Method for interplanting mulberries and flowering cabbages or cabbage mustard

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for interplanting mulberries and flowering cabbages or cabbage mustard in the technical field of planting, which comprises the following steps: according to the growth characteristics of mulberries and the growth requirements of flowering cabbages or cabbage mustard, drawing up a planting mode; after the mulberry trees are cut in winter, land preparation is conducted; a proper amount of fertilizer is applied per mu according to the soil fertility and the growth requirements of the brassica alboglabra or cabbage mustard; planting specifications are planned according to the planting mode and the growth habits of the brassica alboglabra or cabbage mustard; selecting proper sowing time according to the characteristics of the cabbage or cabbage mustard variety and local climate conditions, and sowing; during the flowering cabbage or cabbage mustard growth period, topdressing is carried out according to the growth condition and the soil fertility condition; harvesting, storing and transporting the brassica alboglabra or cabbage mustard; after the brassica alboglabra or brassica alboglabra is harvested in spring, the brassica alboglabra residual branches are turned over and pressed into the field to serve as green manure. According to the scheme, the idle period of the mulberry field after winter felling is combined with the growth period of the brassica oleracea or cabbage mustard, and dual efficient utilization of land resources and soil nutrients is achieved through interplanting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of planting technology, and in particular relates to a method for interplanting mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or kale. Background Art

[0002] In the development of modern agriculture, improving land utilization, optimizing crop planting structure, and promoting sustainable agricultural development have become important issues. As an important export leafy vegetable, Chinese cabbage or kale occupies an important position in the annual supply of vegetables due to its wide planting area, large market demand, and high nutritional value. However, the growth characteristics of Chinese cabbage or kale, which prefer coolness and are not resistant to humidity and heat, determine that it has certain requirements for the growth environment, making its most suitable growing season concentrated in autumn and winter. This feature coincides with the winter felling and fallow period of the mulberry garden, providing a natural time window for the intercropping of mulberry trees and Chinese cabbage or kale.

[0003] As a traditional cash crop, mulberry trees are mainly used for their leaves and have high economic value. Winter felling is an important part of mulberry garden management. Reasonable winter felling can optimize the growth environment of mulberry trees and improve the yield and quality of mulberry leaves. However, mulberry fields are often idle after winter felling. As a long-standing cash crop planting area, the soil in mulberry gardens has accumulated relatively rich N elements after long-term management and fertilization, especially the frequent application of nitrogen fertilizers. However, these rich N elements have not been fully utilized and converted under the traditional mulberry garden management model. Not only does it waste precious nutrient resources, it may also cause environmental problems such as soil nitrogen loss and groundwater pollution.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method of interplanting mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or kale, which can make full use of the rich N elements in the mulberry garden soil and achieve dual income from mulberry and vegetables. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for intercropping mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or kale, which can make full use of the fallow period of mulberry fields and the abundant nitrogen in the mulberry fields, while avoiding the waste of nutrient resources in the mulberry fields, promoting the growth and development of Chinese cabbage or kale, improving the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage or kale, thereby increasing the total output value of the mulberry field.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for interplanting mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale comprises the following steps:

[0008] Plan a planting pattern based on the growth characteristics of mulberry trees and the growth requirements of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0009] After the winter felling of mulberry trees, land preparation is carried out;

[0010] Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer per acre according to soil fertility and the growth requirements of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0011] Plan the planting specifications according to the planting pattern and the growth habits of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0012] According to the characteristics of the Chinese cabbage or kale variety and local climatic conditions, choose the appropriate sowing time and sow;

[0013] During the growth period of Chinese cabbage or kale, topdressing should be carried out according to the growth situation and soil fertility;

[0014] Harvesting, storage and transportation of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0015] After harvesting Chinese cabbage or kale in spring, the remaining branches of Chinese cabbage or kale should be plowed and pressed into the fields as green manure.

[0016] Furthermore, the planting patterns include Pattern I, Pattern II, and Pattern III; Pattern I is single-row planting in old mulberry gardens with a row spacing of 65cm to 80cmm; Pattern II uses wide and narrow rows to plant mulberry trees, with wide row spacing of 90cm to 120cm; Pattern III: the row spacing of the new standard mulberry garden is 100cm to 120cm.

[0017] Furthermore, in mode I, 4 to 6 rows of early and medium-maturing Chinese cabbage and 3 to 4 rows of late-maturing Chinese cabbage can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees; in mode II, 8 to 10 rows of early and medium-maturing Chinese cabbage and 4 to 6 rows of late-maturing Chinese cabbage can be planted between two wide rows of mulberry trees, and no or only one row should be planted between two narrow rows of mulberry trees. In mode III: 8 to 10 rows of early and medium-maturing Chinese cabbage and 4 to 6 rows of late-maturing Chinese cabbage can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees.

[0018] Furthermore, in mode I, 2 to 3 rows of Chinese kale can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees; in mode II, 3 to 4 rows of Chinese kale can be planted between two wide rows of mulberry trees, and no or only one row should be planted between two narrow rows of mulberry trees. In mode III: 3 to 4 rows of Chinese kale are planted between two rows of mulberry trees.

[0019] Furthermore, an appropriate amount of fertilizer is applied per mu, including 40 kg of three-element compound fertilizer with a total nutrient content of 54%, 50 kg of rapeseed-specific fertilizer applied once, and 50 kg of winter rapeseed-specific slow-release fertilizer applied once as a base.

[0020] Furthermore, the sowing time is from September to October for early and medium-maturing varieties, and from November to January of the following year for late-maturing varieties.

[0021] Furthermore, the sowing methods include direct seeding and seedling transplanting. Direct seeding adopts spot sowing or row sowing, with reasonable density. Seedling transplanting: keep 2 to 3 plants in each hole, transplant the seedlings when they have 5 to 6 leaves, and the seedlings should not exceed 30 days old.

[0022] Furthermore, 3 days after harvesting the Chinese cabbage or kale stalks, apply 5 kg of urea per mu in time.

[0023] Furthermore, when storing and transporting Chinese cabbage or kale, they are pre-cooled in a cold storage for 30 minutes before being shipped out for sale.

[0024] Furthermore, when raising seedlings and transplanting them, rooting powder or biological agents are used to treat the roots of the seedlings.

[0025] Furthermore, while applying urea as topdressing, 2-3 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is also applied per mu.

[0026] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This plan, through a reasonable interplanting model (even row planting and wide and narrow row planting), effectively utilizes the 4-5 months of idle land in the mulberry garden after winter felling, significantly improves the utilization rate of land resources and avoids the waste of land resources. It not only improves the utilization rate of land resources, but also increases the economic benefits per unit area.

[0028] 2. This plan effectively utilizes the abundant nitrogen in the mulberry garden soil by intercropping Chinese cabbage or kale, reduces the input of additional nitrogen fertilizer, saves costs, and improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, achieving a win-win situation for ecology and economy; in addition, the root activity of Chinese cabbage or kale also helps to improve soil structure and increase soil organic matter content.

[0029] 3. This plan maximizes the use of land resources by utilizing the overlap between the fallow period after winter felling in the mulberry garden and the planting period of Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale. This precise time matching not only solves the problem of idle land in the mulberry garden, but also cleverly avoids the overlap of the growth period of mulberry leaves and Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale in spring by intercropping Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale, thus eliminating the contradiction between crops competing for water, fertilizer, and light, and ensuring that both crops can grow healthily under the most suitable growth conditions.

[0030] 4. This plan uses Chinese cabbage or kale residues as green manure and turns them into the soil to increase the soil organic matter content, improve soil fertility, and provide nutrient support for the subsequent growth of mulberry trees.

[0031] In summary, this solution innovatively combines the idle period after winter felling of mulberry gardens with the growth cycle of Chinese cabbage or kale, achieving efficient dual utilization of land resources and soil nutrients. This not only solves the problem of idle land in mulberry gardens, but also makes full use of the rich N elements in the soil of mulberry gardens, reduces fertilizer input, and reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for interplanting mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0034] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown:

[0035] A method for interplanting mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale comprises the following steps:

[0036] Plan a planting pattern based on the growth characteristics of mulberry trees and the growth requirements of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0037] Specifically, mulberry gardens are mainly divided into two types according to different planting specifications: old mulberry gardens and new standard mulberry gardens. Old mulberry gardens usually refer to mulberry gardens with a long planting period, relatively extensive management, and different planting specifications; new standard mulberry gardens are mulberry gardens planned and managed according to modern mulberry garden construction standards. Planting modes include: Mode I, Mode II, and Mode III; the row spacing between every two rows of mulberry trees in the new standard mulberry garden is set to 100-120cm. This mode is suitable for scenarios with high land utilization and the hope that the nutrients of Chinese cabbage or kale and mulberry trees can be evenly distributed during the growth process.

[0038] Mulberry trees are planted in wide and narrow rows, with the row spacing of wide rows set to 140-160cm, and the narrow rows adjusted appropriately according to the growth needs of mulberry trees. This mode can provide more space for the growth of Chinese cabbage or kale, especially between wide rows, which is conducive to light and ventilation.

[0039] After the winter felling of mulberry trees, land preparation is carried out;

[0040] Specifically, after the mulberry trees are cut down in winter, that is, when the mulberry trees enter a dormant period, land preparation is carried out. Weeds, dead branches and fallen leaves are removed, and no-till or shallow tillage is performed to loosen the soil, which is conducive to the root growth of Chinese cabbage or kale.

[0041] Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer per acre according to soil fertility and the growth requirements of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0042] Specifically, during the tillage process, 40kg of three-element compound fertilizer with a total nutrient content of 54% or 40kg of three-element compound fertilizer with a total nutrient content of 54% is applied per mu to provide comprehensive nutritional support. Or 50kg of rapeseed fertilizer is applied once to supplement nutrition according to the growth characteristics of Chinese cabbage or kale. Or 50kg of winter rapeseed slow-release fertilizer is applied once to ensure that the fertilizer is continuously released during the growth of Chinese cabbage or kale to meet their long-term needs.

[0043] Plan the planting specifications according to the planting pattern and the growth habits of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0044] Specifically, in mode I, 4 to 6 rows of early and medium-maturing Chinese cabbage and 3 to 4 rows of late-maturing Chinese cabbage can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees; in mode II, 8 to 10 rows of early and medium-maturing Chinese cabbage and 4 to 6 rows of late-maturing Chinese cabbage can be planted between two wide rows of mulberry trees, and no or only one row should be planted between two narrow rows of mulberry trees. In mode III: 8 to 10 rows of early and medium-maturing Chinese cabbage and 4 to 6 rows of late-maturing Chinese cabbage are planted between two rows of mulberry trees.

[0045] In mode I, 2-3 rows of kale can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees; in mode II, 3-4 rows of kale can be planted between two wide rows of mulberry trees, and no or 1 row should be planted between two narrow rows of mulberry trees. In mode III: 3-4 rows of kale can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees. Ensure that there is enough space between the kale plants to avoid overcrowding.

[0046] According to the characteristics of the Chinese cabbage or kale variety and local climatic conditions, choose the appropriate sowing time and sow;

[0047] Specifically, early and mid-maturing varieties are generally sown in September and October, while late-maturing varieties are sown from November to January of the following year. The sowing method can be direct seeding or seedling transplanting: The sowing method can be direct seeding or seedling transplanting:

[0048] Direct seeding:

[0049] Use spot sowing or row sowing, and plant at a reasonable density to ensure that each plant has enough growing space.

[0050] Seedling transplanting: Seedlings are raised on the seedbed, and 2-3 seedlings are kept in each hole. When the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves, they are transplanted. The seedlings should not be more than 30 days old. Before transplanting, rooting powder or biological agents can be used to treat the roots of the seedlings to promote root development.

[0051] During the growth period of Chinese cabbage or kale, topdressing should be carried out according to the growth situation and soil fertility;

[0052] Specifically, during the growth period of Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale, topdressing is carried out according to the growth conditions and soil fertility. Three days after the harvest of Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale, 5 kg of urea per mu is applied in time, and 2-3 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu is added to supplement nutrients and promote subsequent growth.

[0053] Harvesting, storage and transportation of Chinese cabbage or kale;

[0054] Specifically, when the Chinese cabbage or kale reaches the harvesting standard, it should be harvested in time. After harvesting, it should be pre-cooled in a cold storage for 30 minutes to lower the temperature and extend the shelf life.

[0055] After the spring harvest, the remaining branches of Chinese cabbage or kale are plowed and pressed into the fields as green manure.

[0056] Specifically, after the spring harvest, the Chinese cabbage or kale branches are plowed and pressed into the field as green manure. After these branches are decomposed in the soil, they can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve soil fertility, and provide nutrient support for the subsequent growth of mulberry trees.

[0057] In summary, the interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale of the present invention, compared with the traditional planting method of Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale (mainly planted in vegetable markets or farmers' open fields), takes advantage of the natural advantages of fewer pests and diseases in mulberry gardens in autumn and winter, and interplanting Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale can effectively reduce the use of pesticides, thereby reducing environmental pollution and protecting ecological balance. At the same time, after the Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale is plowed as green manure, its residue and root system can improve the soil structure, increase the soil organic matter content, and further inhibit the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.

[0058] After flowering in spring, Chinese cabbage or kale can be plowed into the soil as green manure, which not only provides nutrients for mulberry trees, but also promotes the reproduction and activity of soil microorganisms, laying a good foundation for subsequent agricultural production. This recycling model conforms to the development concept of green agriculture and is conducive to the realization of sustainable agricultural development.

[0059] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and / or characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for interplanting mulberry trees with Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Plan a planting pattern based on the growth characteristics of mulberry trees and the growth requirements of Chinese cabbage or kale; After the winter felling of mulberry trees, land preparation is carried out; Apply appropriate amount of fertilizer per acre according to soil fertility and the growth requirements of Chinese cabbage or kale; Plan the planting specifications according to the planting pattern and the growth habits of Chinese cabbage or kale; According to the characteristics of the Chinese cabbage or kale variety and local climatic conditions, choose the appropriate sowing time and sow; During the growth period of Chinese cabbage or kale, topdressing should be carried out according to the growth situation and soil fertility; Harvesting, storage and transportation of Chinese cabbage or kale; After harvesting Chinese cabbage or kale in spring, the remaining branches of Chinese cabbage or kale should be plowed and pressed into the fields as green manure.

2. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting patterns include three intercropping patterns; Pattern I: single-row planting in old mulberry gardens, with a row spacing of 65cm-80cm and a plant spacing of 13cm-18cm; Pattern II: double-row planting, with a wide row spacing of 90cm-120cm and a narrow row spacing of 35cm-50cm, and a plant spacing of 13cm-18cm; Pattern III: new standard mulberry gardens with a row spacing of 100cm-120cm and a plant spacing of 20cm-30cm.

3. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese flowering cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 2, characterized in that: Apply an appropriate amount of fertilizer per mu, including 40kg of three-element compound fertilizer with a total nutrient content of 54%, or a one-time application of 50kg of rapeseed-specific fertilizer, or a one-time base application of 50kg of winter rapeseed-specific slow-release fertilizer.

4. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese flowering cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sowing time is September to October for early and medium-maturing varieties, and November to January of the following year for late-maturing varieties.

5. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese flowering cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 4, characterized in that: For Chinese cabbage: in mode I, 4 to 6 rows of early and medium-ripening Chinese cabbage and 3 to 4 rows of late-ripening Chinese cabbage are planted between two rows of mulberry trees; in mode II, 8 to 10 rows of early and medium-ripening Chinese cabbage and 4 to 6 rows of late-ripening Chinese cabbage are planted between two wide rows of mulberry trees; in mode III, 8 to 10 rows of early and medium-ripening Chinese cabbage and 4 to 6 rows of late-ripening Chinese cabbage are planted between two rows of mulberry trees; For Chinese kale: Under Mode I, 2 to 3 rows of Chinese kale can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees; under Mode II, 3 to 4 rows of Chinese kale can be planted between two wide rows of mulberry trees; under Mode III: 3 to 4 rows of Chinese kale can be planted between two rows of mulberry trees.

6. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two ways to sow Chinese cabbage or kale: direct seeding and seedling transplanting. Direct seeding uses spot sowing or row sowing, with reasonable density. Seedling transplanting: keep 2 to 3 plants in each hole, transplant when the seedlings have 5 to 6 leaves, and the seedlings should not be more than 30 days old.

7. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese flowering cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 6, characterized in that: Three days after harvesting Chinese cabbage or kale stalks, apply 5 kg of urea per mu in time.

8. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese flowering cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 7, characterized in that: When storing and transporting Chinese cabbage or kale, they should be pre-cooled in a cold storage for 30 minutes before being shipped out for sale.

9. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese flowering cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 8, characterized in that: When raising seedlings and transplanting, use rooting powder or biological agents to treat the roots of the seedlings.

10. The interplanting method of mulberry trees and Chinese cabbage or Chinese kale according to claim 9, characterized in that: While applying urea, 2-3 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is also applied per mu.

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