Ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding of metal surfaces

Abstract

The application discloses an ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces, and a management method thereof, which comprises the following steps: S1, material preparation, S2, setting the ion furnace, S3, carburizing and nitriding, S4, ion furnace detection, S5, cooling operation, and S6, waste gas and waste water recovery. Before starting work, the staff adjusts the ion furnace, checks whether the instrument is damaged and clean, so that the normal work is not affected, then adjusts whether the temperature, pressure and atmosphere composition of the instrument can work normally, then sets the temperature, time and pressure in the equipment through the external controller according to the metal characteristics of stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, when the stainless steel, steel and copper alloy are alternately carburized and nitrided, the corresponding mode is selected through the controller, the time, pressure and temperature parameters required by the staff can be quickly adjusted, and therefore the work efficiency and accuracy of the metal carburizing and nitriding are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of ion furnace heat treatment, in particular to an ion furnace heat treatment process for metal surface carburizing and nitriding. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ion furnace heat treatment process for metal surface carburizing and nitriding is a commonly used metal surface treatment method, which can improve the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of metals. The process usually places metal samples in an atmosphere containing carbon or nitrogen and heats them in an ion furnace. In the ion furnace, the metal samples are first heated to a certain temperature, and then the carbon or nitrogen atoms are penetrated into the metal surface by bombarding the metal surface with carbon or nitrogen ions in the ion beam. In this way, a surface layer with high hardness, high wear resistance and high corrosion resistance is formed. This process can be used for various metal materials, including steel, aluminum alloy, etc. Therefore, the original operation is troublesome and complex, and manual adjustment of temperature, pressure and time parameters of the equipment according to metal materials is required, which cannot meet the huge workload now. The specific manifestations are as follows:

[0003] (1) When different metals are subjected to carburizing and nitriding heat treatment, the temperature, pressure and heat treatment time of the ion furnace need to be changed according to the properties of different metals. Therefore, the parameters need to be changed every time different metals are subjected to heat treatment, which reduces the work efficiency of metal heat treatment; (2) After metal heat treatment, the metal needs to be cooled and cooled down, resulting in a large amount of heat loss and waste, which increases the energy consumption of the equipment and the use cost of the ion furnace; (3) During the carburizing and nitriding heat treatment of metals, a large amount of wastewater and waste gas is generated during the cleaning and cooling of the metal and the heating process, which directly discharged can pollute the natural environment and reduce the environmental performance of the equipment. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding of metal surfaces to solve the problems existing in the current metal heat treatment process as described in the background art, which are (1) when different metals are subjected to carburizing and nitriding heat treatment, the temperature, pressure and heat treatment time of the ion furnace need to be changed according to the properties of the metals, so that the parameters need to be changed many times each time the heat treatment of different metals is performed, which reduces the work efficiency of metal heat treatment; (2) after the metal heat treatment, the metal needs to be cooled and cooled, which results in a large amount of heat loss and waste, thus causing energy waste of the equipment and increasing the use cost of the ion furnace; (3) when the metal is subjected to carburizing and nitriding heat treatment, a large amount of wastewater and waste gas is easily produced during the cleaning and cooling of the metal and the heating process, which directly discharged can easily pollute the natural environment, thus reducing the environmental performance of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding of metal surfaces, the treatment process comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, material preparation

[0007] 1, preselected material, stainless steel, steel and copper alloy; 2, material purchase, determine the purchase quantity; 3, material pretreatment, ① metal material cleaning, ② metal material polishing, ③ metal material preheating;

[0008] S2, setting the ion furnace

[0009] 1, debugging the ion furnace; ① check the instrument, ② adjust the temperature, pressure, and parameter of the atmosphere composition; 2, set the ion furnace, ① set the temperature required for stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, the temperature range is 550-1100℃, ② set the pressure required for stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, the pressure range is 1-10atm, ③ set the heating time required for stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, the heat treatment time is 2h-10h, 3, adopt multiple heating methods, electric heating rod and laser heater, 4, start safety protection, overheat protection and short circuit protection.

[0010] S3, carburizing and nitriding

[0011] 1, adding hydrocarbons for carburizing, using CH4 for carburizing, 2, adding N2 for nitriding, 3, increasing the effect of carburizing and nitriding, using gas diffusion pump and high temperature heat pipe equipment.

[0012] S4, ion furnace detection

[0013] 1. High-precision sensor, 2. Collecting ion furnace atmosphere composition, temperature and pressure parameters, 3. Installing alarm, when the parameter exceeds the set value, alarm, 4. Recording parameter data, ① backup data, ② analyzing data, ③ optimizing electronic furnace temperature, pressure, atmosphere composition parameters.

[0014] S5, cooling operation

[0015] 1. Multiple cooling methods, ① liquid rapid coolant, ② air cooling, 2. Preheating recovery, using heat exchanger.

[0016] S6, waste gas and waste water recovery

[0017] 1. Waste gas collection, using waste gas recovery device, 2. Waste water collection, using waste water collection device, 3. Waste water and waste gas purification, waste gas is adsorbed, oxidized and desulfurized, waste water is precipitated, oxidized and filtered.

[0018] Preferably, the stainless steel carburizing and nitriding temperature is 1100℃, the pressure is 1.5atm, and the time is 7h.

[0019] Preferably, the steel carburizing temperature is 950℃, the steel nitriding temperature is 600℃, the pressure is 2.5atm, and the time is 8h.

[0020] Preferably, the copper alloy carburizing temperature is 900℃, the copper alloy nitriding temperature is 650℃, the pressure is 2atm, and the time is 6.5h.

[0021] Preferably, the power of the ion furnace is calculated as follows: X = AD x 106 x 1.6 x 10^-19.

[0022] Preferably, X is the power (unit: watt), A is the voltage (volt), D is the current (ampere), and 1.6 x 10^-19 is the charge element.

[0023] Preferably, the voltage of the ion furnace is 1000V, the power is from 50 to 300kW, and the frequency is from 800 to 1000Hz.

[0024] Preferably, the ion furnace uses pulse power, and the arc extinguishing speed is fast (10-60us).

[0025] Preferably, the ion furnace uses a vacuum furnace body, and the specifications of the vacuum furnace body are: power 25-500kW, vacuum furnace chamber diameter 700-1700mm, height 800-4000mm.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0027] The present application is before the work begins, the staff to ion furnace debugging, check whether the instrument is damaged and cleanliness, so as to not affect the normal work, then adjust the temperature and pressure and atmosphere composition of the instrument can work normally, then through the metal characteristics of stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, through the external controller temperature time and pressure in the equipment are set, in the stainless steel, steel and copper alloy are alternately carburizing and nitriding work, through the controller to select the corresponding mode, can quickly adjust to the time pressure temperature parameters required by the staff, so as to improve the work efficiency and accuracy of metal carburizing and nitriding.

[0028] The present application is after the heat treatment process of metal material carburizing and nitriding, through the liquid rapid cooling agent and air cooling effect of ion furnace rapid cooling, then through the ion furnace heat exchanger is installed, when the metal material is heat treated, the excess heat is recovered, and when the ion furnace and metal material are cooled, the heat is recovered, so that the excess heat is collected during the heat treatment of ion furnace, reduces the heat loss, reduces the use cost of ion furnace heat treatment.

[0029] The present application is in the process of ion furnace heat treatment, through the waste gas recovery device and waste water collection device to recover the waste gas and waste water, then through the adsorption oxidation desulfurization combustion way to purify the waste gas, reach the emission standard, then through the precipitation oxidation filter physical to purify the waste water, so that the waste water can reach the emission standard, so that the waste gas and waste water emission, will not cause damage to the environment, improve the environmental protection degree in the process of ion furnace heat treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The flow chart of the heat treatment process of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0031] Figure 2 The parameter diagram of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0032] Figure 3 The debugging part of the ion furnace in the present application is shown in the figure;

[0033] Figure 4 The running part of the ion furnace in the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Embodiment one:

[0036] Please refer to the figure, a kind of ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding of metal surface, its management method includes the following steps:

[0037] S1, material preparation

[0038] 1, preselected material, stainless steel, steel and copper alloy; 2, material purchase, determine the purchase quantity; 3, material pretreatment, ① metal material cleaning, ② metal material polishing, ③ metal material preheating, before the start of heat treatment, preselected stainless steel, steel and copper alloy materials, then according to the required quantity of purchase of materials, then in the material cleaning effect, to ensure the cleanliness of the material, then the metal material is polished, the surface of the oxidation is polished, which is convenient for carburizing and nitriding of metal, and finally the metal material is preheated, which is convenient for subsequent heat treatment work;

[0039] S2, set ion furnace

[0040] 1, debugging ion furnace; ① check the instrument, ② adjust the temperature, pressure and atmosphere composition parameters; 2, set ion furnace, ① set the temperature required for stainless steel, steel and copper alloy respectively, the temperature range is 550 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃, ② set the pressure required for stainless steel, steel and copper alloy respectively, the pressure range is 1-10 atm, ③ set the heating time required for stainless steel, steel and copper alloy respectively, the heat treatment time is 2h-10h, 3, adopt multiple heating methods, electric heating rod and laser heater, 4, start safety protection, overheat protection and short circuit protection, before the work starts, the staff debugs the ion furnace, checks whether the instrument is damaged and the cleanliness, so as not to affect the normal work, then adjusts whether the temperature, pressure and atmosphere composition instruments can work normally, then through the metal characteristics of stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, the temperature, time and pressure in the equipment are set through the external controller, when the stainless steel, steel and copper alloy are alternately carburized and nitrided, the corresponding mode is selected through the controller, which can quickly adjust the time, pressure and temperature parameters required by the staff, so as to improve the work efficiency and accuracy of metal carburizing and nitriding, then through the point heating rod and laser heater, the metal can be heated faster and the heating effect is better, and through the overheat protection and short circuit protection, the safety of ion furnace use can be improved.

[0041] S3, carburizing and nitriding

[0042] 1、adding hydrocarbons for carburization, using CH4 for carburization, 2, adding N2 for nitriding, 3, increasing the effect of carburization and nitriding, using gas diffusion pump and high temperature heat pipe equipment, using gas diffusion pump to add CH4 and N2 to ion furnace, which can carburize and nitride metal materials, and through the gas diffusion pump, the area and speed of CH4 and N2 contacting with metal can be accelerated and expanded, thereby improving the quality of carburization and nitriding.

[0043] S4, ion furnace detection

[0044] 1, using high-precision sensors, 2, collecting ion furnace atmosphere composition, temperature and pressure parameters, 3, installing alarm, when the parameter exceeds the set value, alarm, 4, recording parameter data, ① backup data, ② analyze data, ③ optimize the parameters of electronic furnace temperature, pressure and atmosphere composition, install high-precision and high-temperature-resistant sensors on the ion furnace, which can accurately check the ion furnace atmosphere composition temperature and pressure, and facilitate real-time viewing by workers, then install alarm on the ion furnace, which can alarm when the ion furnace temperature and pressure exceed the set value, which is convenient for workers to adjust the ion furnace, then analyze the recorded data through the external computer, thereby facilitating the optimization of subsequent heat treatment process.

[0045] S5, cooling operation

[0046] 1, using multiple cooling methods, ① liquid rapid coolant, ② air cooling, 2, preheating recovery, using heat exchanger, after the heat treatment process of carburizing and nitriding metal materials, the ion furnace is rapidly cooled by liquid rapid coolant and air cooling, then the heat exchanger is installed on the ion furnace, and the excess heat is recovered during the heat treatment of metal materials, and the heat is recovered during the cooling of the ion furnace and metal materials, thereby collecting excess heat during the heat treatment of the ion furnace, reducing heat loss and reducing the use cost of ion furnace heat treatment.

[0047] S6, waste gas and wastewater recovery

[0048] 1, waste gas collection, using waste gas recovery device, 2, waste water collection, using waste water collection device, 3, waste water waste gas purification, waste gas is subjected to adsorption oxidation desulfurization purification, waste water is subjected to precipitation oxidation filtration purification, in the ion furnace heat treatment process, through the waste gas recovery device and the waste water collection device, the waste gas and the waste water are recovered, then the waste gas is purified by the adsorption oxidation desulfurization combustion mode, so as to reach the emission standard, then the waste water is purified by the precipitation oxidation filtration, so that the waste water can reach the emission standard, so that the waste gas and the waste water can be discharged without causing damage to the environment, and the environmental protection degree in the ion furnace heat treatment process is improved.

[0049] In this embodiment: the temperature of stainless steel carburizing and nitriding is 1100℃, the pressure is 1.5atm, and the time is 7h.

[0050] In this embodiment: the temperature of steel carburizing is 950℃, the temperature of steel nitriding is 600℃, the pressure is 2.5atm, and the time is 8h.

[0051] In this embodiment: the temperature of copper alloy carburizing is 900℃, the temperature of copper alloy nitriding is 650℃, the pressure is 2atm, and the time is 6.5h.

[0052] In this embodiment: the power calculation formula of the ion furnace is as follows: X=AD x 106x 1.6x 10^-19.

[0053] In this embodiment: X is the power (unit: watt), A is the voltage (volt), D is the current (ampere), and 1.6x10^-19 is the charge element.

[0054] In this embodiment: the voltage of the ion furnace is 1000V, the power is from 50 to 300kW, and the frequency is from 800 to 1000Hz.

[0055] In this embodiment: the ion furnace adopts pulse power supply, and the arc extinguishing speed is fast (10-60μs).

[0056] In this embodiment: the ion furnace adopts a vacuum furnace body, and the specifications of the vacuum furnace body are as follows: power 25-500kW, vacuum furnace chamber diameter 700-1700mm, and height 800-4000mm.

[0057] Example two:

[0058] As shown in the figure, different from example one, the ion furnace heat treatment process for metal surface carburizing and nitriding in this embodiment has a management method, which includes the following steps:

[0059] S1, carburizing pretreatment is performed on the metal link ring, and the operation of carburizing pretreatment includes grinding, cleaning and normalizing.

[0060] S2, the treated metal chain ring is placed in the ion furnace, heated to 850 ℃ under normal pressure, and then acetylene gas is quickly injected into the furnace to adjust the stable pressure to 300 Pa. At this time, the temperature is raised to 930 ℃ for the first carburizing, and the carburizing time is 2-3 h. Then, nitrogen gas is injected after rapid pumping, and then adjusted to a stable pressure of 70 Pa for the first diffusion, and the diffusion time is 4-5 h.

[0061] S3, cooling operation

[0062] 1. Multiple cooling methods are used, ① liquid rapid coolant, ② air cooling. After the heat treatment process of carburizing and nitriding of the metal material, the ion furnace is quickly cooled by liquid rapid coolant and air cooling.

[0063] S4, the treated metal chain ring is placed in the ion furnace, and 38-40 drops of self-made rare earth methanol salt solution are added. After nitrogen is introduced, the temperature is raised to 520 ℃ for 5-7 h for nitriding, and then the temperature is lowered to room temperature. The obtained metal chain ring is subjected to surface carburizing and nitriding.

[0064] In summary: compared with example two, the ion furnace can be debugged by the staff before the work starts, and the instrument is checked for damage and cleanliness, so as not to affect the normal work. Then, whether the instruments for adjusting temperature, pressure and atmosphere composition can work normally is debugged. Then, through the metal characteristics of stainless steel, steel and copper alloy, the temperature, time and pressure in the equipment are set through the external controller. When the stainless steel, steel and copper alloy are alternately carburized and nitrided, the corresponding mode is selected through the controller, and the time, pressure and temperature parameters required by the staff can be quickly adjusted, so as to improve the work efficiency and accuracy of metal carburizing and nitriding.

[0065] It should be noted that, in the present document, the terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces, characterized in that: Its processing technology includes the following steps: S1. Material Preparation The process involves pre-selecting stainless steel, steel, and copper alloy materials, purchasing the required quantities, cleaning the materials, grinding the metal materials, and finally preheating the metal materials. S2, Set up the ion furnace The ion furnace is debugged, and then the temperature, pressure and atmosphere composition instruments are adjusted to see if they can work properly. Then, based on the metal properties of stainless steel, steel and copper alloys, the temperature, time and pressure in the equipment are set through an external controller. When alternating carburizing and nitriding of stainless steel, steel and copper alloys, the corresponding mode is selected through the controller. Then, the metal can be heated through the point heating rod and laser heater. S3, carburizing and nitriding CH4 and N2 are added to the ion furnace by a gas diffusion pump, which also increases the contact area and speed of CH4 and N2 with the metal. S4, Ion Furnace Detection Installing sensors on the ion furnace allows for precise monitoring of the atmosphere composition, temperature, and pressure inside the furnace. Then, by installing an alarm on the ion furnace, an alarm is triggered when the temperature and pressure inside the furnace exceed the set limits. Finally, an external computer analyzes the recorded data. S5, Cooling Operation After the heat treatment process of carburizing and nitriding on the metal material, a heat exchanger is installed through an ion furnace. During the heat treatment of the metal material, excess heat is recovered, and heat is also recovered when the ion furnace and the metal material are cooled. S6. Waste gas and wastewater recovery During the ion furnace heat treatment process, waste gas and wastewater are recovered through a waste gas recovery device and a wastewater collection device, and then adsorption oxidation desulfurization combustion is carried out. Finally, the wastewater is treated physically through precipitation oxidation filtration.

2. The ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel carburizing and nitriding process was carried out at a temperature of 1100℃, a pressure of 1.5 atm, and a time of 7 hours.

3. The ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel was carburized at a temperature of 950°C, nitrided at a temperature of 600°C, under a pressure of 2.5 atm, and for 8 hours.

4. The ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper alloy was carburized at a temperature of 900℃, and nitrided at a temperature of 650℃, with a pressure of 2 atm and a time of 6.5h.

5. The ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion furnace has a voltage of 1000V, a power of 50-300kW, and a frequency of 800-1000Hz.

6. The ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion furnace uses a pulse power supply, which has a fast arc extinguishing speed of 10-60 μs.

7. The ion furnace heat treatment process for carburizing and nitriding metal surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion furnace adopts a vacuum furnace body with the following specifications: power 25-500kW, vacuum furnace chamber diameter 700-1700mm, and height 800-4000mm.

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