A device for repairing ridges by cutting stubbles, avoiding soil and cutting roots, which can be separated and combined

Abstract

The present application belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a split and combined movable cutter stubble cleaning and soil avoiding and root breaking ridge-shaped repairing device, which comprises a stubble cleaning device, a root cleaning device and a soil covering device. The stubble cleaning device identifies the type of crops in real time through an observation camera, provides the crop type information to a controller, and controls the movable cutter shaft and the sliding block to move each movable cutter piece to form a new combined movable and fixed cutter. The combined movable and fixed cutter can adapt to the crushing of stubble bodies of different crops, improve the adaptability of the stubble cutter and the stubble crushing quality. The root cleaning device moves the root cleaning wheel up and down through a cylindrical cam structure to avoid the soil between the stubble and the root, avoids large-area soil turning, effectively preserves the soil, and imitates the design of a wolf tooth stick. The arrangement of the root cleaning wheel tips is innovated to make it more consistent with the distribution of the corn root system, and high-quality root crushing is realized. The soil covering device drives the soil covering plate to open and close through a gear mechanism to realize efficient ridge-shaped repair of the area after root cleaning.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a device capable of separating and combining a moving fixed knife, cutting stubble, avoiding soil, breaking roots and repairing ridges. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing root stubble crushing device has the problems of large amount of soil movement, serious soil runoff, poor root stubble crushing effect, serious ridge damage and influence on subsequent agricultural production. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application is developed to solve the above technical problems, and provides a device capable of separating and combining a moving fixed knife, cutting stubble, avoiding soil, breaking roots and repairing ridges. The device can identify the type of crops through an observation camera, adjust the combined knife shape according to the crop type, lift the root breaking wheel to avoid the soil between the two roots after cleaning the roots, and efficiently break the crop roots through the root breaking wheel tip arranged based on the distribution of the crop roots. The device can also design the soil covering mechanism according to the ridge characteristics, cover the soil in the root breaking area and repair the ridge.

[0004] The stubble cleaning device comprises a power input gearbox, a first shell, a moving knife transmission shaft, a gear reducer, a deformable stubble cleaning moving knife device and a deformable stubble cleaning fixed knife device. The power input gearbox is fixed on the top of the first shell, and the output shaft of the power input gearbox is coaxially fixed with the moving knife transmission shaft. The deformable stubble cleaning moving knife device comprises a gear reducer, a moving knife shaft motor, a first stubble cleaning moving knife, a second stubble cleaning moving knife, a third stubble cleaning moving knife, a limiting gear and a limiting rack. The gear reducer is fixed on the bottom of the moving knife transmission shaft. The moving knife shaft motor, the moving knife shaft motor battery and the moving knife shaft motor controller are all fixed on the side of the gear reducer. The moving knife shaft motor battery is connected with the moving knife shaft motor and the moving knife shaft motor controller through wires respectively. The moving knife shaft motor controller is connected with the moving knife shaft motor through wires. The output shaft of the moving knife shaft motor is coaxially fixed with the input shaft of the gear reducer. The moving knife shaft is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the gear reducer. The first moving knife shaft disc is coaxially fixed on the upper part of the moving knife shaft. The limiting rack plate is fixed on the lower side of the first moving knife shaft disc. The limiting gear motor battery, the limiting gear motor controller and the limiting gear motor are all fixed on the limiting rack plate. The limiting gear motor battery is connected with the limiting gear motor controller and the limiting gear motor through wires respectively. The limiting gear motor controller is connected with the limiting gear motor through wires. The limiting gear is fixed with the output shaft of the limiting gear motor. The limiting gear is engaged with the limiting rack. The limiting rack is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the limiting rack plate. One end of the limiting connecting rod is fixed on the bottom of the limiting rack. The other end of the limiting connecting rod is fixed on the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc. The moving knife disc connecting shaft is fixed on the annular inner side of the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc. Three groups of up-and-down opposite moving knife shaft sliding grooves are arranged on the moving knife shaft. The moving knife disc connecting shaft is slidably installed in the moving knife shaft sliding groove. Four first stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts are fixed on the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc at equal angles. The first stubble cleaning moving knives are all fixed on the corresponding first stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts. The blade edges of the first stubble cleaning moving knives are sawtooth-shaped. The sawteeth adopt straight back tooth structure. Four second stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts are fixed on the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc at equal angles. The second stubble cleaning moving knives are all fixed on the corresponding second stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts. The blade edges of the second stubble cleaning moving knives are sawtooth-shaped. The sawteeth adopt unequal triangle structure. The two ends of the limiting spring are respectively fixed on the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc and the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc. Four third stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts are fixed on the third stubble cleaning moving knife disc at equal angles. The third stubble cleaning moving knives are all fixed on the corresponding third stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts. The blade edges of the third stubble cleaning moving knives are sawtooth-shaped. The sawteeth adopt straight back tooth structure. The two ends of the limiting spring are respectively fixed on the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc and the third stubble cleaning moving knife disc. The first stubble cleaning moving knife disc, the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc and the third stubble cleaning moving knife disc are all slidably installed in the moving knife shaft sliding groove. The first stubble cleaning moving knife, the second stubble cleaning moving knife and the third stubble cleaning moving knife constitute the deformable stubble cleaning moving knife group. Two groups of deformable stubble cleaning moving knife groups are arranged axially on the moving knife shaft. The second moving knife shaft disc is coaxially fixed on the bottom of the moving knife shaft.The limiting rack plate is fixed on the upper end of the second cutter shaft disc. The above-mentioned variable stubble cleaning cutter device comprises a first cutter seat, a cutter sliding block motor, a cutter sliding block, a cutter sliding rail, a first stubble cleaning cutter, a second stubble cleaning cutter and a third stubble cleaning cutter. The first cutter seat is fixed on the upper part of the first shell side plate. The second cutter base is fixed on the lower part of the first shell side plate. One end of the cutter sliding rail is fixed on the lower side of the first cutter seat. The other end of the cutter sliding rail is fixed on the upper end of the second cutter base. The cutter sliding block is slidably installed on the cutter sliding rail. The cutter sliding block motor, the cutter sliding block motor battery and the cutter sliding block motor controller are all fixed on the cutter sliding block. The cutter sliding block motor battery is connected with the cutter sliding block motor and the cutter sliding block motor controller through wires respectively. The cutter sliding block motor is connected with the cutter sliding block motor controller through wires. The first stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft is fixed on the cutter sliding block. The first stubble cleaning cutter is fixed on the first stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft. The second stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft is fixed on the cutter sliding block. The second stubble cleaning cutter is fixed on the second stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft. The third stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft is fixed on the cutter sliding block. The third stubble cleaning cutter is fixed on the third stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft. The first stubble cleaning cutter, the second stubble cleaning cutter and the third stubble cleaning cutter constitute a variable stubble cleaning cutter group. The cutter sliding rail is provided with two groups of variable stubble cleaning cutter groups. Each group of variable stubble cleaning cutter is staggered with each group of variable stubble cleaning cutter.

[0005] The root-destroying device comprises a cylindrical cam connecting shaft, a cylindrical cam rack, a cylindrical cam, a cylindrical cam motor, a cylindrical cam sliding rod, a root-destroying wheel shaft, a root-destroying wheel tip, a root-destroying wheel motor and a second shell, the cylindrical cam rack is fixed on the first shell, the cylindrical cam motor, the cylindrical cam motor battery and the cylindrical cam motor controller are all fixed on the cylindrical cam rack, the cylindrical cam motor battery is connected with the cylindrical cam motor and the cylindrical cam motor controller through wires, the cylindrical cam motor controller is connected with the cylindrical cam motor through wires, the cylindrical cam is rotatably installed in the cylindrical cam rack, the output shaft of the cylindrical cam motor is coaxially fixed with the cylindrical cam, the cylindrical cam connecting shaft is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the cylindrical cam, the cylindrical cam connecting shaft is fixed with the cylindrical cam sliding rod, the cylindrical cam sliding rod is slidably installed on the cylindrical cam rack, the cylindrical cam sliding rod is fixed with the root-destroying wheel motor seat, the root-destroying wheel motor, the root-destroying wheel motor battery, the root-destroying wheel motor controller and the observation camera are all fixed on the root-destroying wheel motor seat, the root-destroying wheel motor battery is connected with the root-destroying wheel motor, the root-destroying wheel motor controller and the observation camera through wires, the root-destroying wheel motor is connected with the root-destroying wheel motor controller through wires, the output shaft of the root-destroying wheel motor is coaxially fixed with the root-destroying wheel shaft, the root-destroying wheel adopts the design of imitating wolf's fang, the root-destroying wheel tip is fixed with the root-destroying wheel shaft, the root-destroying wheel tip is arranged according to the distribution of the corn root system, the two ends of the root-destroying wheel tip are arranged at a large angle, the middle part is vertically distributed, the outer surface is provided with a spiral groove to realize the effect of reducing viscosity and resistance, the root-destroying wheel motor seat is fixed on the same side of the root-destroying wheel shell, the second shell back is provided with two root-destroying wheel shell sliding grooves, the root-destroying wheel shell sliding blocks are fixed on both ends of the root-destroying wheel shell, and the root-destroying wheel shell sliding blocks are slidably installed in the root-destroying wheel shell sliding grooves.

[0006] The soil covering device comprises a soil covering motor, a first connecting shaft, a soil covering motor seat, a soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod, a soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod and a soil covering plate. The soil covering motor seat is fixed on the root-killing wheel housing. The soil covering motor, a soil covering motor storage battery and a soil covering motor controller are all fixed on the soil covering motor seat. The soil covering motor storage battery is connected with the soil covering motor controller and the soil covering motor through wires respectively. The soil covering motor is connected with the soil covering motor controller through a wire. The output shaft of the soil covering motor is fixed with the soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod. The spur gear of the soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod is engaged with the spur gear of the soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod. The soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod is fixed with a second connecting shaft. The second connecting shaft is hinged with a first connecting rod. A third connecting shaft is fixed on the first connecting rod. A second connecting rod is hinged with the third connecting shaft at one end. A third connecting rod is hinged with the third connecting shaft at one end. A sixth connecting shaft is fixed on the soil covering motor seat. The other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the sixth connecting shaft. The other end of the third connecting rod is hinged with the sixth connecting shaft. The soil covering plate is fixed with the end of the first connecting rod. The first connecting shaft is fixed on the soil covering motor seat. The soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod is rotatably installed on the first connecting shaft. A fourth connecting shaft is fixed with the connecting rod of the soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod. A fifth connecting rod is fixed with the fourth connecting shaft. A fifth connecting shaft is fixed with the fifth connecting rod. The first end of a fourth connecting rod is hinged with the fifth connecting shaft. The first end of a sixth connecting rod is hinged with the lower end of the fifth connecting shaft. A seventh connecting shaft is fixed on the soil covering motor seat. The other end of the fourth connecting rod is hinged with the seventh connecting shaft. The other end of the sixth connecting rod is hinged with the seventh connecting shaft. The side end of the soil covering plate is fixed with the end of the fifth connecting rod. The soil covering plate is designed in a trapezoidal shape according to the ridge type. Thus, a split and combined movable cutter stubble cutting and soil breaking ridge shape repairing device is formed.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application mainly comprises a stubble removing device, a root removing device and a soil covering device. The stubble removing device can identify the type of crops in real time through observation cameras, provide crop type information to the controller, and control the movable cutter shaft and the sliding block to move each movable cutter to form a new combined movable and fixed cutter. The split combined movable and fixed cutter can adapt to the crushing of stubble of different crops, improve the adaptability of the stubble cutter and the quality of the crushed stubble, the root removing device can move the root removing wheel up and down through the cylindrical cam structure to avoid the soil between the stubble and the root, avoid large area soil turning, effectively preserve the soil, the root removing wheel is designed by imitating a wolf tooth stick, and the arrangement of the root removing wheel tips is innovated, so that it is more consistent with the distribution of corn root system, and high-quality root crushing is realized, the soil covering device drives the soil covering plate to open and close through a gear mechanism, and realizes efficient repair of the area after root removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate the present application and are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 An isometric view of a split knife stubble avoiding root breaking ridge forming repair device

[0010] Figure 2 An isometric view of a root destroying device

[0011] Figure 3 An isometric view of a root destroying device

[0012] Figure 4 An isometric view of a covering device

[0013] Figure number explanation:

[0014] 1, three-point suspension frame 2, power input gearbox 3, first housing 4, first fixed knife seat 5, fixed knife sliding rail 6, fixed knife sliding block 7, fixed knife sliding block motor 8, first stubble cleaning fixed knife connecting shaft 9, first stubble cleaning fixed knife 10, second stubble cleaning fixed knife 11, second stubble cleaning fixed knife connecting shaft 12, third stubble cleaning fixed knife 13, third stubble cleaning fixed knife connecting shaft 14, fixed knife sliding block motor battery 15, fixed knife sliding block motor controller 16, moving knife transmission shaft 17, gear reducer 18, moving knife shaft motor 19, moving knife shaft motor battery 20, moving knife shaft motor controller 21, moving knife shaft 22, first moving knife shaft disc 23, moving knife disc connecting shaft 24, first stubble cleaning moving knife disc 25, first stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shaft 26, first stubble cleaning moving knife 27, second stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shaft 28, second stubble cleaning moving knife 29, limiting spring 30, third stubble cleaning moving knife 31, third stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shaft 32, moving knife shaft sliding groove 33, second moving knife shaft disc 34, limiting gear 35, limiting rack 36, limiting gear motor battery 37, limiting gear motor controller 38, limiting gear motor 39, limiting connecting rod 40, cylindrical cam motor 41, cylindrical cam motor battery 42, cylindrical cam motor controller 43, cylindrical cam connecting shaft 44, cylindrical cam rack 45, cylindrical cam 46, cylindrical cam sliding rod 47, root-destroying wheel motor seat 48, observation camera 49, root-destroying wheel motor controller 50, root-destroying wheel motor battery 51, root-destroying wheel motor 52, second housing 53, root-destroying wheel housing sliding groove 54, root-destroying wheel housing sliding block 55, root-destroying wheel housing 56, root-destroying wheel shaft 57, covering motor 58, covering motor battery 59, covering motor controller 60, first connecting shaft 61, covering driven spur gear connecting rod 62, covering motor seat 63, second connecting shaft 64, first connecting rod 65, covering driving spur gear connecting rod 66, second connecting rod 67, third connecting shaft 68, third connecting rod 69, fourth connecting shaft 70, fourth connecting rod 71, fifth connecting rod 72, fifth connecting shaft 73, sixth connecting rod 74, sixth connecting shaft 75, seventh connecting shaft 76, covering plate 77, second fixed knife base 78, limiting rack plate 79, second stubble cleaning moving knife disc 80, third stubble cleaning moving knife disc 81, root-destroying wheel tip DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. A combined and separated moving fixed knife stubble cleaning and root destroying and soil covering ridge shaping repair device comprises a three-point suspension frame 1, a first housing 3, a stubble cleaning device, a root destroying device and a soil covering device. The three-point suspension frame 1 is fixed to the top of the first housing 3. The stubble cleaning device is arranged in the first housing 3. The root destroying device and the soil covering device are arranged in the first housing 3 from front to back.

[0016] The stubble cleaning device comprises a power input gearbox 2, a first housing 3, a moving knife transmission shaft 16, a gear reducer 17, a deformable stubble cleaning moving knife device, a deformable stubble cleaning fixed knife device, the power input gearbox 2 is fixed on the top of the first housing 3, the output shaft of the power input gearbox 2 is coaxially fixed with the moving knife transmission shaft 16, the deformable stubble cleaning moving and fixed knife device comprises the gear reducer 17, a moving knife shaft motor 18, a first stubble cleaning moving knife 26, a second stubble cleaning moving knife 28, a third stubble cleaning moving knife 30, a limiting gear 34 and a limiting rack 35, the gear reducer 17 is fixed on the bottom of the moving knife transmission shaft 16, the moving knife shaft motor 18, a moving knife shaft motor storage battery 19 and a moving knife shaft motor controller 20 are all fixed on the side of the gear reducer 17, the moving knife shaft motor storage battery 19 is connected with the moving knife shaft motor 18 and the moving knife shaft motor controller 20 through wires respectively, the moving knife shaft motor controller 20 is connected with the moving knife shaft motor 18 through wires, the output shaft of the moving knife shaft motor 18 is coaxially fixed with the input shaft of the gear reducer 17, a moving knife shaft 21 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the gear reducer 17, a first moving knife shaft disc 22 is coaxially fixed on the upper part of the moving knife shaft 21, a limiting rack plate 78 is fixed on the lower side of the first moving knife shaft disc 22, a limiting gear motor storage battery 36, a limiting gear motor controller 37 and a limiting gear motor 38 are all fixed on the limiting rack plate 78, the limiting gear motor storage battery 36 is connected with the limiting gear motor controller 37 and the limiting gear motor 38 through wires respectively, the limiting gear motor controller 37 is connected with the limiting gear motor 38 through wires, the limiting gear 34 is fixed with the output shaft of the limiting gear motor 38, the limiting gear 34 is engaged with the limiting rack 35, the limiting rack 35 is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the limiting rack plate 78, one end of a limiting connecting rod 39 is fixed on the bottom of the limiting rack 35, the other end of the limiting connecting rod 39 is fixed on a first stubble cleaning moving knife disc 24, a moving knife disc connecting shaft 23 is fixed on the annular inner side of the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc 24, three groups of up-down opposite moving knife shaft sliding grooves 32 are formed on the moving knife shaft 21, the moving knife disc connecting shaft 23 is slidably installed in the moving knife shaft sliding groove 32, four first stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts 25 are fixed on the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc 24 at equal angles in the circumferential direction, the first stubble cleaning moving knives 26 are all fixed on the corresponding first stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts 25, the blade edges of the first stubble cleaning moving knives 26 are sawtooth-shaped, the sawteeth adopt straight back tooth structure, four second stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts 27 are fixed on a second stubble cleaning moving knife disc 79 at equal angles in the circumferential direction, the second stubble cleaning moving knives 28 are all fixed on the corresponding second stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts 27, the blade edges of the second stubble cleaning moving knives 28 are sawtooth-shaped, the sawteeth adopt unequal angle triangle structure, two ends of a limiting spring 29 are respectively fixed on the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc 24 and the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc 79, four third stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts 31 are fixed on a third stubble cleaning moving knife disc 80 at equal angles in the circumferential direction, the third stubble cleaning moving knives 30 are all fixed on the corresponding third stubble cleaning moving knife connecting shafts 31, the blade edges of the third stubble cleaning moving knives 30 are sawtooth-shaped, the sawteeth adopt straight back tooth structure.The two ends of the limiting spring 29 are respectively fixed on the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc 79 and the third stubble cleaning moving knife disc 80, the first stubble cleaning moving knife disc 24, the second stubble cleaning moving knife disc 79 and the third stubble cleaning moving knife disc 80 are slidably installed in the moving knife shaft sliding groove 32, the first stubble cleaning moving knife 26, the second stubble cleaning moving knife 28 and the third stubble cleaning moving knife 30 constitute a deformable stubble cleaning moving knife group, two groups of deformable stubble cleaning moving knife groups are arranged axially on the moving knife shaft 21, the second moving knife shaft disc 33 is coaxially fixed on the bottom of the moving knife shaft 21, and the limiting rack plate 78 is fixed on the upper end of the second moving knife shaft disc 33. The deformable stubble cleaning cutter device includes the first cutter seat 4, the cutter sliding block motor 7, the cutter sliding block 6, the cutter sliding rail 5, the first stubble cleaning cutter 9, the second stubble cleaning cutter 10 and the third stubble cleaning cutter 12, the first cutter seat 4 is fixed on the upper part of the side plate of the first shell 3, the second cutter bottom seat 77 is fixed on the lower part of the side plate of the first shell 3, one end of the cutter sliding rail 5 is fixed on the lower side of the first cutter seat 4, the other end of the cutter sliding rail 5 is fixed on the upper end of the second cutter bottom seat 77, the cutter sliding block 6 is slidably installed on the cutter sliding rail 5, the cutter sliding block motor 7, the cutter sliding block motor storage battery 14 and the cutter sliding block motor controller 15 are all fixed on the cutter sliding block 6, the cutter sliding block motor storage battery 14 is connected with the cutter sliding block motor 7 and the cutter sliding block motor controller 15 through wires respectively, the cutter sliding block motor 7 is connected with the cutter sliding block motor controller 15 through wires, the first stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft 8 is fixed on the cutter sliding block 6, the first stubble cleaning cutter 9 is fixed on the first stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft 8, the second stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft 11 is fixed on the cutter sliding block 6, the second stubble cleaning cutter 10 is fixed on the second stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft 11, the third stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft 13 is fixed on the cutter sliding block 6, the third stubble cleaning cutter 12 is fixed on the third stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft 13, the first stubble cleaning cutter 9, the second stubble cleaning cutter 10 and the third stubble cleaning cutter 12 constitute a deformable stubble cleaning cutter group, the cutter sliding rail 5 is provided with two groups of deformable stubble cleaning cutter groups, and each group of deformable stubble cleaning moving knife and each group of deformable stubble cleaning cutter are staggered.

[0017] The root-killing device comprises a cylindrical cam connecting shaft 43, a cylindrical cam frame 44, a cylindrical cam 45, a cylindrical cam motor 40, a cylindrical cam sliding rod 46, a root-killing wheel shaft 56, a root-killing wheel tip 81, a root-killing wheel motor 51 and a second housing 52, the cylindrical cam frame 44 is fixed on the first housing 3, the cylindrical cam motor 40, the cylindrical cam motor storage battery 41 and the cylindrical cam motor controller 42 are all fixed on the cylindrical cam frame 44, the cylindrical cam motor storage battery 41 is connected with the cylindrical cam motor 40 and the cylindrical cam motor controller 42 through wires respectively, the cylindrical cam motor controller 42 is connected with the cylindrical cam motor 40 through wires, the cylindrical cam 45 is rotatably installed in the cylindrical cam frame 44, the output shaft of the cylindrical cam motor 40 is coaxially fixed with the cylindrical cam 45, the cylindrical cam connecting shaft 43 is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the cylindrical cam 45, the cylindrical cam connecting shaft 43 is fixed with the cylindrical cam sliding rod 46, the cylindrical cam sliding rod 46 is slidably installed on the cylindrical cam frame 44, the cylindrical cam sliding rod 46 is fixed with the root-killing wheel motor seat 47, the root-killing wheel motor 51, the root-killing wheel motor storage battery 50, the root-killing wheel motor controller 49 and the observation camera 48 are all fixed on the root-killing wheel motor seat 47, the root-killing wheel motor storage battery 50 is connected with the root-killing wheel motor 51, the root-killing wheel motor controller 49 and the observation camera 48 through wires respectively, the root-killing wheel motor 51 is connected with the root-killing wheel motor controller 49 through wires, the output shaft of the root-killing wheel motor 51 is coaxially fixed with the root-killing wheel shaft 56, the root-killing wheel adopts the design of imitating wolf's fang, the root-killing wheel tip 81 is fixed with the root-killing wheel shaft 56, the root-killing wheel tip 81 is arranged according to the distribution of corn root system, the root-killing wheel tip 81 is arranged with large angle inclination at both ends and vertical distribution in the middle part, the outer surface is provided with a spiral groove to realize the effect of reducing viscosity and resistance, the root-killing wheel motor seat 47 is fixed on the same side of the root-killing wheel housing 55, the second housing 52 is provided with two root-killing wheel housing sliding grooves 53 on the back side, the root-killing wheel housing sliding blocks 54 are fixed at both ends of the root-killing wheel housing 55, and the root-killing wheel housing sliding blocks 54 are slidably installed in the root-killing wheel housing sliding grooves 53.

[0018] The soil covering device comprises a soil covering motor 57, a first connecting shaft 60, a soil covering motor seat 62, a soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65, a soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod 61, and a soil covering plate 76. The soil covering motor seat 62 is fixed on the root-destroying wheel housing 55. The soil covering motor 57, a soil covering motor storage battery 58, and a soil covering motor controller 59 are all fixed on the soil covering motor seat 62. The soil covering motor storage battery 58 is connected with the soil covering motor controller 59 and the soil covering motor 57 through electric wires respectively. The soil covering motor 57 is connected with the soil covering motor controller 59 through an electric wire. The output shaft of the soil covering motor 57 is fixed with the soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65. The spur gear of the soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65 is engaged with the spur gear of the soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod 61. The soil covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65 is fixed with a second connecting shaft 63 at one end. The second connecting shaft 63 is hinged with a first connecting rod 64. A third connecting shaft 67 is fixed on the first connecting rod 64. A second connecting rod 66 is hinged with the third connecting shaft 67 at one end. A third connecting rod 68 is hinged with the third connecting shaft 67 at one end. A sixth connecting shaft 74 is fixed on the soil covering motor seat 62. The second connecting rod 66 is hinged with the sixth connecting shaft 74 at the other end. The third connecting rod 68 is hinged with the sixth connecting shaft 74 at the other end. The soil covering plate 76 is fixed with the end of the first connecting rod 64. The first connecting shaft 60 is fixed on the soil covering motor seat 62. The soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod 61 is rotatably installed on the first connecting shaft 60. A fourth connecting shaft 69 is fixed with the connecting rod of the soil covering driven spur gear connecting rod 61. A fifth connecting rod 71 is fixed with the fourth connecting shaft 69. A fifth connecting shaft 72 is fixed with the fifth connecting rod 71. A fourth connecting rod 70 is hinged with the fifth connecting shaft 72 at one end. A sixth connecting rod 73 is hinged with the lower end of the fifth connecting shaft 72 at one end. A seventh connecting shaft 75 is fixed on the soil covering motor seat 62. The fourth connecting rod 70 is hinged with the seventh connecting shaft 75 at the other end. The sixth connecting rod 73 is hinged with the seventh connecting shaft 75 at the other end. The side end of the soil covering plate 76 is fixed with the end of the fifth connecting rod 71. The soil covering plate 76 is designed as a trapezoidal shape according to the ridge type. Thus, a ridge shape repairing device capable of splitting and combining the stationary knife, avoiding soil breaking, and destroying roots is formed.

[0019] When working, the tractor drives the machine forward through the three-point linkage 1, and the power is input through the power input gearbox 2, and the output shaft of the power input gearbox 2 drives the moving knife transmission shaft 16 to rotate, the moving knife transmission shaft 16 drives the gear reducer 17 and the moving knife shaft 21 to rotate, the moving knife shaft 21 drives the two groups of deformable stubble cleaning moving knives to rotate for stubble cleaning. When the observation camera 48 feeds back the observed stubble information to the moving knife shaft motor controller 20, the moving knife shaft motor battery 19 supplies power to the moving knife shaft motor 18 and the moving knife shaft motor controller 20 through the wires, the moving knife shaft motor controller 20 controls the rotation of the moving knife shaft motor 18, and the power of the moving knife shaft motor 18 is transmitted to the moving knife shaft 21 through the gear transmission 17, and the moving knife shaft 21 drives the two groups of deformable stubble cleaning moving knives to deform. The first stubble cleaning knife disc 24, the second stubble cleaning knife disc 79 and the third stubble cleaning knife disc 80 slide in the moving knife shaft sliding groove 32 through the moving knife disc connecting shaft 23, so that the first stubble cleaning knife disc 24, the second stubble cleaning knife disc 79 and the third stubble cleaning knife disc 80 move up and down along the moving knife shaft sliding groove 32, and drive the first stubble cleaning knife 26, the second stubble cleaning knife 28 and the third stubble cleaning knife 30 to separate and overlap. When overlapping, the shape of the knife edge of the stubble cleaning knife becomes a sawtooth dense shape, which can break the thick stems of crops with high quality. When separating, the shape of the knife edge of the stubble cleaning knife becomes a sawtooth sparse shape, which can break the thin stems of crops with high quality. The observation camera 48 feeds back the observed stubble information to the limit gear motor controller 37, the limit gear motor battery 36 supplies power to the limit gear motor controller 37 and the limit gear motor 38 through the wires, the limit gear motor controller 37 controls the rotation of the limit gear motor 38, the output shaft of the limit gear motor 38 drives the limit gear 34 to rotate, the limit gear 34 drives the limit rack 35 to move up and down in the sliding groove of the limit rack plate 78, and the limit rack 35 drives the limit connecting rod 39 to move up and down. When the stubble cleaning knife is cleaning stubble, the machine realizes the axial limiting of the moving knife disc through the up-down linear motion of the limit connecting rod 39 and the limiting spring 29 between the moving knife discs. The observation camera 48 feeds back the observed stubble information to the fixed knife sliding block motor controller 15, the fixed knife sliding block motor controller 15 controls the rotation of the fixed knife sliding block motor 7, the fixed knife sliding block motor 7 drives the fixed knife sliding block 6 to move up and down on the fixed knife sliding rail 5, so that the stubble cleaning fixed knife and the stubble cleaning moving knife realize synchronous deformation, the shape of the knife edge of the stubble cleaning fixed knife is the same as that of the stubble cleaning moving knife, and the dynamic fixed knife realizes high-quality stubble breaking.When the root is destroyed, the observation camera 48 feeds back information to the root-destroying wheel motor controller 49, the root-destroying wheel motor battery 50 supplies power to the root-destroying wheel motor controller 49 and the root-destroying wheel motor 51 through wires, the root-destroying wheel motor controller 49 controls the rotation of the root-destroying wheel motor 51, the rotation of the root-destroying wheel motor 51 drives the rotation of the root-destroying wheel shaft 56, the root-destroying wheel adopts a wolf fang design, the root-destroying wheel tip 81 is fixed to the root-destroying wheel shaft 56, the root-destroying wheel tip 81 is arranged according to the distribution of the corn root system, the two ends of the root-destroying wheel tip 81 are arranged at a large angle, the middle part is vertically distributed, and the outer surface is designed with a spiral groove to achieve the effect of reducing viscosity and resistance and to break the roots with higher quality, the observation camera 48 feeds back information to the cylindrical cam motor controller 42, the cylindrical cam motor battery 41 supplies power to the cylindrical cam motor 40 and the cylindrical cam motor controller 42 through wires, the cylindrical cam motor controller 42 controls the rotation of the cylindrical cam motor 40, the rotation of the cylindrical cam motor 40 drives the rotation of the cylindrical cam 45, the rotation of the cylindrical cam 45 makes the cylindrical cam connecting shaft 43 move along the sliding groove of the cylindrical cam 45, the cylindrical cam connecting shaft 43 drives the cylindrical cam sliding rod 46 to move up and down in the cylindrical cam rack 44, the cylindrical cam sliding rod 46 drives the root-destroying wheel motor seat 47 to move up and down, and the root-destroying wheel motor seat 47 drives the root-destroying wheel shell 55 to move up and down, the root-destroying wheel shell sliding block 54 moves up and down along the root-destroying wheel shell sliding groove 53, thereby avoiding the soil between the plants, and achieving root breaking under low soil disturbance, after the root destruction is completed, the observation camera 48 feeds back information to the covering motor controller 59, the covering motor battery 58 supplies power to the covering motor controller 59 and the covering motor 57 through wires, the covering motor controller 59 controls the rotation of the covering motor 57, the rotation of the covering motor 57 drives the rotation of the covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65, the rotation of the covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65 drives the rotation of the covering driven spur gear connecting rod 61, the rotation of the covering driving spur gear connecting rod 65 drives the swinging of the second connecting shaft 63, the swinging of the second connecting shaft 63 drives the swinging of the first connecting rod 64 and the rotation of the first connecting rod 64 around the second connecting shaft 63, the swinging of the first connecting rod 64 drives the swinging of the second connecting rod 66 and the third connecting rod 68, respectively, the rotation of the covering driven spur gear connecting rod 61 drives the swinging of the fourth connecting shaft 69, the swinging of the fourth connecting shaft 69 drives the swinging of the fifth connecting rod 71 and the rotation of the fifth connecting rod 71 around the fourth connecting shaft 69, the swinging of the fifth connecting rod 71 drives the swinging of the fourth connecting rod 70 and the sixth connecting rod 73, respectively, and the swinging of the first connecting rod 64 and the fifth connecting rod 71 drives the covering plate 76 to realize the cycle of opening and closing, thereby achieving the ridge repair of the area after the root destruction by the root-destroying wheel.

[0020] It has to be noted that, as used herein, such terms as "including", "contains" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses that comprise a list of elements are not required to comprise only those elements recited, but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatuses.

[0021] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the details of the embodiments described, since numerous modifications and changes can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for repairing ridges with a detachable and commutable movable and fixed blade for cutting stubble, avoiding soil, and severing roots, characterized in that: The device comprises a three-point suspension frame (1), a first shell (3), a stubble cleaning device, a root cleaning device, a covering device, the three-point suspension frame (1) is fixed on the top of the first shell (3), the stubble cleaning device is arranged in the first shell (3), the root cleaning device and the covering device are sequentially arranged from front to back at the rear end of the first shell (3), the stubble cleaning device comprises a power input gearbox (2), the first shell (3), a movable knife transmission shaft (16), a gear reducer (17), a deformable stubble cleaning movable knife device and a deformable stubble cleaning fixed knife device, the power input gearbox (2) is fixed on the top of the first shell (3), the output shaft of the power input gearbox (2) is coaxially fixed with the movable knife transmission shaft (16), the deformable stubble cleaning movable knife device comprises the gear reducer (17), a movable knife shaft motor (18), a first stubble cleaning movable knife (26), a second stubble cleaning movable knife (28), a third stubble cleaning movable knife (30), a limiting gear (34) and a limiting rack (35), the gear reducer (17) is fixed on the bottom of the movable knife transmission shaft (16), the movable knife shaft motor (18), a movable knife shaft motor battery (19) and a movable knife shaft motor controller (20) are all fixed on the side of the gear reducer (17), the movable knife shaft motor battery (19) is connected with the movable knife shaft motor (18) and the movable knife shaft motor controller (20) through wires, the movable knife shaft motor controller (20) is connected with the movable knife shaft motor (18) through wires, the output shaft of the movable knife shaft motor (18) is coaxially fixed with the input shaft of the gear reducer (17), the movable knife shaft (21) is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the gear reducer (17), a first movable knife shaft disc (22) is coaxially fixed on the upper part of the movable knife shaft (21), a limiting rack plate (78) is fixed on the lower side of the first movable knife shaft disc (22), a limiting gear motor battery (36), a limiting gear motor controller (37) and a limiting gear motor (38) are all fixed on the limiting rack plate (78), the limiting gear motor battery (36) is connected with the limiting gear motor controller (37) and the limiting gear motor (38) through wires, the limiting gear motor controller (37) is connected with the limiting gear motor (38) through wires, the limiting gear (34) is fixed with the output shaft of the limiting gear motor (38), the limiting gear (34) is engaged with the limiting rack (35), the limiting rack (35) is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the limiting rack plate (78), one end of a limiting connecting rod (39) is fixed on the bottom of the limiting rack (35), the other end of the limiting connecting rod (39) is fixed on a first stubble cleaning movable knife disc (24), a movable knife disc connecting shaft (23) is fixed on the annular inner side of the first stubble cleaning movable knife disc (24), three groups of up-and-down opposite movable knife shaft sliding grooves (32) are formed on the movable knife shaft (21), the movable knife disc connecting shaft (23) is slidably installed in the movable knife shaft sliding groove (32), four first stubble cleaning movable knife connecting shafts (25) are fixed on the first stubble cleaning movable knife disc (24) at equal angles in the circumferential direction, the first stubble cleaning movable knives (26) are all fixed on the corresponding first stubble cleaning movable knife connecting shafts (25), the blade edges of the first stubble cleaning movable knives (26) are serrated,The saw teeth adopt straight back tooth structure, four second stubble removing moving knives connecting shafts (27) are fixed on the second stubble removing moving knife disc (79) at equal angles in the circumferential direction, the second stubble removing moving knives (28) are all fixed on the corresponding second stubble removing moving knives connecting shafts (27), the blade edges of the second stubble removing moving knives (28) are serrated, the saw teeth adopt isosceles triangle structure, the two ends of the limiting spring (29) are fixed on the first stubble removing moving knife disc (24) and the second stubble removing moving knife disc (79) respectively, four third stubble removing moving knives connecting shafts (31) are fixed on the third stubble removing moving knife disc (80) at equal angles in the circumferential direction, the third stubble removing moving knives (30) are all fixed on the corresponding third stubble removing moving knives connecting shafts (31), the blade edges of the third stubble removing moving knives (30) are serrated, the saw teeth adopt straight back tooth structure, the two ends of the limiting spring (29) are fixed on the second stubble removing moving knife disc (79) and the third stubble removing moving knife disc (80) respectively, the first stubble removing moving knife disc (24), the second stubble removing moving knife disc (79) and the third stubble removing moving knife disc (80) are all slidably installed in the moving knife shaft sliding groove (32), the first stubble removing moving knives (26), the second stubble removing moving knives (28) and the third stubble removing moving knives (30) constitute deformable stubble removing moving knife groups, two groups of deformable stubble removing moving knife groups are arranged axially on the moving knife shaft (21), the second moving knife shaft disc (33) is coaxially fixed on the bottom of the moving knife shaft (21), the limiting rack plate (78) is fixed on the upper end of the second moving knife shaft disc (33), the first stubble removing moving knives (26), the second stubble removing moving knives (28) and the third stubble removing moving knives (30) are separated and overlapped, when overlapped, the blade edges of the stubble removing moving knives become the shape of dense saw teeth, the crops with thick stems are broken with high quality, when separated, the blade edges of the stubble removing moving knives become the shape of sparse saw teeth, the crops with thin stems are broken with high quality, the stubble removing fixed knives and the stubble removing moving knives are deformed synchronously, the fixed knives cooperate with the stubble removing.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformable stubble cleaning cutter device comprises a first cutter seat (4), a cutter sliding block motor (7), a cutter sliding block (6), a cutter sliding rail (5), a first stubble cleaning cutter (9), a second stubble cleaning cutter (10) and a third stubble cleaning cutter (12), the first cutter seat (4) is fixed on the upper part of the side plate of the first shell (3), the second cutter base (77) is fixed on the lower part of the side plate of the first shell (3), one end of the cutter sliding rail (5) is fixed on the lower side of the first cutter seat (4), the other end of the cutter sliding rail (5) is fixed on the upper end of the second cutter base (77), the cutter sliding block (6) is slidably installed on the cutter sliding rail (5), the cutter sliding block motor (7), the cutter sliding block motor battery (14) and the cutter sliding block motor controller (15) are all fixed on the cutter sliding block (6), the cutter sliding block motor battery (14) is connected with the cutter sliding block motor (7) and the cutter sliding block motor controller (15) through wires respectively, the cutter sliding block motor (7) is connected with the cutter sliding block motor controller (15) through wires, the first stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft (8) is fixed on the cutter sliding block (6), the first stubble cleaning cutter (9) is fixed on the first stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft (8), the second stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft (11) is fixed on the cutter sliding block (6), the second stubble cleaning cutter (10) is fixed on the second stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft (11), the third stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft (13) is fixed on the cutter sliding block (6), the third stubble cleaning cutter (12) is fixed on the third stubble cleaning cutter connecting shaft (13), the first stubble cleaning cutter (9), the second stubble cleaning cutter (10) and the third stubble cleaning cutter (12) constitute a deformable stubble cleaning cutter group, the cutter sliding rail (5) is provided with two groups of deformable stubble cleaning cutter groups, and the deformable stubble cleaning cutter and the deformable stubble cleaning cutter in each group are staggered.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a device for cutting stubble and avoiding soil and root breaking and repairing ridge shape, characterized in that: The root-killing device comprises a cylindrical cam connecting shaft (43), a cylindrical cam frame (44), a cylindrical cam (45), a cylindrical cam motor (40), a cylindrical cam sliding rod (46), a root-killing wheel shaft (56), a root-killing wheel tip (81), a root-killing wheel motor (51) and a second housing (52), the cylindrical cam frame (44) is fixed on the first housing (3), the cylindrical cam motor (40), the cylindrical cam motor storage battery (41) and the cylindrical cam motor controller (42) are all fixed on the cylindrical cam frame (44), the cylindrical cam motor storage battery (41) is connected with the cylindrical cam motor (40) and the cylindrical cam motor controller (42) through wires respectively, the cylindrical cam motor controller (42) is connected with the cylindrical cam motor (40) through wires, the cylindrical cam (45) is rotatably installed in the cylindrical cam frame (44), the output shaft of the cylindrical cam motor (40) is coaxially fixed with the cylindrical cam (45), the cylindrical cam connecting shaft (43) is slidably installed in the sliding groove of the cylindrical cam (45), the cylindrical cam connecting shaft (43) is fixed with the cylindrical cam sliding rod (46), the cylindrical cam sliding rod (46) is slidably installed on the cylindrical cam frame (44), the cylindrical cam sliding rod (46) is fixed with the root-killing wheel motor base (47), the root-killing wheel motor (51), the root-killing wheel motor storage battery (50), the root-killing wheel motor controller (49) and the observation camera (48) are all fixed on the root-killing wheel motor base (47), the root-killing wheel motor storage battery (50) is connected with the root-killing wheel motor (51), the root-killing wheel motor controller (49) and the observation camera (48) through wires respectively, the root-killing wheel motor (51) is connected with the root-killing wheel motor controller (49) through wires, the output shaft of the root-killing wheel motor (51) is coaxially fixed with the root-killing wheel shaft (56), the root-killing wheel adopts the design of imitating wolf's fang, the root-killing wheel tip (81) is fixed with the root-killing wheel shaft (56), the root-killing wheel tip (81) is arranged according to the distribution of the corn root system, the two ends of the root-killing wheel tip (81) are arranged at a large angle, the middle part is vertically distributed, the outer surface is provided with a spiral groove to realize the effect of reducing viscosity and resistance, the root-killing wheel motor base (47) is fixed on the same side of the root-killing wheel housing (55), the second housing (52) is provided with two root-killing wheel housing sliding grooves (53) on the back side, the root-killing wheel housing sliding blocks (54) are fixed on the two ends of the root-killing wheel housing (55), and the root-killing wheel housing sliding blocks (54) are slidably installed in the root-killing wheel housing sliding grooves (53).

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a device for cutting stubble and avoiding soil and root breaking and repairing ridge shape, characterized in that: The device comprises a covering device motor (57), a first connecting shaft (60), a covering device motor base (62), a covering device driving spur gear connecting rod (65), a covering device driven spur gear connecting rod (61), and a covering device plate (76). The covering device motor base (62) is fixed on the root-removing wheel housing (55). The covering device motor (57), the covering device motor battery (58), and the covering device motor controller (59) are all fixed on the covering device motor base (62). The covering device motor battery (58) is connected with the covering device motor controller (59) and the covering device motor (57) through wires. The covering device motor (57) is connected with the covering device motor controller (59) through a wire. The output shaft of the covering device motor (57) is fixed with the covering device driving spur gear connecting rod (65). The spur gear of the covering device driving spur gear connecting rod (65) is engaged with the spur gear of the covering device driven spur gear connecting rod (61). The covering device driving spur gear connecting rod (65) is fixed with a second connecting shaft (63) at one end. The second connecting shaft (63) is hinged with a first connecting rod (64). A third connecting shaft (67) is fixed on the first connecting rod (64). A second connecting rod (66) is hinged with the third connecting shaft (67) at one end. A third connecting rod (68) is hinged with the third connecting shaft (67) at one end. A sixth connecting shaft (74) is fixed on the covering device motor base (62). The second connecting rod (66) is hinged with the sixth connecting shaft (74) at the other end. The third connecting rod (68) is hinged with the sixth connecting shaft (74) at the other end. The covering device plate (76) is fixed with the end of the first connecting rod (64). The first connecting shaft (60) is fixed on the covering device motor base (62). The covering device driven spur gear connecting rod (61) is rotatably installed on the first connecting shaft (60). A fourth connecting shaft (69) is fixed with the covering device driven spur gear connecting rod (61). A fifth connecting rod (71) rotates around the fourth connecting shaft (69). A fifth connecting shaft (72) is fixed with the fifth connecting rod (71). A fourth connecting rod (70) is hinged with the fifth connecting shaft (72) at one end. A sixth connecting rod (73) is hinged with the lower end of the fifth connecting shaft (72) at one end. A seventh connecting shaft (75) is fixed on the covering device motor base (62). The fourth connecting rod (70) is hinged with the seventh connecting shaft (75) at the other end. The sixth connecting rod (73) is hinged with the seventh connecting shaft (75) at the other end. The side end of the covering device plate (76) is fixed with the end of the fifth connecting rod (71). The covering device plate (76) is designed in a trapezoidal shape according to the ridge type. Thus, a ridge repairing device capable of splitting and combining the fixed knife, avoiding soil cutting, and root breaking is formed.

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