Wind cup type anemograph
By adopting a long -term passage and sealing brush in the wind speed instrument of the wind turbine to prevent foreign objects from entering, the problem of the wind speed instrument card is solved, the measurement accuracy and stability are improved, and the service life is prolonged.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411585146.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
The anemometer in the wind turbine is prone to jamming in harsh environments, resulting in inaccurate measurement and damage to mechanical components.
A wind cup -type wind speed instrument is designed, which uses a long -term passage and a combined structure to prevent foreign objects such as wind sand from entering the bearings, reducing the risk of astringent risk, and improving the stability and durability of the instrument through carbon fiber material and solid lubrication layer.
It effectively solves the problem of stuck in the operation of the wind speed instrument, improves the measurement accuracy and operating stability, extend the service life of the instrument, and reduce the maintenance cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN119375510A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of wind power generation, and in particular to a cup anemometer. Background Art
[0002] The cup anemometer is a common instrument for measuring wind speed. It has the advantages of a large wind measurement range and high strength, so it is widely used in wind speed measurement of wind turbines. The measurement accuracy of the anemometer directly affects the operation effect of the wind turbine. The control system of the wind turbine relies on wind speed data to adjust the blade angle and rotor speed to optimize energy capture and protect mechanical components from damage at extreme wind speeds. Inaccurate wind speed readings can cause the control system to make wrong decisions, thereby reducing the efficiency of the wind turbine and increasing mechanical stress. Inaccurate wind speed measurement may cause the wind turbine to fail to operate at the optimal working point, thereby reducing power generation. In extreme weather conditions, if the wind speed measurement is inaccurate, it may cause the wind turbine to fail to respond in time, fail to yaw or shut down in time at excessively high wind speeds, cause damage to the wind turbine, and even cause safety accidents. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the anemometer is crucial to wind turbines.
[0003] However, the operating environment of wind turbines is harsh. Due to weather influences such as wind and sand, foreign matter enters the bearings, causing the anemometer's rotational resistance to increase, resulting in jamming of the anemometer. Summary of the invention
[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a cup anemometer to solve the problem of anemometer jamming during operation in the related art.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a cup anemometer, comprising: a shell, a controller and an identification sensor connected to the controller signal are arranged in the shell, the shell comprises a bottom shell and a top shell connected to the bottom shell, the top shell is located above the bottom shell, and the width of the top shell is smaller than the width of the bottom shell; a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably passed through the top shell through a bearing, a sensor element capable of inductively cooperating with the identification sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft has a connecting section passing from bottom to top to the outside of the top shell; a wind cup member, comprising a connecting sleeve and a wind cup connected to the connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the connecting section and sleeved on the bearing and the outside of the top shell to form a narrow channel extending from bottom to top between the connecting sleeve and the top shell, the inlet of the narrow channel is located at the connection between the bottom shell and the top shell, and the outlet of the narrow channel is located at the bearing.
[0006] Furthermore, the cup anemometer further comprises a sealing brush, which is fixed at the connection between the bottom shell and the top shell, and the sealing brush comprises bristles, which are in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve. By arranging the sealing brush at the connection between the bottom shell and the top shell, the bristles of the sealing brush are in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve, which can effectively block foreign matter such as wind and sand, and prevent them from entering the bearing through the narrow passage, significantly reducing the risk of bearing jamming, and improving the operating stability and measurement accuracy of the cup anemometer.
[0007] Furthermore, the bristles include a first bristle group that is inclined from bottom to top and in transitional contact with the inner surface of the connecting sleeve and a second bristle group that is inclined from bottom to top and in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve, and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve is inserted between the first bristle group and the second bristle group. The first bristle group and the second bristle group contact the connecting sleeve from the inside and the outside respectively, forming a double seal. This design not only improves the sealing effect, but also can self-clean to a certain extent, prolongs the service life of the sealing brush, and further ensures the operating efficiency of the anemometer.
[0008] Furthermore, the sealing brush includes a brush holder fixed at the connection between the bottom shell and the top shell, the bristles are arranged on the brush holder, and the brush holder includes a first arc-shaped body and a second arc-shaped body arranged in opposite positions, and the first arc-shaped body and the second arc-shaped body enclose a fixed space so that the connection between the bottom shell and the top shell is located in the fixed space. The brush holder is composed of the first arc-shaped body and the second arc-shaped body arranged in opposite positions, and can fit tightly at the connection between the bottom shell and the top shell, ensuring the stability of the sealing brush, avoiding displacement or damage under the action of wind force, and enhancing the structural stability of the entire anemometer.
[0009] Furthermore, the ends of the bristles are at least two connected arc-shaped surfaces. This design reduces the friction between the bristles and the connecting sleeve when they are in contact, avoids the degradation of the sealing performance due to the wear of the bristles, and at the same time maintains a good dustproof effect, extending the maintenance cycle of the anemometer.
[0010] Furthermore, the cup anemometer further includes a dustproof seal ring, which is disposed between the connecting sleeve and the top shell and is located at the exit of the narrow passage. The dustproof seal ring located between the connecting sleeve and the top shell at the exit of the narrow passage can further block foreign matter that may enter the bearing through the narrow passage, forming a second line of defense to ensure that the long-term operation of the bearing is not affected by foreign matter.
[0011] Furthermore, the dustproof seal ring includes: a seal ring body and a seal ring lip, the seal ring body is fixed between the connecting sleeve and the top shell, and is located at the exit of the narrow and long channel, the seal ring lip extends from bottom to top and from the top shell to the outside of the connecting sleeve, and the seal ring lip is in transitional contact with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. The seal ring lip is in transitional contact with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, and the elastic characteristics of the seal ring lip are used to tightly fit the connecting sleeve, so that good sealing can be maintained even when the wind cup rotates at a high speed, reducing the possibility of foreign matter entering, and improving the reliability of the anemometer.
[0012] Furthermore, the sealing ring lip includes a lower corrugated layer and an upper corrugated layer arranged from bottom to top, and the number of corrugations in the upper corrugated layer is greater than the number of corrugations in the lower corrugated layer. Such a design increases the contact area between the sealing ring lip and the connecting sleeve, improves the self-cleaning ability of the sealing ring lip, and maintains good sealing performance even in long-term operation.
[0013] Furthermore, a support ring is embedded in the sealing ring body. The provision of the support ring enhances the structural strength of the dustproof sealing ring, reduces the possibility of deformation under wind impact, ensures that the sealing ring can still work effectively under extreme weather conditions, and improves the durability and environmental adaptability of the cup anemometer.
[0014] Furthermore, the material of the connecting sleeve is carbon fiber; and / or a solid lubricating layer is provided on the bearing. The connecting sleeve made of carbon fiber material is light and high-strength, reduces the rotational inertia of the wind cup, and improves the response speed of the anemometer to wind speed changes. The solid lubricating layer on the bearing reduces friction when the bearing is running, prolongs the service life of the bearing, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the wind cup anemometer.
[0015] The cup anemometer using the technical solution of the present invention comprises: a housing, a rotating shaft and a cup member. A controller and an identification sensor connected to the controller signal are arranged in the housing, the housing comprises a bottom housing and a top housing connected to the bottom housing, the top housing is located above the bottom housing, and the width of the top housing is smaller than the width of the bottom housing. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the top housing through a bearing, a sensor element capable of inductively cooperating with the identification sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft has a connecting section extending from bottom to top to the outside of the top housing. The cup member comprises a connecting sleeve and a cup connected to the connecting sleeve, the connecting sleeve is rotatably arranged on the connecting section and is sleeved outside the bearing and the top housing, so as to form a narrow and long channel extending from bottom to top between the connecting sleeve and the top housing, the inlet of the narrow and long channel is located at the connection between the bottom housing and the top housing, and the outlet of the narrow and long channel is located at the bearing. When the cup member rotates with the wind, the rotating shaft drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the sensor element inductively cooperates with the identification sensor, so that the identification sensor transmits an inductive signal to the controller, so that the controller can measure the wind speed. In the process of measuring the wind speed, under the action of gravity, if foreign matter such as wind and sand wants to enter the bearing, it needs to overcome the gravitational potential energy of the narrow passage. In this distance, the wind cannot do work on foreign matter such as sand. Without the action of force, it is difficult for foreign matter such as sand to invade from the inlet to the outlet along the narrow passage, thereby protecting the bearing from the influence of foreign matter invasion, so that the anemometer can operate smoothly and reduce the possibility of jamming. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of jamming of anemometer operation in the related art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a cup anemometer according to the present invention is shown.
[0018] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:
[0019] 10. Shell; 11. Bottom shell; 12. Top shell; 13. Identification sensor;
[0020] 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Bearing; 23. Sensing element;
[0021] 30. Wind cup member; 31. Connecting sleeve; 32. Wind cup; 33. Narrow passage;
[0022] 41. Sealing brush; 42. Dustproof sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a cup anemometer, and the embodiment of the cup anemometer includes: a housing 10, a rotating shaft 21, and a cup member 30. A controller and an identification sensor 13 connected to the controller signal are arranged in the housing 10, and the housing 10 includes a bottom housing 11 and a top housing 12 connected to the bottom housing 11, and the top housing 12 is located above the bottom housing 11, and the width of the top housing 12 is smaller than the width of the bottom housing 11. The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably arranged on the top housing 12 through a bearing 22, and a sensor element 23 capable of inductively cooperating with the identification sensor 13 is arranged on the rotating shaft 21, and the rotating shaft 21 has a connecting section extending from bottom to top to the outside of the top housing 12. The wind cup member 30 includes a connecting sleeve 31 and a wind cup 32 connected to the connecting sleeve 31. The connecting sleeve 31 can be rotatably mounted on the connecting section and mounted outside the bearing 22 and the top shell 12 to form a narrow channel 33 extending from bottom to top between the connecting sleeve 31 and the top shell 12. The inlet of the narrow channel 33 is located at the connection between the bottom shell 11 and the top shell 12, and the outlet of the narrow channel 33 is located at the bearing 22.
[0027] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, when the wind cup 30 rotates with the wind, the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, and the sensing element 23 cooperates with the identification sensor 13 so that the identification sensor 13 transmits the sensing signal to the controller, so that the controller can measure the wind speed. In the process of measuring the wind speed, under the action of gravity, if foreign matter such as wind and sand wants to enter the interior of the bearing 22, it needs to overcome the gravitational potential energy of the narrow channel 33, and within this distance, the wind cannot do work on foreign matter such as sand. Without the action of force, it is difficult for foreign matter such as sand to invade from the inlet to the outlet along the narrow channel 33, thereby protecting the bearing 22 from the influence of foreign matter invasion, so that the anemometer can operate smoothly and reduce the possibility of jamming. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem of jamming of the anemometer in the related art.
[0028] In this example, the sensor element 23 is a photosensitive sheet, and the identification sensor 13 matched therewith can be an infrared photoelectric sensor. The controller is a single chip microcomputer. A toothed blade is fixed on the rotating shaft 21. When the wind cup 30 rotates with the wind, the rotating shaft 21 drives the blade to rotate. The toothed blade continuously cuts the light beam in the optical path of the photoelectric switch, thereby linearly converting the wind speed into the output pulse frequency of the photoelectric switch. The single chip microcomputer in the housing 10 samples and calculates the output frequency of the infrared photoelectric sensor, and finally the instrument outputs the instantaneous wind speed, one-minute wind speed, instantaneous wind level, one-minute wind level, and average wind level.
[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the cup anemometer further includes a sealing brush 41, which is fixed at the connection between the bottom shell 11 and the top shell 12, and includes bristles, which are in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 31. By arranging the sealing brush at the connection between the bottom shell 11 and the top shell 12, the bristles thereof are in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 31, which can effectively block foreign matter such as wind and sand, and prevent them from entering the bearing 22 through the narrow passage, significantly reducing the risk of bearing jamming, and improving the operating stability and measurement accuracy of the cup anemometer.
[0030] It should be noted that the "transition contact" in this application is a contact mode between gap contact and interference contact, which has the following advantages:
[0031] 1) Improve wind speed sensitivity: By adopting transition contact, the contact between the connecting sleeve 31 and the sealing brush 41 or the dustproof sealing ring 42 will not be too tight, thereby reducing friction, allowing the wind cup 32 to rotate more easily under the same wind conditions, improving sensitivity to slight wind speed changes, and thus improving the accuracy of wind speed measurement.
[0032] 2) Reduce maintenance requirements: Compared with interference contact, transition contact reduces friction and wear between components, extends the service life of the sealing brush 41 and the dustproof sealing ring 42, and reduces the degradation of sealing performance due to wear, thereby reducing the need for regular inspection and replacement of these components and reducing maintenance costs.
[0033] 3) Enhanced sealing performance: Compared with gap contact, transition contact ensures that there is sufficient contact pressure between the connecting sleeve 31 and the sealing component (sealing brush 41 or dustproof sealing ring 42), forming an effective seal, preventing foreign matter such as wind and sand from entering the bearing through the narrow channel 33, protecting the bearing from wear and jamming risks, and improving the reliability and service life of the anemometer.
[0034] 4) Adaptability to harsh environments: Transitional contact can allow components to rotate freely under wind while maintaining a good seal between components. This design is particularly suitable for areas with strong sandstorms or harsh environments. It can ensure the accuracy of wind speed measurement while reducing sensitivity to harsh environments, thereby improving the environmental adaptability of the cup anemometer.
[0035] 5) Improve overall performance: By reducing friction and improving sealing, transition contact helps to improve the overall performance of the cup anemometer, allowing the anemometer to respond quickly under various wind speed conditions, while reducing the failure rate caused by foreign matter intrusion, ensuring the safe operation of wind turbines and efficient use of energy.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the bristles include a first bristle group that is inclined from bottom to top and in transitional contact with the inner surface of the connecting sleeve 31 and a second bristle group that is inclined from bottom to top and in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 31, and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve 31 is inserted between the first bristle group and the second bristle group. The first bristle group and the second bristle group contact the connecting sleeve 31 from the inside and the outside respectively, forming a double seal. This design not only improves the sealing effect, but also can self-clean to a certain extent, prolongs the service life of the sealing brush, and further ensures the operating efficiency of the anemometer.
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the sealing brush 41 includes a brush holder fixed at the connection between the bottom shell 11 and the top shell 12, the bristles are arranged on the brush holder, and the brush holder includes a first arc-shaped body and a second arc-shaped body arranged in opposite positions, and the first arc-shaped body and the second arc-shaped body enclose a fixed space so that the connection between the bottom shell 11 and the top shell 12 is located in the fixed space. The brush holder is composed of the first arc-shaped body and the second arc-shaped body arranged in opposite positions, which can fit tightly at the connection between the bottom shell 11 and the top shell 12, ensure the stability of the sealing brush, avoid displacement or damage under the action of wind force, and enhance the structural stability of the entire anemometer.
[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the end of the bristle is at least two connected arc-shaped surfaces. This design reduces the friction when the bristle contacts the connecting sleeve 31, avoids the degradation of the sealing performance due to the wear of the bristle, and maintains a good dustproof effect, thereby extending the maintenance cycle of the anemometer.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the cup anemometer further includes a dustproof seal ring 42, which is disposed between the connecting sleeve 31 and the top shell 12 and located at the exit of the narrow passage 33. The dustproof seal ring located at the exit of the narrow passage 33 between the connecting sleeve 31 and the top shell 12 can further block foreign matter that may enter the bearing 22 through the narrow passage, forming a second line of defense to ensure that the long-term operation of the bearing is not affected by foreign matter.
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the dustproof seal ring 42 includes: a seal ring body and a seal ring lip. The seal ring body is fixed between the connecting sleeve 31 and the top shell 12 and is located at the exit of the narrow and long channel 33. The seal ring lip extends from bottom to top and from the top shell 12 to the outside of the connecting sleeve 31. The seal ring lip is in transitional contact with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31. The seal ring lip is in transitional contact with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 31, and the elastic characteristics of the seal ring lip are used to closely fit the connecting sleeve, so that good sealing can be maintained even when the wind cup 32 rotates at a high speed, reducing the possibility of foreign matter entering and improving the reliability of the anemometer.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the sealing ring lip includes a lower corrugated layer and an upper corrugated layer arranged from bottom to top, and the number of corrugations in the upper corrugated layer is greater than that in the lower corrugated layer. Such a design increases the contact area between the sealing ring lip and the connecting sleeve 31, improves the self-cleaning ability of the sealing ring lip, and maintains good sealing performance even in long-term operation.
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a support ring is embedded in the sealing ring body. The setting of the support ring enhances the structural strength of the dustproof sealing ring, reduces the possibility of deformation under wind impact, ensures that the sealing ring can still work effectively under extreme weather conditions, and improves the durability and environmental adaptability of the cup anemometer.
[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the material of the connecting sleeve 31 is carbon fiber; a solid lubricating layer is provided on the bearing 22. The connecting sleeve 31 made of carbon fiber material is light and high-strength, which reduces the rotational inertia of the wind cup 32 and improves the response speed of the anemometer to wind speed changes. The solid lubricating layer on the bearing 22 reduces friction when the bearing is running, prolongs the service life of the bearing, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the wind cup anemometer.
[0044] In order to overcome the influence of wear caused by long-term operation of the anemometer on the rotation of the bearing, a solid lubricating layer is provided on the bearing 22, so that the lubricating property of the anemometer is improved by using a self-lubricating bearing. Since polytetrafluoroethylene can still maintain its self-lubricating property at low temperature, the solid lubricating layer uses polytetrafluoroethylene as a solid lubricant to treat the bearing. When the bearing rotates, due to the self-spinning motion of the rolling element, friction is generated between the rolling element and the cage. Due to the repeated contact and extrusion of the micro-convex body on the contact surface of the rolling element, small band-shaped grooves will be formed on the contact surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene structure cage. Since the structure of polytetrafluoroethylene is a strip structure, the adhesion is much smaller than that of metal. In the friction process, the strip-shaped fragments of polytetrafluoroethylene are continuously adhered-flattened-adhered-flattened again, and a transfer film is gradually formed. The transfer film has a certain thickness (about 100μm-130μm), and its structure is a small band-shaped additional layer. Similarly, during the friction process, a PTFE transfer film can be formed on the inner and outer ring raceways of the rolling element. Due to the microscopic unevenness of the surface, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is plowed and squeezed to produce small fragments, which are adhered to the raceway surface and then flattened and extended to gradually form a lubricating transfer film of polytetrafluoroethylene. The thickness of the transfer film on the raceway is only 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the transfer film on the rolling element. When a certain thickness of self-lubricating transfer film is formed on the inner and outer ring raceways of the rolling element, the friction coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene is sharply reduced, and the rotation characteristics of the bearing are improved.
[0045] Therefore, the technical solution of the present application eliminates the anemometer bearing jamming problem from two directions: preventing foreign matter from invading and enhancing the lubrication characteristics of the anemometer bearing itself, so that the bearing has a long service life, good stability, and can operate for a long time without replacement.
[0046] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.
[0047] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.
[0048] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A cup anemometer, characterized in that: include: A housing (10), wherein a controller and an identification sensor (13) connected to the controller signal are arranged inside the housing (10), the housing (10) comprising a bottom housing (11) and a top housing (12) connected to the bottom housing (11), the top housing (12) being located above the bottom housing (11), and the width of the top housing (12) being smaller than the width of the bottom housing (11); A rotating shaft (21), the rotating shaft (21) being rotatably disposed on the top shell (12) via a bearing (22), the rotating shaft (21) being provided with a sensor element (23) capable of inductively cooperating with the identification sensor (13), and the rotating shaft (21) having a connecting section extending from bottom to top to the outside of the top shell (12); The wind cup member (30) comprises a connecting sleeve (31) and a wind cup (32) connected to the connecting sleeve (31); the connecting sleeve (31) is rotatably mounted on the connecting section and mounted outside the bearing (22) and the top shell (12) to form a narrow channel (33) extending from bottom to top between the connecting sleeve (31) and the top shell (12); the inlet of the narrow channel (33) is located at the connection between the bottom shell (11) and the top shell (12); and the outlet of the narrow channel (33) is located at the bearing (22).
2. The cup anemometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cup anemometer further comprises a sealing brush (41), wherein the sealing brush (41) is fixed at the connection between the bottom shell (11) and the top shell (12), and the sealing brush (41) comprises bristles, and the bristles are in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve (31).
3. The cup anemometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bristles comprise a first bristle group which is inclined from bottom to top and in transitional contact with the inner surface of the connecting sleeve (31), and a second bristle group which is inclined from bottom to top and in transitional contact with the outer surface of the connecting sleeve (31), and the bottom end of the connecting sleeve (31) is inserted between the first bristle group and the second bristle group.
4. The cup anemometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing brush (41) comprises a brush holder fixed to the connection between the bottom shell (11) and the top shell (12), the bristles being arranged on the brush holder, the brush holder comprising a first arc-shaped body and a second arc-shaped body being arranged in opposition, the first arc-shaped body and the second arc-shaped body enclosing a fixed space so that the connection between the bottom shell (11) and the top shell (12) is located within the fixed space.
5. The cup anemometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ends of the bristles are at least two connected arc-shaped surfaces.
6. The cup anemometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cup anemometer further comprises a dustproof sealing ring (42), wherein the dustproof sealing ring (42) is arranged between the connecting sleeve (31) and the top shell (12) and is located at the exit of the narrow and long channel (33).
7. The cup anemometer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dustproof sealing ring (42) comprises: a sealing ring body and a sealing ring lip, wherein the sealing ring body is fixed between the connecting sleeve (31) and the top shell (12) and is located at the exit of the narrow and long channel (33), and the sealing ring lip extends from bottom to top and from the top shell (12) to the outside of the connecting sleeve (31), and the sealing ring lip is in transitional contact with the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (31).
8. The cup anemometer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sealing ring lip comprises a lower corrugated layer and an upper corrugated layer arranged from bottom to top, and the number of corrugations in the upper corrugated layer is greater than the number of corrugations in the lower corrugated layer.
9. The cup anemometer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A supporting ring is embedded in the sealing ring body.
10. The cup anemometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The connecting sleeve (31) is made of carbon fiber; and / or the bearing (22) is provided with a solid lubricating layer.