Electrochemical machining system and method capable of avoiding nozzle droplet aggregation and branch current

Abstract

The present invention provides an electrolytic machining system and method for avoiding nozzle droplet aggregation and branching current. The system connects the water inlet of a liquid pump to a solution tank through a filter, and the water outlet of the liquid pump to a jet nozzle. Multiple liquid suction needles are installed on the jet nozzle along the circumferential direction of the nozzle of the jet nozzle. Each liquid suction needle is connected to the water inlet of a multi-channel peristaltic pump, and the water outlet of the multi-channel peristaltic pump is connected to the solution tank. An electrolytic cell is provided above the solution tank. A workbench is located below the nozzle of the jet nozzle and installed in the electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. A flow-off rotary tank is installed in the solution tank via a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is located to the right below the center of the electrolytic cell outlet pipe. The negative electrode of the electrolytic power supply is connected to the jet nozzle. The invention can promptly remove the solution accumulated at the periphery of the nozzle during machining, so that the current is transmitted only in the jet, which can improve machining quality and efficiency and reduce energy loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of jet electrolytic precision machining, and in particular relates to an electrolytic machining system and method capable of avoiding nozzle droplet aggregation and branching current. Background Art

[0002] Jet electrochemical machining (JEM) is an advanced machining technology that combines high-speed electrolyte jets with electrochemical etching principles. It is widely used in the manufacture of complex structures and high-precision parts. This technology involves spraying an electrolyte onto the workpiece surface in the form of a high-speed jet. The synergistic effect of the electrolyte and the electric field results in efficient material removal through electrochemical reactions. JEM offers the advantages of zero mechanical force, no thermal impact, and no burrs, making it particularly suitable for machining tiny holes, complex curved surfaces, and parts made of specialized materials that are difficult to achieve with traditional machining. JEM uses a high-speed jet of electrolyte to form a fine jet. The cross-sectional area of ​​the jet is typically very small. This small cross-section and long jet length significantly increase the circuit resistance, necessitating ultra-high voltages to generate high current densities to achieve maximum dissolution rates and ensure rapid material removal. However, the extremely high electrostatic forces can cause some of the solution to migrate toward the periphery of the nozzle, gradually accumulating to form droplets. Furthermore, splashing occurs when the jet strikes the workpiece surface, and this splashing also forms droplet aggregates near the nozzle periphery. Liquid droplets can easily short-circuit the circuit, causing cathode discharge at the nozzle, leading to nozzle wear and reducing localized dissolution of the anode workpiece. Furthermore, when power is applied to the anode and cathode, the current not only flows through the jet but also flows from the anode through the workbench, electrolytic cell, filter, liquid pump, and pipeline to the cathode, forming a branched current, resulting in inaccurate processing data measurement and energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes an electrolytic machining system and method that can avoid nozzle droplet aggregation and branch current. The purpose is to promptly remove the solution accumulated at the periphery of the nozzle during the machining process, so that the current is only transmitted in the jet, so as to solve the adverse cathode discharge and branch current problems in jet electrolytic machining, improve machining quality and efficiency, and reduce energy loss.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The electrolytic machining system for avoiding nozzle droplet aggregation and branching current includes a filter, a multi-channel peristaltic pump, a liquid suction pump, a liquid suction needle, a jet nozzle, an electrolytic cell, an electrolytic power supply, a shut-off rotary tank, a solution tank and a workbench for placing workpieces. The water inlet end of the liquid suction pump is connected to the solution tank through the filter, and the water outlet end of the liquid suction pump is connected to the jet nozzle. Multiple liquid suction needles are respectively installed on the jet nozzle along the circumferential direction of the nozzle of the jet nozzle. Each liquid suction needle is respectively connected to the water inlet end of the multi-channel peristaltic pump, and the water outlet end of the multi-channel peristaltic pump is connected to the solution tank. An electrolytic cell is provided above the solution tank. The workbench is located below the nozzle of the jet nozzle and is installed in the electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The shut-off rotary tank is installed in the solution tank through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is located to the right below the center of the electrolytic cell outlet pipe. The negative pole of the electrolytic power supply is connected to the jet nozzle.

[0006] Furthermore, a digital multimeter is included, wherein the positive pole of the digital multimeter is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic power supply, and the negative pole is connected to the workpiece.

[0007] Furthermore, the liquid-absorbing needle is a tube with an opening at one end. The open end of the liquid-absorbing needle is close to the nozzle of the jet nozzle, and a gap is provided between the open end of the liquid-absorbing needle and the nozzle of the jet nozzle.

[0008] Furthermore, the tube body is square or round, and the number of installed pipette needles is set according to the size of the jet nozzle.

[0009] A flow-cutting rotating trough of the system, comprising a rotating shell, a partition, a side plate and a rotating shaft. The rotating shell is a regular polygon, and partitions are respectively installed on the right side of each side of the rotating shell. The two side plates are respectively installed on both sides of the rotating shell and each partition, so that the rotating shell, the two side plates and the multiple partitions are arranged to form multiple liquid storage tanks. The rotating shaft is passed through and connected to the middle of the rotating shell, and the rotating shaft is located 5 mm to the right below the center of the liquid outlet pipe of the electrolytic cell.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the partition is greater than the length of each side of the rotating shell, and the number of the partitions and the liquid storage tanks is equal to the number of sides of the regular polygon, which is a regular hexagon, a regular heptagon, a regular octagon or a regular enneagon.

[0011] The processing method using the system includes the following steps:

[0012] S1, install the workpiece on the workbench, adjust the height of the jet nozzle so that there is a gap between the nozzle of the jet nozzle and the surface of the workpiece, connect the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply to the positive pole of the digital multimeter, connect the negative pole of the digital multimeter to the workpiece, and fill the solution tank with neutral solution;

[0013] S2, turn on the liquid extraction pump, multi-channel peristaltic pump and electrolytic power supply respectively, the liquid extraction pump filters the solution in the solution tank and then draws it into the jet nozzle, and then ejects it from the nozzle to the workpiece in the form of a jet, the multi-channel peristaltic pump collects the liquid droplets formed on the lower end face of the jet nozzle at the opening of the liquid suction needle and draws them into the solution tank, the solution ejected onto the workpiece flows into the electrolytic tank through the workbench, and then flows from the liquid outlet pipe of the electrolytic tank to the liquid storage tank of the cut-off rotating tank to drive the cut-off rotating tank to rotate, the electrolytic power supply performs electrolytic processing on the workpiece, and after completing the processing of the required area of ​​the workpiece, turn off the power of the electrolytic power supply, liquid extraction pump and multi-channel peristaltic pump, unload the workpiece, and complete the processing.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, a distance of 10 mm is left between the nozzle and the workpiece surface, and the neutral solution is a NaCl solution and / or a NaNO3 solution.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention

[0016] 1. The present invention provides an electrolytic machining system and method that can avoid nozzle droplet aggregation and branching current. By arranging multiple liquid suction needles in a circular array around the nozzle of the jet nozzle and connecting them to a multi-channel peristaltic pump, the multi-channel peristaltic pump can suck the accumulated droplets around the nozzle into the solution tank through the liquid suction needles. Since the solution accumulated at the nozzle periphery during the machining process can be removed in time, adverse cathode discharge caused by the accumulated droplets is avoided, thereby reducing the loss of the nozzle.

[0017] 2. This invention can disconnect the current circuit formed in sequence by the workpiece, workbench, electrolytic cell, solution tank, filter, liquid pump, and jet nozzle from the current-breaking rotating groove, so that the current is transmitted only in the jet, avoiding the formation of branch current, solving the problem of branch current in jet electrolytic machining, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy and improving machining accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrochemical machining system that can avoid nozzle droplet aggregation and branching current.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the interrupted flow rotating tank and the electrolytic cell liquid outlet pipe.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interrupted flow rotating trough.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pipette needle.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4Schematic diagram of the installation of the aspiration needle, jet nozzle and multi-channel peristaltic pump.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. Filter; 2. Multi-channel peristaltic pump; 3. Liquid pump; 4. Liquid aspiration needle; 401. Tube body; 402. Opening; 5. Jet nozzle; 501. Nozzle; 6. Jet; 7. Workpiece; 8. Workbench; 9. Electrolytic cell; 901. Electrolytic cell outlet pipe; 10. Electrolytic power supply; 11. Digital multimeter; 12. Cut-off rotary tank; 121. Rotating shaft; 122. Liquid storage tank; 123. Partition; 124. Side plate; 125. Rotating shell; 13. Solution tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that this specific embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of rights of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the electrolytic machining system for avoiding nozzle droplet aggregation and branching current provided in this specific embodiment includes a filter 1, a multi-channel peristaltic pump 2, a suction pump 3, a liquid suction needle 4, a jet nozzle 5, an electrolytic cell 9, an electrolytic power supply 10, a cut-off rotating tank 12, a solution tank 13 and a workbench 8 for placing a workpiece 7.

[0027] Digital multimeter 11: Beijing Puyuan Jingdian Technology Co., Ltd., model: DM3058.

[0028] Electrolytic power supply 10: Hangzhou Pusiyue Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., model: DCPS06.

[0029] Liquid pump 3: Kachuaner Fluid Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., model: DIP1500.

[0030] Multi-channel peristaltic pump 2: Baoding Rongbai Constant Flow Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd., model: BT100-2J.

[0031] The water inlet end of the liquid pump 3 is connected to the solution tank 13 through the filter 1, and the water outlet end of the liquid pump 3 is connected to the jet nozzle 5. The liquid suction needle 4 is a tube body 401 with an opening 402 at one end. The tube body 401 is configured as a square or circular shape. The tube body 401 of this embodiment is square, with an inner cavity cross-section of 1mm*1mm in size, and the length of the opening 402 is 3mm. At this size, it is conducive to the flow of aggregated droplets through the opening 402 to the unopened end of the tube body 401 under the action of capillary force, and then being sucked into the solution tank 13 by the multichannel peristaltic pump 2, thereby avoiding droplet aggregation. NaCl solution and / or NaNO3 solution are respectively installed in the solution tank 13. The number of pipette tips 4 installed is set according to the size of the jet nozzle 5. In this embodiment, eight pipette tips 4 are provided. The eight pipette tips 4 are installed on the jet nozzle 5 along the circumference of the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5, and one end of the opening 402 of the pipette tip 4 is close to the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5, with a gap of 1 mm between the opening 402 of the pipette tip 4 and the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5 to prevent the opening 402 of the tube 401 from contacting the jet 6 and destabilizing the jet 6. The pipette tips 4 are made of insulating material to prevent discharge from occurring at the pipette tips 4.

[0032] Each pipetting needle 4 is connected to the water inlet end of the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2, and the water outlet end of the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 is connected to the solution tank 13. The purpose is to collect the aggregated droplets formed on the lower end surface of the jet nozzle 5 through the opening of the pipetting needle 4 and pump them into the solution tank 13 through the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2.

[0033] An electrolytic tank 9 is provided above the right side of the solution tank 13. A workbench 8 is located below the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5 and is installed in the electrolytic tank 9. A workpiece 7 is installed on the workbench 8. The height of the jet nozzle 5 is adjusted so that a distance of 10 mm is maintained between the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5 and the workpiece 7.

[0034] An electrolytic cell outlet pipe 901 is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 9. The flow-off rotating tank 12 is made of insulating material to prevent it from causing a conductive effect on the solution. The flow-off rotating tank 12 is installed in the solution tank 13 via a rotating shaft 121, and the rotating shaft 121 is located to the right below the center of the electrolytic cell outlet pipe 901. Specifically, the flow-off rotating tank 12 includes a rotating shell 125, a partition 123, a side plate 124, and a rotating shaft 121. The rotating shell is a regular polygon, and the regular polygon is a regular hexagon, a regular heptagon, a regular octagon, or a regular enneagon. The number of the partitions 123 and the liquid storage tank 122 is equal to the number of sides of the regular polygon. The rotating shell 125 of this embodiment is configured as a hexagon. The length of the partition 123 is greater than the length of each side of the rotating shell 125. A partition 123 is installed along the right side of each side of the rotating shell 125. The two side plates 124 are installed on both sides of the rotating shell 125 and each partition 123, respectively. The rotating shell 125, the two side plates 124, and the multiple partitions 123 are arranged to form six liquid storage tanks 122, so as to isolate the solutions in each liquid storage tank 122 from each other. The rotating shaft 121 is connected to the middle of the rotating shell 125 through a bearing. The rotating shaft 121 is located 5 mm to the right of the center of the electrolytic cell liquid outlet pipe 901 to prevent the solution in the electrolytic cell 9 from generating a clockwise torque on the shut-off rotating tank 12, which would hinder the shut-off rotating tank 12 from rotating counterclockwise.

[0035] The positive terminal of electrolytic power source 10 is directly connected to workpiece 7 via a wire. Alternatively, the positive terminal of electrolytic power source 10 can be connected to the positive terminal of a digital multimeter 11, and the negative terminal of digital multimeter 11 is then connected to workpiece 7. The purpose of connecting to digital multimeter 11 is to use digital multimeter 11 to read the current in the machining circuit, and then manually input the data into the computer control system for processing to determine the machining status. The negative terminal of electrolytic power source 10 is connected to the jet nozzle 5.

[0036] Working principle:

[0037] Before use, the workpiece 7 is mounted on the workbench 8, and the height of the jet nozzle 5 is adjusted so that there is a 10 mm gap between the nozzle 501 and the surface of the workpiece 7. The positive pole of the electrolytic power supply 10 is connected to the positive pole of the digital multimeter 11, and the negative pole of the digital multimeter 11 is connected to the workpiece 7. After the neutral solution is filled into the solution tank 13, the liquid pump 3, the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 and the electrolytic power supply 10 are turned on respectively. The liquid pump 3 filters the solution in the solution tank 13 through the filter 1 and then draws it into the jet nozzle 5. The solution then flows out from the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5 in the form of a jet. The liquid is sprayed onto the workpiece 7, and the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 collects the liquid droplets formed on the lower end surface of the jet nozzle 5 at the opening 402 of the liquid suction needle 4 and draws them into the solution tank 13. The solution sprayed onto the workpiece 7 flows into the electrolytic tank 9 through the workbench 8, and then flows from the electrolytic tank outlet pipe 901 to the liquid storage tank 122 of the cut-off rotary tank 12 to promote the rotation of the cut-off rotary tank 12. The electrolytic power supply 10 performs electrolytic processing on the workpiece 7. After completing the processing of the required area of ​​the workpiece 7, the power supply of the electrolytic power supply 10, the liquid suction pump 3 and the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 are turned off, the workpiece 7 is unloaded, and the processing is completed.

[0038] The processing method using the system includes the following steps:

[0039] S1, install the workpiece 7 on the workbench 8, adjust the height of the jet nozzle 5 so that there is a 10 mm gap between the nozzle 501 of the jet nozzle 5 and the surface of the workpiece, connect the positive pole of the electrolytic power supply 10 to the positive pole of the digital multimeter 11, connect the negative pole of the digital multimeter 11 to the workpiece, and fill the solution tank 13 with a neutral solution; the neutral solution is a NaCl solution and / or a NaNO3 solution.

[0040] S2, respectively turn on the liquid pump 3, the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 and the electrolysis power supply 10. The liquid pump 3 filters the solution in the solution tank 13 through the filter 1 and then pumps it into the jet nozzle 5. The solution is then ejected from the nozzle 501 onto the workpiece 7 in the form of a jet with a flow rate of 0.5L / min. The multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 collects the accumulated droplets formed on the lower end surface of the jet nozzle 5 at the opening 402 of the liquid suction needle 4 and pumps them into the solution tank 13. The solution ejected onto the workpiece 7 flows into the electrolytic tank 9 through the workbench 8 and then The liquid flows from the liquid outlet pipe 901 of the electrolytic cell into the liquid storage tank 122 of the stop-flow rotating tank 12, and the solution is driven by gravity to rotate the stop-flow rotating tank 12. Since the solutions in each liquid storage tank 122 are isolated from each other, it can be ensured that the current will not pass through the stop-flow rotating tank 12, thereby avoiding the generation of branch current; the electrolytic power supply 10 performs electrolytic processing on the workpiece 7. After completing the processing of the required area of ​​the workpiece 7, the power supply of the electrolytic power supply 10, the liquid suction pump 3 and the multi-channel peristaltic pump 2 are turned off, the workpiece 7 is unloaded, and the processing is completed.

Claims

1. An electrochemical machining system that avoids nozzle droplet aggregation and branched current, characterized in that: It includes a filter, a multi-channel peristaltic pump, a liquid suction pump, a liquid suction needle, a jet nozzle, an electrolytic cell, an electrolytic power supply, a stop-flow rotating tank, a solution tank and a workbench for placing workpieces. The water inlet end of the liquid suction pump is connected to the solution tank through the filter, and the water outlet end of the liquid suction pump is connected to the jet nozzle. Multiple liquid suction needles are respectively installed on the jet nozzle along the circumferential direction of the nozzle of the jet nozzle. Each liquid suction needle is respectively connected to the water inlet end of the multi-channel peristaltic pump, and the water outlet end of the multi-channel peristaltic pump is connected to the solution tank. An electrolytic cell is provided above the solution tank. The workbench is located below the nozzle of the jet nozzle and is installed in the electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell outlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The stop-flow rotating tank is installed in the solution tank through a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is located on the right side below the center of the electrolytic cell outlet pipe. The negative pole of the electrolytic power supply is connected to the jet nozzle.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The invention comprises a digital multimeter, wherein the positive pole of the digital multimeter is connected to the positive pole of the electrolytic power supply, and the negative pole is connected to the workpiece.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid-absorbing needle is a tube with an opening at one end. The open end of the liquid-absorbing needle is close to the nozzle of the jet nozzle, and a gap is provided between the open end of the liquid-absorbing needle and the nozzle of the jet nozzle.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The tube body is square or round, and the number of installed liquid-absorbing needles is set according to the size of the jet nozzle.

5. A shut-off rotary tank according to the system of claim 1, characterized in that: The interrupted flow rotating tank includes a rotating shell, a partition, a side plate and a rotating shaft. The rotating shell is a regular polygon. Partitions are installed on the right side of each side of the rotating shell. The two side plates are respectively installed on both sides of the rotating shell and each partition, so that the rotating shell, the two side plates and the multiple partitions are surrounded by multiple liquid storage tanks. The rotating shaft is connected to the middle of the rotating shell and is located 5 mm to the right below the center of the liquid outlet pipe of the electrolytic cell.

6. The flow-stopping rotary trough according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the partition is greater than the length of each side of the rotating shell. The number of the partitions and the liquid storage tanks is equal to the number of sides of the regular polygon. The regular polygon is a regular hexagon, a regular heptagon, a regular octagon or a regular nonagon.

7. A processing method using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, install the workpiece on the workbench, adjust the height of the jet nozzle so that there is a gap between the nozzle of the jet nozzle and the surface of the workpiece, connect the positive pole of the electrolysis power supply to the positive pole of the digital multimeter, connect the negative pole of the digital multimeter to the workpiece, and fill the solution tank with neutral solution; S2, turn on the liquid extraction pump, multi-channel peristaltic pump and electrolytic power supply respectively, the liquid extraction pump filters the solution in the solution tank and then draws it into the jet nozzle, and then ejects it from the nozzle to the workpiece in the form of a jet, the multi-channel peristaltic pump collects the liquid droplets formed on the lower end face of the jet nozzle at the opening of the liquid suction needle and draws them into the solution tank, the solution ejected onto the workpiece flows into the electrolytic tank through the workbench, and then flows from the liquid outlet pipe of the electrolytic tank to the liquid storage tank of the cut-off rotating tank to drive the cut-off rotating tank to rotate, the electrolytic power supply performs electrolytic processing on the workpiece, and after completing the processing of the required area of ​​the workpiece, turn off the power of the electrolytic power supply, liquid extraction pump and multi-channel peristaltic pump, unload the workpiece, and complete the processing.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 1, a distance of 10 mm is left between the nozzle and the workpiece surface, and the neutral solution is NaCl solution and / or NaNO3 solution.

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