Carrying clamp and carrying method for train wheels

Abstract

The invention relates to a carrying clamp and a carrying method for train wheels. The carrying clamp for the train wheels comprises a three-way driving mechanism and a carrying mechanism, the output end of the three-way driving mechanism is connected with the carrying mechanism, and the three-way driving mechanism is used for driving the carrying mechanism to move in a three-dimensional space; the carrying mechanism comprises a fixing frame, a carrying module and a transverse driving module, the carrying module comprises two carrying supports arranged on the fixing frame in a sliding mode, the output end of the transverse driving module is connected with the two carrying supports, and the transverse driving module is used for driving the two carrying supports to move towards or away from each other; each carrying support is provided with a clamping arm capable of rotating relative to the carrying support, and the clamping arms are used for clamping wheels. Through the arrangement, the whole wheel can be clamped and transferred without manual operation, so that the working efficiency is improved, the field management difficulty is reduced, and the safety problem caused by improper operation of workers is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transporting fixtures, and in particular to a transporting fixture and a transporting method for railway wheels. Background Art

[0002] Train wheels are one of the most important parts of a train and need to be replaced or repaired after running for a period of time. However, the weight of a single train wheel can be as high as 300kg. It is large in size and has a heavy load, which makes it very inconvenient to transport. At present, the transportation of train wheels is often done by manual operation, but the manual operation method has the problems of low efficiency, difficult on-site management, and safety risks caused by improper operation of workers. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a handling fixture and a handling method for train wheels to address the problem that the current handling of train wheels is not intelligent enough.

[0004] A handling fixture for railway wheels, comprising a three-way driving mechanism and a handling mechanism, wherein:

[0005] The output end of the three-way driving mechanism is connected to the transport mechanism, and the three-way driving mechanism is used to drive the transport mechanism to move in three-dimensional space;

[0006] The transport mechanism includes a fixed frame, a transport module and a transverse driving module. The transport module includes two transport brackets slidably arranged on the fixed frame. The output end of the transverse driving module is connected to the two transport brackets. The transverse driving module is used to drive the two transport brackets to move toward or away from each other. Each of the transport brackets is equipped with a clamping arm that can rotate relative to itself, and the clamping arm is used to clamp the wheel.

[0007] In one embodiment, the transport module further includes a first linear guide rail extending in a first direction and a first slider matched with the first linear guide rail, the first linear guide rail is mounted on the fixed frame, and the two transport brackets are respectively connected to at least one of the first sliders.

[0008] In one embodiment, the transverse driving module includes an adjusting screw, a first slide, a second slide and a transverse driving member, wherein:

[0009] The adjusting screw has a positive thread section and a negative thread section arranged at intervals;

[0010] The first slide and the second slide are respectively sleeved on the positive thread section and the negative thread section, and the first slide and the second slide are respectively connected to the two transport brackets;

[0011] The output end of the transverse driving member is connected to the adjusting screw and is used to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so as to drive the first slide seat and the second slide seat to move toward or away from each other.

[0012] In one embodiment, the transport module also includes a rotary drive member and a worm gear reducer, the fixed end of the rotary drive member is installed on the transport bracket, the output end of the rotary drive member is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the worm gear reducer is connected to the clamping arm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the clamping arm includes a connecting block and a first limiting arm and a second limiting arm spaced apart from the connecting block, a limiting groove is formed between the first limiting arm and the second limiting arm, and a limiting groove wall of the limiting groove is used to clamp the circumferential contour of the wheel.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, first buffer pads abutting against the circumferential contour of the wheel are provided at both ends of the limiting groove wall along its length direction.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the clamping arm further comprises a limiting support plate, wherein the limiting support plate is arranged on the top of the connecting block, and the limiting support plate has a first end portion arranged opposite to the limiting groove.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the clamping arm further comprises a limiting support plate, wherein the limiting support plate is arranged on the top of the connecting block, and the limiting support plate has a first end portion arranged opposite to the limiting groove.

[0017] The above-mentioned transporting fixture for train wheels drives the transporting mechanism to move in three-dimensional space by setting a three-way driving mechanism, so that the clamping arm in the transporting mechanism can quickly approach the train wheel under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism; drives the two transporting brackets to move toward or away from each other by setting a transverse driving module, so that the clamping arm on the transporting bracket can open and close to clamp the wheel; after clamping the wheel, the clamping arm transports the wheel to a preset place under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism and then releases the wheel through the transverse driving module; and by setting the clamping arm to be rotatably installed on the transporting bracket, the clamping arm can clamp the wheel from various angles and place the wheel at a preset angle. The above-mentioned entire transporting process does not require manual operation, which improves work efficiency, reduces on-site management difficulties, and avoids the problem of safety risks caused by improper operation of workers.

[0018] The present application also provides a method for transporting a railway wheel using the transport fixture described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Provide a horizontal rack, a vertical rack and wheels, wherein the wheels are horizontally arranged on the horizontal rack or vertically arranged on the vertical rack;

[0020] S2. The two clamping arms are driven by the three-way driving mechanism and the lateral driving module to move to clamp the wheel and drive the wheel to move out of the corresponding horizontal rack or the vertical rack;

[0021] S3. After the two clamping arms rotate 90°, the wheels are shifted to the vertical rack or the horizontal rack under the drive of the three-way drive mechanism and the lateral drive module to achieve the transfer of the wheels between the horizontal rack and the vertical rack.

[0022] In one embodiment, in step S2, the following steps are also included:

[0023] When the horizontal rack carries the wheel horizontally, the two clamping arms move to two ends of the center line of the horizontal rack;

[0024] During the process of the two clamping arms moving toward each other, the wheel between the two clamping arms is driven to be aligned so that the center line of the wheel coincides with the center line of the horizontal shelf, and the wheel is clamped;

[0025] The two clamping arms drive the wheels to move out of the corresponding horizontal rack or vertical rack under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a handling fixture for railway wheels provided in the present application.

[0027] FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of FIG. 1 .

[0028] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transport module provided in the present application.

[0029] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal shelf provided in the present application.

[0030] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical shelf provided in the present application.

[0031] FIG6 is a flowchart of the transport method provided in the present application.

[0032] in:

[0033] 10. A handling fixture for a train wheel; 20. A wheel; 30. A horizontal rack; 31. A horizontal bearing surface; 40. A vertical rack; 41. A receiving groove; 42. A partition; a. A first direction; b. A second direction; c. A third direction;

[0034] 100, transport mechanism; 110, lifting buffer module; 111, connecting column; 112, lifting linear guide rail; 113, limit rod;

[0035] 120, fixing frame; 121, bearing plate; 122, limiting frame; 1221, limiting through hole;

[0036] 130, transport module; 131, transport bracket; 1311, mounting plate; 1312, clamping plate; 1313, top plate; 132, clamping arm; 1321, connecting block; 1322, first limiting arm; 1323, second limiting arm; 1324, limiting groove; 1325, first buffer pad; 1326, limiting support plate; 1327, support column; 1328, second buffer pad; 133, first linear guide rail; 134, first slider; 135, rotating drive member;

[0037] 140. Transverse driving module; 141. Adjusting screw; 142. First slide seat; 143. Second slide seat; 144. Transverse driving member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0040] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a handling fixture 10 for train wheels in an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1 . The handling fixture 10 for train wheels provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a three-way drive mechanism and a handling mechanism 100, wherein the output end of the three-way drive mechanism is connected to the handling mechanism 100, and the three-way drive mechanism is used to drive the handling mechanism 100 to move in three-dimensional space. It should be noted that the three-way drive mechanism is a mature technology and will not be elaborated on here. The three-way drive mechanism specifically drives the handling mechanism 100 to move along the first direction a, the second direction b and the third direction c, and the first direction a, the second direction b and the third direction c are perpendicular to each other.

[0045] The transport mechanism 100 includes a fixed frame 120, a transport module 130 and a lateral drive module 140. In a specific configuration, the transport mechanism 100 also includes a lifting buffer module 110. The lifting buffer module 110 includes a connecting column 111, a lifting linear guide rail 112 installed on the connecting column 111, and a lifting slider matched with the lifting linear guide rail 112, wherein the travel of the lifting linear guide rail 112 extends along the third direction c, and the lifting slider is also connected to the fixed frame 120. Through the above configuration, when the three-way drive mechanism drives the transport mechanism 100 to move downward, the fixed frame 120 and other components connected to the fixed frame 120 slowly move downward along the lifting linear guide rail 112 along with the lifting slider, thereby avoiding the clamping arm 132 used for clamping the wheel 20 from moving downward quickly to generate excessive force on the wheel, and also avoiding the clamping arm 132 from having rigid interference with other components when it moves downward.

[0046] The transport module 130 includes two transport brackets 131 slidably arranged on the fixed frame 120. The output end of the transverse driving module 140 is connected to the two transport brackets 131. The transverse driving module 140 is used to drive the two transport brackets 131 to move toward or away from each other. Each transport bracket 131 is equipped with a clamping arm 132 that can rotate relative to itself, and the clamping arm 132 is used to clamp the wheel 20.

[0047] The above-mentioned transport fixture 10 for train wheels drives the transport mechanism 100 to move in three-dimensional space by setting a three-way driving mechanism, so that the clamping arm 132 in the transport mechanism 100 can quickly approach the train wheel 20 under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism; the two transport brackets 131 are driven to move toward or away from each other by setting a transverse driving module 140, so that the clamping arm 132 on the transport bracket 131 can open and close to clamp the wheel 20; after clamping the wheel 20, the clamping arm 132 transports the wheel 20 to a preset place under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism and then releases the wheel 20 through the transverse driving module 140; and by setting the clamping arm 132 to be rotatably installed on the transport bracket 131, the clamping arm 132 can clamp the wheel 20 from various angles and place the wheel 20 at a preset angle. The above-mentioned entire transport process does not require manual operation, which improves the work efficiency, reduces the difficulty of on-site management, and avoids the problem that improper operation of workers easily causes safety risks.

[0048] In order to facilitate the sliding of the transport bracket 131 on the fixed frame 120, in a preferred embodiment, the transport module 130 further includes a first linear guide 133 extending along the first direction a, a first slider 134 adapted to the first linear guide 133, the first linear guide 133 is installed on the fixed frame 120, and the two transport brackets 131 are respectively connected with at least one first slider 134. In the specific setting, the fixed frame 120 includes a bearing plate 121 and a limiting frame 122 arranged on the bearing plate 121, the first linear guide 133 is arranged on the side of the bearing plate 121 away from the limiting frame 122, the limiting frame 122 is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting column 111, the lifting linear guide 112 and the lifting slider are arranged between the limiting frame 122 and the connecting column 111, and in order to limit the lifting range, a limiting rod 113 is also arranged on the connecting column 111, and a limiting through hole 1221 for accommodating the limiting rod 113 is opened on the limiting frame 122.

[0049] In order to intelligently realize that the two transport brackets 131 can move toward or away from each other, specifically, the transverse driving module 140 includes an adjusting screw 141 , a first sliding seat 142 , a second sliding seat 143 and a transverse driving member 144 . The adjusting screw 141 has a positive thread segment and a negative thread segment arranged at intervals. In the specific setting, the positive thread segment and the negative thread segment are symmetrically arranged about the midpoint of the adjusting screw 141; the first slide 142 and the second slide 143 are respectively sleeved on the positive thread segment and the negative thread segment, and the first slide 142 and the second slide 143 are respectively connected to the two transport brackets 131; the output end of the transverse driving member 144 is connected to the adjusting screw 141 and is used to drive the adjusting screw 141 to rotate, so as to drive the first slide 142 and the second slide 143 on the adjusting screw 141 to move toward or away from each other, so that the two transport brackets 131 connected to the first slide 142 and the second slide 143 move toward or away from each other, thereby driving the two clamping arms 132 arranged on the two transport brackets 131 to move toward or away from each other to clamp or release the wheel 20 accordingly. It should be emphasized that the transverse drive member 144 is preferably a servo motor, and the adjustment screw 141 is preferably a forward and reverse trapezoidal lead screw. The trapezoidal lead screw has a self-locking function and can achieve self-locking in the event of an abnormal power outage and will not continue to move.

[0050] As shown in FIG3 , FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the transport module 130 in an embodiment of the present application. In order to more conveniently realize that the clamping arm 132 is rotatably mounted on the transport bracket 131, a preferred embodiment is that the transport module 130 also includes a rotary drive member 135 and a worm gear reducer. The fixed end of the rotary drive member 135 is mounted on the transport bracket 131, and the output end of the rotary drive member 135 is connected to the worm gear reducer, and the worm gear reducer is connected to the clamping arm 132. It should be emphasized that each clamping arm 132 is equipped with a worm gear reducer and a rotary drive member 135. The rotary drive members 135 corresponding to the two clamping arms 132 are servo motors, and the dual servo motors synchronously control the rotation of the clamping arm 132. In the specific setting, the transport bracket 131 includes a mounting plate 1311 and a clamping plate 1312 arranged on opposite sides of the mounting plate 1311, and a accommodating space is formed between the two clamping plates 1312. The rotating driving member 135 is arranged on the mounting plate 1311 and is located in the accommodating space. The transport bracket 131 also includes a top plate 1313. The three adjacent side walls of the top plate 1313 are correspondingly connected to the mounting plate 1311 and the two clamping plates 1312, and at least one first slider 134 is arranged on the top plate 1313.

[0051] In order to design the clamping arm 132 more conveniently, in a preferred embodiment, the clamping arm 132 includes a connecting block 1321 and a first limiting arm 1322 and a second limiting arm 1323 spaced apart from the connecting block 1321, a limiting groove 1324 is formed between the first limiting arm 1322 and the second limiting arm 1323, and the limiting groove wall of the limiting groove 1324 is used to clamp the circumferential contour of the wheel 20. In the specific setting, the limiting groove 1324 is preferably in a V-shaped or U-shaped structure. In order to avoid damage to the wheel 20 when clamping the wheel 20, specifically, the limiting groove wall is provided with a first buffer pad 1325 abutting against the circumferential contour of the wheel 20 at both ends along its own length direction.

[0052] In order to strengthen the clamping of the wheel 20, specifically, the clamping arm 132 further includes a limiting plate 1326, which is arranged on the top of the connecting block 1321, and has a first end portion arranged opposite to the limiting groove 1324, and the first end portion abuts against the surface of the wheel 20. In a specific configuration, the clamping arm 132 further includes a support column 1327, one end of which is arranged on the top of the connecting block 1321, and the other end of which is connected to the limiting plate 1326, and a second buffer pad 1328 is arranged on the side of the first end portion facing the support column 1327, and the second buffer pad 1328 abuts against the surface of the wheel 20.

[0053] In combination with Figures 4 and 5, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal rack 30 provided by the present application, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical rack 40 provided by the present application. At present, in the process of transporting the wheel 20, the wheel 20 is usually transferred between the horizontal rack 30 and the vertical rack 40, and correspondingly, the wheel 20 is also switched between the horizontal state and the vertical state. In order to facilitate the transfer of the wheel 20, in combination with Figure 6, Figure 4 is a flowchart of the transport method provided in an embodiment of the present application. An embodiment of the present application also provides a transport method using the transport fixture 10 for train wheels described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step S1, providing a horizontal rack 30, a vertical rack 40 and a wheel 20, wherein the wheel 20 is horizontally arranged on the horizontal rack 30 or vertically arranged on the vertical rack 40, and it should be noted that the top of the horizontal rack is a horizontal bearing surface 31, and the horizontal bearing surface 31 is used to bear the horizontally arranged wheel 20, and the vertical rack 40 has a plurality of vertical accommodating grooves 41 arranged at intervals, and the vertical accommodating grooves 41 accommodate the vertically arranged wheel 20;

[0055] Step S2, the two clamping arms 132 clamp the wheel 20 under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism and the transverse driving module 140, and then drive the wheel 20 to move out of the corresponding horizontal rack 30 or vertical rack 40 through the three-way driving mechanism. In the specific operation, the two clamping arms 132 move down to the wheel 20 under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism and the action of the lifting buffer module 110, and clamp the wheel 20 under the drive of the transverse driving module 140, and then drive the wheel 20 to move out of the corresponding horizontal rack 30 or vertical rack 40 through the three-way driving mechanism;

[0056] Step S3, after the two clamping arms 132 rotate 90°, the two clamping arms 132, driven by the three-way driving mechanism and the lateral driving module 140, replace the wheel 20 to the vertical rack 40 or the horizontal rack 30 to achieve the vertical transfer of the wheel 20 between the horizontal rack 30 and the vertical rack 40.

[0057] The above-mentioned transport method is to clamp the wheel by setting two clamping arms under the drive of the three-way drive mechanism and the transverse drive module, and then drive the wheel 20 to move out of the corresponding horizontal shelf 30 or vertical shelf 40 through the three-way drive mechanism to facilitate the subsequent transfer of the wheel 20 to a preset location; by setting the two clamping arms 132 to rotate 90°, the horizontal and vertical states of the wheel 20 can be switched, so that the two clamping arms 132 can subsequently shift the wheel 20 to the vertical shelf 40 or the horizontal shelf 30 under the drive of the three-way drive mechanism and the transverse drive module 140 to realize the transfer of the wheel 20 between the horizontal shelf 30 and the vertical shelf 40.

[0058] It should be noted that when the wheel 20 is transferred to the horizontal rack 30 through other mechanisms, the center line of the wheel 20 and the horizontal rack 30 will be offset, which makes it difficult for the clamping arm 132 to stably clamp the wheel 20. Based on this, in order for the clamping arm 132 to smoothly clamp the wheel 20, a preferred embodiment, in step S2, also includes the following steps: when the horizontal rack 30 horizontally carries the wheel 20, the two clamping arms 132 move to the two ends of the center line of the horizontal rack 30, and the center line of the horizontal rack 30 can be a center line extending along the first direction a, or a center line extending along the second direction b, and the limiting groove 1324 between the first limiting arm 1322 and the second limiting arm 1323 in the clamping arm 132 is opposite to the part on the horizontal plane. The wheel 20 is separated; during the process of the two clamping arms 132 moving toward each other, the wheel 20 is driven to be aligned so that the center line of the wheel 20 coincides with the center line of the horizontal shelf 30, and the wheel 20 is clamped. The above-mentioned arrangement realizes the correction and alignment of the wheel 20 so as to clamp the wheel 20 more firmly. Specifically, the wheel 20 is aligned under the guidance of the limiting groove wall of the limiting groove 1324; then the two clamping arms 132 drive the wheel 20 out of the corresponding horizontal shelf 30 or vertical shelf 40 under the drive of the three-way drive mechanism.

[0059] It should be emphasized that when the vertical rack 40 accommodates the wheel 20, the wheel 20 cannot remain completely vertical. The wheel 20 is generally tilted in the accommodating groove 41 and abuts against the partition 42 in the vertical rack 40. In order to conveniently correct the tilted wheel 20 so that the clamping arm 132 can firmly clamp the wheel 20, during specific operation, the two clamping arms 132 are driven by the three-way driving mechanism, the lifting buffer module 110 and the lateral driving module 140 to abut against the surface of the wheel 20 close to the partition 42, and then the three-way driving mechanism drives the clamping arm 132 to drive the wheel 20 to move in a direction away from the partition 42 to straighten the wheel 20, and then the clamping arm 132 rotates so that the clamping arm 132 extends along the third direction c to ensure the vertical state, and the wheel 20 in the vertical state is also clamped during the rotation process. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the deviation correction process, each component in the present application is made of high-rigidity material to ensure the high rigidity of each component.

[0060] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0061] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A handling fixture for railway wheels, characterized in that: The handling fixture for railway wheels comprises a three-way driving mechanism and a handling mechanism, wherein: The output end of the three-way driving mechanism is connected to the transport mechanism, and the three-way driving mechanism is used to drive the transport mechanism to move in three-dimensional space; The transport mechanism includes a fixed frame, a transport module and a transverse driving module. The transport module includes two transport brackets slidably arranged on the fixed frame. The output end of the transverse driving module is connected to the two transport brackets. The transverse driving module is used to drive the two transport brackets to move toward or away from each other. Each of the transport brackets is equipped with a clamping arm that can rotate relative to itself, and the clamping arm is used to clamp the wheel.

2. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport module further includes a first linear guide rail with a stroke extending along a first direction and a first slide block matched with the first linear guide rail. The first linear guide rail is installed on the fixing frame, and the two transport brackets are respectively connected to at least one of the first slide blocks.

3. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse driving module includes an adjusting screw, a first slide, a second slide and a transverse driving member, wherein: The adjusting screw has a positive thread section and a negative thread section arranged at intervals; The first slide and the second slide are respectively sleeved on the positive thread section and the negative thread section, and the first slide and the second slide are respectively connected to the two transport brackets; The output end of the transverse driving member is connected to the adjusting screw and is used to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, so as to drive the first slide seat and the second slide seat to move toward or away from each other.

4. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport module also includes a rotary drive and a worm gear reducer. The fixed end of the rotary drive is installed on the transport bracket. The output end of the rotary drive is connected to the worm gear reducer. The worm gear reducer is connected to the clamping arm.

5. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping arm includes a connecting block and a first limiting arm and a second limiting arm spaced apart from the connecting block, a limiting groove is formed between the first limiting arm and the second limiting arm, and a limiting groove wall of the limiting groove is used to clamp the circumferential contour of the wheel.

6. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the limiting groove wall along its length direction are provided with first buffer pads that abut against the circumferential contour of the wheel.

7. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping arm further comprises a limiting support plate, which is arranged on the top of the connecting block, and has a first end portion which is arranged opposite to the limiting groove.

8. The handling fixture for railway wheels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping arm also includes a support column, one end of which is arranged on the top of the connecting block, and the other end of the support column is connected to the limiting support plate. A second buffer pad is arranged on the side of the first end facing the support column, and the second buffer pad abuts against the surface of the wheel.

9. A method for transporting a railway wheel using the transport fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Provide a horizontal rack, a vertical rack and wheels, wherein the wheels are horizontally arranged on the horizontal rack or vertically arranged on the vertical rack; S2. The two clamping arms are driven by the three-way driving mechanism and the lateral driving module to move to clamp the wheel and drive the wheel to move out of the corresponding horizontal rack or the vertical rack; S3. After the two clamping arms rotate 90°, the wheels are shifted to the vertical rack or the horizontal rack under the drive of the three-way drive mechanism and the lateral drive module to achieve the transfer of the wheels between the horizontal rack and the vertical rack.

10. The transport method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the following steps are also included: When the horizontal rack carries the wheel horizontally, the two clamping arms move to two ends of the center line of the horizontal rack; During the process of the two clamping arms moving toward each other, the wheel between the two clamping arms is driven to be aligned so that the center line of the wheel coincides with the center line of the horizontal shelf, and the wheel is clamped; The two clamping arms drive the wheels to move out of the corresponding horizontal rack or vertical rack under the drive of the three-way driving mechanism.

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