon filter are adjusted in real time according to the changes in the input signal and the feedback information;

[0041] Use PID control algorithm to achieve automatic adjustment of parameters and define the current center frequency as f c (t), the target center frequency is f c,tar get , the error is e(t) = f c,tar get -f c (t), the output of the PID control algorithm is expressed as: Among them, K p , K i , K d They are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient respectively. Different control performance can be achieved by adjusting these coefficients.

[0042] Furthermore, the specific steps of the programmable control module dynamically adjusting the photon filter parameters using the light control technology include:

[0043] Select appropriate light-control devices, including optical pump sources and photochromic materials, to control the material properties in the photon filter and determine the operating parameters of the light-control devices, including optical power and wavelength;

[0044] Designing a light control mechanism so that the light control device can effectively change the parameters of the photon filter;

[0045] A relationship model between the optical control signal and the filter parameters is established. The optical power is defined as P, and the refractive index change of the photochromic material is defined as Δn(P). Then the center frequency change of the filter is expressed as: Where c is the speed of light and λ is the wavelength of light;

[0046] According to the signal processing requirements, the photon filter parameters can be dynamically adjusted by controlling the optical power and wavelength parameters of the optical control device.

[0047] A microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing method, the method comprising:

[0048] The microwave signal is received by the signal conversion module and converted into an optical signal;

[0049] The converted optical signal is pre-processed by amplifying, attenuating and branching the optical signal through the optical signal pre-processing module;

[0050] Select photonic crystal filters and microring resonator filters according to different signal processing requirements, and combine adaptive filtering and digital filtering algorithms for filtering. At the same time, use programmable control modules to dynamically adjust photonic filter parameters through software programming and optical control technology;

[0051] The optical signal after filtering is subjected to photoelectric conversion, amplification and digital processing by an optical signal post-processing module;

[0052] The signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal and adjust the signal processing process according to the feedback.

[0053] Further, the signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal, and the signal processing process is adjusted according to the feedback. The method includes:

[0054] Output the processed signal to subsequent systems and devices through digital interface, analog interface and wireless transmission;

[0055] Use signal monitoring equipment to monitor the output signal in real time and evaluate its quality and performance;

[0056] Determine whether feedback adjustment is needed based on the monitored signal quality;

[0057] The quality of the output signal does not meet the requirements and feedback adjustment is required. A feedback signal is generated based on the signal quality problem and the feedback signal contains information on the adjustment parameters.

[0058] Furthermore, the signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal, and the signal processing process is adjusted according to the feedback. The method also includes:

[0059] Transmitting the feedback signal to the corresponding processing module, including the programmable control module and the filtering algorithm module;

[0060] According to the feedback signal, the corresponding processing module is adjusted, the programmable control module adjusts the parameters of the photon filter according to the feedback signal, and the filtering algorithm module adjusts the parameters of the digital filtering algorithm;

[0061] If the adjusted signal quality still does not meet the requirements, repeat the above steps until the output signal quality meets the requirements.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device and method have the following beneficial effects:

[0063] The present invention adopts a new type of photon filter based on photonic crystal and microring resonator structure, realizes high-precision and high-selectivity filtering function, can effectively remove noise and interference in the signal, improve signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, and combines advanced filtering algorithms, such as adaptive filtering and digital filtering, to further improve the filtering effect. By utilizing the programmable characteristics of the photon filter, dynamic adjustment of filtering parameters is realized, which can quickly adapt to different signal environments and processing requirements. The application of software-defined and optically controlled programmable technology makes parameter adjustment more convenient, fast and contactless, improves the reconfigurability and flexibility of the device, and can meet the processing requirements of complex signals.

[0064] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0066] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device;

[0067] Figure 2 The flowchart is a method for high-speed real-time signal processing of microwave photons. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] A microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device comprises: a signal conversion module, an optical signal preprocessing module, a photon filtering module, a filtering algorithm module, a programmable control module, an optical signal post-processing module and an optical signal post-processing module.

[0071] The signal conversion module is used to receive microwave signals and convert them into optical signals. The optical signal preprocessing module performs preprocessing operations on the converted optical signals. The photon filtering module realizes optical signal filtering based on photonic crystals and microring resonator structures, including the use of multi-layer photonic crystal structures and composite microring resonator structures to improve filtering performance. The filtering algorithm module combines adaptive filtering and digital filtering algorithms to improve filtering effects. The programmable control module uses software programming and optical control technology to dynamically adjust the photon filter parameters. The optical signal post-processing module further processes the filtered optical signals. The optical signal post-processing module outputs the processed signals and adjusts the signal processing process according to feedback.

[0072] When the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device uses a multi-layer photonic crystal structure in the photon filter module to improve the filtering performance, the structural parameters of the photonic crystal are first determined according to the frequency range of the microwave signal to be filtered. For microwave signals in a specific frequency range of f1 to f2, the periodic structure of the photonic crystal is designed. The photonic crystal is usually composed of two or more materials with different refractive indices arranged alternately, and its periodicity can be described by the lattice constant a. The band structure of the photonic crystal is calculated, and the position and width of the photonic band gap are determined. The calculation is performed using methods such as the plane wave expansion method. For a two-dimensional photonic crystal, its band structure is calculated using the following formula: in, is the angular frequency, is the wave vector, It is an inverted vector. is the dielectric constant, It is the magnetic field component. According to the calculation results, the material parameters (such as refractive index n1 and n2) and structural dimensions (such as lattice constant a, filling ratio, etc.) of the photonic crystal are adjusted so that the photonic band gap covers the required filtering frequency range. When the optical signal passes through the photonic crystal filter, the frequency components within the photonic band gap will be reflected or have extremely low transmittance, while other frequency components can pass through. By adjusting parameters such as the incident angle of the optical signal, the filtering effect can be further optimized.

[0073] Next, a multilayer photonic crystal structure is designed based on the above-mentioned photonic crystal structure, the material parameters and thickness of each layer are determined, and a multilayer photonic crystal filter is manufactured by a layer-by-layer deposition method to ensure the interface quality and thickness accuracy between the layers. When the optical signal passes through the multilayer photonic crystal filter, the photonic crystal structures of different layers will filter the optical signals in different frequency ranges. By adjusting the parameters of each layer, high-precision filtering of a specific frequency range can be achieved.

[0074] When the composite microring resonator structure is used in the photon filter module to improve the filtering performance, the structural parameters of the radius R and waveguide width w of the microring resonator are first determined, and the center frequency f of the required filtering is calculated. c , calculate the circumference of the microring resonator using the following formula: Among them, λ c is the central wavelength, n g is the group refractive index, and then the coupling coefficient k between the microring resonator and the input and output waveguides is calculated. The coupling coefficient can be calculated by the finite element method and other methods. It determines the coupling strength of the optical signal between the microring resonator and the input and output waveguides. The microring resonator filter is made by photolithography and etching micromachining technology to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the microring resonator. When the optical signal is input to the microring resonator filter, only the optical signal matching the resonant frequency of the microring resonator will form resonance in the microring, thereby achieving highly selective filtering. The resonant frequency of the microring resonator can be adjusted by external control means (such as thermo-optical effect, electro-optical effect, etc.). For example, for the thermo-optical effect, the following formula can be used to calculate the resonant frequency change Δf caused by the temperature change ΔT: Where f0 is the initial resonant frequency, Δn is the change in refractive index due to temperature change, and n0 is the initial refractive index.

[0075] Next, the above-mentioned multiple microring resonators with different radii are combined and designed to determine the radius and coupling coefficient parameters of each microring resonator, as well as the connection method between them, and calculate the overall filtering characteristics of the composite microring resonator. The coupled mode theory and other methods can be used for calculation. Considering the coupling effect between each microring resonator, when the optical signal is input into the composite microring resonator filter, different microring resonators will resonate and filter the optical signals of different frequencies. By adjusting the parameters and coupling strength of each microring resonator, a more complex filtering function can be achieved, and the selectivity and resolution of the filtering can be improved.

[0076] When the filtering algorithm module of the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device is combined with adaptive filtering to improve the filtering effect, the structure of the adaptive filter is first set to a finite impulse response filter, and its filter coefficient vector is w = [w0, w1, ..., w N-1], where N is the order of the filter, initialize the filter coefficients, and set their initial values ​​to zero and random small values. Then receive the input signal x(n), where n represents the time index. For each time instant n, calculate the filter output y(n): Where x(nk) is the delayed version of the input signal. The expected output signal is known to be d(n). The error signal e(n) is calculated: e(n) = d(n) - y(n). Based on the error signal, an adaptive algorithm is used to update the filter coefficients. The update formula is: w(n+1) = w(n) + μe(n)x(n). Where μ is the step size parameter, which controls the convergence speed and stability of the algorithm.

[0077] When the filtering algorithm module of the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device is combined with a digital filtering algorithm to improve the filtering effect, the input microwave photon signal is first subjected to spectrum analysis to determine the frequency distribution range, main frequency components and noise characteristics of the signal. Tools such as fast Fourier transform (FFT) can be used for spectrum analysis. For an input signal x(t), its spectrum X(f) is obtained after FFT, where f represents the frequency. According to the signal characteristics and filtering requirements, the type of digital filter is selected, including low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-pass filter and band-stop filter. If high-frequency noise is to be removed, a low-pass filter can be selected to determine the parameters of the filter, including the cutoff frequency and the filter order. The filter design can be performed using methods such as the window function method and the frequency sampling method.

[0078] Taking the design of FIR low-pass filter by window function method as an example, first determine the frequency response H of the ideal low-pass filter. d (f), then select a suitable window function w(n), such as Hanning window, Hamming window, etc., convolve the window function with the impulse response of the ideal filter to obtain the impulse response of the actual filter. The calculation process is: The frequency response of the ideal low-pass filter where f c is the cutoff frequency, assuming that the Hanning window is selected Where N is the filter length, the impulse response of the filter is h(n) = h d (n)*w(n), where h d (n) is the impulse response of the ideal filter, which can be obtained by inverse Fourier transform.

[0079] Next, the input signal is convolved with the designed digital filter to obtain the filtered output signal. For the input signal x(n), the filtered output signal Where h(k) is the impulse response of the filter. The quality of the filtered signal is evaluated, including the calculation of the signal-to-noise ratio and mean square error index. Where P signal is the signal power, P noiseis the noise power, mean square error According to the evaluation results, filter parameters are adjusted and different filter types are selected to further improve the filtering effect.

[0080] When the programmable control module of the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device dynamically adjusts the photon filter parameters by software programming, it first establishes a communication interface with the photon filter, which can be connected to the programmable devices (such as optical modulators, optical switches, etc.) in the photon filter through hardware platforms such as digital signal processors (DSPs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and determines the communication protocol and data format so that control instructions can be accurately sent and feedback information can be received. According to the signal processing requirements, the photon filter parameters that need to be adjusted are determined, including the center frequency f c , bandwidth B and attenuation coefficient α, use high-level programming languages ​​(such as C, Python, etc.) to write control programs, and send parameter configuration instructions to the photon filter through the communication interface. For example, to set the center frequency to, you can send the command: "SET_FREQUENCY(f c )”.

[0081] During the signal processing, the parameters of the photon filter are adjusted in real time according to the changes in the input signal and the feedback information. For example, if the frequency of the input signal is detected to have changed, the appropriate center frequency can be calculated based on the new frequency, and an adjustment instruction can be sent. The PID control algorithm is used to achieve automatic adjustment of the parameters, and the current center frequency is defined as f c (t), the target center frequency is f c,target , the error is e(t) = f c,target -f c (t), the output of the PID control algorithm is expressed as: Among them, K p , K i , K d They are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient respectively. Different control performance can be achieved by adjusting these coefficients.

[0082] When the programmable control module of the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device uses the optical control technology to dynamically adjust the photon filter parameters, firstly, a suitable optical control device is selected, including an optical pump source and a photochromic material, to regulate the material properties in the photon filter, and the working parameters of the optical control device, including optical power and wavelength, are determined. Then, an optical control mechanism is designed so that the optical control device can effectively change the parameters of the photon filter. For example, for a photon filter based on a photochromic material, the refractive index of the material can be changed by irradiating light of different wavelengths, thereby adjusting the center frequency of the filter. Then, a relationship model between the optical control signal and the filter parameters is established, and the optical power is defined as P, and the refractive index change of the photochromic material is defined as Δn(P). Then, the change in the center frequency of the filter is expressed as: Where c is the speed of light, and λ is the wavelength of light. According to the signal processing requirements, the optical power and wavelength parameters of the optical control device can be controlled to achieve dynamic adjustment of the photon filter parameters. The optical modulator can be used to modulate the optical control signal to achieve more precise control.

[0083] Embodiment 2

[0084] This embodiment further describes in detail the processing method of the microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device based on the first embodiment.

[0085] A microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing method, the method comprising: firstly, using a signal conversion module to receive a microwave signal and convert it into an optical signal, using a high-performance optoelectronic modulator to quickly and accurately load the microwave signal onto an optical carrier to achieve microwave-optical signal conversion, and then using an optical signal preprocessing module to amplify, attenuate and branch the converted optical signal to meet the requirements of a subsequent processing module, and using a low-noise optical amplifier and a precise optical attenuator to ensure the quality and stability of the optical signal.

[0086] Next, photonic crystal filters and microring resonator filters are selected according to different signal processing requirements, and adaptive filtering and digital filtering algorithms are combined for filtering. At the same time, programmable control modules are used to dynamically adjust the photon filter parameters through software programming and optical control technology. New photon filters are developed based on structures such as photonic crystals and microring resonators. Photonic crystal filters use periodic dielectric structures to form photonic band gaps to reflect or transmit light signals of specific frequencies to achieve high-precision filtering. Microring resonator filters use the resonance effect of light in a ring waveguide to achieve highly selective filtering functions. Multilayer photonic crystal structures and composite microring resonator structures are used to further improve High filtering performance, multilayer photonic crystal filters achieve high-precision filtering of different frequency ranges by precisely controlling the material parameters and structural dimensions of different layers. Composite microring resonator filters combine multiple microring resonators to form more complex filtering functions, improving the selectivity and resolution of filtering. Adaptive filtering algorithms automatically adjust the parameters of filters through real-time analysis and learning of input signals to adapt to different signal environments and processing requirements. Digital filtering algorithms further process the electrical signals output by photon filters to remove residual noise and interference, improve filtering accuracy and performance, and use the programmable characteristics of photon filters to dynamically adjust filtering parameters. Through software programming or optical control technology, optical modulators, optical switches and other devices in photon filters are controlled to achieve real-time adjustment of parameters such as the center frequency, bandwidth, and attenuation coefficient of the filter.

[0087] Then, the optical signal post-processing module performs photoelectric conversion, amplification and digital processing on the filtered optical signal. A high-speed photodetector and a high-performance digital signal processor are used to ensure the speed and accuracy of signal processing. Finally, the signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal, and the signal processing process is adjusted according to the feedback. The processed signal is output to subsequent systems or equipment, such as communication receivers, radar displays, etc. At the same time, the signal processing process is adjusted and optimized through the feedback mechanism according to the quality and performance of the output signal. For example, when the signal-to-noise ratio of the output signal does not meet the requirements, the parameters of the photon filter are automatically adjusted or different filtering algorithms are selected to improve the signal processing effect.

[0088] The processed signal is output to subsequent systems and equipment, such as communication receivers, radar displays, etc., through digital interfaces, analog interfaces and wireless transmission methods. Signal monitoring equipment such as oscilloscopes and spectrum analyzers are used to monitor the output signal in real time to evaluate its quality and performance, and measure signal parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate. Based on the monitored signal quality, it is determined whether feedback adjustment is needed. If the quality of the output signal does not meet the requirements, such as the signal-to-noise ratio is too low or the bit error rate is too high, feedback adjustment is needed. If the quality of the output signal does not meet the requirements, feedback adjustment is needed. A feedback signal is generated based on the signal quality problem. The feedback signal contains information on adjustment parameters, such as parameter adjustment of the photon filter and parameter adjustment of the digital filtering algorithm.

[0089] The feedback signal is transmitted to the corresponding processing module, including the programmable control module and the filtering algorithm module. The feedback signal can be transmitted through a digital communication interface or an internal bus. According to the feedback signal, the corresponding processing module is adjusted. The programmable control module adjusts the parameters of the photon filter according to the feedback signal. The filtering algorithm module adjusts the parameters of the digital filtering algorithm. If the signal quality after adjustment still does not meet the requirements, the above steps are repeated until the quality of the output signal meets the requirements.

[0090] The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device and method of the present invention have the characteristics of large bandwidth, low loss, and resistance to electromagnetic interference, and can effectively process high-speed and broadband signals, providing a new solution for signal processing in the fields of communication, radar, electronic countermeasures, etc.

[0091] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the same elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device, characterized in that: The device includes: A signal conversion module, used for receiving microwave signals and converting them into optical signals; An optical signal preprocessing module performs preprocessing operations on the converted optical signal; Photonic filter module, which implements optical signal filtering based on photonic crystal and microring resonator structures, including the use of multi-layer photonic crystal structures and composite microring resonator structures to improve filtering performance; Filter algorithm module, combining adaptive filtering and digital filtering algorithms to improve filtering effect; Programmable control module, using software programming and light control technology to dynamically adjust the photon filter parameters; An optical signal post-processing module further processes the filtered optical signal; The signal output and feedback module outputs the processed signal and adjusts the signal processing process according to the feedback.

2. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific execution steps of using a multi-layer photonic crystal structure in the photon filter module to improve the filtering performance include: Determine the structural parameters of the photonic crystal according to the frequency range of the microwave signal to be filtered, and design the periodic structure of the photonic crystal for the microwave signal in the specific frequency range of f1 to f2; Calculate the band structure of the photonic crystal and determine the position and width of the photonic band gap. For a two-dimensional photonic crystal, its band structure is calculated by the following formula: in, is the angular frequency, is the wave vector, It is an inverted vector. is the dielectric constant, is the magnetic field component; According to the calculation results, the material parameters and structural dimensions of the photonic crystal are adjusted so that the photonic band gap covers the required filtering frequency range; Designing a multilayer photonic crystal structure based on the above photonic crystal structure, and fabricating a multilayer photonic crystal filter by layer-by-layer deposition method; When an optical signal passes through a multi-layer photonic crystal filter, the photonic crystal structures of different layers will filter the optical signals in different frequency ranges. By adjusting the parameters of each layer, high-precision filtering of a specific frequency range can be achieved.

3. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific execution steps of using the composite microring resonator structure in the photon filter module to improve the filtering performance include: Determine the structural parameters of the radius R and waveguide width w of the microring resonator, and the center frequency f of the required filtering c , calculate the circumference of the microring resonator using the following formula: Among them, λ c is the central wavelength, n g is the group refractive index; Calculate the coupling coefficient k between the microring resonator and the input and output waveguides. The coupling coefficient determines the coupling strength of the optical signal between the microring resonator and the input and output waveguides. Use photolithography and etching micromachining technology to make a microring resonator filter. Combining and designing the above-mentioned multiple microring resonators with different radii, determining the radius and coupling coefficient parameters of each microring resonator, as well as the connection method between them, and calculating the overall filtering characteristics of the composite microring resonator; When the optical signal is input into the composite microring resonator filter, different microring resonators will resonate and filter the optical signals of different frequencies. By adjusting the parameters and coupling strength of each microring resonator, a more complex filtering function can be achieved, and the selectivity and resolution of the filtering can be improved.

4. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of combining the filtering algorithm module with adaptive filtering to improve the filtering effect include: The structure of the adaptive filter is set to a finite impulse response filter, and its filter coefficient vector is w = [w0, w1, ..., w N-1 ], where N is the order of the filter, initialize the filter coefficients; Take the input signal x(n), where n represents the time index, and for each time instant n, calculate the output y(n) of the filter: Where x(nk) is the delayed version of the input signal; Given that the desired output signal is d(n), calculate the error signal e(n): e(n) = d(n) - y(n); According to the error signal, an adaptive algorithm is used to update the filter coefficients. The update formula is: w(n+1)=w(n)+μe(n)x(n), where μ is the step size parameter that controls the convergence speed and stability of the algorithm.

5. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of combining the filtering algorithm module with the digital filtering algorithm to improve the filtering effect include: Perform spectrum analysis on the input microwave photon signal to determine the frequency distribution range, main frequency components and noise characteristics of the signal; Select the digital filter type according to the signal characteristics and filtering requirements, including low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-pass filter and band-stop filter; Determine the filter parameters, including cutoff frequency and filter order; The input signal is convolved with the designed digital filter to obtain the filtered output signal. For the input signal x(n), the filtered output signal Where h(k) is the impulse response of the filter; Perform quality assessment on the filtered signal, including calculating the signal-to-noise ratio and mean square error indicators; According to the evaluation results, filter parameters are adjusted and different filter types are selected to further improve the filtering effect.

6. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of dynamically adjusting the photon filter parameters by the programmable control module using software programming include: Establish a communication interface with the photon filter and determine the communication protocol and data format; According to the signal processing requirements, determine the photon filter parameters that need to be adjusted, including the center frequency f c , bandwidth B and attenuation coefficient α; Use high-level programming languages ​​to write control programs and send parameter configuration instructions to the photon filter through the communication interface; During the signal processing, the parameters of the photon filter are adjusted in real time according to the changes in the input signal and the feedback information; Use PID control algorithm to achieve automatic adjustment of parameters and define the current center frequency as f c (t), the target center frequency is f c,target , the error is e(t)=f c,target -f c (t), the output of the PID control algorithm is expressed as: Among them, K p , K i , K d They are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient respectively. Different control performance can be achieved by adjusting these coefficients.

7. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of dynamically adjusting the photon filter parameters by the programmable control module using the light control technology include: Select appropriate light-control devices, including optical pump sources and photochromic materials, to control the material properties in the photon filter and determine the operating parameters of the light-control devices, including optical power and wavelength; Designing a light control mechanism so that the light control device can effectively change the parameters of the photon filter; A relationship model between the optical control signal and the filter parameters is established. The optical power is defined as P, and the refractive index change of the photochromic material is defined as Δn(P). Then the center frequency change of the filter is expressed as: Where c is the speed of light and λ is the wavelength of light; According to the signal processing requirements, the photon filter parameters can be dynamically adjusted by controlling the optical power and wavelength parameters of the optical control device.

8. A microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing method, characterized in that: The method includes: The microwave signal is received by the signal conversion module and converted into an optical signal; The converted optical signal is pre-processed by amplifying, attenuating and branching the optical signal through the optical signal pre-processing module; Select photonic crystal filters and microring resonator filters according to different signal processing requirements, and combine adaptive filtering and digital filtering algorithms for filtering. At the same time, use programmable control modules to dynamically adjust photonic filter parameters through software programming and optical control technology; The optical signal after filtering is subjected to photoelectric conversion, amplification and digital processing by an optical signal post-processing module; The signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal and adjust the signal processing process according to the feedback.

9. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal, and the signal processing process is adjusted according to the feedback. The method includes: Output the processed signal to subsequent systems and devices through digital interface, analog interface and wireless transmission; Use signal monitoring equipment to monitor the output signal in real time and evaluate its quality and performance; Determine whether feedback adjustment is needed based on the monitored signal quality; The quality of the output signal does not meet the requirements and feedback adjustment is required. A feedback signal is generated based on the signal quality problem and the feedback signal contains information on the adjustment parameters.

10. The microwave photon high-speed real-time signal processing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The signal output and feedback module is used to output the processed signal, and the signal processing process is adjusted according to the feedback. The method also includes: Transmitting the feedback signal to the corresponding processing module, including the programmable control module and the filtering algorithm module; According to the feedback signal, the corresponding processing module is adjusted, the programmable control module adjusts the parameters of the photon filter according to the feedback signal, and the filtering algorithm module adjusts the parameters of the digital filtering algorithm; If the adjusted signal quality still does not meet the requirements, repeat the above steps until the output signal quality meets the requirements.

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