Ecological regulation and control method for honeysuckle aphids

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological prevention and control of pests, and discloses an ecological regulation and control method for honeysuckle aphids, which is used for preventing and controlling autumn return aphids of the honeysuckle aphids based on an ecological planting system, and comprises the following steps: intercepting and driving the return aphids migrated from umbelliferae plants to honeysuckle plants in autumn; therefore, the interference on the honeysuckle aphids is realized, and the honeysuckle aphids are prevented from falling on the honeysuckle plants and mating and oviposition. According to the method, the ecological barrier plants are utilized to form an interception effect on autumn return aphids of honeysuckle aphids in space, the potential allelopathy of the aphid repelling plants is utilized to form a repelling effect on honeysuckle return aphid populations, and return landing and mating and oviposition of the honeysuckle return aphids in a honeysuckle planting area are limited. According to the ecological regulation and control method for the honeysuckle aphids, the ecological environment of the honeysuckle planting area is changed fundamentally, and the aphids in the next spring are effectively prevented and controlled by stopping falling and spawning of the returned aphids in autumn of the current year on the honeysuckle plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant pest control, and particularly relates to an ecological regulation method for honeysuckle aphids. Background Art

[0002] Honeysuckle aphids, also known as carrot microtubule aphids Semiaphis heraclei, mainly harm honeysuckle in spring. Generally, they gather in the tender shoots and leaves of the plant to suck juice during the vegetative growth period of honeysuckle, causing the leaves to curl up deformedly, and damage the flower buds during the budding period of honeysuckle. Honeysuckle flowers are used as medicine, so damage to the flower buds means loss of yield. In recent years, honeysuckle aphids have broken out year after year in Shandong, Henan and other places, the main honeysuckle producing areas, with a damage rate as high as 70% to 90%, and even causing total production. Due to the particularity of the life history of honeysuckle aphids, it is extremely difficult to prevent and control them in production: the spring honeysuckle vegetative growth period is the prevention and control period of traditional methods of preventing and controlling honeysuckle aphids in production, but at this time aphids gather in the curled leaves, which are highly concealed, making prevention and control difficult and ineffective; and the peak period of aphid occurrence overlaps with the honeysuckle harvest period, which can easily lead to excessive pesticide residues in honeysuckle during prevention and control, directly affecting the yield and quality of honeysuckle medicinal materials, and seriously restricting the development of the honeysuckle industry. Therefore, it is imperative to find green ecological control methods for honeysuckle aphids.

[0003] The carrot microtubule aphid has the characteristics of a typical heterohost full cycle life history. In northern my country, such as Shandong, Hebei, Henan and other major honeysuckle producing areas, in early spring, the overwintering eggs of honeysuckle aphids hatch on honeysuckle plants, and the offspring they produce are parthenogenetic. In late spring and early summer, some winged parthenogenetic aphids migrate to secondary host Umbelliferae plants. In autumn, the migrating aphids migrate back to their original hosts, honeysuckle or mountain honeysuckle, and the sexual aphids mate and lay overwintering eggs. When migrating back in autumn, honeysuckle aphids mainly rely on the recognition of volatile substances in the original host honeysuckle plants to accurately locate and complete the migration.

[0004] It can be seen that interfering with and blocking the migration of honeysuckle aphids from their summer host plants to their winter host honeysuckle is an important strategy for preventing and controlling honeysuckle aphids. It can reduce the number of aphids landing, mating and laying eggs on honeysuckle in autumn, thereby reducing the honeysuckle aphid population in the following spring. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the background technology, the present invention provides an ecological control method for honeysuckle aphids based on a honeysuckle ecological planting system, aiming to achieve effective control of honeysuckle aphids by building an eco-friendly ecological planting system, reduce dependence on chemical pesticides, and thus protect the ecological environment and agricultural product safety. The core of the method is to use the special biological characteristics of ecological barrier plants and aphid-repelling plants to intercept or repel honeysuckle aphids from migrating to honeysuckle in autumn.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The invention discloses an ecological control method for honeysuckle aphids, which is based on an ecological planting system to control the migratory aphids of honeysuckle in autumn. The control includes intercepting and driving away the migratory aphids that migrate from Umbelliferae plants to honeysuckle plants in autumn, thereby interfering with the honeysuckle aphids and preventing them from landing, mating and laying eggs on honeysuckle plants.

[0007] Furthermore, the ecological planting system should include ecological barrier plants and / or aphid-repelling plants. The ecological barrier plants are used to shield the honeysuckle plants through the high-pole shielding effect, thereby physically blocking the honeysuckle aphids, and to interfere with and block the honeysuckle aphids through the volatile substances of the ecological barrier plants themselves. The aphid-repelling plants are used to drive away the honeysuckle aphids through their volatile substances. The ecological barrier plants and aphid-repelling plants are used together to interfere with the migration of honeysuckle aphids in autumn, thereby preventing them from landing, mating and laying eggs on the honeysuckle plants.

[0008] Furthermore, the ecological barrier plants are tall crops with few diseases and insect pests and the height of the plants is 0.2 to 0.5 m higher than that of the honeysuckle plants, including but not limited to sorghum and / or corn.

[0009] Furthermore, the aphid repellent plant is a plant that exhibits significant repellency and feeding deterrence to honeysuckle aphids, and the aphid repellent plant includes but is not limited to wild chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, garlic and / or ginger.

[0010] Furthermore, in the honeysuckle planting area to be controlled, the row spacing of honeysuckle plants is 1.3~2.2m, and the plant spacing is 0.8~1.2m; between the rows in the honeysuckle planting area, ecological barrier plants are planted in a (6~1) row:2 row intercropping, and / or aphid repellent plants are planted in a (3~1) row:1 row intercropping.

[0011] Furthermore, the plants of the ecological barrier crops or aphid-repellent plants are retained until the honeysuckle aphids return in autumn of that year and then mowed to ensure that the honeysuckle aphids can be intercepted or repelled during their autumn migration period.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention utilizes ecological barrier plants to spatially intercept the aphids migrating back to honeysuckle in autumn, and utilizes the potential allelopathic effect of aphid-repelling plants to form a repellent effect on the migrating aphid population of honeysuckle, thereby restricting their migrating, landing, mating and laying eggs in the honeysuckle planting area.

[0013] 2. The method for ecological regulation of honeysuckle aphids of the present invention fundamentally changes the ecological environment of the honeysuckle planting area, and effectively controls aphids in the spring of the following year by blocking aphids from landing and laying eggs on honeysuckle plants in the autumn of the current year.

[0014] 3. The present invention reduces the dependence on chemical pesticides in the control of honeysuckle diseases and pests, utilizes biodiversity to improve the ecosystem function of the honeysuckle planting area, forms effective prevention and control of honeysuckle aphids, and improves the yield and quality of honeysuckle.

[0015] 4. The present invention has made reasonable planning in the planting layout. By intercropping cash crops, the whole planting system is made more efficient and stable. While preventing and controlling honeysuckle aphids, it also helps to increase the economic income of farmers.

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but no limitation is imposed on the claims of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Partial photos of the experimental plots. The left picture shows honeysuckle intercropped with corn, and the right picture shows honeysuckle intercropped with chrysanthemum; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of intercropping in plot A1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This embodiment provides a method for ecological control of honeysuckle aphids by constructing a honeysuckle ecological planting area. According to the method, the following experiments are performed: Test location: In 2022-2023, 11 plots were selected in Anningzhuang Village, Pingyi County, Shandong Province, all of which had been planted with honeysuckle for 4-5 years. The area of ​​each plot was 1500-2000m 2 There are 800-1000 honeysuckle plants in each plot. After shaping, the plants are about 1.2 meters high. The straight-line distance between plots does not exceed 200m.

[0020] The honeysuckle ecological planting system was set up according to the planting mode: A, honeysuckle intercropped with corn and wild chrysanthemum; B, honeysuckle intercropped with wild chrysanthemum; C, honeysuckle intercropped with corn. Under different ecological planting modes, they were divided according to different plant intercropping ratios, and were set up as A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, and C3 respectively. The experiment set up a conventional chemical control control group D and a no-treatment control group E.

[0021] All 11 plots were planted with honeysuckle plants harvested in spring, with a row spacing of 1.5m and a plant spacing of 1.0m. They were set as plots A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, D and E in order.

[0022] Test method: The specific method for plot A1 is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, the honeysuckle plants are divided into multiple groups according to the row sequence, each group includes 6 rows of honeysuckle plants arranged in sequence, and a group of corn or a row of wild chrysanthemum is planted between each two adjacent groups of honeysuckle plants. Each group of corn includes two rows, and the corn group and the wild chrysanthemum row are planted alternately, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0023] The specific method for A2 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, the honeysuckle plants are divided into multiple groups according to the row sequence. Each group includes 3 rows of honeysuckle plants arranged in sequence. A group of corn or a row of wild chrysanthemum is planted between every two adjacent groups of honeysuckle plants. Each group of corn includes two rows, and the corn groups and wild chrysanthemum rows are planted alternately.

[0024] The specific method for A3 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, a group of corn or a row of wild chrysanthemum is planted between every two adjacent rows of honeysuckle plants. Each group of corn includes two rows, and the corn groups and wild chrysanthemum rows are planted alternately.

[0025] The specific method for B1 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, the honeysuckle plants are divided into multiple groups according to the row sequence. Each group includes 6 rows of honeysuckle plants arranged in sequence, and a row of wild chrysanthemums is planted between every two adjacent groups of honeysuckle plants.

[0026] The specific method for B2 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, the honeysuckle plants are divided into multiple groups according to the row sequence. Each group includes 3 rows of honeysuckle plants arranged in sequence, and a row of wild chrysanthemums is planted between every two adjacent groups of honeysuckle plants.

[0027] The specific method for B3 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, a row of wild chrysanthemums is planted between every two adjacent rows of honeysuckle plants.

[0028] The specific method for C1 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, the honeysuckle plants are divided into multiple groups according to the row sequence, each group includes 6 rows of honeysuckle plants arranged in sequence, and a group of corn is planted between every two adjacent groups of honeysuckle plants, and each group of corn includes two rows.

[0029] The specific method for C2 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, the honeysuckle plants are divided into multiple groups according to the row sequence, each group includes 3 rows of honeysuckle plants arranged in sequence, and a group of corn is planted between every two adjacent groups of honeysuckle plants, and each group of corn includes two rows.

[0030] The specific method for C3 plot is as follows: In the honeysuckle planting area, a group of corn is planted between every two adjacent rows of honeysuckle plants, and each group of corn includes two rows.

[0031] Plot D was treated with conventional chemical control methods, that is, conventional control and management of honeysuckle pests was carried out after the Qingming Festival in spring. The researchers did not intervene, but only investigated and recorded the use of pesticides by growers and the occurrence of honeysuckle aphid pests. The record results showed that growers began to spray pesticides in late April, spraying once every half a month, 2 times of imidacloprid and 1 time of thiamethoxam, for a total of 3 times. The researchers did not intervene, but only investigated and recorded the use of pesticides by growers and the occurrence of carrot microtubule aphid pests.

[0032] Plot E served as the untreated control, meaning that during the study period, growers did not conduct any pest control but only investigated and recorded the occurrence of carrot microtubule aphid pests.

[0033] Survey Methods and Results: In the first autumn, during the honeysuckle aphid migration period, a five-point sampling method was used to survey the AE plots. Five sample plots were set up from the intersection of the two diagonal lines at the four corners of the plot, that is, the center of the plot, and the middle points from the intersection to the four corners. To prevent the "edge effect", the sample plots avoided the honeysuckle 3 m away from the plot, and the number of honeysuckle plants infested by migrating aphids in the sample plots was investigated.

[0034] Aphid plant rate = number of plants infected by migrating aphids / number of plants in the sample plot*100%.

[0035] For infected plants, select 5 standard branches from each standard plant in 5 directions: east, west, south, north and center. Tie a red signboard about 10 cm away from the top of the honeysuckle branch. The position of the signboard is used as the statistical range of the number of aphids. Select 4 infected honeysuckle plants in each sample plot to investigate the number of insects and record them. When the first batch of flowers are collected in May of the following spring, the aphid population density is investigated and the prevention effect is calculated according to the following formula.

[0036] Prevention efficiency % = (insect population density in the control area - insect population density in the treatment area) / insect population density in the control area * 100%.

[0037] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1: Effects of honeysuckle ecological planting patterns on honeysuckle aphid control

[0039] As can be seen from Table 1, by using the method of the present invention, in C1-C3 plots, the rate of returning aphids and the number of insects in infected plants are better than those of conventional chemical control methods; in A1~A3 plots, the rate of returning aphids and the number of insects in infected plants are significantly reduced: the results of the insect survey when the first batch of flowers were harvested in spring showed that the control effect can reach more than 80%, which is significantly better than the conventional chemical control method E. In B1~B3 plots, the rate of returning aphids and the number of insects in infected plants are significantly reduced: the results of the insect survey when the first batch of flowers were harvested in spring showed that the control effect can reach more than 70%, which is significantly better than the conventional chemical control method D plot. And the effect of the ecological planting method is significantly better than that of the control group E plot. It can be seen that the effect of interplanting corn and wild chrysanthemums between honeysuckle rows is better than that of interplanting wild chrysanthemums between honeysuckle rows, and that of interplanting wild chrysanthemums between honeysuckle rows is better than that of interplanting corn between honeysuckle rows.

[0040] The honeysuckle plants in the test field of the above embodiments are all 4-5 years old, and the height of the honeysuckle after shaping is about 1.2m. Honeysuckle is a twining vine plant. In production, for the convenience of harvesting, the plant height after shaping is generally kept within 1.5, which can effectively block the honeysuckle aphids in space. The ecological barrier plants in the honeysuckle planting area mainly rely on the physical barrier formed above the honeysuckle to intercept the landing of the migrating aphids. The ecological barrier plant used in the above embodiments is corn. Since sorghum and corn have no attraction to honeysuckle aphids, and are not host plants of honeysuckle aphids, especially both are tall crops, the plant heights of corn and sorghum can be 0.2~0.5m higher than the plant height of honeysuckle during the migration period of honeysuckle aphids in autumn. Therefore, sorghum can also be used as an ecological barrier plant.

[0041] Aphid repellent plants interfere with the recognition of honeysuckle plants by returning aphids through volatile substances with aphid repellent activity emitted by the plants. Chrysanthemum, garlic or ginger are similar to wild chrysanthemums, and can emit volatile substances with aphid repellent activity, which interfere with the recognition of honeysuckle aphids on honeysuckle plants and form a repellent effect on aphids landing on honeysuckle plants. Therefore, in addition to the wild chrysanthemums used in the above embodiments, chrysanthemums, garlic or ginger can also be used as aphid repellent plants.

[0042] Since the size of honeysuckle plants varies depending on the years of cultivation, the intercropping ratio of honeysuckle and ecological barrier plants or aphid repellent plants should be appropriately adjusted according to the row spacing of the honeysuckle plants after shaping and pruning. For example, in planting areas with a long planting period, that is, older plants, because the plants are taller and have larger crowns, the entire plant occupies a larger space. Therefore, a higher intercropping ratio of ecological barrier plants and / or aphid repellent plants is required, that is, a higher planting density of ecological barrier plants and / or aphid repellent plants is required to achieve a good aphid control effect. Conversely, for planting areas with a shorter planting period and smaller plants, a lower planting density of ecological barrier plants and / or aphid repellent plants is sufficient.

[0043] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological regulation of honeysuckle aphids, characterized in that: The invention is based on an ecological planting system to prevent and control the migratory aphids of honeysuckle in autumn, and the prevention and control includes intercepting and driving away the migratory aphids that migrate from Umbelliferae plants to honeysuckle plants in autumn, thereby interfering with the honeysuckle aphids and preventing them from landing, mating and laying eggs on the honeysuckle plants.

2. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological planting system includes ecological barrier plants and aphid repelling plants. The ecological barrier plants are used to shield honeysuckle plants through the high-pole shielding effect, thereby achieving physical interception of honeysuckle aphids, and to interfere with and intercept honeysuckle aphids through the volatile substances of the ecological barrier plants themselves. The aphid repelling plants are used to repel honeysuckle aphids through their volatile substances. The ecological barrier plants and aphid repelling plants are used together to interfere with the migration of honeysuckle aphids in autumn, so as to prevent them from landing, mating and laying eggs on honeysuckle plants.

3. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ecological barrier plant is a tall crop with few diseases and insect pests, and the plant is 0.2-0.5m taller than the honeysuckle plant.

4. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ecological barrier plants include corn.

5. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aphid repellent plant is a plant that exhibits significant repellency and feeding resistance to honeysuckle aphids.

6. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aphid repellent plants include wild chrysanthemum.

7. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the honeysuckle planting area to be controlled, the row spacing of honeysuckle plants is 1.3~2.2m, and the plant spacing is 0.8~1.2m; between the rows in the honeysuckle planting area, ecological barrier plants are planted in a (6~1):2 intercropping ratio, and / or aphid-repellent plants are planted in a (3~1):1 intercropping ratio.

8. The ecological control method of honeysuckle aphids according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The plants of the ecological barrier crops or aphid-repellent plants should be retained until the autumn migration period of the honeysuckle aphids and then mowed to ensure that the honeysuckle aphids are intercepted or repelled during their autumn migration period.

Images