Method for supplementing light for crops under fixed photovoltaic support plate

Abstract

The invention provides a method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support plate, and the method comprises the following steps: arranging a crop planting region below a photovoltaic support, and arranging a corresponding monitoring assembly on the crop planting region; the photovoltaic support comprises a photovoltaic panel and a stand column arranged below the photovoltaic panel, light reflecting assemblies are arranged on the side face, facing the crop planting area, of the photovoltaic panel and the outer surface of the stand column respectively, and sunlight is reflected to the crop planting area below the photovoltaic support through the light reflecting assemblies. Collecting illumination intensity data and spectral component data of a crop planting area by using a monitoring assembly, and obtaining a light supplementing demand of the crop planting area in combination with a crop growth cycle and corresponding growth stage data; the difference information between the position data preset according to the light supplementing requirement and the position data of the actual reflection point is used for adjusting the coverage range of the reflection assembly; the light reflecting assembly is adjusted by combining the steps with the actual light supplementing requirement, and light supplementing is conducted on crops under the photovoltaic support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support plate. Background Art

[0002] Fixed photovoltaic support systems are widely used in the field of agricultural photovoltaics due to their simple structure and low cost. By installing photovoltaic support panels above crops, the dual benefits of agricultural production and photovoltaic power generation can be achieved. Light is one of the raw materials for plants to carry out photosynthesis. In the open air, crops can fully absorb the natural light required for growth and development. However, the fixed photovoltaic support adopts a north-south fixed axis installation mode. The obstruction of the photovoltaic support panel will form a fixed shadow area. There is a problem of blocking sunlight when planting crops under the panel, resulting in insufficient light for plants and poor growth and development, which restricts the economic benefits of agricultural production. Therefore, it is necessary to provide sufficient supplementary light for crops under the photovoltaic support panel. At present, the common methods for supplementing the lighting of crops under fixed photovoltaic brackets include using supplementary lights or other artificial light sources, but the photovoltaic agricultural sites often reach thousands of acres, and the site scale is large. The commonly used light source supplementary lighting means need to consume a lot of electricity, which does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection; using photovoltaic panels to supplement light, transmitting part of the sunlight to the crops, but the cost of high-quality translucent materials is high, and the translucent materials may affect the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels; using natural light reflection to supplement light, reflecting natural light to crops through reflective materials, without additional energy consumption, environmental protection and energy saving, low cost, but the light intensity is greatly affected by the weather, the reflective materials need to be cleaned and maintained regularly, and the light range is limited, and needs to be adjusted according to the growth of crops. Chinese patent CN114123964B A double-sided photovoltaic supplementary lighting system, method and storage medium, the method includes: calculating and obtaining the target inclination angle corresponding to the reflective component at the current moment; controlling the flipping of the reflective component until the angle between the non-reflective surface of the reflective component and the horizontal plane is equal to the target inclination angle, so that the reflective component reflects the received sunlight to the double-sided photovoltaic components adjacent to the east-west direction. The present invention improves the utilization rate of sunlight and further improves the power generation efficiency of the system. This patent adds a reflective component in the front and rear gaps of the double-sided photovoltaic components of the traditional target tilt flat single-axis bracket to supplement the light on the back side of the double-sided photovoltaic components. However, the reflective component is flipped to adjust the light, which requires high precision in the flip angle control, increasing the complexity and cost of the overall structure. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for supplementing lighting for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel, so as to solve the problem of insufficient light for crops under the fixed photovoltaic support panel.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel, the method comprising the following steps: S1. A crop planting area is provided below the photovoltaic support, and a corresponding monitoring component is provided on the crop planting area; S2. The photovoltaic support includes a photovoltaic panel and a column arranged below the photovoltaic panel. Reflective components are respectively arranged on the side of the photovoltaic panel facing the crop planting area and on the outer surface of the column, so that sunlight is reflected to the crop planting area below the photovoltaic support through the reflective components; S3. Using monitoring components to collect light intensity data and spectral component data of the crop planting area, and combining the crop growth cycle and corresponding growth stage data to obtain the supplementary lighting demand of the crop planting area; S4, using the difference information between the preset position data and the position data of the actual reflection point according to the fill light requirement to adjust the coverage of the reflective component; The above steps are used to supplement light for crops under the photovoltaic support.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring component includes a light sensor for acquiring light intensity data and a spectral sensor for acquiring spectral component data; the monitoring component is also connected to a meteorological data interface for acquiring weather information.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, multiple reflective components on the photovoltaic panel are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence, and the reflective film covers the back of the photovoltaic panel; multiple reflective components on the column are arranged vertically, and the reflective film is wrapped around the outside of the column; the reflective component includes an adjustable reflective film, and a control component provided at one end of the reflective film is used to control the winding or unfolding of the reflective film. In the preferred embodiment, the control component includes a reel and a motor for driving the reel to rotate. A protective shell is provided on the outside of the reel, and the reflective film is located between the reel and the protective shell. One end of the reflective film is connected to the reel, and the other end is connected to a lower rail. The motor controls the rotation of the reel to drive the winding or unfolding of the reflective film and adjust the coverage of the reflective film.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the motor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls the start or stop of the motor according to the received control information.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, step S3 comprises the following steps: S31. Using the light sensor for real-time monitoring, obtain the current light intensity data of the crop planting area; obtain the weather information and time period information corresponding to the crop planting area through the meteorological data interface; S32. Combining the current light intensity data and weather information, determining the actual light intensity data of the crop planting area in the current time period; S33. Using spectral sensors for real-time monitoring, obtain the current spectral component data of the crop planting area; combining the current time period information and crop growth cycle data to obtain the current growth stage data of the crop; S34. According to the current growth stage data of the crop, the target light intensity data and the target spectral component data are extracted from the spectral component demand data and the light component demand data of the crop at each growth stage; S35. By comparing the actual light intensity data with the target light intensity data, and the current spectral component data with the target spectral component data, the supplementary lighting demand of the crop planting area is calculated.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the spectral component data includes the proportion of the red light band and the proportion of the blue-violet light band.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, step S4 comprises the following steps: S41 obtains the photovoltaic panel arrangement data and the column height data, and combines the solar altitude angle sensor to monitor the current solar altitude angle data and the current time period information; S42. Establish a light path tracing model to obtain the position data of the theoretical reflection point of sunlight on the photovoltaic panel and the column and the incident direction data of the light in the current time period; S43. By arranging multiple photoelectric sensors on the photovoltaic panels and columns, collecting light intensity data at the theoretical reflection point, determining the actual position data of the actual reflection point; S44. According to the difference information between the position data preset for the fill light requirement and the position data of the actual reflection point, combined with the light incident direction data of all theoretical reflection points, control information that meets the fill light requirement is obtained.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, in step S4, the obtained control information is transmitted in real time to the controller of the reflective assembly to control the rolling or unfolding state of the reflective film so that the coverage of the reflective film meets the supplementary lighting requirements of the corresponding crop planting area.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the reflective film is a thin film material with high reflectivity, and the surface of the reflective film is coated with a hydrophobic or self-cleaning coating.

[0013] The present invention provides a method for supplementary lighting of crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel, the method comprising the following steps: a crop planting area is provided under the photovoltaic support, and a corresponding monitoring component is provided on the crop planting area; the photovoltaic support comprises a photovoltaic panel and a column provided under the photovoltaic panel, and a reflective component is provided on the side of the photovoltaic panel facing the crop planting area and the outer surface of the column, respectively, and sunlight is reflected to the crop planting area under the photovoltaic support through the reflective component; the monitoring component is used to collect the light intensity data and spectral component data of the crop planting area, and the supplementary lighting demand of the crop planting area is obtained by combining the crop growth cycle and the corresponding growth stage data; the difference information between the position data preset according to the supplementary lighting demand and the position data of the actual reflection point is used to adjust the coverage of the reflective component; the above steps are used to supplement the lighting of the crops under the photovoltaic support. The method controls the retracted or retracted state of the reflective component in combination with the actual supplementary lighting demand of the current crops, thereby controlling the coverage of the reflective component, and further controlling the intensity of the reflected light to avoid excessive supplementary lighting or insufficient supplementary lighting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 is a flow chart of the light filling method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of crop lighting supplement under the photovoltaic support of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view of the crop lighting supplement under the photovoltaic support of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a reflective component on a photovoltaic panel of the present invention; Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a reflective assembly of the present invention; In the figure: photovoltaic bracket 1; photovoltaic panel 2; column 3; reflective component 4; reflective film 5; control component 6; motor 7; reel 8; protective shell 9; lower rail 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Embodiment 1: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a method for supplementary lighting of crops under a fixed photovoltaic bracket panel comprises the following steps: S1, multiple photovoltaic brackets 1 are arranged side by side, multiple rows of photovoltaic brackets 1 are arranged front and back, a crop planting area is provided under the photovoltaic bracket 1, the crop planting area is divided into multiple sub-areas, and each sub-area is provided with a corresponding monitoring component.

[0016] S2, the photovoltaic support 1 includes a photovoltaic panel 2 and a column 3 arranged below the photovoltaic panel 2, each photovoltaic panel 2 is oriented in the same direction, and the column 3 is vertically arranged on the ground; reflective components 4 are respectively arranged on the side of the photovoltaic panel 2 facing the crop planting area and the outer surface of the column 3, and the sunlight is reflected to the crop planting area below the photovoltaic support 1 through the reflective component 4. After the sunlight is irradiated on the ground, it is reflected to the reflective component 4 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 2 or the outer surface of the column 3, and the reflected light is reflected again to the crops through the reflective component 4, so as to realize the reuse of sunlight. Preferably, a reflective component 4 is also arranged on the ground in the crop planting area.

[0017] S3. Use monitoring components to collect light intensity data and spectral component data in crop planting areas, collect the corresponding crop growth cycle and its corresponding growth stage data in the crop planting areas, including the spectral component data and light intensity data required in each growth stage, and obtain the supplementary lighting needs of the crop planting areas.

[0018] S4, obtain the theoretical reflection points on the photovoltaic panel 2 and the column 3, monitor the position data of the actual reflection points in real time, and use the difference information between the preset position data and the actual position data of the reflection points according to the fill light demand to adjust the coverage of the reflective component 4. When fill light is needed, control the reflective component 4 to unfold so that it covers the back of the photovoltaic panel 2 and the surface of the column 3; when fill light is not needed or the light demand is sufficient, control the reflective component 4 to be fully rolled up or partially rolled up, so as to control and adjust the coverage of the reflective component 4. Through the above steps, this method is used to fill light for crops under the photovoltaic support 1, and controls the coverage of the reflective component 4 in combination with the actual fill light demand of the current crops, thereby controlling the intensity of the reflected light to avoid excessive fill light or insufficient fill light.

[0019] In the preferred solution, the monitoring component includes a light sensor for obtaining light intensity data and a spectral sensor for obtaining spectral component data; the monitoring component is also connected to a meteorological data interface for obtaining weather information. With this structure, the monitoring component is arranged in each sub-area of ​​the crop planting area for real-time monitoring, and the monitoring component is refreshed once every minute to obtain real-time light intensity data and spectral component data, and obtains real-time weather information refreshed every hour through the communication network.

[0020] In the preferred embodiment, Figures 2~5As shown, multiple reflective components 4 on the photovoltaic panel 2 are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence, and the reflective film 5 covers the back of the photovoltaic panel 2; multiple reflective components 4 on the column 3 are arranged vertically, and the reflective film 5 is wrapped around the outside of the column 3; the reflective component 4 includes an adjustable reflective film 5, and a control component 6 is provided at one end of the reflective film 5 to control the winding or unfolding of the reflective film 5. With this structure, the winding or unfolding of the reflective film 5 is adjusted by the control component 6, thereby controlling the reflective coverage of the reflective film 5. The reflective component 4 is installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel 2, and can also be protected from sunlight and rain, which helps to prolong its service life. The reflective component 4 is composed of various modular components. If damage occurs, only some components need to be replaced, so that the workload of later maintenance is small.

[0021] In the preferred embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the control assembly 6 includes a reel 8 and a motor 7 for driving the reel 8 to rotate. A protective shell 9 is provided on the outer side of the reel 8, and the reflective film 5 is located between the reel 8 and the protective shell 9. One end of the reflective film 5 is connected to the reel 8, and the other end is connected to a lower rail 10. The motor 7 controls the reel 8 to rotate, which is used to drive the reeling or unrolling of the reflective film 5 and adjust the coverage of the reflective film 5. With this structure, when the motor 7 is started, the reel 8 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the reflective film 5 sleeved on the reel 8 to reel or unroll. The two ends of the reflective film 5 are detachably connected to the reel 8 and the lower rail 10, respectively, to guide and control the reeling or unrolling state of the reflective film 5. The reflective film can also be regularly disassembled and replaced to ensure the reflective effect of the reflective film.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, by electrically connecting the motor 7 and the controller, the controller controls the start or stop of the motor 7 according to the received control information.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, Figures 2~5 As shown, the reflective film 5 is a thin film material with high reflectivity, and the surface of the reflective film 5 is coated with a hydrophobic or self-cleaning coating. According to this structure, preferably, the reflective film 5 is a silver reflective film, which has good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.

[0024] Embodiment 2: Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in the preferred embodiment, step S3 includes the following steps: S31. Use the light sensor deployed in the current sub-region for real-time monitoring to obtain the current light intensity data of the corresponding crop planting area; obtain the weather information and time period information corresponding to the crop planting area through the meteorological data interface; S32. Combining the current light intensity data and weather information, determining the actual light intensity data of the crop planting area in the current time period; S33. Using spectral sensors for real-time monitoring, obtain the current spectral component data of the crop planting area, calculate the proportion of the red light band and the blue-violet light band and their proportion difference based on the current spectral component data, and combine the current time period information and crop growth cycle data to obtain the current growth stage data of the crop; S34. According to the current growth stage data of the crops, the target light intensity data and the target spectral component data are extracted from the spectral component requirement data and the light component requirement data of each growth stage of the crops, that is, the target light intensity value, the target red light band proportion and the target blue-violet light band proportion required by the crops at the current growth stage; S35. By comparing the actual light intensity data with the target light intensity data, and the current spectral component data with the target spectral component data, and calculating the difference, the light intensity value, the red light band proportion, and the blue-violet light band proportion required for the current crops are obtained, that is, the supplementary lighting demand of the current crop planting area is obtained.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the spectral component data includes the proportion of the red light band and the proportion of the blue-violet light band.

[0026] Embodiment 3: Further illustrate with reference to Example 1, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in the preferred embodiment, step S4 includes the following steps: S41 obtains the arrangement data of the photovoltaic panel 2 and the height data of the column 3, and combines the solar altitude angle sensor to monitor the current solar altitude angle data and the current time period information; S42. Using the principles of geometric optics to establish a light path tracing model, based on the current solar altitude angle data, the arrangement data of the photovoltaic panel 2, the height data of the column 3 and the time period information, the light path calculation simulation is performed to obtain the theoretical reflection points of sunlight on the photovoltaic panel 2 and the column 3 in the current time period, as well as their position data and light incident direction data; S43. By arranging a plurality of photoelectric sensors on the photovoltaic panel 2 and the column 3, light intensity data of each theoretical reflection point is collected to determine whether the actual reflected light is detected, and to obtain all actual reflected light and specific actual position data of the actual reflection point; S44. According to the difference information between the position data preset for the fill light requirement and the position data of the actual reflection point, combined with the light incident direction data of all theoretical reflection points, control information that meets the fill light requirement is obtained.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, in step S4, the obtained control information is transmitted in real time to the controller of the reflective assembly 4 to control the rolling or unfolding state of the reflective film 5 so that the coverage of the reflective film 5 meets the supplementary lighting requirements of the corresponding crop planting area.

[0028] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1. A crop planting area is provided below the photovoltaic support (1), and a corresponding monitoring component is provided on the crop planting area; S2, a photovoltaic support (1) comprising a photovoltaic panel (2) and a column (3) arranged below the photovoltaic panel (2), wherein a reflective component (4) is provided on the side of the photovoltaic panel (2) facing the crop planting area and on the outer surface of the column (3), respectively, and sunlight is reflected to the crop planting area below the photovoltaic support (1) through the reflective component (4); S3. Using monitoring components to collect light intensity data and spectral component data of the crop planting area, and combining the crop growth cycle and corresponding growth stage data to obtain the supplementary lighting demand of the crop planting area; S4, using the difference information between the preset position data and the actual position data of the reflection point according to the fill light requirement to adjust the coverage of the reflective component (4); The above steps are used to provide supplementary lighting for crops under the photovoltaic support (1).

2. According to claim 1, a method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel is characterized by: The monitoring component includes a light sensor for obtaining light intensity data and a spectral sensor for obtaining spectral component data; the monitoring component is also connected to a meteorological data interface for obtaining weather information.

3. According to claim 1, a method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel is characterized by: A plurality of reflective components (4) on the photovoltaic panel (2) are arranged adjacent to each other in sequence, and a reflective film (5) covers the back of the photovoltaic panel (2); a plurality of reflective components (4) on the column (3) are arranged vertically, and the reflective film (5) is wrapped around the outer side of the column (3); the reflective component (4) comprises an adjustable reflective film (5), and a control component (6) provided at one end of the reflective film (5) is used to control the reeling or unfolding of the reflective film (5).

4. According to claim 3, a method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel is characterized by: The control component (6) comprises a reel (8) and a motor (7) for driving the reel (8) to rotate; a protective shell (9) is provided on the outer side of the reel (8); and the reflective film (5) is located between the reel (8) and the protective shell (9); one end of the reflective film (5) is connected to the reel (8), and the other end is connected to a lower rail (10); the reel (8) is controlled to rotate by the motor (7) to drive the reeling or unreeling of the reflective film (5) and adjust the coverage of the reflective film (5).

5. According to claim 4, a method for supplementary lighting of crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel is characterized by: By electrically connecting the motor (7) and the controller, the controller controls the motor (7) to start or stop running according to received control information.

6. A method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: S31. Using the light sensor for real-time monitoring, obtain the current light intensity data of the crop planting area; obtain the weather information and time period information corresponding to the crop planting area through the meteorological data interface; S32. Combining the current light intensity data and weather information, determining the actual light intensity data of the crop planting area in the current time period; S33. Using spectral sensors for real-time monitoring, obtain the current spectral component data of the crop planting area; combining the current time period information and crop growth cycle data to obtain the current growth stage data of the crop; S34. According to the current growth stage data of the crop, the target light intensity data and the target spectral component data are extracted from the spectral component demand data and the light component demand data of the crop at each growth stage; S35. By comparing the actual light intensity data with the target light intensity data, and the current spectral component data with the target spectral component data, the supplementary lighting demand of the crop planting area is calculated.

7. A method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the spectral component data includes the proportion of the red light band and the proportion of the blue-violet light band.

8. A method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: S41 obtains the arrangement data of the photovoltaic panel (2) and the height data of the column (3), and combines the solar altitude angle sensor to monitor the current solar altitude angle data and the current time period information; S42. Establishing a light path tracing model to obtain the position data of the theoretical reflection point of sunlight on the photovoltaic panel (2) and the column (3) and the incident direction data of the light in the current time period; S43. By arranging a plurality of photoelectric sensors on the photovoltaic panel (2) and the column (3), light intensity data of the theoretical reflection point is collected to determine the actual position data of the actual reflection point; S44. According to the difference information between the position data preset for the fill light requirement and the position data of the actual reflection point, combined with the light incident direction data of all theoretical reflection points, control information that meets the fill light requirement is obtained.

9. A method for supplementing light to crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the acquired control information is transmitted in real time to the controller of the reflective assembly (4) to control the rolling or unfolding state of the reflective film (5), so that the coverage of the reflective film (5) meets the supplementary lighting requirements of the corresponding crop planting area.

10. A method for supplementing light for crops under a fixed photovoltaic support panel according to claim 3 or 9, characterized in that: The reflective film (5) is a thin film material with high reflectivity, and the surface of the reflective film (5) is coated with a hydrophobic or self-cleaning coating.

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