Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. A radiation patch comprises a first grounding point, a feeding point and a second grounding point which are sequentially arranged along a first direction; the signal source is used for exciting the radiation patch to form a target resonance mode supporting a Bluetooth frequency band, the target resonance mode at least forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in a second direction, and the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch in the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch in the second direction; the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch in the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side edge of the radiation patch in the second direction, and the peripheral side edge of the radiation patch is used for forming a clockwise or anticlockwise annular magnetic current between the peripheral side edge of the radiation patch and the reference floor in a target resonance mode. According to the invention, the stability of Bluetooth communication is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The Bluetooth antenna in existing electronic devices has a limited radiation direction. In some scenarios, such as when placed in a pocket or worn on the wrist, the power of the Bluetooth antenna is likely to drop significantly, causing Bluetooth freezes and reducing user experience. Therefore, how to improve the performance stability of Bluetooth antennas in electronic devices has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides an antenna assembly for improving the performance stability of a Bluetooth antenna in an electronic device and an electronic device having the antenna assembly.

[0004] The present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0005] Reference floor;

[0006] A radiation patch, the radiation patch is opposite to the reference floor and is spaced apart from each other; the length of the radiation patch in a first direction is greater than the length in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the radiation patch comprises a first grounding point, a feeding point and a second grounding point sequentially arranged along the first direction, the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both grounded; and

[0007] A signal source, the signal source is electrically connected to the feeding point, the signal source is used to excite the radiation patch to form a target resonance mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band, the target resonance mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction, and the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the second direction, the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the second direction, and the peripheral side of the radiation patch is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current with the reference floor in the target resonance mode.

[0008] The present application provides an electronic device, which includes a back cover and at least one antenna assembly as described above, and the electronic device is used to communicate Bluetooth signals with a Bluetooth headset through the antenna assembly; the back cover is arranged opposite to the reference floor, and the back cover is located between the reference floor and the radiation patch.

[0009] The antenna assembly and electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application are designed with a radiating patch that is opposite to and spaced from a reference floor, wherein the length of the radiating patch in a first direction is greater than the length in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the radiating patch includes a first grounding point, a feeding point, and a second grounding point that are sequentially arranged along the first direction, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both grounded; a signal source is electrically connected to the feeding point, the signal source is used to excite the radiating patch to form a target resonance mode that supports the Bluetooth frequency band, the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both current strong points in the target resonance mode, and the target resonance mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode that supports the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction. The electrical length between the first grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the second direction, the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the second direction, and the peripheral side of the radiation patch is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic flow with the reference floor in the target resonance mode, so that the radiation energy of the antenna component is emitted along an angle close to the radiation patch, so that the Bluetooth signal can be effectively transmitted when the antenna component is placed in a pocket, thereby improving the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a communication device system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial exploded structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 4 The following are the scenes of a creeping wave antenna with the ability to diffract the human body and a scene of an antenna without the ability to diffract the human body;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the creeping wave antenna;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ideal creeping wave antenna;

[0017] Figure 7 is the radiation pattern of an ideal creeping wave antenna;

[0018] Figure 8They are antenna ANT1 and antenna ANT2 with two different radiation directions;

[0019] Fig. 9 is a top view of the first antenna assembly and the reference floor provided by the present application;

[0020] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Provided antenna assembly and reference floor cross-section through the feed point;

[0021] Fig.11 is a current distribution diagram of the first antenna assembly provided in the present application;

[0022] Fig.12 is an electric field distribution diagram of the first antenna assembly provided in the present application;

[0023] Fig.13 is a magnetic flow distribution diagram of the first antenna assembly provided in the present application;

[0024] Fig.14 It is a stereogram of a TM10 mode patch antenna provided by the present application;

[0025] Fig.15 yes Fig.14 The current distribution diagram of a TM10 mode patch antenna is provided;

[0026] Fig.16 yes Fig.14 The electric field distribution diagram of a TM10 mode patch antenna is provided;

[0027] Fig.17 yes Fig.14 A magnetic flux distribution diagram of a TM10 mode patch antenna is provided;

[0028] Fig.18 yes Fig.14 Directional pattern of the provided patch antenna;

[0029] Fig.19 is a top view of a second antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0030] Fig. 20 is a current distribution diagram of a radiation patch on a second antenna assembly provided in the present application;

[0031] Fig.21 is a top view of a third antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0032] Fig. 22 is a top view of a fourth antenna assembly and a reference floor provided by the present application;

[0033] Fig.23It is a circuit block diagram of the switch control unit, the first Bluetooth antenna, and the second Bluetooth antenna provided in the present application;

[0034] Fig.24 This embodiment of the present application provides a comparative reference model;

[0035] Fig.25 It is the transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antenna and receiving antenna;

[0036] Fig.26 Is adopted Fig.14 The transmission coefficient curve of the patch antenna in TM10 working mode as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna is provided;

[0037] Fig. 27 Is adopted Fig.14 The directional pattern of the patch antenna in TM10 working mode is provided;

[0038] Fig.28 yes Fig.19 The TM01 mode antenna assembly is provided as the receiving antenna, and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna model;

[0039] Fig.29 yes Fig.19 Provide the directional pattern of the antenna assembly in TM01 mode;

[0040] Fig.30 yes Fig.19 The tangential electric field distribution when the antenna assembly of the provided TM01 mode is used as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna model;

[0041] Fig.31 yes Fig.19 The transmission coefficient curve of the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna;

[0042] Fig.32 yes Fig.19 Provides a comparison of the lateral transmission coefficients of the antenna assembly of the TM01 mode, the ideal monopole antenna, and the patch antenna of the TM10 mode;

[0043] Fig.33 This is a scene diagram of the radiation patch of the antenna component of the TM01 mode relative to the human body;

[0044] Fig.34 It is the transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly with blocked TM01 mode as receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as transmitting antenna;

[0045] Fig.35It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application provided with a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly;

[0046] Fig.36 is a structural diagram of a second antenna assembly provided by the implementation of this application;

[0047] Fig.37 yes Fig.35 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly is used as the transmitting antenna, and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the receiving antenna model;

[0048] Fig.38 yes Fig.35 The transmission coefficient curve of the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly as the transmitting antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the receiving antenna;

[0049] Fig.39 The embodiment of the present application provides a reference model in which two ideal monopole antennas are respectively a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna in longitudinal transmission;

[0050] Fig.40 It is the longitudinal transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antenna and receiving antenna;

[0051] Fig.41 Is adopted Fig.14 The patch antenna in TM10 working mode is used as the receiving antenna, and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the longitudinal transmission model of the transmitting antenna;

[0052] Fig.42 Is adopted Fig.14 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the patch antenna in TM10 working mode as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna;

[0053] Fig.43 The longitudinal transmission model is a TM01-mode antenna assembly as a receiving antenna and an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna;

[0054] Fig.44 It is the longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna;

[0055] Fig.45 yes Fig.19 Provides a comparison of the longitudinal transmission coefficients of the antenna assembly of the TM01 mode, the ideal monopole antenna, and the patch antenna of the TM10 mode;

[0056] Fig.46 yes Fig.21 The lateral transmission coefficient curve of the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna;

[0057] Fig.47 yes Fig.21 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna;

[0058] Fig.48 yes Fig. 9 The lateral transmission coefficient curve of the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna;

[0059] Fig.49 yes Fig. 9 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the provided TM01 mode antenna assembly as the receiving antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0061] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in the embodiments of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0062] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0063] When an electronic device fits closely to the human body (for example, folded and placed in a pocket or worn on a wrist, etc.), and the electronic device needs to communicate with a Bluetooth headset via Bluetooth, the Bluetooth signal may be weakened, resulting in problems such as Bluetooth signal transmission jamming. For example, with the development of foldable mobile phones, the antenna performance of foldable mobile phones will be reduced after being folded due to the reduction of the reference floor, the interference of other antennas or metal structures after folding, etc., and when the folded mobile phone is placed in a pocket, the frequency deviation and performance degradation caused by human body absorption will cause problems, resulting in weakened Bluetooth signal transmission. Based on this, it is a technical problem that needs to be solved to achieve that the electronic device can effectively transmit Bluetooth signals when it is placed in a pocket, reduce the frequency deviation and performance degradation caused by human body absorption, and improve the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device.

[0064] The present application can effectively solve the problem of being able to effectively transmit Bluetooth signals when the electronic device is placed in a pocket, reduce frequency deviation and performance degradation caused by human body absorption, and improve the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device, which has become a technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0065] See also Figure 1 The present application provides a communication device system 10000 including a Bluetooth headset 2000 and an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes at least one antenna assembly 100, and the electronic device 1000 communicates with the Bluetooth headset 2000 via Bluetooth signals through the antenna assembly 100.

[0066] The electronic device 1000 includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a wearable device (wearable watch, etc.) and other devices with Bluetooth communication function. Among them, the mobile phone can be a straight phone or a folding phone. The embodiment of the present application is described by taking a folding phone as an example, and other electronic devices 1000 can refer to this embodiment. The inventive concept of the present application can also be extended to other non-Bluetooth frequency bands, which also fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0067] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated by taking the electronic device 1000 as a folding mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 1000 can be moved to a folded state or an unfolded state by rotation, or moved to a folded state or an unfolded state by sliding. This application takes the electronic device 1000 moving to a folded state or an unfolded state by rotation as an example. The electronic device 1000 also includes a display screen 200 and a shell 300. The shell 300 includes a first shell 310 and a second shell 320 that are rotatably connected. The display screen 200 is laid on the first shell 310 and the second shell 320 to form the overall appearance of the electronic device 1000 and form a receiving space. The first shell 310 includes a first frame 311, a first middle plate and a first back cover 312. Among them, the first frame 311 is surrounded by the edge of the first back cover 312, and the first middle plate is opposite to the first back cover 312 and is arranged at intervals. One side or both sides of the first middle plate are provided with a receiving groove for accommodating devices such as batteries, motherboards, sensors, cameras, and receivers. The first middle plate includes but is not limited to metal alloy and plastic injection molding structure, wherein the metal alloy can be used as the reference ground of the electronic device 1000, and the grounding metal layer of the mainboard is electrically connected to the metal alloy. The second shell 320 includes a second frame 321, a second middle plate and a second back cover 322. Among them, the second frame 321 is arranged around the edge of the second back cover 322, and the second middle plate is opposite to the second back cover 322 and is arranged at intervals. One side or both sides of the second middle plate are provided with a receiving groove for accommodating devices such as batteries, mainboards, sensors, cameras, and receivers. The second middle plate includes but is not limited to metal alloy and plastic injection molding structure, wherein the metal alloy can be used as the reference ground of the electronic device 1000, and the grounding metal layer of the mainboard is electrically connected to the metal alloy. The above-mentioned reference ground can be equivalent to a foldable reference floor 400. Among them, the reference floor 400 of the electronic device 1000 includes a first sub-floor 410 and a second sub-floor 420. The reference ground in the first housing 310 may be equivalent to a substantially rectangular first sub-floor 410, and the reference ground in the second housing 320 may be equivalent to a substantially rectangular second sub-floor 420. When the electronic device 1000 is in a folded state, the first rear cover 312, the first sub-floor 410, the second sub-floor 420 and the second rear cover 322 are sequentially stacked in the thickness direction.

[0068] See also Figure 3, the display screen 200 includes a first fixing portion 210, a bending portion 220, and a second fixing portion 230 arranged in sequence. The first fixing portion 210 is fixedly connected to the first shell 310, and the second fixing portion 230 is fixedly connected to the second shell 320, and the fixing method thereof includes but is not limited to gluing, etc. The bending portion 220 is arranged on the rotating connection mechanism, and the connection method between the two can be a fixed connection or a non-connected state. The bending portion 220 bends when the foldable electronic device 1000 is in the foldable electronic device 1000, and its shape when bent is but is not limited to a water drop shape or a U shape. Of course, in other embodiments. The first shell 310 and the second shell 320 can be respectively provided with two independent display screens 200.

[0069] The antenna assembly 100 may be disposed between the first rear cover 312 and the first sub-floor 410 and / or between the second rear cover 322 and the second sub-floor 420. The rear cover facing the antenna assembly 100 is made of non-metallic material, so that the antenna assembly 100 can transmit and receive Bluetooth signals through the rear cover.

[0070] When the electronic device 1000 is a straight-screen mobile phone, the electronic device 1000 further includes a display screen and a housing. The display screen is laid on the housing to form the overall appearance of the electronic device 1000 and form a receiving space. The housing includes a frame, a middle plate and a back cover. Among them, the frame is arranged around the edge of the back cover, and the middle plate is arranged opposite to the back cover and spaced apart. One side or both sides of the middle plate are provided with a receiving groove for accommodating devices such as batteries, motherboards, sensors, cameras, and receivers. The middle plate includes but is not limited to metal alloys and plastic injection molding structures, wherein the metal alloy can be used as a reference ground for the electronic device 1000, and the grounding metal layer of the motherboard is electrically connected to the metal alloy. The reference floor of the electronic device 1000 is arranged opposite to the back cover. The radiation patch of the antenna assembly 100 can be arranged between the reference floor and the back cover. The back cover is made of non-metallic material at a position opposite to the radiator of the antenna assembly 100, so that the antenna assembly 100 can send and receive Bluetooth signals through the back cover. When the electronic device 1000 is a smart watch, the location of the antenna assembly 100 can refer to the implementation of the electronic device 1000 being a bar phone.

[0071] The antenna assembly 100 provided in the present application forms a creeping wave antenna, which effectively solves the problem of being able to effectively transmit Bluetooth signals when the electronic device 1000 is placed in a pocket, reduces frequency deviation and performance degradation caused by human body absorption, and improves the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device 1000.

[0072] Creeping wave antennas have the characteristics of diffracting human body radiation and have great application potential in wearable devices. In the field of mobile phones, the scene where the mobile phone is placed in the trouser pocket and the Bluetooth headset 2000 is worn on the ear is a very potential application scenario for creeping waves.

[0073] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 The following are the scenarios of creeping wave antennas with the ability to diffract the human body and the scenarios of antennas without the ability to diffract the human body. To better illustrate the application scenarios of creeping waves, when traditional antennas are applied to the human body, they cannot solve the problem of body occlusion in non-line-of-sight transmission. However, creeping wave antennas have the ability to diffract the human body, so even if the body blocks the signal, stable wireless communication can still be achieved. Figure 4 The picture on the right is a scene diagram of a creeping wave antenna that has the ability to diffract the human body. Figure 4 The picture on the left is a scene diagram of an antenna that does not have the ability to diffract the human body.

[0074] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the creeping wave antenna. Assume that the Tx antenna is a creeping wave antenna and the Rx antenna is a standard receiving antenna. When the creeping wave antenna is working, its radiation field can be seen to have at least two paths: the transmission path and the diffraction path. It can be clearly seen that the energy loss of the transmission field is very fast and quickly decays to a very low level in the human body, while the diffraction field still has a certain amount of energy and can reach the Rx antenna. That is, the energy received by the Rx antenna, the contribution from the transmission field can be ignored, and it is mainly diffraction energy.

[0075] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ideal creeping wave antenna. Figure 6 It is a vertically polarized rod-shaped monopole antenna. The rectangular piece below is the equivalent radiation ground, and the vertical section is a rod-shaped vertical monopole antenna, which works in the basic quarter-wavelength mode radiation.

[0076] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 It is the radiation pattern of the ideal creeping wave antenna. It can be seen that the ideal creeping wave antenna mainly scatters around the central axis in the normal direction of the radiation patch.

[0077] The radiation direction of an ideal creeping wave antenna is defined and explained below.

[0078] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 The two antennas are ANT1 and ANT2 with two different radiation directions. The main radiation direction of the antenna ANT1 is close to horizontal radiation, that is, similar to Figure 7The main radiation of antenna ANT2 is close to the vertical direction. When antenna ANT1 and antenna ANT2 are placed on the human body at the same time, the propagation direction of antenna ANT1 is basically along the human body, that is, on-body radiation. Since the propagation direction of antenna ANT1 is perpendicular to the human body, the main energy is quickly radiated along the off-body direction. Obviously, antenna ANT1 has better radiation ability along the human body, that is, diffraction ability. Among them, antenna ANT1 is the above-mentioned ideal creeping wave antenna. The main transmission direction of the ideal creeping wave antenna is on-body transmission, and it has better radiation ability along the human body, that is, diffraction ability. In the scenario where the mobile phone is placed in the trouser pocket and the Bluetooth headset 2000 is worn on the ear, the ideal creeping wave antenna is used in the mobile phone. The ideal creeping wave antenna radiates energy along the human body, and then transmits the Bluetooth signal to the Bluetooth headset 2000, so as to improve the Bluetooth communication stability in the scenario where the mobile phone is placed in the trouser pocket and the Bluetooth headset 2000 is worn on the ear, and prevent freezes.

[0079] Since the ideal creeping wave antenna occupies a large space in the direction perpendicular to the reference floor (for example, 10mm-20mm is required), and the thickness direction of the mobile phone cannot provide the above space, it cannot be used in the mobile phone. In addition, in order to realize the transmission of Bluetooth signals along the human body, not only the main transmission direction of the antenna needs to be on-body transmission, but also the direction of the electric field between the antenna and the reference floor needs to be perpendicular to the direction of the human body, because if the electric field is parallel to the direction of the human body, the electric field will be absorbed by the human body during the transmission process, resulting in low transmission efficiency.

[0080] The present application provides an antenna assembly 100 whose radiation direction is on-body transmission and whose electric field direction between the radiator and the reference floor is perpendicular to the direction of the human body. The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0081] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The antenna assembly 100 includes a radiation patch 10, a signal source 20 and a reference floor 400. Optionally, the radiation patch 10 is located between the first sub-floor 410 and the first back cover 312.

[0082] The length of the radiation patch 10 along the first direction D1 is greater than the length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2 , and the first direction D1 is perpendicular to the second direction D2 .

[0083] The radiation patch 10 is opposite to the reference floor 400 and is arranged at an interval, and this interval can be in the millimeter level. Therefore, the thickness of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the present application is much smaller than that of an ideal creeping wave antenna, and can be used in electronic devices 1000 such as mobile phones. The radiation patch 10 includes a first grounding point B, a feeding point A, and a second grounding point C arranged in sequence along a first direction D1. The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both grounded, that is, electrically connected to the reference floor 400, and the specific electrical connection method includes but is not limited to connection through a conductive column and a conductive via.

[0084] The signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point A, and the specific feeding method is but not limited to capacitive coupling feeding or direct electrical connection feeding.

[0085] The signal source 20 is used to excite the radiation patch 10 to form a target resonance mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0086] The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both current strong points in the target resonance mode. The current strong point means that the current intensity around the first grounding point B (or the second grounding point C) gradually decreases as it moves away from the first grounding point B (or the second grounding point C).

[0087] See also Fig.11 , the target resonance mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction D2. In other words, the current distribution on at least part of the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2 is that the current gradually weakens from the center to both sides. The electrical length of the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2 is approximately 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0088] The electrical length described in this application may satisfy the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in free space.

[0091] For further information, see Fig.11, the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the side of the radiation patch 10 along the first direction D1 is smaller than the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the side of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. The electrical length between the second grounding point C and the side of the radiation patch 10 along the first direction D1 is smaller than the electrical length between the second grounding point C and the side of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. Since the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are arranged along the first direction D1, the radiation patch 10 does not form a resonant mode in the first direction D1, that is, the target resonant mode does not form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the first direction D1. It can be understood that the current in the first direction D1 is a distributed current and no resonant current is formed. The intensity of the distributed current is relatively uniform, for example, all are weak currents.

[0092] The above-mentioned current distribution of the target resonance mode makes the electric field between the peripheral side of the radiation patch 10 along the first direction D1 and the reference floor 400 a strong electric field, and the two sides between the peripheral side of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2 and the reference floor 400 are also strong electric fields, and the electric field strength decreases along the second direction D2 to the center position. In this way, in the target resonance mode, a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic flow is formed in the gap between the peripheral side of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400. The energy near the central axis (along the normal direction) perpendicular to the radiation patch 10 will cancel each other because the magnetic flow directions on the two opposite sides are opposite. The energy away from the central axis (along the normal direction) of the radiation patch 10 will form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band along the second direction D2, that is, the phase difference along the second direction D2 is 180 degrees, and it is affected by the opposite magnetic flow on the two sides along the second direction D2, so that field superposition is generated at a position away from the central axis of the radiation patch 10, forming a main lobe, forming multiple lobes as a whole, and forming omnidirectional radiation; in addition, since the radiation patch 10 is opposite to the reference floor 400, when the electronic device 1000 is placed in a pocket, the radiation patch 10 is opposite to the surface of the human body. An electric field perpendicular to the surface of the human body is formed between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 to reduce the absorption of the radiation electric field by the human body. In this way, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application satisfies the requirement that the electric field is transmitted perpendicular to the human body and the radiation direction is on-body (transmitted in the direction close to the human body), thereby increasing the transmission efficiency when the electronic device 1000 is close to the human body (for example, folded in a pocket or worn on a wrist, etc.) to transmit the Bluetooth signal to the Bluetooth headset 2000 at the ear, and effectively preventing the Bluetooth signal from being stuck when the electronic device 1000 is in a folded scenario, a pocket scenario, or a worn scenario.

[0093] The antenna assembly 100 and the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application are designed with a radiation patch 10 that is opposite to and spaced from the reference floor 400. The radiation patch 10 includes a first grounding point B, a feeding point A and a second grounding point C that are sequentially arranged along a first direction D1, and the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both grounded; the signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point A, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiation patch 10 to form a target resonance mode that supports the Bluetooth frequency band. The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are both current strong points in the target resonance mode, and the target resonance mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode that supports the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction D2. The circumferential side of the radiation patch 10 is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic current between the reference floor 400 in the target resonance mode, so that the radiation energy of the antenna assembly 100 is emitted along an angle close to the radiation patch 10, and thus the Bluetooth signal can be effectively transmitted when the antenna assembly 100 is placed in a pocket, thereby improving the performance stability of the Bluetooth antenna in the electronic device 1000.

[0094] In the present application, the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is less than or equal to 60°. If the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is greater than 60°, such as 70°, 80°, or 90°, the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 and the normal direction of the radiation patch 10 is small, and most of the energy is radiated in a direction approximately perpendicular to the human body, and a creeping wave cannot be formed. In the pocket scenario, the Bluetooth signal radiated by the antenna component 100 in the electronic device 1000 is difficult to be transmitted along the human body to the Bluetooth headset 2000 in the ear.

[0095] In this embodiment, by designing the relative positions of the first grounding point B, the feeding point A, and the second grounding point C on the radiation patch 10, the peripheral side of the radiation patch 10 is used to form a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic flow between the reference floor 400 in the target resonance mode, and the energy field in the direction where the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is greater than 60° is offset, thereby achieving that the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is less than or equal to 60°. It can be understood that the above 60° is an example value. In other embodiments, the energy field in the direction where the angle between the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the target resonance mode and the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located is greater than 35°, 45°, 60°, 70°, etc. is offset, so that the Bluetooth signal radiated by the antenna component 100 in the electronic device 1000 in the pocket scenario can be transmitted to the Bluetooth headset 2000 in the ear after multiple reflections on the human body surface. Since the surface of the human body is not a standard plane, in actual application, the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the target resonance mode is allowed to have a certain smaller angle with the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located, so as to better achieve the Bluetooth signal radiated by the antenna component 100 in the electronic device 1000 crawling along the human body to the Bluetooth headset 2000 at the ear.

[0096] The present application does not limit the shape of the radiation patch 10. Optionally, the radiation patch 10 is a symmetrical shape at least in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The shape of the radiation patch 10 includes but is not limited to a rectangle, a square, a circle, etc., so that the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is more omnidirectional, which facilitates the electronic device 1000 to effectively perform Bluetooth communication at all angles and reduce the jamming problem.

[0097] This application takes the radiation patch 10 as a rectangular patch as an example to illustrate the current distribution, electric field distribution, and magnetic current distribution on the radiation patch 10.

[0098] See also Fig. 9 , the circumferential side of the radiation patch 10 includes a first side 11, a second side 12, a third side 13, and a fourth side 14 arranged in sequence. The first side 11 and the third side 13 both extend along the second direction D2. The second side 12 and the fourth side 14 both extend along the first direction D1. The present application does not limit the length of the first side 11 and the second side 12. Optionally, the length of the first side 11 is less than or equal to the second side 12. This embodiment is specifically described by taking the length of the second side 12 being slightly greater than the length of the first side 11, that is, the first side 11 and the third side 13 are both longitudinal short sides, and the second side 12 and the fourth side 14 are both transverse long sides as an example.

[0099] Optionally, the feeding point A is located at the geometric center of the radiation patch 10. The first grounding point B and the second grounding point C are symmetrically distributed about the feeding point A to form a symmetrical directional pattern, thereby forming a directional pattern with strong omnidirectionality, avoiding the problem of directional pattern distortion and directional pattern asymmetry caused by the feeding point A deviating from the geometric center of the radiation patch 10.

[0100] See also Fig.11 , the current distribution of the first side 11 and the third side 13 of the radiation patch 10 in the present application: since the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band along the second direction D2, the current in the area near the second side 12 on the first side 11 is a weak current, the current near the center of the first side 11 is a strong current, and the area near the fourth side 14 on the first side 11 is a weak current. The current in the area near the second side 12 on the third side 13 is a weak current, the current near the center of the third side 13 is a strong current, and the area near the fourth side 14 on the third side 13 is a weak current.

[0101] The current distribution of the second side 12 and the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10 in the present application: since the target resonance mode does not form a resonance mode along the first direction D1 (no 1 / 2 wavelength mode is formed), a relatively uniform weak current is formed on the second side 12 and the fourth side 14.

[0102] In the present application, since the radiation patch 10 is opposite to the reference floor 400 and has a small distance, a capacitor structure is formed between the two. The above current distribution makes the target resonance mode form positive charges on the first side 11, the second side 12, the third side 13, and the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10, so that the electric field direction between the radiation patch 10 and the peripheral side of the reference floor 400 in the target resonance mode is perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located, and the electric field direction between the radiation patch 10 and each of the peripheral side of the reference floor 400 is the same, and further, the electric field direction between the radiation patch 10 and each of the peripheral side of the reference floor 400 is from the radiation patch 10 to the reference floor 400. Since the electric field is parallel to the human body surface during propagation along the human body surface, it will be absorbed by the human body. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electric field is designed to be perpendicular to the human body surface during propagation along the human body surface, which reduces the absorption of the electric field by the human body during propagation along the human body surface, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the Bluetooth signal.

[0103] See also Fig.12From the above current distribution, it can be seen that the distribution of the electric field between the first side 11, the second side 12, the third side 13, the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is as follows: the electric field in the area where the first side 11 is close to the second side 12 is a strong electric field, the electric field near the center of the first side 11 is a weak electric field, and the electric field in the area where the first side 11 is close to the fourth side 14 is a strong electric field. The direction of the electric field is that the first side 11 points to the reference floor 400 in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0104] The target resonance mode forms a weaker positive charge on the second side 12 , and the direction of the electric field is that the second side 12 points toward the reference floor 400 along a direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0105] The electric field in the area where the third side 13 is close to the second side 12 is a strong electric field, the electric field near the center of the third side 13 is a weak electric field, and the electric field in the area where the third side 13 is close to the fourth side 14 is a strong electric field. The direction of the electric field is that the third side 13 points to the reference floor 400 in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0106] The target resonance mode forms a weaker positive charge on the fourth side 14 , and the direction of the electric field is that the fourth side 14 points toward the reference floor 400 along a direction perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch 10 is located.

[0107] See also Fig.13 From the above electric field distribution, it can be known that the distribution of magnetic current between the first side 11, the second side 12, the third side 13, the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is:

[0108] In the second direction D2, the electric field strength between the radiation patch 10 and the peripheral edge of the reference floor 400 first decreases and then increases. In the first direction D1, the electric field strength between the radiation patch 10 and the peripheral edge of the reference floor 400 is a relatively uniform strong electric field, so that a circular magnetic flow having a magnetic flow zero point in the second direction D2 and no magnetic flow zero point in the second direction D2 is formed between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400.

[0109] Specifically, the target resonance mode is the TM01 mode. The energy between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is transmitted outward in the form of magnetic current. The electric field between the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is large on both sides and small in the middle, so the annular magnetic current forms a magnetic current zero point between the first side 11 and the reference floor 400. The position of the magnetic current zero point matches the position of the weak electric field, that is, near the center of the first side 11.

[0110] The electric fields between the second side 12 and the reference floor 400 are both strong electric fields, so the annular magnetic current forms 0 magnetic current zero point between the second side 12 and the reference floor 400.

[0111] The electric field between the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is larger on both sides and smaller in the middle, so the annular magnetic current forms a magnetic current zero point between the third side 13 and the reference floor 400. The position of the magnetic current zero point matches the position of the weak electric field, that is, near the center of the third side 13.

[0112] The electric fields between the fourth side 14 and the reference floor 400 are all strong electric fields, so the annular magnetic current forms 0 magnetic current zero point between the fourth side 14 and the reference floor 400.

[0113] Since the second side 12 and the fourth side 14 are long sides, and the first side 11 and the third side 13 are short sides, wherein 0 in TM01 refers to the number of zero points on the long side (the second side 12 or the fourth side 14), and 1 refers to the number of zero points on the short side (the first side 11 or the third side 13), it can be seen from the above that the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the second direction D2, and cannot form a resonant mode in the first direction D1.

[0114] The direction of the magnetic flow between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 is the normal direction around the radiation patch 10 , that is, a circular magnetic flow.

[0115] The present application hereinafter provides examples of the positions of the first grounding point B, the second grounding point C, and the feeding point A on the radiation patch 10 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the antenna assembly 100 forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction D2, and does not form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the first direction D1, so as to form a current distribution with weak sides and strong middle in the second direction D2, and form a uniform weak current in the first direction D1, that is, an electric field distribution with strong sides and weak middle in the second direction D2, and a uniform strong electric field in the first direction D1, and the direction of the electric field is the direction in which the radiation patch 10 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, thereby forming a circular magnetic current of the TM01 mode with 0 magnetic current zero points along the first direction D1 and 1 magnetic current zero point along the second direction D2 between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400. Since the energy is emitted from the gap between the radiation patch 10 and the reference floor 400 in the form of annular magnetic current, in the direction nearly perpendicular to the radiation patch 10, since the fields on both sides cancel each other out, basically no energy is emitted in the direction nearly perpendicular to the radiation patch 10. In the direction nearly parallel to the radiation patch 10, although the two sides are subjected to magnetic currents in opposite directions, since the path difference along the second direction D2 is 1 / 2 wavelength, the phase difference between the opposite magnetic currents on both sides is 180° when they are transmitted to the direction nearly parallel to the radiation patch 10. Then, the opposite magnetic currents on both sides are transmitted to the direction nearly parallel to the radiation patch 10, resulting in an energy field superposition effect, thereby forming a main lobe. Under the action of the main lobe, the antenna assembly 100 radiates energy on the surrounding side of the radiation patch 10 and in a direction nearly parallel to the radiation patch 10, and has omnidirectionality. The above forms a creeping wave antenna with a small size in the thickness direction and a high transmission efficiency.

[0116] Optional, see Fig.11 , the minimum electrical length between the first ground point B and the second side 12 is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the first ground point B and the fourth side 14 is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The minimum electrical length between the second ground point C and the second side 12 is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the second ground point C and the fourth side 14 is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0117] The minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second side 12 is the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the minimum distance between the second side 12 .

[0118] Optionally, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second side 12 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the first grounding point B and the second side 12. In this way, the first grounding point B is a current strong point, and after about 1 / 4 wavelength transmission, a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed on the second side 12. In this embodiment, with the first grounding point B as the center, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second side 12 is within the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths, which can realize the formation of a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, on the second side 12.

[0119] Accordingly, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the fourth side 14 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the first grounding point B and the fourth side 14. In this way, the first grounding point B is a current strong point, and after about 1 / 4 wavelength transmission, a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed on the fourth side 14. In this embodiment, with the first grounding point B as the center, the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the fourth side 14 is within the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, can be formed on the fourth side 14.

[0120] Optionally, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the second side 12 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonant mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the second grounding point C and the second side 12. In this way, the second grounding point C is a current strong point, and after about 1 / 4 wavelength transmission, a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed on the second side 12. In this embodiment, with the second grounding point C as the center, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the second side 12 is within the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, can be formed on the second side 12.

[0121] Accordingly, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the fourth side 14 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the target resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band between the second grounding point C and the fourth side 14. In this way, the second grounding point C is a current strong point, and after about 1 / 4 wavelength transmission, a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, is formed on the fourth side 14. In this embodiment, with the second grounding point C as the center, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the fourth side 14 is within the range of (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths, so that a current weak area, i.e., an electric field strong area, can be formed on the fourth side 14.

[0122] The above introduces a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the second direction D2, forming a current distribution that is weak on both sides and strong in the middle, that is, an electric field distribution that is strong on both sides and weak in the middle is formed in the second direction D2, and a magnetic current with a magnetic current zero point along the second direction D2, so that the magnetic currents of the first side 11 and the third side 13 away from the center are 180 degrees out of phase. Since the directions of the magnetic currents of the first side 11 and the third side 13 are opposite, a superimposed field is formed at a position away from the center, so that the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is on-body direction, satisfying the creeping wave condition.

[0123] In the present application, by setting the first grounding point B at the midpoint between the second side 12 and the fourth side 14, and by setting the second grounding point C at the midpoint between the second side 12 and the fourth side 14, the current distribution formed by the target resonant mode on the radiation patch 10 is a current distribution with the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C as the current center points and symmetrically distributed in the second direction D2, and thus the electric field strength distribution and direction between the second side 12 and the reference floor 400 are symmetrical with the electric field strength distribution and direction between the fourth side 14 and the reference floor 400 in the second direction D2.

[0124] See also Fig.11 , the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the first edge 11 is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, so that the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point B and the first edge 11 is much less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, avoiding the formation of a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the first grounding point B and the first edge 11. Moreover, the first grounding point B is a current strong point, the first grounding point B is close to the first edge 11, and the position of the first edge 11 facing the first grounding point B is also a current strong point. In this way, the position of the first edge 11 facing the first grounding point B is an electric field weak point, that is, a magnetic current zero point, so as to form a TM01 mode magnetic current on the first edge 11.

[0125] Correspondingly, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the third side 13 is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. Thus, the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point C and the third side 13 is much less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The second grounding point C is a strong current point. The second grounding point C is close to the third side 13. The position of the third side 13 facing the second grounding point C is also a strong current point. Thus, the position of the third side 13 facing the second grounding point C is a weak electric field point, i.e., a magnetic flux zero point, so as to form a TM01 mode magnetic flux on the third side 13. Moreover, the formation of a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the second grounding point C and the third side 13 is avoided, thereby avoiding the formation of a 1 / 2 wavelength resonance mode of the radiation patch 10 in the first direction D1. This is because if the radiation patch 10 forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the first direction D1, magnetic flux zero points will be generated on the second side 12 and the fourth side 14, and its working fundamental mode is the TM10 mode, then the TM01 annular magnetic flux cannot be formed, and the above-mentioned electric field distribution conditions cannot be formed, and thus the radiation direction cannot be achieved as on-body, and a creeping wave antenna cannot be formed.

[0126] The following describes the electric field distribution, magnetic current distribution and directional pattern of the patch antenna in the first direction D1 in a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0127] See also Fig.14 , Fig.14 Schematic diagram of a patch antenna structure that forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the first direction D1. The patch antenna is a rectangular patch, wherein the second side 12 and the fourth side 14 (i.e., the horizontal side) of the patch antenna are long sides. The first side 11 and the third side 13 (i.e., the longitudinal side) of the patch antenna are short sides.

[0128] See also Fig.15 , Fig.15 yes Fig.14 The current distribution diagram of the patch antenna is provided. When the radiator forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode on the long side, the center position of the radiator is the current strong point, the first side 11 and the third side 13 are the current weak areas, and the center position of the second side 12 and the center position of the fourth side 14 are the current strong points.

[0129] See also Fig.16 , Fig.16 yes Fig.14 The electric field distribution diagram between the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 is provided. Since the patch antenna forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the first direction D1, the center position of the radiator is a strong current point, the first side 11 and the third side 13 are weak current areas (i.e., strong electric field areas), and the center position of the second side 12 and the center position of the fourth side 14 are strong current points (strong electric field points).

[0130] The direction of the electric field between the first side 11 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is that the first side 11 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, and the electric field strength distribution is a strong electric field. The direction of the electric field between the area of ​​the second side 12 of the radiator close to the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is that the second side 12 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, and the electric field strength distribution is that the electric field strength gradually decreases, and the electric field strength is the smallest near the center of the second side 12. The direction of the electric field between the area of ​​the second side 12 of the radiator close to the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is that the reference floor 400 is perpendicular to the second side 12, and the electric field strength distribution is that the electric field strength gradually increases, and the electric field strength is the smallest near the center of the second side 12. Among them, the direction of the electric field between the third side 13 of the radiator and the reference floor 400 is that the reference floor 400 is perpendicular to the third side 13, and the electric field strength distribution is a strong electric field. The electric field direction distribution between the area of ​​the fourth side 14 of the radiator close to the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is that the fourth side 14 is perpendicular to the reference floor 400, and the electric field strength distribution is that the electric field strength gradually decreases, and the electric field strength is the smallest near the center of the fourth side 14. The electric field direction distribution between the area of ​​the fourth side 14 of the radiator close to the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is that the reference floor 400 is perpendicular to the fourth side 14, and the electric field strength distribution is that the electric field strength gradually increases, and the electric field strength is the smallest near the center of the fourth side 14.

[0131] See also Fig.17 , Fig.17 yes Fig.14 A magnetic current distribution diagram between the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 is provided. Wherein, due to the sudden change in the direction and intensity of the electric field at the center of the second side 12 and the center of the fourth side 14, according to the relationship between the magnetic current and the electric field, J=-n*E, where J represents the magnetic current and E represents the electric field. The magnetic current has zero points at the center of the second side 12 and the center of the fourth side 14. The direction of the magnetic current between the first side 11 of the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 is from the fourth side 14 to the second side 12. The direction of the magnetic current between the half of the second side 12 of the patch antenna close to the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is from the first side 11 to the third side 13, and the direction of the magnetic current between the half of the second side 12 of the patch antenna close to the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is from the third side 13 to the first side 11. The direction of the magnetic current between the third side 13 of the patch antenna and the reference floor 400 is from the fourth side 14 to the second side 12. The direction of the magnetic flow between the fourth side 14 of the patch antenna close to the half of the first side 11 and the reference floor 400 is from the third side 13 to the first side 11, and the direction of the magnetic flow between the fourth side 14 of the patch antenna close to the half of the third side 13 and the reference floor 400 is from the first side 11 to the third side 13.

[0132] Among them, the center position of the second side 12 and the center position of the fourth side 14 have magnetic current zero points, while the first side 11 and the third side 13 have no magnetic current zero points, indicating that the working fundamental mode of the patch antenna is the TM10 mode.

[0133] See also Fig.17 , assume that P1, P2, and P3 are all in the far field. P1 is basically located directly above the patch antenna. At this time, the magnetic currents of Jm1 and Jm2 segments superimpose the fields generated by each other, while the magnetic currents of Jm3 and Jm4, or Jm5 and Jm6 are in the opposite direction, and the fields generated are canceled. P2 is assumed to be in the rear far field. At this time, Jm1 and Jm2 contribute very little, mainly from Jm4 and Jm6, and Jm3 and Jm5. The magnetic currents are in the opposite direction, and the fields generated are canceled. Therefore, P2 is a weak field area. The position of P3 in the figure mainly contributes to Jm1 and Jm2, but the distance difference between Jm1 and Jm2 is half a wavelength, and the phase difference is 180 degrees, so the radiation to P3 is still canceled. In summary, only the top radiation is strong field radiation.

[0134] See also Fig.18 , Fig.18 yes Fig.14 The radiation pattern of the patch antenna is vertical and upward, and creeping waves cannot be formed.

[0135] The above experiments prove that if the patch antenna forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the first direction D1, it cannot form a creeping wave that is transmitted parallel to the human body. Based on this conclusion, the present application forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode on the short side of the radiation patch 10, and sets a first grounding point B and a second grounding point C in the long side direction of the radiation patch 10, so that the long side of the radiation patch 10 cannot form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode, thereby forming a magnetic current distribution corresponding to the TM01 mode of the working fundamental mode, and forming an omnidirectional radiation pattern with a lateral transmission direction.

[0136] Optional, see Fig.11 , the electrical length between the first ground point B and the feeding point A is less than 3 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. In this way, the electrical length between the first ground point B and the feeding point A is much less than 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, thereby avoiding the formation of a magnetic flux zero point on the horizontal long side and maintaining the electric field between the horizontal long side and the reference floor 400 as a strong electric field.

[0137] The electrical length between the second grounding point C and the feeding point A is less than 3 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. In this way, the electrical length between the second grounding point C and the feeding point A is much smaller than 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, thereby avoiding the formation of a magnetic flux zero point on the lateral long side of the radiation patch 10 and maintaining the electric field between the lateral long side and the reference floor 400 as a strong electric field. If the lateral long side of the radiation patch 10 forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band, a magnetic flux zero point will be generated on the lateral long side, and a circular magnetic flux cannot be formed, and the above-mentioned electric field distribution conditions cannot be formed, and the radiation direction cannot be realized as the on-body direction, and a creeping wave cannot be formed.

[0138] In a second alternative implementation, see Fig.19 , the second side 12 of the radiation patch 10 is provided with a first slot 121 extending toward the fourth side 14. The first slot 121 is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. Specifically, during the production process, when the frequency band supported by the radiation patch 10 is smaller than the Bluetooth frequency band, a first slot 121 extending toward the fourth side 14 can be provided on the second side 12 of the radiation patch 10. That is, the current path length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2 is reduced, and then the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is tuned toward the high frequency side, so that the frequency band supported by the radiation patch 10 is the Bluetooth frequency band. In addition, the opening of the first slot 121 can introduce perturbations, adjust the frequency and bandwidth, and have a certain ability to adjust the directional pattern.

[0139] Optionally, the size of the first slot 121 along the second direction D2 is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first side 11. If the size of the first slot 121 along the second direction D2 is less than 1 / 8 of the length of the first side 11, the frequency modulation effect may be small; if the size of the weak first slot 121 along the second direction D2 is greater than 3 / 16 of the length of the first side 11, the first slot 121 will have a greater impact on the current distribution on the radiation patch 10, affecting the annular magnetic current and radiation direction formed by the radiation patch 10.

[0140] For further information, see Fig.19, the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10 is provided with a second slot 141 extending toward the second side 12. The second slot 141 is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. Specifically, during the production process, when the frequency band supported by the radiation patch 10 is smaller than the Bluetooth frequency band, a second slot 141 extending toward the second side 12 can be provided on the fourth side 14 of the radiation patch 10. That is, the current path length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2 is reduced, and then the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is tuned to move toward the high frequency side, so that the frequency band supported by the radiation patch 10 is the Bluetooth frequency band. In addition, the second slot 141 can introduce perturbations, adjust the frequency and bandwidth, and have a certain ability to adjust the directional pattern.

[0141] Optionally, the size of the second slot 141 along the second direction D2 is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first side 11. If the size of the second slot 141 along the second direction D2 is less than 1 / 8 of the length of the first side 11, the frequency modulation effect may be small; if the size of the weak second slot 141 along the second direction D2 is greater than 3 / 16 of the length of the first side 11, the second slot 141 will have a greater impact on the current distribution on the radiation patch 10, affecting the annular magnetic current and radiation direction formed by the radiation patch 10.

[0142] Optionally, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 may be provided simultaneously or separately. Optionally, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 may be symmetrically provided or staggered in the second direction D2. Optionally, the first slot 121 may be provided at the center of the second side 12 and be collinear with the feeding point A, or the first slot 121 may be provided at a non-center position of the second side 12 and be non-collinear with the feeding point A. Optionally, the second slot 141 may be provided at the center of the fourth side 14 and be collinear with the feeding point A, or the second slot 141 may be provided at a non-center position of the fourth side 14 and be non-collinear with the feeding point A.

[0143] Optionally, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 may be rectangular, circular, etc. The extension direction of the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 may be along the second direction D2 or have a small angle with the second direction D2. The extension direction of the first slot 121 and the extension direction of the second slot 141 may be parallel or non-parallel.

[0144] In this embodiment, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeding point A, and the first slot 121, the feeding point A, and the second slot 141 are collinear. In this way, while achieving frequency modulation, the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is also ensured to be symmetrical, thereby forming omnidirectional radiation.

[0145] See also Fig. 20 , Fig. 20yes Fig.19 A current distribution diagram of the radiation patch 10 on the second antenna assembly 100 is provided. The current path of the radiation patch 10 is a butterfly shape as shown in the figure. Due to the setting of the first grounding point B and the second grounding point C in the horizontal direction, there is no half-wavelength mode in the horizontal direction, and a half-wavelength is introduced in the vertical direction. In addition, the first slot 121 and the second slot 141 are introduced in the vertical direction to increase the end boundary adjustment frequency band. At this time, the working mode of the antenna assembly 100 is the TM01 mode.

[0146] In a third alternative implementation, see Fig.21 The radiation patch 10 further includes a third grounding point D and a fourth grounding point E. The third grounding point D, the feeding point A and the fourth grounding point E are arranged in sequence along the second direction D2. The third grounding point D and the fourth grounding point E are both grounded.

[0147] The third ground point D and the fourth ground point E are used to tune the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100. The third ground point D and the fourth ground point E are both electric field strength points in the target resonance mode.

[0148] The third grounding point D is located between the feeding point A and the second side 12. The minimum electrical length between the third grounding point D and the second side 12 is greater than or equal to (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths of the Bluetooth frequency band. The electrical length between the third grounding point D and the feeding point A is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0149] The fourth grounding point E is located between the feeding point A and the second side 12. The electrical length between the fourth grounding point E and the fourth side 14 is greater than or equal to (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelengths of the Bluetooth frequency band. The electrical length between the fourth grounding point E and the feeding point A is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0150] Optionally, the third ground point D is close to the feeding point A, and the minimum electrical length between the third ground point D and the second side 12 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The fourth ground point E is close to the feeding point A, and the minimum electrical length between the fourth ground point E and the fourth side 14 is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. In this way, it is ensured that the radiation patch 10 forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode of the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction D2.

[0151] In this embodiment, the third grounding point D, the fourth grounding point E, and the feeding point A can be equivalently regarded as one point. This is equivalent to stretching the feeding point A along the second direction D2. The electrical length between the third grounding point D and the second side 12 is 1 / 14 of the wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the second side 12 is slightly larger than 1 / 14 of the wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. The electrical length between the fourth grounding point E and the fourth side 14 is 1 / 14 of the wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the first grounding point B and the fourth side 14 is slightly larger than 1 / 14 of the wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band. Compared with the above-mentioned embodiment, the size of the radiation patch 10 in the second direction D2 can be increased so that the radiation patch 10 forms a square patch. In this embodiment, the addition of the third grounding point D and the fourth grounding point E, on the one hand, ensures that there is always a 1 / 2 wavelength mode resonance in the second direction D2, so that the electric field between the second side 12, the fourth side 14 and the reference floor 400 are all strong electric fields. In this way, the electric field conditions and the circular magnetic current are ensured, and the radiation direction is on-body. The electric field of the antenna assembly 100 formed is perpendicular to the reference floor 400 and the radiation direction is horizontal transmission close to the reference floor 400, thereby improving the transmission stability of the Bluetooth frequency band.

[0152] In a fourth alternative implementation, see Fig. 22 , the radiation patch 10 also includes a third slot 15. The third slot 15 is provided between the feeding point A and the first grounding point B. The third slot 15 is used to increase the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2, so that the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 moves toward the low frequency. In actual production, if the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is greater than the Bluetooth frequency band, a third slot 15 may be provided between the feeding point A and the first grounding point B, so that the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is the Bluetooth frequency band, and then the Bluetooth frequency band is tuned. The area between the feeding point A and the first grounding point B is a strong current area, and the tuning efficiency of arranging the third slot 15 at this position is higher.

[0153] In this embodiment, the third slot 15 is different from the first slot 121 in that the first slot 121 is disposed at the edge, while the third slot 15 is disposed in the middle of the radiation patch 10 .

[0154] Furthermore, the radiation patch 10 also includes a fourth slot 16. The fourth slot 16 is provided between the feed point A and the first grounding point B. The fourth slot 16 is used to increase the electrical length of the radiation patch 10 along the second direction D2. In actual production, if the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is greater than the Bluetooth frequency band, the fourth slot 16 can be provided between the feed point A and the second grounding point C, so that the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100 is the Bluetooth frequency band, and then the Bluetooth frequency band is tuned. The area between the feed point A and the second grounding point C is a strong current area, and the tuning efficiency of arranging the fourth slot 16 at this position is higher.

[0155] The present application does not limit the shapes of the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 . The shapes of the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 include but are not limited to rectangle, triangle, circle, etc.

[0156] Optionally, the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 may be provided simultaneously or separately. Optionally, the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 may be provided symmetrically or staggered in the first direction D1. Optionally, the center of the third slot 15 may be collinear with the feeding point A or may not be collinear with the feeding point A. Optionally, the fourth slot 16 may be collinear with the feeding point A or may not be collinear with the feeding point A.

[0157] In this embodiment, the third slot 15 and the fourth slot 16 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeding point A, and the center of the third slot 15, the feeding point A, and the center of the fourth slot 16 are collinear. In this way, while achieving frequency modulation, the radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 is also ensured to be symmetrical, thereby forming omnidirectional radiation.

[0158] See also Fig.23 , the antenna assembly 100 is a first Bluetooth antenna. The electronic device 1000 further includes a second Bluetooth antenna 500 and a switch control unit 600. The switch control unit 600 is electrically connected to the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna 500. The second Bluetooth antenna 500 can be a traditional Bluetooth antenna, which can be a metal frame antenna in the form of an IFA, an antenna embedded in a plastic frame, a bracket antenna, etc.

[0159] The switch control unit 600 is used to intelligently switch the working antenna of the Bluetooth signal according to the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna 500. For example, the switch control unit 600 is used to switch to the first Bluetooth antenna to receive and transmit the Bluetooth signal when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is greater than or equal to the preset strength and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna 500 is less than the preset strength. The switch control unit 600 is also used to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna 500 to receive and transmit the Bluetooth signal when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is less than the preset strength and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna 500 is greater than or equal to the preset strength. The switch control unit 600 is also used to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna 500 to receive and transmit the Bluetooth signal when the signal strengths of the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna 500 are both greater than or both less than the preset strength. In this way, the Bluetooth antenna with stronger signal strength is intelligently switched to work in different scenarios to ensure the stability of the Bluetooth signal of the electronic device 1000 in the folding scenario, or the pocket scenario, or the folding pocket scenario.

[0160] The performance of the above-mentioned various implementations is verified by experiments. Fig.24 , Fig.24 It is a comparative reference model provided by the embodiment of the present application. ANT1 and ANT2 are located above the equivalent human body model. According to the antenna reciprocity theorem, ANT1 and ANT2 can be used as both Tx antennas and Rx antennas. In the present application, ANT2 is used as the Rx antenna and ANT1 is the variable Tx antenna. That is, ANT2 transmits Bluetooth signals and ANT1 receives Bluetooth signals. Both ANT1 and ANT2 are monopole antennas (ideal creeping wave antennas).

[0161] See also Fig.25 , Fig.25 It is the transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. Among them, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. The S parameter curve of ANT1 coincides with the S parameter curve of ANT2. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -43. The larger the transmission coefficient, the higher the efficiency of ANT1 in receiving the signal transmitted by ANT2.

[0162] See also Fig.26 , Fig.26 Is adopted Fig.14The transmission coefficient curves of the patch antenna in TM10 working mode as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -53, which is much smaller than the transmission coefficient of -43 when comparing two ideal monopole antennas as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. The transmission coefficient drops by 10dB. Fig.14 When the patch antenna in the provided TM10 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band is poor.

[0163] See also Fig. 27 , Fig. 27 Is adopted Fig.14 The directional diagram of the patch antenna in TM10 working mode is provided. It can be seen that the radiation direction of the patch antenna in TM10 working mode is perpendicular to the human body, so the transmission performance between ANT1 and ANT2 is poor.

[0164] See also Fig.28 , Fig.28 yes Fig.19 The antenna assembly 100 of the TM01 mode is provided as a receiving antenna (ANT1), and an ideal monopole antenna is provided as a model of a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0165] See also Fig.29 , Fig.29 yes Fig.19 The directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the TM01 mode is provided. It can be clearly seen that the antenna assembly 100 in the TM01 mode transmits in the on-body direction. While the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 maintains omnidirectional radiation, the main radiation direction is to the right. The main radiation direction to the right is due to the presence of the human head. There is reflection when the creeping wave is transmitted to the human head, so the directional pattern of ANT1 mainly radiates to the right.

[0166] See also Fig.30 , Fig.30 yes Fig.19 The tangential electric field distribution when the antenna assembly 100 of the TM01 mode is provided as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna is used as a transmitting antenna (ANT2) model. It can be clearly seen that the surface electric field is transmitted as a traveling wave, and the transmitted electric field decays rapidly, which also shows that the energy received by ANT1 at this time is mainly the surface electric field, proving that ANT2 generates a creeping wave.

[0167] See also Fig.31, Fig.31 yes Fig.19 The transmission coefficient curve of the antenna component 100 in the TM01 mode provided is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -45, which is close to the transmission coefficient of -43 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. It shows that when the patch antenna in the TM01 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance of the Bluetooth frequency band is better. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient at this time is improved by more than 9dB compared with the traditional MPA antenna, which is close to the ideal monopole antenna. Compared with the use of Fig.14 The patch antenna in TM10 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1), and the transmission coefficient of the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2) is -53, which is improved by 9dB.

[0168] See also Fig.32 , Fig.32 yes Fig.19 The TM01 mode antenna assembly 100, the ideal monopole antenna and the TM10 mode patch antenna are provided in the transverse direction ( Fig.30 Curve a is the lateral transmission coefficient of the antenna assembly 100 in the TM01 mode. Curve b is the lateral transmission coefficient between the patch antennas in the TM10 mode. Curve c is the lateral transmission coefficient of the ideal monopole antenna. By comparison, it can be seen that in the Bluetooth frequency band, the lateral transmission coefficient of the antenna assembly 100 in the TM01 mode has reached a level very close to that of the ideal monopole antenna.

[0169] The following is an example of a solution to Bluetooth jamming in a pocket scenario using an embodiment of the present application, namely, horizontal transmission (for example, transmission in the up and down directions of a human body), with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0170] When the user puts the foldable mobile phone into the trouser pocket, we cannot estimate whether the antenna assembly 100 radiation patch 10 or the reference floor 400 is close to the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the impact and improvement measures after the antenna assembly 100 is blocked by the human body after being placed in the pocket.

[0171] See also Fig.33 , Fig.33 This is a scene diagram of the radiation patch 10 of the TM01 mode antenna component 100 relative to the human body. At this time, the TM01 mode antenna component 100 is completely blocked by the human body.

[0172] See also Fig.34 , Fig.34 The transmission coefficient curves of the antenna assembly 100 with the blocked TM01 mode as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2.

[0173] It can be seen that the transmission coefficient of the antenna component 100 of the blocked TM01 mode is seriously reduced, because it is too close to the human body, not only the antenna performance is reduced, but also there is a serious frequency deviation. At this time, the resonant frequency deviation of ANT2 exceeds 1G, and the transmission coefficient drops by more than 10dB.

[0174] See also Fig.35 The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of antenna components 100 of the TM01 module described above, wherein the plurality of antenna components 100 include a first antenna component 100a and a second antenna component 100b. The radiation patch 10 of the first antenna component 100a is disposed between the first back cover 312 and the first sub-floor 410; the radiation patch 10 of the second antenna component 100b is disposed between the second back cover 322 and the second sub-floor 420.

[0175] Optionally, the structures of the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b may be the same or different. When the structures of the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b are different, the main direction of the first antenna assembly 100a is different from the main radiation direction of the first antenna assembly 100a, further compensating for the omnidirectionality of the radiation direction.

[0176] Optionally, in the folded state, the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiation patch 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a may be parallel or non-parallel to the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiation patch 10 of the second antenna assembly 100b.

[0177] Optionally, the angle between the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiation patch 10 of the first antenna component 100a and the central axis (along the second direction D2) of the radiation patch 10 of the second antenna component 100b is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, so that the main direction of the first antenna component 100a is different from the main radiation direction of the first antenna component 100a, further compensating for the omnidirectionality of the radiation direction.

[0178] The switch control unit 600 can be electrically connected to the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b, and is used to intelligently switch the working antenna of the Bluetooth signal according to the signal strength of the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b.

[0179] See also Fig.36 , Fig.36 It is a structural diagram of the second antenna assembly 100b (ANT3) provided in the implementation of the present application. Fig.19 ANT3 is rotated 90 degrees in the vertical direction compared to ANT2, ensuring that the first antenna component 100a (ANT2) and the second antenna component 100b (ANT3) cannot be completely blocked at the same time.

[0180] See also Fig.37 , Fig.37 yes Fig.35 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 (ANT2+ANT3) is used as a transmitting antenna, and an ideal monopole antenna is used as a model of a receiving antenna (ANT1). At this time, ANT2 is blocked by the human body, but ANT3 is not blocked and can work normally.

[0181] See also Fig.38 , Fig.38 yes Fig.35 The transmission coefficient curves of the antenna assembly 100 (ANT2+ANT3) of the TM01 mode provided as the transmitting antenna and the ideal monopole antenna as the receiving antenna (ANT1). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Curve c is the S parameter curve of ANT3. Curve d is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. Curve e is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT3.

[0182] It can be seen that after adding a group of TM01 antennas to the upper and lower parts of the folding phone, it can ensure that a group of TM01 antennas have a good transmission coefficient, ensure that the Bluetooth antenna works normally, realize the role of Bluetooth optimization, and ensure that horizontal transmission is not stuck in the Bluetooth scenario.

[0183] The following is an example of the second solution to solve the Bluetooth jamming problem of the electronic device 1000 in a pocket scenario, namely, longitudinal transmission (for example, transmission in the front and back direction of the human body), with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0184] In some scenarios, users cannot determine whether the folded phone is placed on the left or right side of the trouser pocket. The current Bluetooth antenna cannot achieve diffraction from the left thigh to the right earphone or from the right thigh to the left earphone, and thus cannot ensure that the Bluetooth headset 2000 does not jam.

[0185] See also Fig.39 , Fig.39 The embodiment of the present application provides a reference model in which two ideal monopole antennas are respectively used as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna in longitudinal transmission. At this time, ANT1 is located above the human body model and is a Tx antenna. ANT2 is located below the human body model and is an Rx antenna. ANT2 remains unchanged and is always an ideal monopole antenna. ANT1 can be different variable antennas in different embodiments, and is a monopole antenna in this embodiment.

[0186] See also Fig.40 , Fig.40 It is the longitudinal transmission coefficient curve when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Among them, curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. The S parameter curve of ANT1 coincides with the S parameter curve of ANT2. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -35. The larger the transmission coefficient, the higher the efficiency of ANT1 in receiving the signal transmitted by ANT2.

[0187] See also Fig.41 , Fig.41 Is adopted Fig.14 A longitudinal transmission model in which a patch antenna in TM10 working mode is provided as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna is provided as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0188] See also Fig.42 , Fig.42 Is adopted Fig.14 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curves of the patch antenna in the TM10 working mode provided are used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -44, which is much smaller than the transmission coefficient of -35 when comparing two ideal monopole antennas as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. The transmission coefficient drops by 9dB. Fig.14 When the patch antenna in the provided TM10 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band is poor.

[0189] See also Fig.43 , Fig.43 The longitudinal transmission model is a model in which the antenna assembly 100 of the TM01 mode is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and an ideal monopole antenna is used as a transmitting antenna (ANT2).

[0190] See also Fig.44 , Fig.44 The longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 of TM01 mode as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the longitudinal transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -36, which is close to the longitudinal transmission coefficient of -35 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna. It shows that when the antenna assembly 100 of TM01 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance of the Bluetooth frequency band is better. It can be seen that the longitudinal transmission coefficient at this time is improved by more than 8dB compared with the antenna of TM10 mode. Adding a set of TM01 mode antennas to the upper and lower parts of the foldable phone can also ensure that a set of TM01 mode antennas has a good transmission coefficient, ensure the normal operation of the Bluetooth antenna, realize the role of Bluetooth optimization, and ensure that the vertical transmission in the Bluetooth scenario is not stuck.

[0191] See also Fig.45 , Fig.45 yes Fig.19 The longitudinal transmission coefficients of the antenna assembly 100 of the TM01 mode, the ideal monopole antenna and the patch antenna of the TM10 mode are compared. The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the antenna assembly 100 of the TM01 mode in the Bluetooth frequency band is also very close to the level of the ideal monopole antenna. Curve a is Fig.19 The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the antenna assembly 100 in the TM01 mode is provided. Curve b is Fig.19 The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the ideal monopole antenna is provided. Curve c is Fig.19 The longitudinal transmission coefficient of the TM10 mode patch antenna is provided.

[0192] See also Fig.46 , Fig.46 yes Fig.21The lateral transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 of the provided TM01 mode as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -45, which is close to the transmission coefficient of -43 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Fig.21 When the patch antenna in the TM01 working mode provided is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band is good.

[0193] See also Fig.47 , Fig.47 yes Fig.21 The provided TM01 mode antenna component 100 is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and the longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the longitudinal transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -37, which is close to the longitudinal transmission coefficient of -35 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Fig.21 When the patch antenna in the provided TM01 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the longitudinal transmission performance of the Bluetooth frequency band is good.

[0194] See also Fig.48 , Fig.48 yes Fig. 9 The lateral transmission coefficient curve of the antenna assembly 100 of the provided TM01 mode as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna as the transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -44, which is close to the transmission coefficient of -43 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Fig. 9 When the patch antenna in the TM01 working mode provided is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the transmission performance in the Bluetooth frequency band is good.

[0195] See also Fig.49 , Fig.49 yes Fig. 9 The provided TM01 mode antenna assembly 100 is used as a receiving antenna (ANT1) and the longitudinal transmission coefficient curve of an ideal monopole antenna as a transmitting antenna (ANT2). Curve a is the S parameter curve of ANT1. Curve b is the S parameter curve of ANT2. Both ANT1 and ANT2 can cover the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band. Curve c is the longitudinal transmission coefficient between ANT1 and ANT2. From curve c, it can be seen that the longitudinal transmission coefficient of ANT1 and ANT2 in the 2.45G Bluetooth frequency band is -36, which is close to the longitudinal transmission coefficient of -35 when two ideal monopole antennas are used as transmitting antennas and receiving antennas. Fig. 9 When the patch antenna in the provided TM01 working mode is used as the receiving antenna (ANT1) and the ideal monopole antenna is used as the transmitting antenna (ANT2), the longitudinal transmission performance of the Bluetooth frequency band is good.

[0196] This application provides a design concept for a creeping wave antenna. Taking the TM10 mode antenna as an example, multiple grounding points are set on the patch antenna to guide the generation of TM01 mode current. And from the actual simulation results of the human body model, the electric field is transmitted in a traveling wave parallel to the human body, the transmission direction decays rapidly, and the far-field radiation pattern also shows on-body transmission, realizing the creeping wave antenna design. Combined with the actual human body pocket mode scenario, in order to solve the problem of the user's body blocking the antenna, a set of 90° rotated TM01 mode antenna components 100 are added to the upper and lower parts of the folding mobile phone to ensure that the Bluetooth antenna can be optimized, and both horizontal and vertical transmissions are beneficial, providing a solution for the Bluetooth scene jamming of small folding mobile phones.

[0197] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: The antenna assembly comprises: Reference floor; A radiation patch, the radiation patch is opposite to the reference floor and is spaced apart from each other; the length of the radiation patch in a first direction is greater than the length in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the radiation patch comprises a first grounding point, a feeding point and a second grounding point sequentially arranged along the first direction, the first grounding point and the second grounding point are both grounded; and A signal source, the signal source is electrically connected to the feeding point, the signal source is used to excite the radiation patch to form a target resonance mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band, the target resonance mode forms at least a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the Bluetooth frequency band in the second direction, and the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the first grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the second direction, the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the first direction is smaller than the electrical length between the second grounding point and the side of the radiation patch along the second direction, and the peripheral side of the radiation patch forms a clockwise or counterclockwise annular magnetic flow between the reference floor in the target resonance mode.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: An angle between a radiation direction of the antenna assembly in the target resonance mode and a plane where the radiation patch is located is less than or equal to 60°.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The circumferential side of the radiation patch includes a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side which are arranged in sequence. The first side and the third side both extend along the second direction, and the second side and the fourth side both extend along the first direction.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that In the target resonance mode, the direction of the electric field between the radiation patch and the peripheral side of the reference floor is perpendicular to the plane where the radiation patch is located, and the direction of the electric field between the radiation patch and each of the peripheral side of the reference floor is the same.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that In the second direction, the electric field intensity between the radiation patch and the peripheral side of the reference floor first decreases and then increases.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The target resonance mode is the TM01 mode, the annular magnetic current forms 1 magnetic current zero point between the first side and the reference floor, the annular magnetic current forms 0 magnetic current zero point between the second side and the reference floor, the annular magnetic current forms 1 magnetic current zero point between the third side and the reference floor, and the annular magnetic current forms 0 magnetic current zero point between the fourth side and the reference floor.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The minimum electrical length between the first grounding point and the second side is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the first grounding point and the fourth side is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band; the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point and the second side is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the second grounding point and the fourth side is the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The minimum electrical length between the first ground point and the first side is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the minimum electrical length between the second ground point and the third side is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The electrical length between the first ground point and the feeding point is less than 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the second ground point and the feeding point is less than 3 / 8 of the wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding point is located at the geometric center of the radiation patch, and the first grounding point and the second grounding point are symmetrically distributed about the feeding point.

11. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that: The radiation patch further includes a third grounding point and a fourth grounding point, the third grounding point, the feeding point and the fourth grounding point are arranged in sequence along the second direction, the third grounding point and the fourth grounding point are both grounded, and the third grounding point and the fourth grounding point are used to tune the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly; The third grounding point is located between the feeding point and the second side, the minimum electrical length between the third grounding point and the second side is greater than or equal to the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, the electrical length between the third grounding point and the feeding point is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, the fourth grounding point is located between the feeding point and the second side, the electrical length between the fourth grounding point and the fourth side is greater than or equal to the (3 / 16-5 / 16) wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band, and the electrical length between the fourth grounding point and the feeding point is less than or equal to 1 / 8 wavelength of the Bluetooth frequency band.

12. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that: The second side of the radiation patch is provided with a first slot extending toward the fourth side, the dimension of the first slot along the second direction is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first side, and the first slot is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiation patch along the second direction; and / or, The fourth side of the radiation patch is provided with a second slot extending toward the second side, the dimension of the second slot along the second direction is 1 / 8-3 / 16 of the length of the first side, and the second slot is used to reduce the electrical length of the radiation patch along the second direction.

13. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that: The radiation patch further includes a third slot, the third slot is provided between the feeding point and the first grounding point, and the third slot is used to increase the electrical length of the radiation patch along the second direction; and / or, The radiation patch further includes a fourth slot, which is provided between the feeding point and the first grounding point, and is used to increase the electrical length of the radiation patch along the second direction.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a back cover and at least one antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, and the electronic device is used to communicate Bluetooth signals with a Bluetooth headset through the antenna assembly; the back cover is arranged opposite to the reference floor, and the back cover is located between the reference floor and the radiation patch.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device is a foldable electronic device, the back cover includes a first back cover and a second back cover, the reference floor includes a first sub-floor and a second sub-floor, and when the electronic device is in a folded state, the first back cover, the first sub-floor, the second sub-floor and the second back cover are sequentially stacked in a thickness direction; At least one of the antenna components includes a first antenna component and a second antenna component, the radiation patch of the first antenna component is arranged between the first back cover and the first sub-floor; the radiation patch of the second antenna component is arranged between the second back cover and the second sub-floor.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that: An angle between a central axis of the radiation patch of the first antenna assembly and a central axis of the radiation patch of the second antenna assembly is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

17. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The antenna assembly is a first Bluetooth antenna, and the electronic device also includes a second Bluetooth antenna and a switch control unit, wherein the switch control unit is electrically connected to the first Bluetooth antenna and the second Bluetooth antenna, and the switch control unit is used to switch to the first Bluetooth antenna for receiving and sending Bluetooth signals when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is greater than or equal to a preset strength, and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna is less than the preset strength; the switch control unit is also used to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna for receiving and sending Bluetooth signals when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna is less than the preset strength, and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna is greater than or equal to the preset strength; the switch control unit is also used to switch to the second Bluetooth antenna for receiving and sending Bluetooth signals when the signal strength of the first Bluetooth antenna and the signal strength of the second Bluetooth antenna are both less than the preset strength.

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