Spring horizontal shock isolation mechanism capable of eliminating low-frequency shock
By designing a low -frequency springs horizontal seismic branch, using the springs structure of cross -overlapping sliding board and multi -rooted distribution, solving problems such as the frequency of vibrations in the power equipment in power equipment, and the aging of materials, and achieved more efficient Vibration dissolution and better equipment safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411817675.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
When used in power equipment, existing stacked lead-core rubber support has problems such as mismatch in shock isolation frequency, aging of materials, fatigue of lead core, pollution and poor resetting capabilities, which cannot meet the high requirements of power equipment for vibration removal.
Design a low -frequency spring horizontal seismic support, adopts cross -overlap sliding board and spring structure, through multiple springs distributed springs to achieve larger loads and more gentle vibrations and dissolves, avoiding the traditional support of the traditional branch seat The material aging and pollution, and improve the safety and maintenance through the limiter and protective membrane.
Effectively reduce the vibration affected by the earthquake affected by the earthquake equipment, avoid the problem of not matching the frequency of traditional branches, aging materials, and pollution, and achieve more efficient vibration dissolution and better equipment safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN119373835A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention discloses a spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanism for eliminating low-frequency vibration, which relates to a seismic isolation buffer support suitable for large-scale electric power equipment. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of the economy, the requirements for power grids are becoming higher and higher. A lot of ground equipment with large weight and size need to be applied in the power grid networking. In order to ensure long-term stable operation of such equipment, it is necessary to effectively eliminate various vibrations generated by the ground, so it is necessary to install seismic isolation bearings underneath it.
[0003] Existing seismic isolation bearings are mainly used for seismic isolation and cushioning of overweight buildings such as houses and viaducts. When an earthquake occurs, they isolate the seismic energy to ensure the safety of equipment or buildings during the earthquake. When used for infrastructure such as viaducts, they can also dissipate the vibrations generated by vehicle movement and increase the service life of the building.
[0004] However, power equipment is different from these application scenarios. First, although power equipment is large in size and weight, it is far from comparable to overweight buildings and viaducts, so there is no need to set such a large limit load. Second, power equipment often contains many more sophisticated electrical equipment, which are more sensitive to vibrations and need to be more thoroughly eliminated.
[0005] Among the existing seismic isolation bearings, the most common one is the laminated lead rubber bearing; it is widely used for seismic isolation and buffering of overweight buildings such as houses and viaducts. When vibration occurs on the ground, the laminated lead rubber bearing provides energy dissipation through the reciprocating plastic deformation of the lead core. However, for seismic isolation of power equipment, the laminated lead rubber bearing still has the following problems:
[0006] 1. The current laminated lead rubber bearings are designed for seismic isolation of building structures. They have the characteristics of large load-bearing capacity, while the gravity load of power equipment is much lower than that of building structures. Therefore, the use of laminated lead rubber bearings for power equipment will lead to the problem of high seismic isolation frequency mismatch;
[0007] 2. Rubber has a limited lifespan and is prone to aging and corrosion when exposed to air;
[0008] 3. The fatigue life of the lead core is limited and it will be damaged after long-term reciprocating motion;
[0009] 4. Lead itself is a highly polluting heavy metal. It will affect the health of production personnel during production, and the installation will pollute the surrounding environment;
[0010] 5. Although the rubber in the laminated lead-rubber bearing has a certain elasticity, its reset ability is general after a large deformation occurs, and there is still a certain residual deformation, which makes it impossible for the power equipment to return to its original position after the earthquake. The above problems are all unresolved problems of the lead-rubber laminated bearing.
[0011] The above are the problems that traditional laminated lead rubber bearings have not solved; therefore, it is necessary to design a more suitable seismic isolation buffer bearing for power equipment to better meet the use requirements. Summary of the invention
[0012] In view of this, the present invention provides a spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanism for eliminating low-frequency vibrations, solves the problems existing in traditional laminated lead core rubber bearings, and has good use and promotion value.
[0013] The present invention discloses a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support, which is used for energy-consuming seismic isolation of power equipment and effectively reduces the vibration of power equipment caused by earthquakes. From top to bottom, it comprises a pressure-bearing seat, a connecting seat and a pressure-bearing seat, and the two pressure-bearing seats have equal specifications; wherein the connecting seat has two sliding plates that are cross-over and overlapped at 90 degrees, the two sliding plates have the same size and are centrally symmetrical, and any one of the two sliding plates has its corresponding upper surface with the center line as the axis of symmetry, and guide rail sliding seats are respectively arranged on both sides, and a corresponding slide rail is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing seat, and the two slide rails are parallel to each other; a spring is arranged between the sliding plate and the pressure-bearing seat to buffer and reset when sliding in the horizontal direction.
[0014] Furthermore, the spring is located between the two slide rails; compared with distributing the spring on the outside of the slide rails, when vibration occurs and the spring is displaced, its load-bearing reference point is the center line, and the force and torque of the spring and the two slide rails are balanced, which reduces the difficulty of torque balancing and is more conducive to the accuracy of resetting; and the spring is not mounted on the slide rail, achieving a separate tube and spring design, which makes the response speed during vibration faster, the stability higher, and the bearing capacity better than the integrated tube and spring solution.
[0015] Furthermore, there are multiple springs, and the spacing between the springs is equidistant, so as to be more adaptable to places with heavier loads; and there are multiple springs. Compared with using a single spring with a larger diameter, since the force is more dense and multiple springs are superimposed together, the total load is also larger, and the load can be large while the vibration is dissipated more gently, which is beneficial to protecting the precision components in the upper supporting power equipment.
[0016] Furthermore, a partition with reinforcing ribs is provided in the middle part of the surface of the connecting seat. The partition is perpendicular to the slide rail and is located between the two slide rails. A through hole is opened on the partition, and a guide rod passes through the through hole. Springs of equal specifications are respectively sleeved on both ends of the guide rod. Guide rod mounting seats are respectively provided on both sides of the pressure-bearing seat, and both ends of the guide rod are respectively fixedly connected to the guide rod mounting seats on both sides of the pressure-bearing seat, and both ends of the spring on the guide rod are respectively pressed against the partition and the guide rod mounting seat.
[0017] Furthermore, the number of through holes on the partition is not limited to 1; preferably, it is at least 3.
[0018] The spring is any one or both of a tension spring or a compression spring; further, when the number of springs is an odd number ≥ 3, that is, when the number is an odd number such as 3, 5 or 7, the springs are tension springs or compression springs arranged in sequence, so that when vibration occurs, all the springs can form a compression and tension effect, so as to better meet the effect of eliminating low-frequency vibrations in the shallow surface layer of the ground.
[0019] Limiters are also arranged on both sides of the surface of the pressure seat, with two limiters on each side, and the two limiters are arranged symmetrically along the center line so that under extreme strength vibration, the limiters can press against the edge of the connecting seat to prevent the connecting seat and the other pressure seat from slipping, causing the upper electrical equipment to slip, thereby increasing the safety factor.
[0020] The stopper is in the shape of a rod, a trapezoid or a triangle; preferably in the shape of a triangle so as to have a higher compressive strength. The stopper is fixed on the pressure seat by welding, bolts or integral casting.
[0021] Furthermore, a buffer head may be installed on the head end of the limiter that may contact the pressure-bearing seat to further buffer the impact force.
[0022] Furthermore, a limit head for matching with the limiter is installed on the opposite pressure-bearing seat for limiting the stroke.
[0023] The buffer head is made of pure rubber, or a metal block with good ductility and wrapped with rubber on the outside; the metal block is made of copper or aluminum.
[0024] Furthermore, the pressure seat is a regular polygon with an even number of sides, or a regular polygon with an even number of sides and equal-sized cut angles; preferably, it is any one of a square, a regular hexagon or a regular octagon, and a square with equal-sized cut angles.
[0025] When the pressure-bearing seat is in the shape of a square, a regular hexagon or a regular octagon, or a square with equal-sized cut corners, a dust-proof and rain-proof protective film is wrapped between the two pressure-bearing seats. The protective film has a looseness when wrapped to prevent tearing due to excessive pulling when eliminating vibration. The protective film is used to prevent dust and rainwater from entering the interior, causing rust on the internal metal parts and jamming between moving parts.
[0026] The protective film is adhered to the edges of the two pressure-bearing seats by glue.
[0027] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing seat is made of iron material, and the edge of the pressure-bearing seat has an inward-concave groove. Flexible magnetic strips are provided at the upper and lower edges of the protective film. The flexible magnetic strips can be embedded and sucked into the inward-concave groove of the edge of the pressure-bearing seat to ensure that they will not fall off easily; when inspection and maintenance are required, they can also be easily disassembled for inspection.
[0028] The installation and working method of the present invention are as follows;
[0029] According to the weight and size requirements of the power equipment, several spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanisms for eliminating low-frequency vibrations are evenly arranged on the horizontal ground or base, and then the power equipment is placed on the spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanisms for eliminating low-frequency vibrations;
[0030] When the ground vibrates, the vibration will be transmitted to the seismic isolation bearing through the bottom surface. When the seismic isolation bearing is subjected to vibration load, it will undergo a large deformation in the horizontal direction. The deformation will be decomposed into the horizontal x and horizontal y directions through the seismic isolation bearing, and the springs installed on the upper and lower sliding plates will realize the functions of constant stiffness and self-reset.
[0031] The dynamic equation under earthquake action is as follows:
[0032]
[0033] Where M, C, and K refer to the mass, damping, and stiffness of the structure, respectively. and are earthquake acceleration and facility acceleration response, respectively.
[0034] Define R a is the attenuation ratio of earthquake acceleration response, then
[0035]
[0036] It can be seen from the above formula that the attenuation ratio is related to the frequency ratio and the damping ratio. When the natural frequency of the isolation bearing is constant, the attenuation ratio is determined by the damping ratio.
[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0038] 1. Low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation bearings do not have the problem of rubber aging.
[0039] 2. Low-frequency spring horizontal isolation bearings do not need to consider lead metal pollution issues.
[0040] 3. All parts of the low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation bearing are replaceable, have a protective film, and are easy to maintain.
[0041] 4. The low-frequency spring horizontal isolation bearing can reset itself after an earthquake and no additional adjustment is required.
[0042] The low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation bearing of the present invention has low production and use costs, good economy, and the parts can be obtained through machining; the present invention can effectively eliminate the vibration caused by shallow-source earthquakes, low-equivalent explosives on the surface and shallow soil objects, and the driving of heavy vehicles, and can effectively ensure that the supported power equipment is not easily disturbed by external vibrations, and has good use and promotion effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the technical description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the perspective three-dimensional structure of a low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support Figure 1 ;
[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support in side view is provided;
[0046] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side view of a low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support Figure 2 ;
[0047] Figure 4 The invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support in a top-down state (excluding the upper pressure-bearing seat);
[0048] Figure 5 The invention is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a connecting seat in a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support;
[0049] Figure 6 The invention is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of a connecting seat in a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support;
[0050] Figure 7The invention is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of a single-piece connecting seat in a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support;
[0051] Figure 8 The invention is a schematic structural diagram of a limiter in a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following reference is made to the attached Figure 1-8 It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0053] See attached Figure 1-5 The present invention discloses a low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation bearing, which comprises a pressure-bearing seat 1, a connecting seat 2 and a pressure-bearing seat 1 from top to bottom, and the two pressure-bearing seats 1 have equal specifications; wherein the connecting seat 2 has two sliding plates 2-1 that are crossed and overlapped at 90 degrees, the two sliding plates 2-1 have the same size and are centrally symmetrical, and any one of the two sliding plates 2-1 has its corresponding upper surface with the center line as the axis of symmetry, and guide rail sliding seats 2-2 are respectively arranged on both sides, and a corresponding slide rail 1-2 is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing seat 1, and the two slide rails 1-2 are parallel to each other; a spring 3 is arranged between the sliding plate 2-1 and the pressure-bearing seat 1 for buffering and resetting when sliding in the horizontal direction.
[0054] Furthermore, the spring 3 is located between the two slide rails 1-2; compared with distributing the spring 3 on the outside of the slide rail 1-2, when vibration occurs and the spring 3 is displaced, its load-bearing reference point is the center line, and the force and torque of the spring 3 and the two slide rails 1-2 are balanced, which reduces the difficulty of torque balancing and is more conducive to the accuracy of resetting; and the spring 3 is not mounted on the slide rail 1-2, and a separate tube spring design is achieved, so that the response speed during vibration is faster, the stability is high, and the bearing capacity is better than the solution with integrated tube spring.
[0055] See attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 4 Furthermore, there are multiple springs 3, and the spacing between the springs 3 is equidistant, so as to be more adaptable to places with larger loads; and there are multiple springs 3. Compared with using a single spring with a larger diameter, since the force is more dense and multiple springs 3 are superimposed together, the total load is also larger, and the load can be large while the vibration dissipation is also smoother, which is beneficial to protecting the precision components in the upper supporting power equipment.
[0056] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 7Furthermore, a partition 2-3 with reinforcing ribs is provided in the middle of the surface of the connecting seat 2, the partition 2-3 is perpendicular to the slide rail 2-2, the partition 2-3 is located between the two slide rails 2-2, a through hole 2-3-1 is opened on the partition 2-3, a guide rod 4 passes through the through hole 2-3-1, springs 3 of the same specifications are respectively sleeved on both ends of the guide rod 4, guide rod mounting seats 1-3 are respectively provided on both sides of the pressure-bearing seat 1, both ends of the guide rod 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the guide rod mounting seats 1-3 on both sides of the pressure-bearing seat 1, and both ends of the spring 3 on the guide rod 4 are respectively pressed against the partition 2-3 and the guide rod mounting seat 1-3.
[0057] Furthermore, the number of the through holes 2-3-1 on the partition 2-3 is not limited to 1; preferably, it is at least 3.
[0058] The spring 3 is any one or both of a tension spring or a compression spring; further, when the number of springs 3 is an odd number ≥ 3, that is, when the number is an odd number such as 3, 5 or 7, the spring is 3 tension springs or compression springs arranged in sequence, so that when vibration occurs, all the springs 3 can form a compression and tension effect, so as to better meet the effect of eliminating low-frequency vibrations in the shallow surface layer of the ground.
[0059] Limiters 5 are also provided on both sides of the surface of the pressure-bearing seat 1, with two limiters 5 on each side, and the two limiters 5 are symmetrically arranged along the center line, so that under extreme strength vibration, the limiters 5 can press against the edge of the connecting seat 2 to prevent the connecting seat 2 and the other piece of the pressure-bearing seat 1 from slipping, causing the upper electrical equipment to slip, thereby increasing the safety factor.
[0060] The stopper 5 is rod-shaped, trapezoidal or triangular; preferably triangular in shape so as to have a higher compressive strength. The stopper is fixed to the pressure seat 1 by welding, bolts or integral casting.
[0061] Furthermore, a buffer head may be installed on the head end of the limiter 5 that may contact the pressure-bearing seat to further buffer the impact force.
[0062] Furthermore, a limit head 5 - 1 for matching with the limiter 5 is installed on the opposite pressure bearing seat for limiting the stroke.
[0063] The buffer head is made of pure rubber, or a metal block with good ductility and wrapped with rubber on the outside; the metal block is made of copper or aluminum.
[0064] Furthermore, the pressure seat 1 is a regular polygon with an even number of sides, or a regular polygon with an even number of sides and equal-sized cut angles; preferably, it is a square, a regular hexagon or a regular octagon, and any one of a square with equal-sized cut angles.
[0065] When the pressure-bearing seat 1 is in the shape of a square, a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, or a square with equal-sized cut corners, a dust-proof and rain-proof protective film 6 is wrapped between the two pressure-bearing seats 1. The protective film 6 has a looseness when wrapped to prevent tearing due to excessive pulling when eliminating vibration. The protective film 6 is used to prevent dust and rainwater from entering the interior, causing rust on the internal metal parts and jamming between the moving parts.
[0066] The protective film 6 is glued to the edges of the two pressure-bearing seats.
[0067] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing seat 1 is made of iron material, and the edge of the pressure-bearing seat 1 has a concave groove. Flexible magnetic strips 6-1 are provided at the upper and lower edges of the protective film 6. The flexible magnetic strips 6-1 can be embedded and sucked into the concave groove of the edge of the pressure-bearing seat 1 to ensure that they will not fall off easily; when inspection and maintenance are required, they can also be easily disassembled for inspection.
[0068] The installation and working principle of the present invention are as follows;
[0069] According to the weight and size requirements of the power equipment, several spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanisms for eliminating low-frequency vibrations are evenly arranged on the horizontal ground or base, and then the power equipment is placed on the spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanisms for eliminating low-frequency vibrations;
[0070] When the ground vibrates, the vibration will be transmitted to the seismic isolation bearing through the bottom surface. When the seismic isolation bearing is subjected to the vibration load, it will undergo a large deformation in the horizontal direction. The deformation will be decomposed into the horizontal x direction and the horizontal y direction through the seismic isolation bearing, and the springs 3 installed on the upper and lower sliding plates will realize the functions of constant stiffness and self-reset.
[0071] The dynamic equation under earthquake action is as follows:
[0072]
[0073] Where M, C, and K refer to the mass, damping, and stiffness of the structure, respectively. and are earthquake acceleration and facility acceleration response, respectively.
[0074] Define R a is the attenuation ratio of earthquake acceleration response, then
[0075]
[0076] It can be seen from the above formula that the attenuation ratio is related to the frequency ratio and the damping ratio. When the natural frequency of the isolation bearing is constant, the attenuation ratio is determined by the damping ratio.
Claims
1. A low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support, characterized in that: From top to bottom, it comprises a pressure-bearing seat, a connecting seat and a pressure-bearing seat, and the two pressure-bearing seats are of equal specifications; the connecting seat comprises two sliding plates which are cross-over and overlapped at 90 degrees, the two sliding plates are of the same size and are centrally symmetrical, and any one of the two sliding plates has its corresponding upper surface with the center line as the axis of symmetry, and guide rail sliding seats are respectively arranged on both sides, and a corresponding slide rail is arranged on one side of the pressure-bearing seat, and the two slide rails are parallel to each other; a spring is arranged between the sliding plate and the pressure-bearing seat to buffer and reset when sliding in the horizontal direction.
2. The low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is located between the two slide rails.
3. The low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the springs is multiple, and the intervals between the springs are equidistant.
4. The low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition with reinforcing ribs is arranged in the middle of the surface of the connecting seat, the partition is perpendicular to the slide rail, the partition is located between the two slide rails, a through hole is opened on the partition, a guide rod passes through the through hole, springs of equal specifications are respectively sleeved on both ends of the guide rod, guide rod mounting seats are respectively arranged on both sides of the pressure-bearing seat, both ends of the guide rod are respectively fixedly connected to the guide rod mounting seats on both sides of the pressure-bearing seat, and both ends of the spring on the guide rod are respectively pressed against the partition and the guide rod mounting seat; The number of through holes on the partition is not limited to one.
5. The low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The spring is any one or both of a tension spring or a compression spring; when the number of springs is an odd number ≥ 3, the springs are tension springs or compression springs arranged in sequence, so that when vibration occurs, all the springs can form a compression and tension effect, so as to better meet the effect of eliminating low-frequency vibrations in the shallow surface layer of the ground.
6. The low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiters are also provided on both sides of the surface of the pressure bearing seat. There are two limiters on each side. The two limiters are arranged symmetrically along the center line so that under extreme strength vibration, the limiters can press against the edge of the connecting seat to prevent the connecting seat and the other pressure bearing seat from slipping, causing the upper power equipment to slip, thereby increasing the safety factor. The stopper is in the shape of a rod, a trapezoid or a triangle, and is fixed on the pressure bearing seat by welding, bolts or integral casting.
7. The low-frequency spring horizontal seismic isolation support according to claim 6, characterized in that: A buffer head is installed on the head end of the stopper that may contact the pressure bearing seat; The buffer head is made of pure rubber, or a metal block with good ductility and wrapped with rubber on the outside; the metal block is made of copper or aluminum.
8. The low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure bearing seat is a regular polygon with an even number of sides, or a regular polygon with an even number of sides and equal-sized cut angles; When the pressure-bearing seat is any one of a square, a regular hexagon or a regular octagon among regular polygons, and a square with equal-sized cut angles, a protective film for dust and rain protection is wrapped between the two pressure-bearing seats. The protective film has looseness when wrapped to prevent tearing due to excessive pulling when eliminating vibration; the protective film is used to prevent dust and rainwater from entering the interior, causing rust on internal metal parts and jamming between moving parts.
9. The low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective film is adhered to the edges of the two pressure-bearing seats by glue.
10. The low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing seat is made of iron material, and the edge of the pressure-bearing seat has an inward-concave groove. Flexible magnetic strips are arranged at the upper and lower edges of the protective film. The flexible magnetic strips can be embedded and sucked into the inward-concave groove of the edge of the pressure-bearing seat to ensure that they will not fall off easily. When inspection and maintenance are required, they can also be easily disassembled for inspection.
11. The installation and working method of the low-frequency spring horizontal isolation support according to claim 1 is characterized as follows; According to the weight and size requirements of the power equipment, several spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanisms for eliminating low-frequency vibrations are evenly arranged on the horizontal ground or base, and then the power equipment is placed on the spring horizontal seismic isolation mechanisms for eliminating low-frequency vibrations; When the ground vibrates, the vibration will be transmitted to the seismic isolation support through the bottom surface. When the seismic isolation support is subjected to the vibration load, it will be greatly deformed in the horizontal direction. The deformation will be decomposed into the horizontal x direction and the horizontal y direction through the seismic isolation support. The springs installed on the upper and lower sliding plates respectively realize the functions of rigidity non-change and self-reset. The dynamic equation under earthquake action is as follows: Where M, C, and K refer to the mass, damping, and stiffness of the structure, respectively. and are earthquake acceleration and facility acceleration response respectively; Define R a is the attenuation ratio of earthquake acceleration response, then It can be seen from the above formula that the attenuation ratio is related to the frequency ratio and the damping ratio. When the natural frequency of the isolation bearing is constant, the attenuation ratio is determined by the damping ratio.