Dynamic water body greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas monitoring, in particular to a dynamic water body greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device and an application method thereof. According to the dynamic water body greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device and the application method thereof, a dynamic gas uniform mixing and high-frequency sampling strategy is adopted, temperature, pressure and gas concentration data collected in real time are combined, and an ideal gas state equation and a regression analysis calculation method are applied; the time variability characteristic of greenhouse gas emission of the water body is successfully captured, and the accuracy and the stability of a monitoring result are remarkably improved; compared with a traditional static buoyancy tank technology, the rapid fluctuation of greenhouse gas emission of a water body in a short period can be reflected in real time, so that the limitation of the traditional static buoyancy tank technology on time resolution and continuity is effectively solved, and the accuracy and reliability of a monitoring result are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas monitoring, and in particular to a dynamic water body greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, has risen rapidly. This phenomenon has become the core driving force for a series of environmental problems such as global climate change, intensified polar glacier melting, and sea level rise, and has posed an increasingly severe challenge to the global ecological balance and sustainable development of human society. Although rich research results have been accumulated in identifying and quantifying the sources of greenhouse gases, there is still a large uncertainty in the estimation of the actual emissions of greenhouse gas emission sources due to the limitations of existing monitoring technologies. Among them, water bodies are an important carrier of greenhouse gas emissions, and measuring their greenhouse gas emission fluxes is crucial to fully understand and master the global greenhouse gas cycle process. In view of this, it is urgent to develop more advanced monitoring technologies and equipment to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in real-time and continuity, so as to more accurately estimate the emissions of various greenhouse gas emission sources, which has decisive scientific value and practical significance for promoting the accuracy of global carbon emission accounting.

[0003] Traditionally, the measurement methods of greenhouse gas emission flux in water bodies mainly include static floating chamber technology, bubble capture method, eddy correlation method, thin boundary layer method and flux-gradient method. However, although static floating chamber technology occupies a dominant position in practical applications, it relies on the slow accumulation of gas concentration in the collector over time and cannot capture the rapid fluctuations of greenhouse gas emissions in the water body in a short period of time in real time. Therefore, there are obvious deficiencies in time resolution and continuity, resulting in increased uncertainty in emission flux estimation. Especially in the waste treatment industry, such as the emission monitoring of unorganized non-point sources of greenhouse gases in sewage treatment facilities, existing technical means are difficult to achieve continuous, real-time and high-precision measurements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult to achieve continuous, real-time and high-precision measurement with existing technical means.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device, including a main shell, a plurality of flip assembly frames are movably assembled on the outer side of the main shell through a lateral bracket, a solar energy supply panel is fixedly assembled on the side wall of the flip assembly frame, a rotary locking switch is installed on the side wall of the flip assembly frame, a floating bottom plate is installed on the bottom of the main shell and the outer side of the flip assembly frame, a bottom-mounted sampling trough with an opening at the lower end is opened inside the floating bottom plate, a built-in sampler is fixedly assembled inside the main shell, and a built-in adjustable drive unit is installed inside the built-in sampler.

[0006] A limiting screw protruding upward is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the main shell, and a top carrying handle is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the limiting screw.

[0007] A top cover plate matched with a limiting screw is movably mounted on the outer side surface of the flip assembly frame, and an end limiting ring arranged in a staggered manner is fixed to the end of the top cover plate.

[0008] The built-in sampler includes an internal collection shell fixed on the inner bottom surface of the main shell, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a mixing fan fixed on the inner top surface of the internal collection shell, an embedded sampling air pump installed on the inner curved surface of the internal collection shell, and a sampling distributor fixedly installed on the outer side of the embedded sampling air pump, and an external flow guide tube is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sampling distributor.

[0009] A detachable air bag is installed at the outer air outlet of the external guide tube.

[0010] The built-in adjustable drive unit includes a bottom adjustment support rod fixedly installed on the top surface of the internal collection shell, a bottom air guide cover axially fixed to the bottom extended end of the bottom adjustment support rod, an electrically controlled drive pump installed inside the bottom air guide cover, and an electrically controlled adjustment cover installed on the arc-shaped opening outside the bottom air guide cover.

[0011] The bottom of the main shell and the corresponding positions of the buoyancy-aiding bottom plate are both provided with circular telescopic openings matched with the bottom air guide cover.

[0012] A circular inlet is provided at the bottom of the bottom air guide cover, and a metal filter is fixed inside the circular inlet.

[0013] The electrically controlled regulating cover comprises an annular regulating cover sleeved on the lateral opening of the bottom air guide cover, an regulating motor fixed on the upper surface of the bottom air guide cover, and an regulating gear axially fixed on the regulating motor.

[0014] Flip the flip assembly frame on the outer side of the main shell outward to a horizontal position, and then control the rotary locking switch to rotate so that the flip assembly frame is fixed on the outer side of the main shell to form a large-area support platform. The solar energy panel on the support platform is used to power all the electric control mechanisms on the device. Then, the bottom of the main shell and the buoyancy bottom plate on the flip assembly frame are used for floating support, so that the support platform is carefully placed on the surface of the water body to be tested, ensuring that the collector structure is closely attached to the surface of the water body through the buoyancy bottom plate, thereby forming an effective gas sampling area;

[0015] After deployment, continuous gas sampling and data recording are carried out. The air in the bottom gas sampling area is pumped into the internal collection shell through an electrically controlled pump, and then the internal air is fully mixed through a mixing fan. Then, the embedded sampling air pump is used to guide the air through the sampling distributor and the external guide tube into the detachable air bag for sampling one by one. The sampling work is carried out at intervals according to the preset time to cover the emission changes from short to long cycles. At each sampling moment, the gas concentration, temperature and pressure data in the collector are synchronously recorded to ensure that the temporal variability characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions in water bodies are fully captured;

[0016] Combined with the ideal gas state equation, a mathematical model was established using the measured gas concentration, temperature and pressure data. Through linear regression analysis and statistical methods, the measured data were imported into the model for calculation, thus obtaining the precise emission flux of greenhouse gases in the water body.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device and its application method of the present invention adopt dynamic gas mixing and high-frequency sampling strategies, combined with real-time collected temperature, pressure and gas concentration data, using the ideal gas state equation and regression analysis calculation method, successfully captures the temporal variability characteristics of water greenhouse gas emissions, and significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the monitoring results;

[0019] (2) Compared with the traditional static floating tank technology, the present application can reflect the rapid fluctuation of greenhouse gas emissions in the water body in a short period of time in real time, thereby effectively solving the limitations of the traditional static floating tank technology in time resolution and continuity, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results;

[0020] (3) This application is not only applicable to the study of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies, but also extends to the measurement of greenhouse gas emission fluxes from terrestrial ecosystems, greatly enhancing its practicality and technical advantages;

[0021] (4) By providing continuous, real-time, and high-precision measurement methods, this patent is not only conducive to in-depth analysis of the true situation of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies and their impact on the global environment, but also provides key technical support and long-term practical value for promoting the accuracy of carbon emission accounting in the waste treatment industry and even at the social level;

[0022] (5) The device has an adjustable structure and can be quickly folded and stored when not in use, making it easy to carry, transport and store;

[0023] (6) The entire device can be self-powered through a solar energy system, and a larger platform can provide more stable operation;

[0024] (7) The device is equipped with a driving unit that automatically adjusts the position, integrates driving and exhaust power supply, and greatly improves the functional integration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the built-in adjustable drive unit in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device is shown, comprising a main shell 1, on the outer side of the main shell 1 are movably mounted four flip assembly frames 2 via lateral brackets, on the side walls of the flip assembly frames 2 are fixedly mounted solar energy panels 3, on the side walls of the flip assembly frames 2 are mounted a rotary locking switch 4, a floating bottom plate 5 is mounted on the bottom of the main shell 1 and on the outer side of the flip assembly frame 2, a bottom-mounted sampling trough 6 with an opening at the lower end is provided inside the floating bottom plate 5, a built-in sampler is fixedly mounted inside the main shell 1, and a built-in adjustable drive unit is installed inside the built-in sampler.

[0033] A limit screw 7 protruding upward is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the main housing 1 , and a top carrying handle 8 is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the limit screw 7 .

[0034] A top cover plate 9 cooperating with the limiting screw 7 is movably mounted on the outer side of the flip assembly frame 2 , and an end limiting ring 10 disposed in an offset manner is fixed to the end of the top cover plate 9 .

[0035] The built-in sampler includes an internal collection shell 11 fixed on the inner bottom surface of the main shell 1, a temperature sensor 12, a pressure sensor 13 and a mixing fan 14 fixed on the inner top surface of the internal collection shell 11, an embedded sampling air pump 15 installed on the inner curved surface of the internal collection shell 11, a sampling distributor 16 fixedly installed on the outer side of the embedded sampling air pump 15, and an external guide tube 17 fixedly installed on the outer side of the sampling distributor 16.

[0036] A detachable air bag 18 is installed at the outer air outlet of the external guide tube 17 .

[0037] Dynamic measurement method: The built-in sampler collects gas samples from the bottom sampling slot 6 to the detachable gas bag 18 at regular intervals, analyzes the concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, and combines continuous and different frequency sampling data ranging from a few minutes to a day to accurately reflect the changing characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions in the water body over time, and realize long-term and continuous emission flux monitoring. This method effectively overcomes the uncertainty caused by the low sampling frequency of static floating tank technology, while significantly reducing labor costs and instrument testing costs.

[0038] Optimized configuration and functional expansion: The device is also equipped with a mixing fan 14 to accelerate the mixing of the gas in the internal collection shell 11 and improve the measurement accuracy. In addition, a temperature sensor 12 and a pressure sensor 13 are added to directly measure and record the temperature and pressure data of the gas in the internal collection shell 11, providing convenient conditions for the accurate calculation of the greenhouse gas emission flux of the water body.

[0039] The built-in adjustable drive unit includes a bottom adjustment strut 19 fixedly mounted on the inner top surface of the internal collection shell 11, a bottom air guide cover 20 axially fixed to the bottom protruding end of the bottom adjustment strut 19, an electrically controlled drive pump 21 mounted inside the bottom air guide cover 20, and an electrically controlled adjustment cover 22 mounted on the arc-shaped opening on the outer side of the bottom air guide cover 20.

[0040] Circular telescopic openings 23 matching with the bottom air guide cover 20 are provided at corresponding positions of the bottom of the main shell 1 and the buoyancy-aiding bottom plate 5 .

[0041] In order to facilitate the bottom air or liquid extraction, a circular inlet is provided at the bottom of the bottom flow guide cover 20, and a metal filter screen 24 is fixed inside the circular inlet.

[0042] When the bottom adjustment support rod 19 controls the bottom guide cover 20 to descend by extending, the bottom guide cover 20 is inserted into the water body, and then the electric control driving pump 21 is started to draw water into the water body from the circular inlet and then discharge it horizontally, thereby controlling the entire device to move on the water body;

[0043] When the bottom adjustment strut 19 controls the bottom air guide cover 20 to rise upward by contraction, the bottom air guide cover 20 is lifted to the upper opening of the circular telescopic opening 23, and then the electrically controlled drive pump 21 is started to draw air from the circular inlet and blow it into the internal collection shell 11 to collect gas. Then the mixing fan 14 accelerates the mixing of the gas in the internal collection shell 11, and then the air in the internal collection shell 11 is introduced into the sampling distributor 16 through the embedded sampling air pump 15, and then discharged into the detachable air bag 18 through the external guide tube 17 on the outer side of the sampling distributor 16.

[0044] In order to adjust the angle of the air guide port, the electrically controlled adjustment cover 22 includes an annular adjustment cover 221 which is sleeved on the lateral opening position of the bottom air guide cover 20, an adjustment motor 222 fixed on the upper surface of the bottom air guide cover 20, and an adjustment gear 223 axially fixed on the adjustment motor 222.

[0045] The adjusting motor 222 is meshed and transmitted with the annular adjusting cover 221 through the adjusting gear 223 , so as to adjust the position of the discharge port on one side of the annular adjusting cover 221 .

[0046] The flip assembly frame 2 on the outer side of the main shell 1 is flipped outward to a horizontal position, and then the rotary locking switch 4 is controlled to rotate so that the flip assembly frame 2 is fixed on the outer side of the main shell 1 to form a large-area support platform. The solar energy panel 3 on the support platform is used to power all the electric control mechanisms on the device, and then the bottom of the main shell 1 and the floating bottom plate 5 on the flip assembly frame 2 are used for floating support, so that the support platform is carefully placed on the surface of the water body to be tested, ensuring that the collector structure is closely attached to the surface of the water body through the floating bottom plate 5, thereby forming an effective gas sampling area;

[0047] After deployment, continuous gas sampling and data recording are carried out. Sampling is carried out at preset intervals to cover emission changes from short to long periods. At each sampling moment, the gas concentration, temperature and pressure data in the collector are recorded synchronously to ensure that the temporal variability characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies are fully captured.

[0048] Combined with the ideal gas state equation, a mathematical model was established using the measured gas concentration, temperature and pressure data. Through linear regression analysis and statistical methods, the measured data were imported into the model for calculation, thus obtaining the precise emission flux of greenhouse gases in the water body.

[0049] Device optimization features and advantages:

[0050] (1) Continuous sampling optimization: In terms of continuous sampling, the device uses continuous sampling technology with different frequencies to achieve real-time capture of the time variation information of greenhouse gas emissions in water bodies. This optimization not only solves the uncertainty problem of emission flux estimation caused by low sampling frequency of traditional static floating chamber technology, but also enables long-term and uninterrupted accurate measurement. This not only greatly reduces human resource investment and instrument testing costs, but also improves the accuracy and reliability of measurement data.

[0051] (2) Improved gas mixing and measurement accuracy: Gas mixing and measurement accuracy are also important aspects of device optimization. A mixing fan is integrated inside the device, which effectively enhances the mixing uniformity of the gas in the collector, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. At the same time, we also configure a thermometer and flow meter to directly read the temperature and pressure of the gas inside the collector, providing convenient conditions for accurately calculating greenhouse gas emission fluxes. These configurations not only simplify the operating process, but also reduce measurement errors, providing more accurate data support for scientific research and practical applications.

[0052] (3) Long-term continuous sampling guarantee: In terms of long-term continuous sampling guarantee, the device is equipped with an inlet sampling bag and an outlet sampling bag to achieve the ability to collect gas samples for a long time. This optimization ensures the dynamic monitoring of greenhouse gas emission fluxes in water bodies and provides continuous and reliable monitoring data for scientific research and practical applications. This function plays an important role in both the study of climate change and the practice of water environment management.

[0053] The methodology for measuring fugitive source gas emissions follows three key steps:

[0054] (1) Record and fix the collector to the specified position, and determine the height h and bottom area A of the collector;

[0055] (2) Collect greenhouse gas samples at preset time intervals and record the temperature, pressure and gas concentration in the collector at each sampling moment;

[0056] (3) The ideal gas state equation is used to derive the emission flux calculation formula that takes into account the temperature and pressure changes in the collector, and the slope is calculated by fitting the regression equation to obtain the monitoring results of the unorganized surface source gas emissions.

[0057] In summary, this patented technical solution effectively solves many problems of traditional technology in monitoring greenhouse gas emissions in water bodies by comprehensively optimizing hardware equipment and measurement methods. It not only improves the accuracy and real-time performance of monitoring, but also expands the scope of application, so that it can be applied not only to water environments, but also to terrestrial ecosystems and other greenhouse gas emission sources. The monitoring has significant scientific and technological value and social benefits for promoting the accuracy of carbon emission accounting.

[0058] The method of measuring the emission of unorganized surface source gases in this patent includes the following three steps.

[0059] Step 1: Record the size parameters of the collector and fix the collector to the designated sampling point. The recorded size parameters of the collector include: the height of the collector and the bottom area A of the collector.

[0060] Step 2: Sample greenhouse gases at preset sampling time intervals and record the temperature and pressure in the collector at each sampling time, and detect the concentration of the gas samples collected at each sampling time.

[0061] Step 3: Based on the ideal gas state equation, the emission flux calculation formula considering the temperature and pressure changes in the collector is derived. According to the value of the combined variable one composed of the temperature T, pressure P, and concentration c of the gas sample at each sampling time, the regression equation is fitted and calculated. The slope of the regression equation is substituted into the emission flux calculation formula to obtain the monitoring results of the emission of unorganized surface source gas emissions. Ideal gas state equation:

[0062] PV=nRT

[0063] Formula (1)

[0064] According to the definition of emission flux F - the emission mass per unit area per unit time, that is:

[0065]

[0066] Formula (2)

[0067] In formula (2), the emission flux is F, and its unit is kilograms per square meter per second (kg / (m 2 ·s)), the release area is A, and its unit is square meter (m 2). T0 and P0 are the temperature and pressure constants under standard conditions. Generally, T0 = 273.15K, i.e. 0°C, and P0 = 101.325 kPa (usually calculated as 101.25 kPa to approximate the standard atmospheric pressure).

[0068] For different target gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), it is necessary to select the corresponding density ρ0 under standard conditions. Taking these gases as examples, their molar masses are 0.044kg / mol, 0.016kg / mol and 0.044kg / mol, respectively, and their corresponding standard densities at a known measurement height are 1.964kg / m 3 h, 0.714kg / m 3 h and 1.964kg / m 3 h. The density of a gas usually does not change with time, but changes with temperature and pressure. Therefore, when calculating the gas emission flux, factors such as the nature of the gas, temperature, pressure, and release area must be considered comprehensively. The gas density ρ0 mentioned above is the standard density value under specific temperature and pressure conditions, and is used as a reference value in a specific emission flux calculation model.

[0069] According to the gas sample data collected at different time points from t1 to t6 (including temperature t1-t6, pressure P1-P6 and gas concentration c1-c6), these measured data are analyzed through linear regression to construct a fitting curve in order to find out the trend of gas concentration over time. By taking the derivative of the fitted regression equation, the slope kN of the linear regression equation can be obtained, which represents the rate of change of gas emission flux over time t. If the slope is 6, it means that under certain conditions, the gas emission flux increases by 6 units per unit time on average.

[0070] In actual operation, a more specific sampling strategy is adopted, that is, within 30 minutes, a total of 6 gas samples are collected at non-uniform intervals (2 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes respectively). This sampling mode design aims to fully capture the temporal variation characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies. Through the acquired data set, a linear fitting regression equation can be effectively established and solved. The calculated slope of the regression equation reflects the changing trend of the gas emission rate. When the goodness of fit of the regression equation exceeds 0.9, it means that the sampling strategy and data analysis method adopted can provide highly accurate monitoring results, especially in the monitoring of unorganized non-point source gas emissions, which improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data. In addition, this sampling frequency and total time arrangement not only ensure the accuracy of monitoring, but also take into account the feasibility and convenience of actual on-site operations, so that the patented technical solution has significant advantages in practical applications.

[0071] The advantage of this patent compared to the prior art is

[0072] (1) Real-time monitoring capability: By adopting dynamic gas and high-frequency sampling strategies, this patent can capture the instantaneous changes of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies in real time, solving the problem that traditional static floating tank technology cannot reflect short-term rapid fluctuations in real time, improving the time resolution, and making emission flux estimation more accurate and reliable.

[0073] (2) Continuous monitoring function: The device is equipped with an inlet sampling bag and an outlet sampling bag, and cooperates with a dynamic gas mixing system to achieve long-term continuous monitoring without interrupting sampling. This helps to better grasp the time series characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies and makes up for the uncertainty and omissions caused by previous technologies that can only perform interval sampling.

[0074] (3) Improved measurement accuracy: By integrating components that enhance measurement accuracy, such as mixing fans, thermometers, and pressure gauges, uniform gas mixing and accurate measurement of gas state parameters are ensured. Combined with the ideal gas state equation and regression analysis calculation, the calculation of emission flux is more accurate, reducing the uncertainty caused by human errors and environmental impacts.

[0075] (4) Wide application areas: In addition to being used in the study of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies, this patent can also be applied to the determination of greenhouse gas emission fluxes from terrestrial ecosystems, especially in the monitoring of unorganized emission sources in the waste treatment industry, demonstrating its broad application prospects and adaptability, and having direct practical value and technical advantages for the waste treatment industry.

[0076] (5) Technical superiority: Through technological innovation, this patent provides a new and efficient tool for global greenhouse gas emissions monitoring, and plays a vital role in deepening the understanding of the global greenhouse gas cycle mechanism and promoting the accuracy of carbon emissions accounting.

[0077] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic water body greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device, comprising a main housing (1), characterized in that: A plurality of flip assembly frames (2) are movably mounted on the outer surface of the main shell (1) via a lateral bracket, a solar energy supply panel (3) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the flip assembly frame (2), a rotary locking switch (4) is installed on the side wall of the flip assembly frame (2), a floating bottom plate (5) is installed on the bottom of the main shell (1) and the outer surface of the flip assembly frame (2), a bottom-mounted sampling groove (6) with an opening at the lower end is provided inside the floating bottom plate (5), a built-in sampler is fixedly mounted inside the main shell (1), and a built-in adjustable drive unit is installed inside the built-in sampler.

2. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper surface of the main housing (1) is fixedly equipped with a limit screw (7) protruding upward, and the upper end of the limit screw (7) is threadedly sleeved with a top carrying handle (8).

3. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized by: A top cover plate (9) matched with a limiting screw rod (7) is movably mounted on the outer side surface of the flip assembly frame (2), and an end limiting ring (10) arranged in a staggered manner is fixed to the end of the top cover plate (9).

4. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The built-in sampler comprises an internal collection shell (11) fixed on the inner bottom surface of the main shell (1), a temperature sensor (12), a pressure sensor (13) and a mixing fan (14) fixed on the inner top surface of the internal collection shell (11), an embedded sampling air pump (15) installed on the inner curved surface of the internal collection shell (11), and a sampling distributor (16) fixedly mounted on the outer side surface of the embedded sampling air pump (15), wherein an external flow guide tube (17) is fixedly mounted on the outer side surface of the sampling distributor (16).

5. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized by: A detachable air bag (18) is installed at the outer air outlet of the external flow guide tube (17).

6. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized by: The built-in adjustable drive unit comprises a bottom adjustment support rod (19) fixedly mounted on the inner top surface of the internal collection shell (11), a bottom flow guide cover (20) axially fixed to the bottom protruding end of the bottom adjustment support rod (19), an electrically controlled drive pump (21) mounted inside the bottom flow guide cover (20), and an electrically controlled adjustment cover (22) mounted on the arc-shaped opening outside the bottom flow guide cover (20).

7. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The bottom of the main shell (1) and the corresponding positions of the buoyancy-aiding bottom plate (5) are both provided with circular telescopic openings (23) that match the bottom air guide cover (20).

8. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: A circular inlet is provided at the bottom of the bottom flow guide cover (20), and a metal filter screen (24) is fixed inside the circular inlet.

9. The dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: The electrically controlled regulating cover (22) comprises an annular regulating cover (221) sleeved on a lateral opening of the bottom air guide cover (20), an regulating motor (222) fixed on an upper surface of the bottom air guide cover (221), and an regulating gear (223) axially fixed on the regulating motor (222).

10. An application method of a dynamic water greenhouse gas emission flux monitoring device, characterized in that: The flip assembly frame (2) on the outer side of the main shell (1) is flipped outward to a horizontal position, and then the rotary locking switch (4) is controlled to rotate so that the flip assembly frame (2) is fixed on the outer side of the main shell (1) to form a large-area support platform. The solar energy supply panel (3) on the support platform is used to supply power to all the electric control mechanisms on the device. Then, the bottom of the main shell (1) and the floating bottom plate (5) on the flip assembly frame (2) are used for floating support, so that the support platform is carefully placed on the surface of the water body to be tested, ensuring that the collector structure is closely attached to the surface of the water body through the floating bottom plate (5), thereby forming an effective gas sampling area; After deployment is completed, continuous gas sampling and data recording are performed. The air in the bottom gas sampling area is pumped into the internal collection shell (11) through an electrically controlled drive pump (21), and then the internal air is fully mixed through a mixing fan (14). Then, the embedded sampling air pump (15) is used to guide the air through a sampling distributor (16) and an external guide tube (17) into a detachable air bag (18) for sampling one by one. The sampling work is performed at intervals according to a preset time to cover emission changes from short to long periods. At each sampling moment, the gas concentration, temperature and pressure data in the collector are synchronously recorded to ensure that the temporal variability characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions from water bodies are fully captured; Combined with the ideal gas state equation, a mathematical model was established using the measured gas concentration, temperature and pressure data. Through linear regression analysis and statistical methods, the measured data were imported into the model for calculation, thus obtaining the precise emission flux of greenhouse gases in the water body.

Images