A level for engineering measurement and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and specifically to a level for engineering measurement and a method of using the same. The level for engineering measurement includes a fixed plate, a rotating assembly, and an auxiliary assembly; a mounting seat is provided above the fixed plate; a dial is fixed to the upper end of the mounting seat; and a rotating drum is provided above the dial. The rotating assembly includes a matching hole and a rotating cone; an annular groove is provided on the rotating cone; the annular groove and the conical wall of the matching hole form an oil-filled cavity; and the oil-filled cavity is filled with hydraulic oil. When fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the auxiliary assembly presses hydraulic oil into the oil-filled cavity to increase the oil pressure in the oil-filled cavity. The hydraulic oil in the oil-filled cavity pushes up the rotating cone to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement assembly above the rotating drum, assists the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, and reduces the friction between the rotating cone and the matching hole, so that when fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the rotating drum rotates more smoothly, avoiding excessive rotation of the rotating drum, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement, and in particular to a level for engineering measurement and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A level is an instrument that establishes a horizontal line of sight to measure the height difference between two points on the ground. The principle is to measure the height difference between points on the ground according to the principle of leveling. The main components are telescope, tube level (or compensator), vertical axis, base, and foot screw. According to the structure, it can be divided into micro-tilt level, automatic leveling level, laser level and digital level (also known as electronic level). According to the accuracy, it can be divided into precision level and ordinary level.

[0003] In the prior art, the level instrument needs to be leveled first during use, and then the angle between the objective lens of the level instrument and the observed object needs to be fine-tuned. After searching, Chinese patent CN215296227U discloses a multifunctional micro-tilt level instrument, on which a rotating table is rotatably mounted on the base through a rotating column, and the rotating table is fixed with a measuring device related to the level instrument. A scale disk is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating table, and a pointer is drawn on the base. When it is necessary to fine-tune the measuring angle of the leveling measuring device on the rotating table, the rotation angle of the rotating table can be accurately controlled according to the coordination of the scale disk and the pointer. However, due to the friction resistance between the rotating table and the rotating column, when fine-tuning the angle of the rotating table at a small angle, it is difficult for the operator to control the rotation force, resulting in excessive rotation of the rotating table, and it may be necessary to repeatedly fine-tune, thereby affecting the measurement efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a level for engineering surveying and a use method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention discloses a level for engineering surveying and a method for using the same, and adopts the following technical scheme: a level for engineering surveying, comprising a fixed plate, a rotating component, and an auxiliary component.

[0006] The fixed disk is in the shape of a disk with an axis vertically arranged, and the lower end is threadedly connected to the bracket; a mounting seat is provided above the fixed disk; a dial is fixed to the upper end of the mounting seat; a ball joint is provided between the mounting seat and the fixed disk, and a lower adjustment component is provided between the mounting seat and the fixed disk; the lower adjustment component is used to adjust the level of the dial; a rotating drum is provided above the dial.

[0007] The rotating drum and the scale plate are coaxial, and the rotating drum slides up and down through a limit assembly and is rotatably sleeved on the scale plate; a leveling measurement assembly is arranged on the upper end of the rotating drum.

[0008] The rotating assembly includes a matching hole and a rotating cone; the matching hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the dial; the matching hole is in the shape of a cone with the small end facing downward; the rotating cone is arranged between the rotating cylinder and the dial, and the rotating cone is in the shape of a cone with the small end facing downward; the rotating cone and the rotating cylinder are arranged coaxially; the upper end of the rotating cone is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder, and the lower end is inserted into the matching hole; the conical wall of the rotating cone abuts against the conical wall of the matching hole; an annular groove with an opening facing the conical wall of the matching hole is opened on the conical wall of the rotating cone; the annular groove and the conical wall of the matching hole surround an oil-filled cavity; the oil-filled cavity is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0009] The auxiliary component is arranged in the mounting seat. When fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the auxiliary component presses hydraulic oil into the oil filling cavity to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling cavity. The hydraulic oil in the oil filling cavity pushes up the rotating cone to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement component above the rotating drum, reduce the pressure applied by the leveling measurement component on the conical wall of the matching hole through the rotating cone, assist the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, reduce the friction between the rotating cone and the matching hole, so that when fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the rotating drum rotates more smoothly, avoiding excessive rotation of the rotating drum, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement component. The auxiliary component includes an auxiliary hole, a piston plate, a moving structure, a partition plate, and an auxiliary structure. The auxiliary hole is arranged in the mounting seat; the auxiliary hole is cylindrical and coaxial with the matching hole; the auxiliary hole is arranged below the matching hole; the upper end of the auxiliary hole is connected to the matching hole. The piston plate is arranged in the auxiliary hole; the side wall of the piston plate and the side wall of the auxiliary hole are sealed and slid; the piston plate is installed at the lower end of the rotating cone by sliding up and down through a spline; the piston plate and the auxiliary hole surround the auxiliary cavity. The moving structure is arranged between the piston plate and the auxiliary hole; when the rotating drum is rotated and the piston plate is driven to rotate by the rotating cone, the moving structure is used to drive the piston plate to move up and down. The partition is arranged below the piston plate and fixed in the auxiliary cavity; a push plate is arranged below the partition; the push plate and the hole wall of the auxiliary hole are sealed and slid; the partition and the push plate divide the auxiliary cavity into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity; the upper cavity and the lower cavity are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the middle cavity, and the upper cavity is above the middle cavity; the upper cavity and the middle cavity are both filled with hydraulic oil; a first one-way valve is arranged on the partition; the first one-way valve allows the hydraulic oil in the upper cavity to enter the middle cavity in one direction; a pressure oil pipe and a return oil pipe are arranged in the mounting seat. The pressure oil pipe is arranged up and down; the upper end of the pressure oil pipe extends to the oil filling cavity and is connected to the oil filling cavity, and the lower end is connected to the middle cavity; a second one-way valve is arranged in the pressure oil pipe; the second one-way valve allows the hydraulic oil in the middle cavity to enter the pressure oil pipe in one direction. The oil return pipe is arranged up and down; the upper end of the oil return pipe extends to the top of the oil filling chamber and is connected to the matching hole, and the lower end is connected to the upper chamber; a third one-way valve is arranged in the oil return pipe; the third one-way valve allows the hydraulic oil in the pressure oil pipe to enter the middle chamber in one direction. The auxiliary structure is arranged in the lower chamber, which is used to increase the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the pressure oil pipe from the middle chamber when the piston plate moves downward to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber into the middle chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the moving structure includes a moving groove and a sliding protrusion; the moving groove is arranged on the hole wall of the auxiliary hole; there are two moving grooves; the moving groove is a spiral groove arranged up and down, and the spiral directions of the two moving grooves are opposite; the number of spiral turns of the moving groove is half a turn; the two moving grooves are enclosed into an inclined annular groove; the sliding protrusion is fixed on the side wall of the piston plate; the sliding protrusion is slidably installed in the moving groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary structure includes a pushing spring; one end of the pushing spring is fixed on the cavity wall of the lower cavity, and the other end is fixed on the pushing plate.

[0012] When fine-tuning the drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the operator first rotates the drum clockwise and counterclockwise by hand alternately to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber and reduce the rotation resistance between the rotating cone and the matching hole. When the operator rotates the drum clockwise, the piston plate moves up or down under the cooperation of the moving groove and the sliding convex. The first case: when the drum is turned clockwise to drive the piston plate to rotate through the rotating cone, and the piston plate is driven to move up, negative pressure is generated in the upper chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the return oil pipe is drawn into the upper chamber. Then, the operator reverses the drum counterclockwise, and the drum drives the piston plate to rotate in the opposite direction through the rotating cone, driving the piston plate to move down, and the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber is pressed into the middle chamber through the first one-way valve, and the push plate is squeezed to store force on the push spring. When the drum is rotated clockwise for the second time, the push spring pushes the push plate up, so that the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber is slowly pressed into the pressure oil pipe, and enters the oil filling chamber through the pressure oil pipe, increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the pressure oil pipe. When the drum is rotated counterclockwise for the second time, the piston plate continues to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber into the middle chamber, further increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber.

[0013] The second situation: when the drum is turned clockwise to drive the piston plate to rotate through the rotating cone, and the piston plate is driven to move downward, the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber is pressed into the middle chamber through the first one-way valve, and the push plate is squeezed to store force in the push spring. Then the operator reverses the drum counterclockwise to drive the piston plate upward, and negative pressure is generated in the upper chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the return oil pipe is drawn into the upper chamber. The push spring pushes the push plate upward, so that the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber is slowly pressed into the pressure oil pipe, and enters the oil filling chamber through the pressure oil pipe, increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the pressure oil pipe. When the drum is turned clockwise for the second time, the piston plate continues to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber into the middle chamber, further increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber.

[0014] In summary, whether it is the first case or the second case, after rotating the drum clockwise and counterclockwise alternately by hand two or three times, the hydraulic oil can be pressed into the oil filling chamber to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber. The hydraulic oil in the oil filling chamber pushes up the rotating cone to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement assembly above the drum, reduce the pressure applied by the leveling measurement assembly on the conical wall of the matching hole through the rotating cone, assist the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, reduce the friction between the rotating cone and the matching hole, and make the drum rotate more smoothly when fine-tuning the drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, avoiding excessive rotation of the drum, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement assembly. After the operator feels that the drum rotates more smoothly, he turns the drum by hand to drive the leveling measurement assembly to rotate horizontally to fine-tune the drum at a small angle.

[0015] Furthermore, a spherical buffer chamber is provided on the side of the oil return pipe away from the third one-way valve. This is to provide buffering when the hydraulic oil circulates back from the return pipe to the upper chamber. In the process of fine-tuning the rotation angle of the rotating drum at a small angle, when the rotating drum drives the piston plate to move downward, the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber increases, so that a certain gap is formed between the conical wall of the rotating cone and the conical wall of the matching hole. The excess hydraulic oil overflows to the upper end of the oil return pipe through the gap between the conical wall of the rotating cone and the conical wall of the matching hole, and enters the spherical buffer chamber in the oil return pipe. When the fine-tuning is completed, the pushing spring is reset, the oil pressure pipe no longer supplies oil to the oil filling chamber, and the oil pressure in the oil supply chamber gradually decreases, so as to reduce the probability of the rotating drum driving the level measurement assembly to shake during the subsequent measurement process, thereby improving the stability during measurement.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes a limiting cylinder; the limiting cylinder is coaxially fixed on the outer side wall of the dial, and the rotating cylinder and the limiting cylinder slide up and down and can rotate in coordination.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower adjustment component includes a bubble level and an adjustment column; the bubble level is fixed on the dial; four adjustment columns are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dial; the adjustment column is arranged up and down, the upper end is threadedly connected to the mounting seat, and the lower end is ball-jointed with the fixed plate; a turntable is fixed on the adjustment column. When adjusting the level of the dial, according to the position of the bubble of the bubble level, the corresponding turntable is turned to drive the adjustment column to rotate until the bubble of the bubble level is centered, and the adjustment of the level of the dial is completed.

[0018] Furthermore, the leveling measurement assembly includes a mounting frame; the mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rotating cylinder; an observation tube is hinged on the mounting frame around a horizontal axis; an upper adjustment assembly is provided between the observation tube and the mounting frame; the upper adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angular position of the observation tube in the vertical direction; the upper adjustment assembly includes a locking screw; the locking screw is threadedly matched with the mounting frame and abuts against the hinge shaft of the observation tube. After adjusting the angular position of the observation tube in the vertical direction, the locking screw is twisted to make the locking screw abut against the hinge shaft of the observation tube.

[0019] Furthermore, a scale plate is fixed at the lower end of the observation tube; a pointer is fixed on the mounting frame; and the pointer points to the scale plate.

[0020] A method of using a level for engineering measurement is as follows:

[0021] In the first step, thread the fixing plate onto the bracket.

[0022] The second step is to turn the corresponding dial according to the position of the bubble on the bubble level to drive the adjustment column to rotate until the bubble on the bubble level is centered, completing the adjustment of the dial level.

[0023] In the third step, the operator first rotates the rotating cylinder clockwise and counterclockwise alternately by hand. After feeling that the rotating cylinder rotates more smoothly, the operator rotates the rotating cylinder by hand to drive the observation tube to rotate horizontally and make fine adjustments to the observation tube at a small angle.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the auxiliary component presses hydraulic oil into the oil-filling chamber to increase the oil pressure in the oil-filling chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the oil-filling chamber pushes up the rotating cone to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement component above the rotating drum, reduce the pressure applied by the leveling measurement component to the conical wall of the matching hole through the rotating cone, assist in the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, reduce the friction between the rotating cone and the matching hole, so that when fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the rotating drum rotates more smoothly, avoiding excessive rotation of the rotating drum, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement component.

[0025] Furthermore, in the process of fine-tuning the rotation angle of the rotating drum at a small angle, when the rotating drum drives the piston plate to move downward, the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber increases, so that a certain gap is formed between the conical wall of the rotating cone and the conical wall of the matching hole, and the excess hydraulic oil overflows to the upper end of the return oil pipe through the gap between the conical wall of the rotating cone and the conical wall of the matching hole, and enters the spherical buffer chamber in the return oil pipe. When the fine-tuning is completed, the pushing spring is reset, the oil pressure pipe no longer supplies oil to the oil filling chamber, and the oil pressure in the oil supply chamber gradually decreases, so as to reduce the probability of the rotating drum driving the level measurement assembly to shake during the subsequent measurement process, and improve the stability during measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a level for engineering surveying and a method for using the same according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a front view of an embodiment of a level for engineering measurement and a method of using the same according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] In the figure: 100, fixed plate; 200, mounting seat; 210, dial; 220, adjusting column; 300, rotating cylinder; 310, limiting cylinder; 320, mounting frame; 400, rotating cone; 410, oil filling chamber; 510, piston plate; 511, moving groove; 520, partition; 521, first one-way valve; 530, push plate; 540, upper chamber; 550, oil return pipe; 551, buffer chamber; 552, third one-way valve; 560, middle chamber; 570, oil pressure pipe; 571, second one-way valve; 580, lower chamber; 590, pushing spring; 610, observation tube; 620, scale plate; 630, pointer; 640, locking screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] An embodiment of a level for engineering measurement and a method of using the same of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 4 As shown: a level for engineering measurement, including a fixed plate 100, a rotating component, and an auxiliary component.

[0034] The fixed disk 100 is in the shape of a disk with an axis vertically arranged, and the lower end is threadedly connected to the bracket; a mounting seat 200 is arranged above the fixed disk 100; a dial 210 is fixed to the upper end of the mounting seat 200; a ball joint is formed between the mounting seat 200 and the fixed disk 100, and a lower adjustment component is arranged between the mounting seat 200 and the fixed disk 100; the lower adjustment component is used to adjust the level of the dial 210; a rotating drum 300 is arranged above the dial 210. The lower adjustment component includes a bubble level and an adjustment column 220; the bubble level is fixed on the dial 210; four adjustment columns 220 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dial 210; the adjustment column 220 is arranged up and down, the upper end is threadedly connected to the mounting seat 200, and the lower end is ball-jointed to the fixed disk 100; a rotating disk is fixed on the adjustment column 220. When adjusting the level of the dial 210 , according to the position of the bubble of the bubble level ruler, the corresponding dial is turned to drive the adjustment column 220 to rotate until the bubble of the bubble level ruler is centered, and the level of the dial 210 is adjusted.

[0035] The rotating drum 300 and the dial 210 are coaxial, and the rotating drum 300 slides up and down through a limiting assembly and is rotatably mounted on the dial 210; the limiting assembly includes a limiting cylinder 310; the limiting cylinder 310 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the dial 210, and the rotating drum 300 and the limiting cylinder 310 slide up and down and are rotatably matched.

[0036] A leveling assembly is provided at the upper end of the rotating cylinder 300. The leveling assembly includes a mounting frame 320; the mounting frame 320 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rotating cylinder 300; an observation tube 610 is hinged around a horizontal axis on the mounting frame 320; an upper adjustment assembly is provided between the observation tube 610 and the mounting frame 320; the upper adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angular position of the observation tube 610 in the up-down direction; the upper adjustment assembly includes a locking screw 640; the locking screw 640 is threadedly matched with the mounting frame 320 and abuts against the hinge shaft of the observation tube 610. After adjusting the angular position of the observation tube 610 in the up-down direction, twist the locking screw 640 so that the locking screw 640 abuts against the hinge shaft of the observation tube 610. A scale plate 620 is fixed at the lower end of the observation tube 610; a pointer 630 is fixed on the mounting frame 320; the pointer 630 points to the scale plate 620.

[0037] The rotating assembly includes a matching hole and a rotating cone 400; the matching hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the dial 210; the matching hole is in the shape of a cone with the small end facing downward; the rotating cone 400 is arranged between the rotating cylinder 300 and the dial 210, and the rotating cone 400 is in the shape of a cone with the small end facing downward; the rotating cone 400 and the rotating cylinder 300 are coaxially arranged; the upper end of the rotating cone 400 is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 300, and the lower end is inserted into the matching hole; the conical wall of the rotating cone 400 abuts against the conical wall of the matching hole; an annular groove with an opening toward the conical wall of the matching hole is provided on the conical wall of the rotating cone 400; the annular groove and the conical wall of the matching hole surround an oil-filled cavity 410; the oil-filled cavity 410 is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0038] The auxiliary component is arranged in the mounting seat 200. When fine-tuning the rotating drum 300 at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the auxiliary component presses hydraulic oil into the oil filling chamber 410 to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410. The hydraulic oil in the oil filling chamber 410 pushes up the rotating cone 400 to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement component above the rotating drum 300, reduce the pressure applied by the leveling measurement component on the conical wall of the matching hole through the rotating cone 400, assist in the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, reduce the friction between the rotating cone 400 and the matching hole, so that when fine-tuning the rotating drum 300 at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the rotating drum 300 rotates more smoothly, avoiding excessive rotation of the rotating drum 300, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement component.

[0039] The auxiliary assembly includes an auxiliary hole, a piston plate 510, a moving structure, a partition plate 520, and an auxiliary structure. The auxiliary hole is arranged in the mounting seat 200; the auxiliary hole is cylindrical and coaxial with the matching hole; the auxiliary hole is arranged below the matching hole; the upper end of the auxiliary hole is connected with the matching hole. The piston plate 510 is arranged in the auxiliary hole; the side wall of the piston plate 510 and the side wall of the auxiliary hole are sealed and slidable; the piston plate 510 is installed at the lower end of the rotating cone 400 by splines to slide up and down; the piston plate 510 and the auxiliary hole form an auxiliary cavity.

[0040] The moving structure is arranged between the piston plate 510 and the auxiliary hole; when the rotating drum 300 is rotated and the piston plate 510 is driven to rotate by the rotating cone 400, the moving structure is used to drive the piston plate 510 to move up and down. The moving structure includes a moving groove 511 and a sliding convex; the moving groove 511 is arranged on the hole wall of the auxiliary hole; there are two moving grooves 511; the moving groove 511 is a spiral groove arranged up and down, and the spiral directions of the two moving grooves 511 are opposite; the number of spiral turns of the moving groove 511 is half a turn; the two moving grooves 511 are enclosed as an inclined annular groove; the sliding convex is fixed on the side wall of the piston plate 510; the sliding convex is slidably installed in the moving groove 511.

[0041] The partition 520 is arranged below the piston plate 510 and fixed in the auxiliary cavity; a push plate 530 is arranged below the partition 520; the push plate 530 and the hole wall of the auxiliary hole are sealed and slid; the partition 520 and the push plate 530 divide the auxiliary cavity into an upper cavity 540, a middle cavity 560 and a lower cavity 580; the upper cavity 540 and the lower cavity 580 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the middle cavity 560, and the upper cavity 540 is above the middle cavity 560; the upper cavity 540 and the middle cavity 560 are both filled with hydraulic oil; a first one-way valve 521 is arranged on the partition 520; the first one-way valve 521 allows the hydraulic oil in the upper cavity 540 to enter the middle cavity 560 in one direction; a pressure oil pipe 570 and a return oil pipe 550 are arranged in the mounting seat 200.

[0042] The oil pressure pipe 570 is arranged up and down; the upper end of the oil pressure pipe 570 extends to the oil filling chamber 410 and is connected to the oil filling chamber 410, and the lower end is connected to the middle chamber 560; a second one-way valve 571 is provided in the oil pressure pipe 570; the second one-way valve 571 allows the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 to enter the oil pressure pipe 570 in one direction.

[0043] The oil return pipe 550 is arranged up and down; the upper end of the oil return pipe 550 extends to above the oil filling chamber 410 and is connected to the matching hole, and the lower end is connected to the upper chamber 540; a third one-way valve 552 is provided in the oil return pipe 550; the third one-way valve 552 allows the hydraulic oil in the oil pressure pipe 570 to enter the middle chamber 560 in one direction.

[0044] The auxiliary structure is arranged in the lower chamber 580, and is used to increase the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the oil pressure pipe 570 from the middle chamber 560 when the piston plate 510 moves downward to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 into the middle chamber 560. The auxiliary structure includes a pushing spring 590; one end of the pushing spring 590 is fixed to the cavity wall of the lower chamber 580, and the other end is fixed to the push plate 530.

[0045] When fine-tuning the rotating drum 300 at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the operator first rotates the rotating drum 300 by hand alternately clockwise and counterclockwise to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410 and reduce the rotation resistance between the rotating cone 400 and the matching hole. When the operator rotates the rotating drum 300 clockwise, the piston plate 510 moves up or down under the cooperation of the moving groove 511 and the sliding projection. The first case: when the rotating drum 300 is turned clockwise to drive the piston plate 510 to rotate through the rotating cone 400, and the piston plate 510 is driven to move upward, negative pressure is generated in the upper chamber 540, and the hydraulic oil in the return oil pipe 550 is pumped into the upper chamber 540. Then, the operator reverses the rotating drum 300 counterclockwise, and the rotating drum 300 drives the piston plate 510 to rotate in the opposite direction through the rotating cone 400, and the piston plate 510 is driven to move downward, and the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 is pressed into the middle chamber 560 through the first one-way valve 521, and the push plate 530 is squeezed to store force in the push spring 590. Then, when the rotating drum 300 is turned clockwise for the second time, the push spring 590 pushes the push plate 530 to move upward, so that the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 is slowly pressed into the oil pressure pipe 570, and enters the oil filling chamber 410 through the oil pressure pipe 570, thereby increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the oil pressure pipe 570. When the rotating drum 300 is rotated counterclockwise for the second time, the piston plate 510 continues to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 into the middle chamber 560 , further increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 .

[0046] The second situation: when the rotating drum 300 is turned clockwise to drive the piston plate 510 to rotate through the rotating cone 400, and the piston plate 510 is driven to move downward, the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 is pressed into the middle chamber 560 through the first one-way valve 521, and the push plate 530 is squeezed to store force in the pushing spring 590. Then the operator reverses the rotating drum 300 counterclockwise to drive the piston plate 510 to move upward. A negative pressure is generated in the upper chamber 540, and the hydraulic oil in the return oil pipe 550 is drawn into the upper chamber 540. The pushing spring 590 pushes the push plate 530 to move upward, so that the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 is slowly pressed into the oil pressure pipe 570, and enters the oil filling chamber 410 through the oil pressure pipe 570, thereby increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the oil pressure pipe 570. When the drum 300 is rotated clockwise for the second time, the piston plate 510 continues to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 into the middle chamber 560 , further increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 .

[0047] In summary, whether it is the first case or the second case, after rotating the rotating drum 300 clockwise and counterclockwise alternately two or three times by hand, the hydraulic oil can be pressed into the oil filling chamber 410 to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410. The hydraulic oil in the oil filling chamber 410 pushes up the rotating cone 400 to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement assembly above the rotating drum 300, reduce the pressure applied by the leveling measurement assembly on the conical wall of the matching hole through the rotating cone 400, assist the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, reduce the friction between the rotating cone 400 and the matching hole, so that when fine-tuning the rotating drum 300 at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the rotating drum 300 rotates more smoothly, avoiding excessive rotation of the rotating drum 300, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement assembly. After the operator feels that the rotating drum 300 rotates more smoothly, he rotates the rotating drum 300 by hand to drive the leveling measurement assembly to rotate horizontally to perform fine-tuning of the rotating drum 300 at a small angle.

[0048] In this embodiment, a spherical buffer chamber 551 is provided on the side of the oil return pipe 550 away from the third one-way valve 552. The buffer is provided in the process of the hydraulic oil circulating back from the return pipe to the upper chamber 540. In the process of fine-tuning the rotation angle of the rotating drum 300 at a small angle, when the rotating drum 300 drives the piston plate 510 to move downward, the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410 increases, so that a certain gap is formed between the conical wall of the rotating cone 400 and the conical wall of the matching hole, and the excess hydraulic oil overflows to the upper end of the oil return pipe 550 through the gap between the conical wall of the rotating cone 400 and the conical wall of the matching hole, and enters the spherical buffer chamber 551 in the oil return pipe 550. When the fine-tuning is completed, the pushing spring 590 is reset, the oil pressure pipe 570 no longer supplies oil to the oil filling chamber 410, and the oil pressure in the oil supply chamber gradually decreases, so as to reduce the probability of the rotating drum 300 driving the leveling measurement assembly to shake during the subsequent measurement process, and improve the stability during measurement.

[0049] A method for using a level for engineering measurement, the steps are as follows:

[0050] In the first step, the fixing plate 100 is screwed onto the bracket.

[0051] In the second step, according to the position of the bubble on the bubble level, the corresponding dial is turned to drive the adjustment column 220 to rotate until the bubble on the bubble level is centered, thereby completing the adjustment of the level of the dial 210.

[0052] In the third step, the operator first rotates the rotating drum 300 by hand alternately clockwise and counterclockwise. After feeling that the rotating drum 300 rotates more smoothly, the operator rotates the rotating drum 300 by hand to drive the observation tube 610 to rotate horizontally, and fine-tune the observation tube 610 at a small angle.

[0053] In combination with the above embodiments, the use principle and working process of the present invention are as follows: when in use, firstly, the fixing plate 100 is threadedly connected to the bracket; and according to the position of the bubble of the bubble level, the corresponding rotating disk is turned to drive the adjusting column 220 to rotate until the bubble of the bubble level is centered, and the level adjustment of the dial 210 is completed. The observation tube 610 is aligned with the target to be measured. The mounting frame 320 is driven to rotate by the rotating cylinder 300, and the mounting frame 320 drives the observation tube 610 to rotate.

[0054] When it is necessary to fine-tune the rotating drum 300 at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the operator first rotates the rotating drum 300 by hand alternately clockwise and counterclockwise to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410 and reduce the rotation resistance between the rotating cone 400 and the matching hole. When the operator rotates the rotating drum 300 clockwise, the piston plate 510 moves up or down under the cooperation of the moving groove 511 and the sliding projection. The first case: when the rotating drum 300 is turned clockwise to drive the piston plate 510 to rotate through the rotating cone 400, and the piston plate 510 is driven to move upward, negative pressure is generated in the upper chamber 540, and the hydraulic oil in the return oil pipe 550 is pumped into the upper chamber 540. Then, the operator reverses the rotating drum 300 counterclockwise, and the rotating drum 300 drives the piston plate 510 to rotate in the opposite direction through the rotating cone 400, and the piston plate 510 is driven to move downward, and the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 is pressed into the middle chamber 560 through the first one-way valve 521, and the push plate 530 is squeezed to store force in the push spring 590. Then, when the rotating drum 300 is turned clockwise for the second time, the push spring 590 pushes the push plate 530 to move upward, so that the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 is slowly pressed into the oil pressure pipe 570, and enters the oil filling chamber 410 through the oil pressure pipe 570, thereby increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the oil pressure pipe 570. When the rotating drum 300 is rotated counterclockwise for the second time, the piston plate 510 continues to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 into the middle chamber 560 , further increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 .

[0055] The second situation: when the rotating drum 300 is turned clockwise to drive the piston plate 510 to rotate through the rotating cone 400, and the piston plate 510 is driven to move downward, the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 is pressed into the middle chamber 560 through the first one-way valve 521, and the push plate 530 is squeezed to store force in the pushing spring 590. Then the operator reverses the rotating drum 300 counterclockwise to drive the piston plate 510 to move upward. A negative pressure is generated in the upper chamber 540, and the hydraulic oil in the return oil pipe 550 is drawn into the upper chamber 540. The pushing spring 590 pushes the push plate 530 to move upward, so that the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 is slowly pressed into the oil pressure pipe 570, and enters the oil filling chamber 410 through the oil pressure pipe 570, thereby increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the oil pressure pipe 570. When the drum 300 is rotated clockwise for the second time, the piston plate 510 continues to press the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber 540 into the middle chamber 560 , further increasing the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil in the middle chamber 560 .

[0056] In summary, whether it is the first case or the second case, after rotating the rotating drum 300 clockwise and counterclockwise alternately two or three times by hand, the hydraulic oil can be pressed into the oil filling chamber 410 to increase the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410. The hydraulic oil in the oil filling chamber 410 pushes up the rotating cone 400 to offset the gravity of the leveling measurement assembly above the rotating drum 300, reduce the pressure applied by the leveling measurement assembly on the conical wall of the matching hole through the rotating cone 400, assist the lubrication of the hydraulic oil, reduce the friction between the rotating cone 400 and the matching hole, so that when fine-tuning the rotating drum 300 at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the rotating drum 300 rotates more smoothly, avoiding excessive rotation of the rotating drum 300, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the leveling measurement assembly. After the operator feels that the rotating drum 300 rotates more smoothly, he rotates the rotating drum 300 by hand to drive the leveling measurement assembly to rotate horizontally to perform fine-tuning of the rotating drum 300 at a small angle.

[0057] In the process of fine-tuning the rotation angle of the rotating drum 300 at a small angle, when the rotating drum 300 drives the piston plate 510 to move downward, the oil pressure in the oil filling chamber 410 increases, so that a certain gap is formed between the conical wall of the rotating cone 400 and the conical wall of the matching hole, and the excess hydraulic oil overflows to the upper end of the return oil pipe 550 through the gap between the conical wall of the rotating cone 400 and the conical wall of the matching hole, and enters the spherical buffer chamber 551 in the return oil pipe 550. When the fine-tuning is completed, the pushing spring 590 is reset, the oil pressure pipe 570 no longer supplies oil to the oil filling chamber 410, and the oil pressure in the oil supply chamber gradually decreases, so as to reduce the probability of the rotating drum 300 driving the leveling measurement assembly to shake during the subsequent measurement process, and improve the stability during measurement.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A level for engineering measurement, characterized by: It includes a fixed plate, a rotating assembly, and an auxiliary assembly; The fixed plate is in the shape of a disk with an axis vertically arranged, and the lower end is threadedly connected to the bracket; a mounting seat is arranged above the fixed plate; a dial is fixed on the upper end of the mounting seat; a ball joint is formed between the mounting seat and the fixed plate, and a lower adjustment component is arranged between the mounting seat and the fixed plate; the lower adjustment component is used to adjust the level of the dial; a rotating drum is arranged above the dial; the rotating drum and the dial are coaxial, and the rotating drum slides up and down through a limit assembly and is rotatably sleeved on the dial; a leveling measurement component is arranged on the upper end of the rotating drum; The rotating assembly comprises a matching hole and a rotating cone; the matching hole is arranged on the upper end surface of the scale plate; the matching hole is in a cone shape with the small end facing downward; the rotating cone is arranged between the rotating cylinder and the scale plate, and the rotating cone is in a cone shape with the small end facing downward; the rotating cone and the rotating cylinder are arranged coaxially; the upper end of the rotating cone is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder, and the lower end is inserted into the matching hole; the conical wall of the rotating cone abuts against the conical wall of the matching hole; an annular groove with an opening facing the conical wall of the matching hole is provided on the conical wall of the rotating cone; the annular groove and the conical wall of the matching hole surround an oil filling cavity; the oil filling cavity is filled with hydraulic oil; The auxiliary component is arranged in the mounting seat. When fine-tuning the rotating drum at a small angle in the horizontal direction, the auxiliary component presses hydraulic oil into the oil-filled cavity to increase the oil pressure in the oil-filled cavity; the auxiliary component includes an auxiliary hole, a piston plate, a moving structure, a partition, and an auxiliary structure; the auxiliary hole is arranged in the mounting seat; the auxiliary hole is cylindrical and coaxial with the matching hole; the auxiliary hole is arranged below the matching hole; the upper end of the auxiliary hole is connected to the matching hole; the piston plate is arranged in the auxiliary hole; the side wall of the piston plate and the side wall of the auxiliary hole are sealed and slid; the piston plate is mounted on the lower end of the rotating cone by splines to slide up and down; the piston plate and the auxiliary hole form an auxiliary cavity; the moving structure is arranged between the piston plate and the auxiliary hole; when the rotating drum is rotated and the piston plate is driven to rotate by the rotating cone, the moving structure is used to drive the piston plate to move up and down; the partition is arranged below the piston plate and fixed in the auxiliary cavity; a push plate is arranged below the partition; the push plate and the hole wall of the auxiliary hole are sealed and slid; The partition and the push plate divide the auxiliary chamber into an upper chamber, a middle chamber and a lower chamber; the upper chamber and the lower chamber are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the middle chamber, and the upper chamber is located above the middle chamber; the upper chamber and the middle chamber are both filled with hydraulic oil; a first one-way valve is arranged on the partition; the first one-way valve allows the hydraulic oil in the upper chamber to enter the middle chamber in one direction; a pressure oil pipe and a return oil pipe are arranged in the mounting seat; the pressure oil pipe is arranged up and down; the upper end of the pressure oil pipe extends to the oil filling chamber and is connected to the oil filling chamber, and the lower end is connected to the middle chamber; a pressure oil pipe is arranged in the pressure oil pipe There is a second one-way valve; the second one-way valve allows the hydraulic oil in the middle cavity to enter the oil pressure pipe in one direction; the return oil pipe is arranged up and down; the upper end of the return oil pipe extends to the top of the oil filling chamber and is connected with the matching hole, and the lower end is connected with the upper chamber; a third one-way valve is arranged in the return oil pipe; the third one-way valve allows the hydraulic oil in the oil pressure pipe to enter the middle cavity in one direction; the auxiliary structure is arranged in the lower cavity, which is used to increase the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the oil pressure pipe from the middle cavity when the piston plate moves downward to press the hydraulic oil in the upper cavity into the middle cavity.

2. A level for engineering surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving structure includes a moving groove and a sliding convex; the moving groove is arranged on the hole wall of the auxiliary hole; there are two moving grooves; the moving groove is a spiral groove arranged up and down, and the spiral directions of the two moving grooves are opposite; the number of spiral turns of the moving groove is half a turn; the two moving grooves are enclosed as an inclined annular groove; the sliding convex is fixed on the side wall of the piston plate; the sliding convex is slidably installed in the moving groove.

3. A level for engineering surveying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary structure comprises a pushing spring; one end of the pushing spring is fixed on the cavity wall of the lower cavity, and the other end is fixed on the pushing plate.

4. The engineering surveying level according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spherical buffer chamber is arranged on one side of the oil return pipe away from the third one-way valve.

5. The engineering surveying level according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a limiting cylinder; The limiting cylinder is coaxially fixed on the outer side wall of the scale plate, and the rotating cylinder and the limiting cylinder slide up and down and can be rotatably matched.

6. The engineering surveying level according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower adjustment component includes a bubble level and an adjustment column; the bubble level is fixed on the dial; four adjustment columns are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dial; the adjustment columns are arranged up and down, the upper end is threadedly connected to the mounting seat, and the lower end is ball-jointed with the fixed disk; a turntable is fixed on the adjustment column.

7. The engineering surveying level according to claim 6, characterized in that: The leveling measurement assembly includes a mounting frame; the mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rotating cylinder; an observation tube is hinged on the mounting frame around a horizontal axis; an upper adjustment assembly is provided between the observation tube and the mounting frame; the upper adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angular position of the observation tube in the up and down directions; the upper adjustment assembly includes a locking screw; the locking screw is threadedly matched with the mounting frame and abuts against the hinge shaft of the observation tube.

8. The engineering surveying level according to claim 7, characterized in that: A scale plate is fixed at the lower end of the observation tube; a pointer is fixed on the mounting frame; and the pointer points to the scale plate.

9. A method for using a level for engineering surveying, using the level for engineering surveying according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, thread the fixing plate onto the bracket; S2, according to the position of the bubble on the bubble level, turn the corresponding dial to drive the adjustment column to rotate until the bubble on the bubble level is centered, completing the adjustment of the dial level; S3, the operator first rotates the rotating cylinder clockwise and counterclockwise alternately by hand, and after feeling that the rotating cylinder rotates more smoothly, the operator rotates the rotating cylinder by hand to drive the observation cylinder to rotate horizontally, and makes fine adjustments to the observation cylinder at a small angle.

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