Press fitting tool and press fitting equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a press fitting tool and press fitting equipment. The press fitting tool comprises a supporting seat plate, a supporting cushion assembly is arranged on the supporting seat plate, a supporting shaft is arranged on the supporting seat plate, a rotating seat plate rotating along the vertical axis is arranged on the supporting shaft through a rotating assembly, and a first lining positioning assembly, a second lining positioning assembly and a knuckle bearing positioning assembly which move up and down are arranged on the rotating seat plate. The rotating paths of the first lining positioning assembly, the second lining positioning assembly and the knuckle bearing positioning assembly are all located above the supporting cushion assembly. The press-fitting equipment comprises a machine body and a pressing head capable of moving up and down, and further comprises the press-fitting tool, the supporting seat plate is fixed to the machine body, and the pressing head is located above the supporting cushion assembly. The bushing press-fitting tool has the beneficial effects that on-site actual operation verifies that the bushing press-fitting tool achieves a very good effect, the bushing assembly efficiency of products is improved, the qualified rate of the products is guaranteed, the purposes of saving time and labor and being safe are achieved, and the on-site small-batch production requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical pressing, and specifically relates to a pressing tool and pressing equipment. Background Art

[0002] The rotary lever is a component of a unit brake device. It is an independent suspension structure and is designed in a triangular shape. One hole is connected to the main beam, one hole is connected to the unit brake cylinder, and the other hole is connected to the push rod. The connection part is usually installed with a bushing or a spherical bearing. Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating lever 01, on which three holes are respectively provided with a joint bearing 02, a first bushing 03 (28X38X20mm) and a second bushing 04 (34X42X20mm).

[0003] The bushing is used to reduce the wear of the transmission parts in the round hole, and the bushing and the round hole are used with an interference fit to prevent the bushing from falling off. The previous installation method usually uses a flat pad to press on the end face of the bushing, and press it into the round hole by a press. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive and reduces the assembly efficiency of the bushing. In addition, the bushing is prone to relative movement under the action of external force, resulting in the bushing and the round hole being out of axial alignment, and the poor centering makes it easy to deform or even damage the bushing, which reduces the assembly quality of the bushing and affects the service life of the product.

[0004] Technical requirements for press-fitting of spherical bearing 02 and rotary lever 01: The interference fit is 0.04mm-0.1mm, and the inner ball sleeve in the spherical bearing can rotate flexibly after press-fitting. Dislocation is prone to occur during the press-fitting process, and the uneven press-fitting force causes local deformation of the spherical bearing, resulting in the inner ball sleeve being stuck and unable to rotate. In addition, due to the processing and manufacturing errors of the spherical bearing and the rotary lever, it is difficult to ensure the quality pass rate of the press sleeve. When using existing press-fitting equipment to press-fit the bushing, the product itself weighs 5.8Kg, so two people are usually required to cooperate and press-fit in a single operation. One person needs to hold the workpiece while the other person places the bushing and starts the pneumatic pressure equipment to complete the press-fitting. This process requires the rotating lever body to be carried back and forth, which is labor-intensive, inefficient, and has safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a press-fitting tool and press-fitting equipment to facilitate smooth assembly of the bushing and the mounting hole, thereby reducing labor intensity, improving production efficiency, ensuring product quality, meeting small-batch production needs, and solving the problems of low efficiency and poor quality of existing rotary lever press-fitting bushings or spherical bearings.

[0006] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pressing tool comprises a supporting seat plate, a supporting pad assembly is arranged on the supporting seat plate, a supporting shaft is arranged on the supporting shaft, a rotating seat plate which rotates along a vertical axis is arranged on the supporting shaft through a rotating assembly, a first bushing positioning assembly, a second bushing positioning assembly and a joint bearing positioning assembly which are movable up and down are arranged on the rotating seat plate, and the rotating paths of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the joint bearing positioning assembly are all located above the supporting pad assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the support pad assembly includes a support column and a movable pad block. The support seat plate is provided with a support column, and the movable pad block is provided on the support column.

[0009] Furthermore, the support seat plate is provided with a placement hole, the lower part of the support column is fixed in the placement hole and the lower end extends out of the placement hole, the support seat plate supports the side edge of the support column, the support column is provided with a placement groove opening upward, the movable pad is located in the placement groove and there is a gap with the bottom of the groove, the support column supports the side edge of the movable pad, and the center of the support column and the movable pad is provided with a through hole along the axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a bearing pad, a first compression spring, a first bearing, a support shaft, a tray and a second bearing. The support seat plate is provided with a support shaft, and the support shaft is sleeved with the first bearing, the tray and the second bearing. The upper end of the support shaft is provided with a bearing pad, a first compression spring is provided between the first bearing and the lower end of the tray, a second bearing is provided between the upper end of the tray and the bearing pad, and the tray is connected to the rotating seat plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the support shaft is provided with an installation step, the first bearing is arranged on the installation step, the tray is provided with a bearing groove with an opening facing upward, the second bearing and the bearing pad are both located in the bearing groove, the rotating seat plate is provided with a tray hole, the tray is fixed in the tray hole, and the supporting edge of the tray lifts the rotating seat plate.

[0012] Furthermore, at least one of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly includes a positioning rod, a mounting seat plate and a second compression spring, a mounting seat plate is provided on the rotating seat plate, a positioning rod that slides up and down is provided on the mounting seat plate, and a second compression spring that supports the positioning rod upward is provided on the mounting seat plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper ends of the positioning rods of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly include a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion, and the small diameter portion is located above the large diameter portion.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating seat plate is provided with a seat plate hole, the mounting seat plate is fixed in the seat plate hole, the rotating seat plate lifts the side edge of the mounting seat plate, the mounting seat plate is provided with a guide groove with an opening facing upward, the positioning rod slides up and down in the guide groove, the lower end of the positioning rod is provided with a guide rod, the second clamping spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the rotating seat plate is provided with a protective sleeve, which is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting seat plate.

[0015] A press-fitting device comprises a machine body and a pressing head movable up and down, and also comprises the above-mentioned pressing tooling, wherein a support seat plate is fixed on the machine body, and the pressing head is located above a support pad assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, the pressure head is a detachable pressure head.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: after verification by actual on-site operation, the bushing press-fitting tooling has achieved very good results, improved the bushing assembly efficiency of the product, ensured the product qualification rate, achieved the purpose of saving time, labor and safety, and met the requirements of small-batch production on-site.

[0018] The aforementioned main scheme of the present application and its further options can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, all of which are schemes that can be adopted and claimed for protection in the present application; and in the present application, (non-conflicting options) can also be freely combined with each other and with other options. After understanding the scheme of the present application, those skilled in the art can understand that there are multiple combinations based on the prior art and common knowledge, all of which are technical schemes to be protected by the present application, and they are not exhaustively listed here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating lever structure.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0021] In the figure: 01-rotating lever, 02-spherical bearing, 03-first bushing, 04-second bushing; 1-support seat plate, 2-support column, 3-movable pad, 4-protective sleeve, 5-rotating seat plate, 6-first bushing positioning rod, 7-first bolt, 8-bearing pad, 9-first compression spring, 10-second bushing positioning rod, 11-second bolt, 12-mounting seat plate, 13-second compression spring, 14-third bolt, 15-first bearing, 16-support shaft, 17-fourth bolt, 18-tray, 19-second bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following non-limiting examples are provided to illustrate the present application.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a press-fitting tool includes a support seat plate 1, a support pad assembly, a support shaft 16, a rotating assembly, a rotating seat plate 5, a first bushing positioning assembly, a second bushing positioning assembly and a spherical bearing positioning assembly.

[0025] The support base plate 1 is a flat plate structure, which serves as the base for the bottom support installation of the tooling. A support shaft 16 is vertically provided on the support base plate 1, and a rotating base plate 5 that rotates along the vertical axis is provided on the support shaft 16 through a rotating assembly. The support shaft 16 is used to lift the rotating base plate 5, and the rotating base plate 5 is horizontally rotated by the rotating assembly to switch each positioning assembly to the press-fitting position. Since the existing equipment can only realize a single press-fitting, the rotating base plate 5 needs to be rotated after the press-fitting is completed to press-fit the next part again, which reduces the labor intensity of manually moving the workpiece back and forth during the previous press-fitting process and improves production efficiency.

[0026] The rotating seat plate 5 is provided with a first bushing positioning assembly, a second bushing positioning assembly and a spherical bearing positioning assembly which are movable up and down. The three positioning assemblies jointly realize the positioning and placement of the rotating lever, and the three positioning assemblies respectively realize the positioning and placement of the first bushing, the second bushing and the spherical bearing.

[0027] A support pad assembly is provided on the support seat plate 1, and the rotation paths of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly are all located above the support pad assembly. When the positioning assembly is rotated to above the support pad assembly, the support pad assembly supports the positioning assembly, and at the same time, the pressing head of the pressing device presses downward to press the bushing or spherical bearing into the hole of the rotating lever.

[0028] The support pad assembly includes a support column 2 and a movable pad block 3. The support column 2 is provided on the support seat plate 1, and the support column 2 is supported by the support seat plate 1. The support column 2 is provided with a movable pad block 3, and the movable pad block 3 is supported by the support column 2. The movable pad block 3 supports the positioning assembly above and is used to withstand the axial load force transmitted by the pressure head during the pressing process.

[0029] The support base plate 1 is provided with a placement hole, the lower part of the support column 2 is fixed in the placement hole by interference fit, and the lower end of the support column 2 extends out of the placement hole to achieve connection with the equipment body, thereby fixing the support base plate 1 on the equipment body. The support base plate 1 lifts the side edge of the support column 2 and limits the downward movement of the support column 2.

[0030] The support column 2 is provided with an upwardly opening placement groove, and the movable pad 3 is located in the placement groove to prevent the movable pad 3 from horizontal displacement, and there is a gap between the movable pad 3 and the bottom of the groove, so that the pad itself can be deformed without being tightened in the placement groove, which is convenient for the subsequent removal and placement of the movable pad 3. The support column 2 lifts the side edge of the movable pad 3 and limits the downward movement of the movable pad 3. The center of the support column 2 and the movable pad 3 is provided with a through hole along the axis, which saves structural materials and facilitates the exhaust of the contact surface.

[0031] The rotating assembly includes a bearing pad 8, a first compression spring 9, a first bearing 15, a support shaft 16, a tray 18 and a second bearing 19. A support shaft 16 is provided on the support seat plate 1, and the flange at the lower end of the support shaft 16 is fixed to the support seat plate 1 by a fourth bolt 17. The center position of the axis of the support shaft 16 is exactly at the center of gravity of the rotating lever. The support shaft 16 is sleeved with a first bearing 15, a tray 18 and a second bearing 19. The upper end of the support shaft 16 is provided with a bearing pad 8, a first compression spring 9 is provided between the first bearing 15 and the lower end of the tray 18, a second bearing 19 is provided between the upper end of the tray 18 and the bearing pad 8, and the tray 18 is connected to the rotating seat plate 5.

[0032] The first bearing 15 and the second bearing 19 are used to realize the rotation transition between the support shaft 16 and the tray 18, so that the tray 18 can rotate relative to the support shaft 16 along the vertical axis, driving the rotating seat plate 5 to rotate synchronously. The first compression spring 9 provides an upward elastic force to the tray 18. When the pressure head descends for press-fitting, the rotating seat plate 5 and the tray 18 overcome the spring pressure to descend. After the pressure head rises and resets, the rotating seat plate 5 and the tray 18 also rise and reset under the action of the spring.

[0033] The support shaft 16 is provided with an installation step, the first bearing 15 is arranged on the installation step, the tray 18 is provided with a bearing groove with an opening facing upward, the second bearing 19 and the bearing pad 8 are both located in the bearing groove, the upper end of the support shaft 16 is connected to the first bolt 7, and the first bolt 7 fixes the bearing pad 8 on the support shaft 16. The second bearing 19 and the bearing pad 8 are built into the bearing groove of the tray 18, which can reduce the height of the rotating component and avoid interference with the rotating lever after installation. The rotating seat plate 5 is provided with a tray hole, and the tray 18 is fixed in the tray hole by interference fit. The support edge of the tray 18 lifts the rotating seat plate 5, so as to realize the supporting effect of the tray 18 on the rotating seat plate 5, and ensure that the two move up or down synchronously.

[0034] Because the sizes of the pressed bushings are different, there is a direction distinction when placing them. Therefore, identification marks are specially engraved on the rotating seat plate for identification to reduce human errors in placing the rotating lever. The first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly all include a positioning rod, a mounting seat plate 12 and a second clamping spring 13. The positioning rod of the first bushing positioning assembly is the first bushing positioning rod 6, and the positioning rod of the second bushing positioning assembly is the second bushing positioning rod 10. The rotating seat plate 5 is provided with a mounting seat plate 12, and the rotating seat plate 5 is used to support the mounting seat plate 12. The mounting seat plate 12 is provided with a positioning rod that slides up and down. The positioning rod positions the rotating lever and the parts to be pressed (bushings or spherical bearings) to ensure that the parts to be pressed (bushings or spherical bearings) can be smoothly pressed into the hole of the rotating lever. The mounting seat plate 12 is provided with a second clamping spring 13 that supports the positioning rod upward. When the pressure head descends for press-fitting, the parts to be pressed and the positioning rod descend synchronously, and the pressed parts enter the hole. After the rotating lever is removed from the device, the positioning rod also rises and resets under the action of the spring.

[0035] The upper ends of the positioning rods of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly have similar structures (the sizes may be different), and all include a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion, wherein the small diameter portion is located above the large diameter portion, wherein the large diameter portion is opposite to the hole on the rotating lever, thereby realizing the positioning and placement of the rotating lever on the rotating seat plate, wherein the small diameter portion is opposite to the inner hole of the bushing or the spherical bearing, thereby realizing the positioning and placement of the parts to be pressed, and at this time, the outer ring of the bushing or the spherical bearing is opposite to the hole on the rotating lever, waiting for the bushing or the spherical bearing to be pressed into the hole.

[0036] The rotating seat plate 5 is provided with a seat plate hole, and the mounting seat plate 12 is fixed in the seat plate hole by interference fit. The rotating seat plate 5 lifts the side edge of the mounting seat plate 12 to achieve the support and limit of the rotating seat plate 5 on the mounting seat plate 12. The mounting seat plate 12 is provided with a guide groove with an opening facing upward, and the positioning rod is arranged in the guide groove to slide up and down to achieve the upward and downward sliding of the positioning rod. The lower end of the positioning rod is integrally provided with a guide rod, and the second compression spring 13 is sleeved on the guide rod. The third screw rod 14 passes through the mounting seat plate 12 upward and is connected to the guide rod to prevent the positioning rod from falling out of the guide groove.

[0037] The rotating seat plate 5 is provided with a protective sleeve 4, which is fixed to the bottom of the rotating seat plate 5 by a second bolt 11. The protective sleeve 4 is sleeved and fitted on the outside of the mounting seat plate 12 to protect the positioning assembly. Affected by the weight of the workpiece itself, the rotating seat plate 5 is prone to slight tilt during rotation, resulting in a collision between the movable pad 3 and the protective sleeve 4, so a gap of about 3.5 mm is set between the two.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A press-fitting device includes a machine body and a pressing head that moves up and down, and also includes the pressing tooling of Example 1. The support seat plate 1 is fixed on the machine body, and the pressing head is located above the support pad assembly. The pressing head is a detachable pressing head.

[0040] The press-fitting equipment uses an existing pneumatic press machine in conjunction with a special press head, which is installed above the positioning rod. The press-fitting equipment can drive the press head to move downward to provide a downward press force to the positioning rod. When press-fitting different bushings, you only need to replace the press head, which is convenient and quick.

[0041] The workflow of this application is as follows: place the rotating lever in the direction of the tooling mark, ensure that the mounting hole is sunk into the large diameter of the positioning rod, apply an appropriate amount of grease on the bearing and place it on the small diameter of the positioning rod, install the matching pressure head, and start the pneumatic press equipment to complete the press fitting. Turn the rotating seat plate until the protective sleeve is roughly flush with the axis of the movable pad, and repeat the above steps to press the bushing.

[0042] The aforementioned basic examples and their further selected examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed for protection in this application. In the scheme of this application, each selected example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic examples and selected examples.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A press-fitting tool, comprising a support base plate (1), characterized in that: The support seat plate (1) is provided with a support pad assembly, the support seat plate (1) is provided with a support shaft (16), the support shaft (16) is provided with a rotating seat plate (5) that rotates along a vertical axis through a rotating assembly, the rotating seat plate (5) is provided with a first bushing positioning assembly, a second bushing positioning assembly and a joint bearing positioning assembly that can move up and down, and the rotation paths of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the joint bearing positioning assembly are all located above the support pad assembly.

2. The press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support cushion assembly comprises a support column (2) and a movable cushion block (3); the support column (2) is arranged on the support seat plate (1), and the movable cushion block (3) is arranged on the support column (2).

3. The press-fitting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support seat plate (1) is provided with a placement hole, the lower part of the support column (2) is fixed in the placement hole and the lower end extends out of the placement hole, the support seat plate (1) supports the side edge of the support column (2), the support column (2) is provided with a placement groove with an opening facing upward, the movable pad (3) is located in the placement groove and has a gap with the bottom of the groove, the support column (2) supports the side edge of the movable pad (3), and the center of the support column (2) and the movable pad (3) is provided with a through hole along the axis.

4. The press-fitting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises a bearing pad (8), a first compression spring (9), a first bearing (15), a support shaft (16), a tray (18) and a second bearing (19); a support shaft (16) is provided on the support seat plate (1); the first bearing (15), the tray (18) and the second bearing (19) are sleeved on the support shaft (16); a bearing pad (8) is provided at the upper end of the support shaft (16); a first compression spring (9) is provided between the first bearing (15) and the lower end of the tray (18); a second bearing (19) is provided between the upper end of the tray (18) and the bearing pad (8); and the tray (18) is connected to the rotating seat plate (5).

5. The press-fitting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support shaft (16) is provided with a mounting step, the first bearing (15) is arranged on the mounting step, the tray (18) is provided with a bearing groove with an opening facing upward, the second bearing (19) and the bearing pad (8) are both located in the bearing groove, the rotating seat plate (5) is provided with a tray hole, the tray (18) is fixed in the tray hole, and the supporting edge of the tray (18) supports the rotating seat plate (5).

6. The press-fitting tool according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: At least one of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly comprises a positioning rod, a mounting seat plate (12) and a second clamping spring (13); a mounting seat plate (12) is provided on the rotating seat plate (5); a positioning rod that slides up and down is provided on the mounting seat plate (12); and a second clamping spring (13) that supports the positioning rod upward is provided on the mounting seat plate (12).

7. The press-fitting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper ends of the positioning rods of the first bushing positioning assembly, the second bushing positioning assembly and the spherical bearing positioning assembly include a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion, and the small diameter portion is located above the large diameter portion.

8. The press-fitting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating seat plate (5) is provided with a seat plate hole, the mounting seat plate (12) is fixed in the seat plate hole, the rotating seat plate (5) lifts the side edge of the mounting seat plate (12), the mounting seat plate (12) is provided with a guide groove with an opening facing upward, the positioning rod slides up and down in the guide groove, the lower end of the positioning rod is provided with a guide rod, the second clamping spring (13) is sleeved on the guide rod, the rotating seat plate (5) is provided with a protective sleeve (4), and the protective sleeve (4) is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting seat plate (12).

9. A press-fitting device, comprising a machine body and a pressing head movable up and down, characterized in that: It also comprises the pressing tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the support seat plate (1) is fixed on the machine body, and the pressing head is located above the support pad assembly.

10. The press-fitting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressure head is a detachable pressure head.

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